treatments-xml/data/03/EA/87/03EA87A5FF9E1211F3988BBA3165F2F3.xml
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<document id="426BD5AA7B47D1D63BC5E53D60780E3B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b3e7716-1099-48ca-803b-620c25d788f1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="265809" ID-ZooBank="D598E724-C9E4-4BBA-B25D-511300A47B1D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461050759050" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duellman, William E., Marion, Angela B. &amp; Hedges, Blair" docDate="2016" docId="03EA87A5FF9E1211F3988BBA3165F2F3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4104.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4104 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hylinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFD3FFDDFFA91229F30F8D5E333EF35E" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)" masterLastPageNumber="109" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="56" updateTime="1698579563523" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="51881FC6D3EB7E5FC7B3AA7831AD45D3">Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BD33CC7D3D841AE2CB425054A7FC9B1A">Duellman, William E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A48FC0A5914D59F61ABDFEF90F56E0FF">Marion, Angela B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C5303BA78081618BF395E7840B769DD4">Hedges, Blair</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5A4C2A2FBEDAD98C2995EC9E3DC3DA57">2016</mods:date>
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<heading id="D0B481DFFF9E121EF3988BBA324AF5A0" bold="true" box="[151,372,1764,1790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9E121EF3988BBA324AF5A0" bold="true" box="[151,372,1764,1790]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
Holarctic
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9E121EF21C8BBA324AF5A0" ID-CoL="JQN" box="[275,372,1764,1790]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hylinae">Hylinae</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FF9E121EF3988A793095F4F3" blockId="55.[151,1436,1831,2037]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
The predominantly Eurasian
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9E121EF2D08A79312BF41E" box="[479,533,1831,1856]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9E121EF2D08A79312BF41E" box="[479,533,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Hyla</emphasis>
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split from the predominantly North American
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9E121EF7268A793794F41E" box="[1065,1194,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Dryophytes</emphasis>
in the Miocene, 22.6 Mya, with the former genus dispersing throughout Eurasia. Subsequent aridification of much of central Asia resulted there in a western clade of eight species of
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF9E121EF1ED8A313027F4D6" box="[738,793,1903,1928]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9E121EF1ED8A313027F4D6" box="[738,793,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Hyla</emphasis>
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in what is now Europe and southwestern Asia and a farremoved eastern clade in temperate and subtropical southeastern Asia.
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<paragraph id="8BFC36B3FF9E1211F3C88AE63775F243" blockId="55.[151,1436,1831,2037]" lastBlockId="56.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
Also in the mid-Miocene 15.4 (13.617.3) Mya, the clade that remained in North
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF9E121EF7968AE637C7F48F" box="[1177,1273,1976,2001]" name="United States of America" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">America</collectingCountry>
differentiated genetically, and evolved into what is recognized as
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF9E121EF1D28A82305BF4AB" box="[733,869,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Dryophytes,</emphasis>
which occurs throughout temperate eastern North
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF911211F3988DC933C5F3EE" box="[151,251,151,176]" name="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">America</collectingCountry>
. Our analysis shows that a stock of
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF911211F1888DC93036F3EE" box="[647,776,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Dryophytes</emphasis>
dispersed westward across the Bering Land Bridge to Asia in the late Miocene 8.7 (6.610.9) Mya. This stock differentiated into three species in eastern Asia (including
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF911211F3988DBE33E5F3A6" box="[151,219,224,248]" name="Japan" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Japan</collectingCountry>
), the
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF911211F2128D813106F3A6" box="[285,568,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Dryophytes immaculatus</emphasis>
Group. The closest relatives of this group, the
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF911211F76C8D81367DF3A6" box="[1123,1347,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Dryophytes eximius</emphasis>
Group, principally inhabited the pine forests from southwestern
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF911211F01E8C5A3098F242" box="[785,934,260,285]" name="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">United States</collectingCountry>
to
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.
</paragraph>
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Thus there were two dispersals of hylid frogs across the Bering Land Bridge; temporally these are: (1)
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF911211F66A8C7936A5F21E" box="[1381,1435,295,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF911211F66A8C7936A5F21E" box="[1381,1435,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Hyla</emphasis>
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from east to west, and (2)
<emphasis id="B937EAA1FF911211F2B18C123101F23B" box="[446,575,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Dryophytes</emphasis>
from west to east. In contrast to their Middle American relatives, no lineage of hylines in North
<collectingCountry id="F3547623FF911211F2728C3132E0F2D6" box="[381,478,367,392]" name="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">America</collectingCountry>
inhabited streams, a habitat that is plentiful in the Appalachian, Rocky, and
<taxonomicName id="4C434D30FF911211F6568C3136A2F2D6" box="[1369,1436,367,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyliola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="56" pageNumber="92" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sierra">Sierra</taxonomicName>
Nevada mountain ranges, among others.
</paragraph>
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