treatments-xml/data/E6/48/39/E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59143" ID-GBIF-Dataset="83d5b180-4e0b-44d1-ad83-67ad55ee0355" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182236442" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-1-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD006A3AD2C6516AB596CDA05E0F375D" ID-ZooBank="1D5553BA24894F2C9527B7E46B9B432B" ModsDocID="1860-0743-97-1-1" checkinTime="1621423297205" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jirapatrasilp, Parin, Pall-Gergely, Barna, Sutcharit, Chirasak &amp; Tongkerd, Piyoros" docDate="2021" docId="E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 97(1): 1-20" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (1)" docPubDate="2021-01-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59143" docTitle="Dicharax cucullatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="BD006A3AD2C6516AB596CDA05E0F375D" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD006A3AD2C6516AB596CDA05E0F375D" masterDocTitle="The operculate micro land snail genus Dicharax Kobelt &amp; Moellendorff, 1900 (Caenogastropoda, Alycaeidae) in Thailand, with description of new species" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1632012559486" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>The operculate micro land snail genus Dicharax Kobelt &amp; Moellendorff, 1900 (Caenogastropoda, Alycaeidae) in Thailand, with description of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Jirapatrasilp, Parin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5591-6724</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Pall-Gergely, Barna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Otto ut 15, H- 1022 Budapest, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">piyorose@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>Zoosystematics and Evolution</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2021-01-05</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182236442" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="E64839C4-C607-5B7A-80C6-684D5F22F4E4" authority="(Theobald, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">Dicharax cucullatus (Theobald, 1870)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dicharax cucullatus A. Syntype of Alycaeus cucullatus, NHMUK 1888.12.4.951; B. Syntype of Alycaeus davisi, NHMUK 1903.7.1.1630; C, D. Specimens CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang, Chiang Mai Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (A, B.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494366" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dicharax cucullatus from Chiang Mai Province A. Specimen CUMZ 7421 from Doi Chiang Dao; B. Specimen CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang; C. Specimen CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; D. Specimen CUMZ 7423 from Wachirathan Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; E. Specimen CUMZ 7424 from Doi Inthanon, 2000 m a. s. l. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494367" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A, B. Dicharax cucullatus, specimens CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province; A. With operculum; C, D. Dicharax notus C. Syntype NHMUK 1903.7.1.3065; D. Specimen CUMZ 7425 from Tham Luang Sa Koen, Nan Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (C.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494368" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Living Dicharax specimens. A. Dicharax cucullatus, specimen CUMZ 7432 from Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province; B. Dicharax notus, specimen CUMZ 7425 from Tham Luang Sa Koen, Nan Province. Both photographed in the laboratory. Not to scale. Photo: A. Pholyotha." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494369" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Synoptic view of the eight Dicharax taxa in Thailand. A. Dicharax omissus, specimen CUMZ 7426 (gold plated); B. Dicharax pratatensis, specimen CUMZ 7427; C. Dicharax panhai sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 7429 / 2; D. Dicharax pongrati sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 7430 / 2; E. Dicharax notus, specimen CUMZ 7425; F. Dicharax burchi sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 7428 / 2; G. Dicharax borealis sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 5072 / 2; H. Dicharax cucullatus, specimen CUMZ 7421." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494370" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6H</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">Alycaeus cucullatus</taxonomicName>
Theobald, 1870: 396, 397, pl. 18, fig. 2. Type locality: Shan States [Myanmar]. 
<bibRefCitation author="Hanley, SCT" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B23" refString="Hanley, SCT, Theobald, W, 1874.] [Published in parts, dates follow Prashad (1927)]" title="] [Published in parts, dates follow Prashad (1927)]" year="1874">Hanley and Theobald 1874</bibRefCitation>
: 39, pl. 96, figs 1, 4; 
<bibRefCitation author="Reeve, LA" journalOrPublisher="Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, new series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B53" refString="Reeve, LA, 1878. Monograph of the genus Alycaeus. In: Reeve LA (Ed.) Conchologica Iconica: or, Illustrations of the Shells of Molluscous Animals. Reeve and Co., London, 20: 13 pp." title="Monograph of the genus Alycaeus. In: Reeve LA (Ed.) Conchologica Iconica: or, Illustrations of the Shells of Molluscous Animals. Reeve and Co., London, 20: 13 pp." year="1878">Reeve 1878</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 2, sp. 12; 
<bibRefCitation author="Godwin-Austen, HH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B19" refString="Godwin-Austen, HH, 1914. Land and freshwater mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burma, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malaya Peninsula, Ceylon and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 2, Part 12: 311-442." title="Land and freshwater mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burma, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malaya Peninsula, Ceylon and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 2, Part 12: 311 - 442." year="1914">Godwin-Austen 1914</bibRefCitation>
: 407, pl. 155, fig. 5; 
<bibRefCitation author="Tarruella, A" journalOrPublisher="Spira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="71 - 76" refId="B59" refString="Tarruella, A, Domenech, JL, 2011. Listado taxonomico ilustrado de la familia Cyclophoridae J.E. Gray, 1847 (Mollusca: Gastropoda): Parte 2. La subfamilia Alycaeinae J.E. Gray, 1850. Spira 4: 71 - 76" title="Listado taxonomico ilustrado de la familia Cyclophoridae J. E. Gray, 1847 (Mollusca: Gastropoda): Parte 2. La subfamilia Alycaeinae J. E. Gray, 1850." volume="4" year="2011">
Tarruella and 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Domènech">Domenech</normalizedToken>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
: 72.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus (Charax) cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus" subGenus="Charax">Alycaeus (Charax) cucullatus</taxonomicName>
- 
<bibRefCitation author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="137 - 152" refId="B28" refString="Kobelt, W, Moellendorff, OF von, 1897. Catalog der gegenwaertig lebend bekannten Pneumonopomen. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft 29: 137 - 152" title="Catalog der gegenwaertig lebend bekannten Pneumonopomen." volume="29" year="1897">
Kobelt and 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
1897
</bibRefCitation>
: 150.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus davisi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="davisi">Alycaeus davisi</taxonomicName>
Godwin-Austen, 1914: 408, pl. 148, fig. 9, 9a. Type locality: Siam and Shan State boundary. New synonym.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus (Dicharax) cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus" subGenus="Dicharax">Alycaeus (Dicharax) cucullatus</taxonomicName>
- 
<bibRefCitation author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Collins, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B27" refString="Kobelt, W, 1902. Cyclophoridae. Das Tierreich, 662 pp." title="Cyclophoridae. Das Tierreich, 662 pp." year="1902">Kobelt 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 367, 368; 
<bibRefCitation author="Gude, GK" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Gude, GK, 1921. The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca - III. Land Operculates. Taylor and Francis, London" title="The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca - III. Land Operculates." year="1921">Gude 1921</bibRefCitation>
: 244, 245.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus (Chamalycaeus) davisi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="davisi" subGenus="Chamalycaeus">Alycaeus (Chamalycaeus) davisi</taxonomicName>
- 
<bibRefCitation author="Gude, GK" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Gude, GK, 1921. The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca - III. Land Operculates. Taylor and Francis, London" title="The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca - III. Land Operculates." year="1921">Gude 1921</bibRefCitation>
: 226.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">Dicharax cucullatus</taxonomicName>
- 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 220" refId="B47" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Sajan, S, Tripathy, B, Meng, K, Takahiro, A, Ablett, J, 2020b. Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue. ZooKeys 981: 1 - 220, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" title="Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" volume="981" year="2020 b">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
et al. 2020b
</bibRefCitation>
: 57, 58.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax davisi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="davisi">Dicharax davisi</taxonomicName>
- 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 220" refId="B47" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Sajan, S, Tripathy, B, Meng, K, Takahiro, A, Ablett, J, 2020b. Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue. ZooKeys 981: 1 - 220, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" title="Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" volume="981" year="2020 b">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
et al. 2020b
</bibRefCitation>
: 58.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Syntypes</emphasis>
of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
NHMUK 1888.12.4.951-952 from Shan States (2 shells; Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dicharax cucullatus A. Syntype of Alycaeus cucullatus, NHMUK 1888.12.4.951; B. Syntype of Alycaeus davisi, NHMUK 1903.7.1.1630; C, D. Specimens CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang, Chiang Mai Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (A, B.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494366" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Syntypes</emphasis>
of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus davisi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="davisi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus davisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
NHMUK 1903.7.1.1630 from Shan States (4 shells; Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dicharax cucullatus A. Syntype of Alycaeus cucullatus, NHMUK 1888.12.4.951; B. Syntype of Alycaeus davisi, NHMUK 1903.7.1.1630; C, D. Specimens CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang, Chiang Mai Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (A, B.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494366" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494366" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dicharax cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.</emphasis>
Syntype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, NHMUK 1888.12.4.951; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B.</emphasis>
Syntype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus davisi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="davisi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus davisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, NHMUK 1903.7.1.1630; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D.</emphasis>
Specimens CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang, Chiang Mai Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B.</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1997-05-24" collectingDateMax="2020-10-06" collectingDateMin="1997-05-24" collectorName="S. Panha, Panha, J. B, Burch, P, Panha, P, C. Sutcharit, P. Jirapatrasilp, Jirapatrasilp, R, Srisonchai, W, Siriwut, T, Seesamut, C, Jirapatrasilp, A, Pholyotha, W, Siriwut, N, Likhitrakarn, C" country="Thailand" county="Doi Chiang Dao" elevation="2000" latitude="18.585695" location="Tham Ban Luang" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.484276" municipality="Chiang Mai Province" specimenCount="6" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">
CUMZ 7421 from 
<collectingCounty>Doi Chiang Dao</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Chiang Mai Province</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="26.7" value="19.24075">19°14'26.7&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="49.8" value="98.8805">98°52'49.8&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="1997-05-24" valueMax="1997-05-28" valueMin="1997-05-24">24-28 May 1997</collectingDate>
, coll. 
<collectorName>S. 
<collectorName>Panha, J.B</collectorName>
</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Burch, P</collectorName>
. Dumrongrojwattana (1 shell; Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dicharax cucullatus from Chiang Mai Province A. Specimen CUMZ 7421 from Doi Chiang Dao; B. Specimen CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang; C. Specimen CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; D. Specimen CUMZ 7423 from Wachirathan Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; E. Specimen CUMZ 7424 from Doi Inthanon, 2000 m a. s. l. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494367" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Synoptic view of the eight Dicharax taxa in Thailand. A. Dicharax omissus, specimen CUMZ 7426 (gold plated); B. Dicharax pratatensis, specimen CUMZ 7427; C. Dicharax panhai sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 7429 / 2; D. Dicharax pongrati sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 7430 / 2; E. Dicharax notus, specimen CUMZ 7425; F. Dicharax burchi sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 7428 / 2; G. Dicharax borealis sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 5072 / 2; H. Dicharax cucullatus, specimen CUMZ 7421." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494370" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6H</figureCitation>
). CUMZ 5071 from 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4:4859EADB04A22A716843C5AF5FC51BF3" country="Thailand" county="Doi Chiang Dao" latitude="18.585695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.484276" municipality="Chiang Mai Province" name="Tham Ban Luang" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Tham Ban Luang</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4:B949A7E353522169549EF33674BF9269" country="Thailand" county="Doi Chiang Dao" latitude="18.585695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.484276" municipality="Chiang Mai Province" name="Doi Ang Khang" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Doi Ang Khang</location>
, 
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="13.7" value="19.870472">19°52'13.7&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="44.1" value="99.045586">99°02'44.1&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="2000-03-17">17 Mar. 2000</collectingDate>
, coll. 
<collectorName>S. 
<collectorName>Panha, P</collectorName>
</collectorName>
. Tongkerd (34 shells; Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dicharax cucullatus A. Syntype of Alycaeus cucullatus, NHMUK 1888.12.4.951; B. Syntype of Alycaeus davisi, NHMUK 1903.7.1.1630; C, D. Specimens CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang, Chiang Mai Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (A, B.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494366" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dicharax cucullatus from Chiang Mai Province A. Specimen CUMZ 7421 from Doi Chiang Dao; B. Specimen CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang; C. Specimen CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; D. Specimen CUMZ 7423 from Wachirathan Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; E. Specimen CUMZ 7424 from Doi Inthanon, 2000 m a. s. l. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494367" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3B</figureCitation>
). CUMZ 7422 from 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4:F54C3D2CB721F4CDC62866D7AF8D860A" country="Thailand" county="Doi Chiang Dao" latitude="18.585695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.484276" municipality="Chiang Mai Province" name="Siribhum Waterfall" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Siribhum Waterfall</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4:DC809DF3F63AFC6D589BCC3E205228D5" country="Thailand" county="Doi Chiang Dao" latitude="18.585695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.484276" municipality="Chiang Mai Province" name="Doi Inthanon" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Doi Inthanon</location>
, 
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.5" value="18.546804">18°32'48.5&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="44.0" value="98.51222">98°30'44.0&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="2009-10-13" valueMax="2009-10-15" valueMin="2009-10-13">13-15 Oct. 2009</collectingDate>
, coll. 
<collectorName>C. Sutcharit</collectorName>
(71 shells; Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dicharax cucullatus from Chiang Mai Province A. Specimen CUMZ 7421 from Doi Chiang Dao; B. Specimen CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang; C. Specimen CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; D. Specimen CUMZ 7423 from Wachirathan Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; E. Specimen CUMZ 7424 from Doi Inthanon, 2000 m a. s. l. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494367" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A, B. Dicharax cucullatus, specimens CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province; A. With operculum; C, D. Dicharax notus C. Syntype NHMUK 1903.7.1.3065; D. Specimen CUMZ 7425 from Tham Luang Sa Koen, Nan Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (C.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494368" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A, B</figureCitation>
). CUMZ 7423 from 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4:B2600674D13F60E53D8872EF833881AA" country="Thailand" county="Doi Chiang Dao" latitude="18.585695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.484276" municipality="Chiang Mai Province" name="Wachirathan Waterfall" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Wachirathan Waterfall</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4:F773450A9508A7BE1B23F1E2F01ED6DE" country="Thailand" county="Doi Chiang Dao" latitude="18.585695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.484276" municipality="Chiang Mai Province" name="Doi Inthanon" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Doi Inthanon</location>
, 
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="31.0" value="18.541945">18°32'31.0&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.8" value="98.59828">98°35'53.8&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="2015-01-21">21 Jan. 2015</collectingDate>
, coll. 
<collectorName>P. 
<collectorName>Jirapatrasilp, R</collectorName>
</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Srisonchai, W</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Siriwut, T</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Seesamut, C</collectorName>
. Sutcharit (10 shells; Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dicharax cucullatus from Chiang Mai Province A. Specimen CUMZ 7421 from Doi Chiang Dao; B. Specimen CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang; C. Specimen CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; D. Specimen CUMZ 7423 from Wachirathan Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; E. Specimen CUMZ 7424 from Doi Inthanon, 2000 m a. s. l. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494367" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3D</figureCitation>
). CUMZ 7424 from 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E64839C4C6075B7A80C6684D5F22F4E4:2AABCADB7F62F1F3A58D1BA5FF00DCE4" country="Thailand" county="Doi Chiang Dao" latitude="18.585695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.484276" municipality="Chiang Mai Province" name="Doi Inthanon" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Doi Inthanon</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2,000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l, 
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="08.5" value="18.585695">18°35'08.5&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="03.4" value="98.484276">98°29'03.4&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="2015-01-21">21 Jan. 2015</collectingDate>
, coll. 
<collectorName>P. 
<collectorName>Jirapatrasilp, R</collectorName>
</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Srisonchai, W</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Siriwut, T</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Seesamut, C</collectorName>
. Sutcharit (3 shells; Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dicharax cucullatus from Chiang Mai Province A. Specimen CUMZ 7421 from Doi Chiang Dao; B. Specimen CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang; C. Specimen CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; D. Specimen CUMZ 7423 from Wachirathan Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; E. Specimen CUMZ 7424 from Doi Inthanon, 2000 m a. s. l. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494367" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3E</figureCitation>
). CUMZ 7432 from Doi Inthanon, ~
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="m" value="1850.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1700.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="m" value="1850.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1700.0">1,700-2,000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l, 
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="08.5" value="18.585695">18°35'08.5&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="03.4" value="98.484276">98°29'03.4&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate value="2020-10-05" valueMax="2020-10-06" valueMin="2020-10-05">5-6 Oct. 2020</collectingDate>
, coll. 
<collectorName>P. 
<collectorName>Jirapatrasilp, A</collectorName>
</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Pholyotha, W</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Siriwut, N</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName>Likhitrakarn, C</collectorName>
. Sutcharit (
<specimenCount type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol; Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Living Dicharax specimens. A. Dicharax cucullatus, specimen CUMZ 7432 from Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province; B. Dicharax notus, specimen CUMZ 7425 from Tham Luang Sa Koen, Nan Province. Both photographed in the laboratory. Not to scale. Photo: A. Pholyotha." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494369" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5A</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494367" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dicharax cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.</emphasis>
Specimen CUMZ 7421 from Doi Chiang Dao; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B.</emphasis>
Specimen CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.</emphasis>
Specimen CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.</emphasis>
Specimen CUMZ 7423 from Wachirathan Waterfall, Doi Inthanon; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E.</emphasis>
Specimen CUMZ 7424 from Doi Inthanon, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
a.s.l. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell medium-sized (SH up to 3.5 mm, SW up to 5.5 mm), depressed-conical. Spire ca. 1/5 of shell height. R1 with regular, strong ribs; R2 longer than R3; R2 with 49-57 ribs. R3 with sharp swelling near aperture. Aperture round. Inner peristome with four to five indentations, always with parieto-columellar indentation, sometimes weak at basal. Outer peristome fringed, slightly reflected but not conspicuous. Umbilicus round. Operculum multispiral with elevated lamella.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Shan State, Myanmar (
<bibRefCitation author="Gude, GK" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Gude, GK, 1921. The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca - III. Land Operculates. Taylor and Francis, London" title="The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca - III. Land Operculates." year="1921">Gude 1921</bibRefCitation>
), and Chiang Mai Province, Thailand.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species was originally described from Shan State and diagnosed by its fringed peristome with five indentations (
<bibRefCitation author="Theobald, W" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="395 - 402" refId="B61" refString="Theobald, W, 1870. Descriptions of new species of land shells from the Shan States and Pegu. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 39: 395 - 402" title="Descriptions of new species of land shells from the Shan States and Pegu." volume="39" year="1870">Theobald 1870</bibRefCitation>
). Later, 
<bibRefCitation author="Godwin-Austen, HH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B19" refString="Godwin-Austen, HH, 1914. Land and freshwater mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burma, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malaya Peninsula, Ceylon and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 2, Part 12: 311-442." title="Land and freshwater mollusca of India, including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burma, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malaya Peninsula, Ceylon and other islands of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 2, Part 12: 311 - 442." year="1914">Godwin-Austen (1914)</bibRefCitation>
described 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus davisi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="davisi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus davisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a less fringed peristome with four indentations from Siam and Shan State boundary. Upon examining the type specimens, both species agree in having a depressed-conical shell shape, a long R2 and a sharp swelling of R3 near the aperture (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dicharax cucullatus A. Syntype of Alycaeus cucullatus, NHMUK 1888.12.4.951; B. Syntype of Alycaeus davisi, NHMUK 1903.7.1.1630; C, D. Specimens CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang, Chiang Mai Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (A, B.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494366" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A, B</figureCitation>
). The types of 
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. cucullatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from those of 
<taxonomicName genus="A." lsidName="A. davisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="davisi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. davisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a more fringed peristome and more indentations. However, based on recently collected specimens, we conclude that this variation is to be interpreted as intraspecific as we found that this crenulation may vary even within the same population from nearly smooth (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A, B. Dicharax cucullatus, specimens CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province; A. With operculum; C, D. Dicharax notus C. Syntype NHMUK 1903.7.1.3065; D. Specimen CUMZ 7425 from Tham Luang Sa Koen, Nan Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (C.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494368" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A</figureCitation>
) via slight (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A, B. Dicharax cucullatus, specimens CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province; A. With operculum; C, D. Dicharax notus C. Syntype NHMUK 1903.7.1.3065; D. Specimen CUMZ 7425 from Tham Luang Sa Koen, Nan Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (C.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494368" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B</figureCitation>
) to strong (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dicharax cucullatus A. Syntype of Alycaeus cucullatus, NHMUK 1888.12.4.951; B. Syntype of Alycaeus davisi, NHMUK 1903.7.1.1630; C, D. Specimens CUMZ 5071 from Tham Ban Luang, Doi Ang Khang, Chiang Mai Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (A, B.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494366" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C, D</figureCitation>
). Because both species were described from the same geographical region, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus davisi" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="davisi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus davisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is herein regarded as a junior subjective synonym of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Refer to Discussion regarding the color of living specimen and variation in spiral striation.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494368" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dicharax cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimens CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.</emphasis>
With operculum; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax notus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="notus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dicharax notus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.</emphasis>
Syntype NHMUK 1903.7.1.3065; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.</emphasis>
Specimen CUMZ 7425 from Tham Luang Sa Koen, Nan Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494369" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Living 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kobelt &amp; Moellendorff" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dicharax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dicharax cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen CUMZ 7432 from Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax notus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="notus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dicharax notus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen CUMZ 7425 from Tham Luang Sa Koen, Nan Province. Both photographed in the laboratory. Not to scale. Photo: A. Pholyotha.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Dicharax" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax cucullatus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dicharax cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from other species with similar shell shape and fringed peristome, i.e. 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. anthostoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="anthostoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. anthostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
, 1885) (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 124" refId="B45" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Hunyadi, A, Do, DS, Naggs, F, Asami, T, 2017. Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus. Zootaxa 4331: 1 - 124, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1" title="Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1" volume="4331" year="2017">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
et al. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 19a, b) from China, 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. ataranensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ataranensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. ataranensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Godwin-Austen, 1914) (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 220" refId="B47" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Sajan, S, Tripathy, B, Meng, K, Takahiro, A, Ablett, J, 2020b. Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue. ZooKeys 981: 1 - 220, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" title="Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" volume="981" year="2020 b">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
et al. 2020b
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 11, 12) from Myanmar and 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. fimbriatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. fimbriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 124" refId="B45" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Hunyadi, A, Do, DS, Naggs, F, Asami, T, 2017. Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus. Zootaxa 4331: 1 - 124, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1" title="Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1" volume="4331" year="2017">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
et al. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
: figs 35-37) from China and Vietnam in possessing a sharp swelling nearer to the aperture. In addition, 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. cucullatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. anthostoma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="anthostoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. anthostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having shorter distance between the inner and outer peristomes and from 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. ataranensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ataranensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. ataranensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in possessing a shorter R3. Although 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. tangmaiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tangmaiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. tangmaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Chen &amp; Zhang, 2001) (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 220" refId="B47" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Sajan, S, Tripathy, B, Meng, K, Takahiro, A, Ablett, J, 2020b. Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue. ZooKeys 981: 1 - 220, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" title="Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" volume="981" year="2020 b">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
et al. 2020b
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 14) from Tongmai Town, Bomi County, Tibet Autonomous Region, China is very similar to 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. cucullatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the distance between both 
<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
type localities is approximately 1,100 km. Thus, the status of 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. tangmaiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tangmaiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. tangmaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
needs further scrutiny.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Some specimens from Doi Inthanon possess a more depressed shell with a lower spire, a very low swelling of R3 and a nearly smooth inner peristome (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A, B. Dicharax cucullatus, specimens CUMZ 7422 from Siribhum Waterfall, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province; A. With operculum; C, D. Dicharax notus C. Syntype NHMUK 1903.7.1.3065; D. Specimen CUMZ 7425 from Tham Luang Sa Koen, Nan Province. Close-up images of the aperture not to scale. Photo: NHM (C.)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.97.59143.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/494368" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4A</figureCitation>
) very similar to 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. However, 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. cucullatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cucullatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. cucullatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. borealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. borealis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. by a round aperture and always having a parieto-columellar indentation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>