383 lines
36 KiB
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383 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c81147b7-467a-4477-a36e-76f3fd8358c7" ID-PMC="PMC7921074" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1019-93" ID-Pensoft-UUID="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" ID-PubMed="33688849" ID-ZooBank="740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1019-93" checkinTime="1614092297092" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Giron, Jennifer C. & Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2021" docId="373AD26035E55DE88C1F496B981C165A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1019: 93-140" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1019" docPubDate="2021-02-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" docTitle="Tobochares arawak Girón & Short 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="11FEE7B8-26B6-4CD5-8447-2470751E1A4F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" lastPageNumber="93" masterDocId="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" masterDocTitle="Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="93" pageNumber="93" updateTime="1668149822001" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA & Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-02-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1019</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>93</mods:start>
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<mods:end>140</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1019-93</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="179905051" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:11FEE7B8-26B6-4CD5-8447-2470751E1A4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/373AD26035E55DE88C1F496B981C165A" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/11FEE7B8-26B6-4CD5-8447-2470751E1A4F" authority="Girón & Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares arawak" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arawak" status="sp. nov.">Tobochares arawak</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="93">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figs 3C, E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 10A-C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 11M</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tobochares habitat in Guyana and Venezuela A, B habitat for T. arawak, Guyana, upper Potaro River (collecting event GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela, rock outcrop by Rio Cuchivero, (collecting event VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela Campamento Rio Aro (collecting event VZ 10 - 0711 - 01 B) F type locality and habitat for T. atures, Venezuela, Tobogan de la Selva (collecting event VZ 09 - 0114 - 01 F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512613" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 15A, B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Type material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Holotype</emphasis>
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(male)
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</emphasis>
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: "Guyana: Region VIII:
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="0.730" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="5.0121665">5°0.730'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="38.965" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-59.649418">59°38.965'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 585 m; Upper Potaro Camp I; ca. 7 Km NW of Chenapau; top of falls on Potaro River; seeps with roots and algae; 12.iii.2014; leg. Short, Salisbury, La Cruz; GY14-0312-01B" (CBDG).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Paratypes</emphasis>
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(127 exs.): Guyana: Region VIII
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</emphasis>
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: Same data as holotype (127, CBDG, SEMC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares arawak" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arawak">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares arawak</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be recognized by its strongly convex body in lateral view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10B</figureCitation>
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), accompanied by elytral punctation uniform in size and degree of impression, with serial punctures seemingly aligned in rows, not impressed to form grooves (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10A</figureCitation>
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); the interserial punctures are somewhat irregularly distributed in two or three rows (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10A</figureCitation>
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). The general habitus and punctation of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. arawak" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="arawak">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. arawak</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are similar to those of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kappel" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kappel">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. kappel</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kolokoe" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kolokoe">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. kolokoe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kappel" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kappel">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. kappel</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kolokoe" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kolokoe">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. kolokoe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the interserial punctures form only one or two irregular rows (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3H</figureCitation>
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). In
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10D</figureCitation>
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) the pronotal and elytral punctations are sharper than in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. arawak" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="arawak">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. arawak</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the apodemes of the median lobe are one fourth the length of the median lobe in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11N</figureCitation>
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), as opposed to half as long in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. arawak" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="arawak">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. arawak</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11M</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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Habitus of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. in the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A-C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. arawak" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="arawak">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. arawak</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">B</emphasis>
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lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">C</emphasis>
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ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">D-F</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">D</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">E</emphasis>
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lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">F</emphasis>
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ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figure 11.</emphasis>
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Aedeagi of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. benettii" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="benettii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. benettii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. goias" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="goias">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. goias</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="fusus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. fusus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">E</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pemon" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="pemon">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. pemon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. anthonyae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="anthonyae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. anthonyae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">G</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">H</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. communis" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="communis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. communis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">I</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. microps" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="microps">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. microps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">J</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">K</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. akoerio" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="akoerio">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. akoerio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">L</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kappel" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kappel">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. kappel</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">M</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. arawak" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="arawak">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. arawak</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">N</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. canaima" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="canaima">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. canaima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.1 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">E-N</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Size and form</emphasis>
|
||
: Body length 1.6-1.8 mm. Body elongate oval, strongly convex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Color and punctation</emphasis>
|
||
: Dorsal and ventral surfaces of body dark brown, with lateral margins of prothorax and elytra only slightly paler (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
); mouthparts yellow, with slightly darker apical third of maxillary palpomere IV; antennae brown; legs reddish to dark brown with paler tarsi (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ground punctation on head, pronotum and elytra moderately marked (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Eyes in dorsal view with anterior margin oblique (anteriorly directed), and outer margins slightly bulging from outline of head; in lateral view, eyes not emarginate (see Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Elytra with slightly defined rows of shallow serial punctures, not forming grooves (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10A</figureCitation>
|
||
); interserial punctures somewhat irregularly distributed in two or three rows (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Elevation of mesoventrite forming a very low transverse carina (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metaventrite with distinct median, longitudinal, narrow glabrous area extending along posterior half (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. arawak A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. canaima D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512608" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">10C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Abdominal ventrites uniformly and densely pubescent. Aedeagus (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11M</figureCitation>
|
||
). Basal piece 0.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of a paramere; parameres nearly 1/3 as narrow as greatest width of median lobe, with outer margins widely and uniformly convex, and rounded apex; median lobe roughly triangular, rounded and slightly pinched at apex; gonopore situated nearly at midlength of median lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Noun in apposition. Named after the Arawak, an indigenous tribe of northern South America.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares arawak" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arawak">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares arawak</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from the Upper Potaro region in Guyana. See Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">13</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="life history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Life history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
This species was collected in a wet seepage area along rocks at the margin of the Upper Potaro River. Specimens were collected by pulling back root mats and moss that were growing over the wet rock areas. See Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tobochares habitat in Guyana and Venezuela A, B habitat for T. arawak, Guyana, upper Potaro River (collecting event GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela, rock outcrop by Rio Cuchivero, (collecting event VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela Campamento Rio Aro (collecting event VZ 10 - 0711 - 01 B) F type locality and habitat for T. atures, Venezuela, Tobogan de la Selva (collecting event VZ 09 - 0114 - 01 F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512613" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">15A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512610" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp., including all previous (red) and new (yellow) records.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512612" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón & Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
habitat in Brazil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
type locality and habitat for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. benettii" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="benettii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. benettii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, seepage near Rio Preto de Eva (collecting event BR17-0610-01A)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">C</emphasis>
|
||
type locality and habitat for
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. goias" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="goias">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. goias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, margin of Balneario Lejas (collecting event BR18-0304-02B)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">D</emphasis>
|
||
habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kusad" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="kusad">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. kusad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. sipaliwini" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="sipaliwini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. sipaliwini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, State of Roraima, near Usina de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jatapú">Jatapu</normalizedToken>
|
||
reservoir (collecting Event BR18-0117-01A)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">E</emphasis>
|
||
habitat and type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. romanoae" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="romanoae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. romanoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. sipaliwini" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="sipaliwini">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. sipaliwini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, State of Roraima, Serra do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tepequém">Tepequem</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Igarape Preto Negro, Cachoeira Leje Preta (collecting event BR18-0114-04B)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">F</emphasis>
|
||
type locality and habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. fusus" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="fusus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. fusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, State of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Calcoene (collecting event BR18-0721-02B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |