387 lines
64 KiB
XML
387 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324" ID-GBIF-Dataset="13b1e5f2-46c1-454c-9429-255ddcc39dd7" ID-PMC="PMC8352856" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1053-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="24C336C5EA905902A044FCF1B43767E9" ID-PubMed="34393555" ID-ZooBank="E67F6F86686D44AC910537FF58BC2183" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1053-1" checkinTime="1627926303636" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Martino, Emanuela Di & Rosso, Antonietta" docDate="2021" docId="B37BD229D79B5D099676EE6DBCEB16ED" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1053: 1-42" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1053" docPubDate="2021-08-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324" docTitle="Microporella ichnusae Martino & Rosso 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="01CCC2A6-8D65-49F0-8AA9-732ADA5A2ED9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="24C336C5EA905902A044FCF1B43767E9" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="24C336C5EA905902A044FCF1B43767E9" masterDocTitle="Seek and ye shall find: new species and new records of Microporella (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the Mediterranean" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668150783835" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Seek and ye shall find: new species and new records of Microporella (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the Mediterranean</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3892-4036</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, University of Oslo - Blindern, P. O. Box 1172, Oslo 0318, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">e.d.martino@nhm.uio.no</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rosso, Antonietta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Universita di Catania - Corso Italia 57, 95129, Catania, Italy & CoNISMa - Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare - Piazzale Flaminio, 9, 00196, Roma, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-08-02</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1053</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>42</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1053-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E67F6F86686D44AC910537FF58BC2183</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">24C336C5EA905902A044FCF1B43767E9</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="183907175" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:01CCC2A6-8D65-49F0-8AA9-732ADA5A2ED9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B37BD229D79B5D099676EE6DBCEB16ED" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/01CCC2A6-8D65-49F0-8AA9-732ADA5A2ED9" authority="Martino & Rosso, 2021" authorityName="Martino & Rosso" authorityYear="2021" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella ichnusae" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ichnusae" status="sp. nov.">Microporella ichnusae</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Martino & Rosso, 2021" authorityName="Martino & Rosso" authorityYear="2021" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Microporella</taxonomicName>
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sp. A
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<bibRefCitation author="Fraschetti, S" journalOrPublisher="8330) nelle aree marine protette di Capo Caccia, Plemmirio e Isole Pelagie. Relazione finale. CoNISMa-Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B28" refString="Fraschetti, S, Boero, F, Guarnieri, G, Terlizzi, A, Guidetti, P, Bussotti, S, Piraino, S, De Vito, D, Cormaci, M, Furnari, G, Catra, M, Alongi, G, Rosso, A, Di Martino, E, Ceccherelli, G, Manconi, R, Ledda, F, Cattaneo-Vietti, R, Cerrano, C, Pantaleo, U, Scinto, A, Bavestrello, G, Di Camillo, CG, Betti, F, Chemello, R, Milazzo, M, Graziano, M, Di Franco, A, Marchini, A, Russo, GF, Di Stefano, F, Cimmino, P, 2010. Studio degli ambienti di grotte marine sommerse (Cod. 8330) nelle aree marine protette di Capo Caccia, Plemmirio e Isole Pelagie. Relazione finale. CoNISMa-Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare" title="Studio degli ambienti di grotte marine sommerse (Cod." year="2010">Fraschetti et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: table 27.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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: Italy • 1 living colony consisting of more than 100 zooids, including some complete and some broken ovicells;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Iberian-Provençal">Iberian-Provencal</normalizedToken>
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Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe submarine cave; sample Bisbe 2;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="40.57083">40°34'15"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="8.215278">8°12'55"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 8 m; 2009; V. Di Martino leg.; scuba diving; GSO Biocoenosis; PMC. B30a. 20.11.2020.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Italy • 9 living colonies, each consisting of a dozen zooids;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Iberian-Provençal">Iberian-Provencal</normalizedToken>
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Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe, Falco and Galatea caves; samples Bisbe 1, Bisbe 2, Falco 2, Galatea 1 and Galatea 2; Bisbe, same details as the holotype; Falco:
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<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="40.569164">40°34'09"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="14" value="8.220555">8°13'14"E</geoCoordinate>
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; Galatea:
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<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="40.569164">40°34'09"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="8.231667">8°13'54"E</geoCoordinate>
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; 4-8 m; 2008; V. Di Martino leg.; scuba diving; GSO Biocoenosis; PMC. B30b. 20.11.2020.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colony encrusting, multiserial. Autozooid frontal shield densely pustulose and sparsely pseudoporous. Orifice transversely D-shaped; hinge-line smooth with blunt condyles close to corners; four thin oral spines, hidden in ovicellate zooids. Ascopore field semi-elliptical; ascopore opening an arched fissure marked by a distal tongue with radial spines. Avicularium usually single, same level as or proximal to the ascopore, occasionally paired, directed distolaterally; crossbar complete; rostrum lanceolate, channelled. Ovicell non-personate.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Colony encrusting multiserial, unilaminar (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5C, D</figureCitation>
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) with zooids arranged in alternate rows often disrupted on particularly irregular substrata; interzooidal communications through 6-8 elliptical pore chamber windows (40-65
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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18-26
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Autozooids usually hexagonal to rhomboidal but sometimes irregularly shaped, 307-587 (434
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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73, N = 20)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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284-439 (357
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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59, N = 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) (mean L/W = 1.21), boundaries marked by narrow grooves and raised rims of lateral walls (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6B, G</figureCitation>
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). Frontal shield slightly convex with polygonal and flat-topped pustules giving a tessellate appearance, and pierced by circular (diameter 6-12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), irregularly distributed pseudopores, usually numbering 10-30 but more numerous in some colonies; 2-4 marginal areolae, elliptical to fissure-like, barely visible or distinguishable from pseudopores (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Martino & Rosso" authorityYear="2021" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella ichnusae" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ichnusae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella ichnusae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. from the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Iberian-Provençal">Iberian-Provencal</normalizedToken>
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Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B30b. 20.11.2020
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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unbleached colony
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, C, D, E</emphasis>
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); 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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); 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Orifice transversely D-shaped, 75-94 (81
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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5, N = 20)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
109-145 (122
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
10, N = 20)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(mean OL/OW = 0.67; mean ZL/OL = 5.33), outlined by a thin, slightly raised rim; hinge-line straight, smooth, with a pair of small triangular, blunt condyles close to corners (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oral spines four, occasionally five or six (diameter of the bases 10-14
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
), evenly spaced, the proximal pair located at orifice mid-length; spines hidden in ovicellate autozooids (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Ascopore field a small and very narrow, transversely semi-elliptical area marked by a thin raised gymnocystal rim, 28-36
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
30-50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, located 25-50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
below the orifice, at the same level as the frontal shield; opening transversely C-shaped, 20-30
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
6-10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, with a subcircular tongue projecting from distal edge, and relatively few, tiny, radial denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Avicularium most often single (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), occasionally paired (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
) or absent (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
), relatively large, 75-120 (98
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
13, N = 20)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
55-91 (71
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
11, N = 20)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(mean AvL/AvW = 1.39), located laterally, on either side, in the distal zooidal half, same level as or proximally to the ascopore (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5B, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
) but on irregularly shaped zooids occasionally placed in the proximal part; crossbar complete, thin; rostrum triangular, channelled and open-ended, directed laterally or distolaterally, often distally raised on a smooth, gymnocystal cystid (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mandible 160-180
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, setiform, with a hook at about one-third of its length that clamps it to the rostrum tip, crossing the whole zooid when open (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martino & Rosso" authorityYear="2021" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella ichnusae" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ichnusae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella ichnusae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. from the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Iberian-Provençal">Iberian-Provencal</normalizedToken>
|
||
Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B30a. 20.11.2020
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
autozooids with complete or broken ovicells
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-G</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Ovicell subglobular and prominent, 185-241 (214
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
25, N = 4)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
290-314 (297
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
11, N = 4)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(mean OvL/OvW = 0.72), produced by and continuous with frontal shield of distal zooid, obscuring distal part of the orifice; calcification fabric similar to frontal shield but with smaller and more prominent pustules; pseudopores small (diameter 5-10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
), densely packed at the periphery, absent centrally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Kenozooids smaller than or nearly as large as autozooids, lacking openings such as orifices and ascopores but sometimes equipped with avicularium (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6A, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ancestrula not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
From
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Ichnusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ichnusa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ichnusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the Latinized form of the ancient Greek name for Sardinia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Size and shape of autozooids vary remarkably within and between colonies, including dwarf-like autozooids, about half the size of the more regular ones, as well as extremely large and irregularly shaped autozooids, appearing as the result of the fusion of contiguous autozooids (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). In this latter case the avicularium can be placed much more proximally than in regular autozooids. Irregularly-shaped autozooids also occur in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. browni" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="browni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. browni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2798.1.1" author="Harmelin, J-G" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 30" refId="B34" refString="Harmelin, J-G, Ostrovsky, AN, Caceres-Chamizo, JP, Sanner, J, 2011. Bryodiversity in the tropics: taxonomy of Microporella species (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) with personate maternal zooids from Indian Ocean, Red Sea and southeast Mediterranean. Zootaxa 2798: 1 - 30, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2798.1.1" title="Bryodiversity in the tropics: taxonomy of Microporella species (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) with personate maternal zooids from Indian Ocean, Red Sea and southeast Mediterranean." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2798.1.1" volume="2798" year="2011">Harmelin et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 3b). These unusual autozooids and the kenozooids observed in this species seem to be particularly common in zones of contact between colonies or lobes of the same colony, and in damaged areas, also associated with evidences of reparation (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Falco Cave, Paratype PMC. B 30 b. 20.11.2020 A unbleached colony B avicularium with open mandible, showing the channelled rostrum. The straight, short, setiform mandible has a hook at about one-third of its length which clamps it to the rostrum tip C bleached autozooids showing size and shape variability. Note that the majority of autozooids has a single avicularium, while few autozooids have paired avicularia (white asterisks) or none (black asterisks) D irregularly-shaped autozooids and kenozooids along the contact zone of lobes E autozooids and kenozooid (asterisk) near the colony margin with pore-chamber windows visible along exposed lateral walls F autozooid at the growing edge showing the morphology of the orifice and four, thin spine bases. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C, D, E); 50 µm (B); 100 µm (F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572562" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), such as regeneration of broken autozooids, patches of calcification to close holes in the frontal shield, or orifices of presumably not functional autozooids (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Intrazooidal budding, a feature that is common in bryozoans from submarine caves (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4728.4.1" author="Rosso, A" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="401 - 442" refId="B60" refString="Rosso, A, Di Martino, E, Gerovasileiou, V, 2020a. Revision of the genus Setosella (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with description of new species from deep-waters and submarine caves of the Mediterranean. Zootaxa 4728 (4): 401 - 442, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4728.4.1" title="Revision of the genus Setosella (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with description of new species from deep-waters and submarine caves of the Mediterranean." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4728.4.1" volume="4728" year="2020 a">Rosso et al. 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8110904" author="Rosso, A" journalOrPublisher="Lecture Notes in Earth System Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B62" refString="Rosso, A, Gerovasileiou, V, Di Martino, E, 2020b. Really onychocellids? Revisions and new findings increase the astonishing bryozoan diversity of the Mediterranean Sea. In: Crocetta F (Ed.) Benthic Biodiversity in the Northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, sec. Marine Biology 8(11): e904. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8110904" title="Really onychocellids? Revisions and new findings increase the astonishing bryozoan diversity of the Mediterranean Sea. In: Crocetta F (Ed.) Benthic Biodiversity in the Northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, sec. Marine Biology 8 (11): e 904." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8110904" year="2020 b">2020b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), has been more commonly observed in avicularia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) than autozooids (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Microporella ichnusae sp. nov. from the Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW Sardinia, Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, Bisbe Cave, Holotype PMC. B 30 a. 20.11.2020 A colony portion with broken ovicells, autozooids showing evidences of reparation, and kenozooids with (white asterisk) and without (black asterisk) avicularia B autozooids with complete or broken ovicells C paired autozooids, seemingly repaired, one lacking avicularium D close-up of a colony portion with evidence of zooidal repair. Note the occluded orifice indicated by the partly protruding spines (see arrow) E group of zooids (two ovicellate), some with open or closed mandibles and one lacking an avicularium F close-up of two zooids. Owing to the absence of an ascopore, which is usually placed at the same level as the avicularium, the upper one is more likely to be a kenozooid equipped with an avicularium than an autozooid with obliterated orifice. Note also the different frontal shield texture of its proximal margin, likely due to ovicell resorption G close-up of an autozooid with sealed orifice (central zooid), and an orifice with a thin secondary rim, indicating intramural budding presumably as a result of predation. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 200 µm (B-G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572563" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). The occurrence of ovicells seems rare, observed only on the colony selected as the holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The general appearance of this new species is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. ciliata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. ciliata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the orifice in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. ciliata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. ciliata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although of comparable size (0.06-0.08 mm long by 0.11-0.15 mm wide), is proportionately shorter, the hinge-line shows a series of median denticles and the two lateral condyles are more prominent and more laterally placed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Microporella ciliata (Pallas, 1766) from the Ionian Sea, Gulf of Noto, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 85 a A general view of the colony B autozooids at the colony margin showing distal and distolateral pore chamber windows C ovicellate autozooids D autozooid with the characteristic four, thin, oral spine bases. Note how commonly avicularia regenerate E close-up of the orifice showing a series of median denticles and two lateral condyles. Scale bars: 500 µm (A); 250 µm (B); 200 µm (C); 100 µm (D); 50 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572561" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4E</figureCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904" author="Kuklinski, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1893 - 1906" refId="B41" refString="Kuklinski, P, Taylor, PD, 2008. Arctic species of the cheilostome bryozoan Microporella, with a redescription of the type species. Journal of Natural History 42 (27-28): 1893 - 1906, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904" title="Arctic species of the cheilostome bryozoan Microporella, with a redescription of the type species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904" volume="42" year="2008">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kukliński">Kuklinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Taylor 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1G). The type and position of the oral spines are similar but the number of spines is 4-6 (more commonly four) in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. ichnusae" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ichnusae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. ichnusae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and 1-4 (and occasionally lacking in the zone of astogenetic repetition) in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. ciliata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. ciliata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904" author="Kuklinski, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1893 - 1906" refId="B41" refString="Kuklinski, P, Taylor, PD, 2008. Arctic species of the cheilostome bryozoan Microporella, with a redescription of the type species. Journal of Natural History 42 (27-28): 1893 - 1906, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904" title="Arctic species of the cheilostome bryozoan Microporella, with a redescription of the type species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904" volume="42" year="2008">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kukliński">Kuklinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Taylor 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. ciliata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. ciliata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the frontal avicularium is constantly single, only lacking in the first autozooid budded from the ancestrula, and no kenozooids were reported (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904" author="Kuklinski, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1893 - 1906" refId="B41" refString="Kuklinski, P, Taylor, PD, 2008. Arctic species of the cheilostome bryozoan Microporella, with a redescription of the type species. Journal of Natural History 42 (27-28): 1893 - 1906, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904" title="Arctic species of the cheilostome bryozoan Microporella, with a redescription of the type species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802126904" volume="42" year="2008">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kukliński">Kuklinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Taylor 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, the ovicells in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. ciliata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. ciliata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have length comparable with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. ichnusae" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ichnusae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. ichnusae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. but are much narrower.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martino & Rosso" authorityYear="2021" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella ichnusae" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ichnusae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella ichnusae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is presently known only from submarine caves in the Capo Caccia-Isola Piana MPA, in NW Sardinia. However, it is possible that some previous records of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. ciliata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. ciliata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to date the only
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martino & Rosso" authorityYear="2021" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with a single avicularium considered as widespread in the Mediterranean, belong to this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |