plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/A6/89/03A689729818FFC206D870B3D1B3FA3F.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

340 lines
33 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090-402.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5f10376b-c1d4-42b7-8ee4-d6c4a3472e1e" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4612610" checkinTime="1615993397572" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Díaz-Nieto, Juan F. &amp; Voss, Robert S." docDate="2016" docId="03A689729818FFC206D870B3D1B3FA3F" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2016.402.1-70.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2016 (402)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/0003-0090-402.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C5E2DA72A22EF33813C92A197453A310.3:BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="C5E2DA72A22EF33813C92A197453A310" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2011-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Marmosa (Sciophanes) Diaz-Nieto 2016" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="FF9FF10A9817FFD2067F711CD273FF87" masterDocTitle="A Revision Of The Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosops, Part 1. Species Of The Subgenus Sciophanes" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1667536789672" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A Revision Of The Didelphid Marsupial Genus Marmosops, Part 1. Species Of The Subgenus Sciophanes</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Díaz-Nieto, Juan F.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2016-05-11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>2016</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>402</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>72</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/0003-0090-402.1.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0090-402.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">5f10376b-c1d4-42b7-8ee4-d6c4a3472e1e</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4612610</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4630909" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180670574" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4630909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A689729818FFC206D870B3D1B3FA3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A689729818FFC206D870B3D1B3FA3F" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<subSubSection box="[167,648,431,455]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="15.[167,648,431,455]" box="[167,648,431,455]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading box="[167,648,431,455]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
Subgenus
<taxonomicName authority="Diaz-Nieto et al., 2016" authorityName="Diaz-Nieto" authorityYear="2016" box="[278,648,431,455]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[278,395,431,455]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
Díaz-Nieto et al., 2016
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="15.[144,673,481,1762]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<collectionCode box="[176,331,481,505]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus box="[176,232,482,505]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">TYPE</typeStatus>
SPECIES
</collectionCode>
:
<taxonomicName authority="(Tate, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="Tate" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvidens">
<emphasis box="[350,597,481,505]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Marmosops parvidens</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Tate, G. H. H." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref39242" refString="Tate, G. H. H. 1931. Brief diagnoses of 26 apparently new forms of Marmosa (Marsupialia) from South America. American Museum Novitates 493: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1931">Tate, 1931</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by original designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[144,673,481,1762]" box="[176,673,547,571]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">CONTENTS: Twelve species as described below.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="15.[144,673,481,1762]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
DESCRIPTION: Combined length of head and body usually &lt;
<quantity box="[305,396,614,638]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 mm</quantity>
and adult weight usually &lt;
<quantity box="[158,203,647,671]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="g" value="30.0">30 g</quantity>
(except in
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Allen and Chapman" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[319,496,647,670]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carri">
<emphasis box="[319,496,647,670]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Marmosops carri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[547,666,647,671]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis box="[547,666,647,671]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both of which are substantially larger). Gular gland absent in all examined material. Lateral carpal tubercles consistently present in mature adult males; forearm with two widely separated antebrachial vibrissae. Mammae 3–1–3 = 7 or 4–1–4 = 9, all abdominal-inguinal (but note that mammary morphology is unknown for
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[511,633,878,902]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscatus">M. fuscatus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tate" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juninensis">M. juninensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[259,357,912,935]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ojastii">M. ojastii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName box="[368,527,911,935]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pakaraimae">
<emphasis box="[368,527,911,935]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. pakaraimae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Díaz-Nieto &amp; Voss" authorityYear="2016" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magdalenae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. magdalenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Scrotal integument consistently unpigmented and covered with self-whitish fur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[144,673,481,1762]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Nasals laterally expanded at or near maxillaryfrontal suture (except in
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Allen and Chapman" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[406,493,1044,1067]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carri">
<emphasis box="[406,493,1044,1067]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. carri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[545,666,1043,1067]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis box="[545,666,1043,1067]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which have very narrow, almost parallel-sided nasals). Interorbital region with rounded or squared supraorbital margins, without distinct beading and without distinct postorbital processes. Fenestra in parietal-squamosal suture consistently present; subsquamosal foramen anteroposteriorly elongate, exposing lateral surface of petrosal pars canalicularis behind sulcus for prootic sinus. Incisive foramina short, extending posteriorly between but not behind C1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[144,673,481,1762]" lastBlockId="15.[720,1249,250,1762]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Upper canine (C1) with accessory cusps in one or both sexes (males of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Allen and Chapman" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[444,625,1441,1464]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carri">
<emphasis box="[444,625,1441,1464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Marmosops carri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[144,277,1473,1497]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis box="[144,277,1473,1497]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lack C1 accessory cusps). Upper third molar (M3) with or without complete anterior cingulum (anterolabial cingulum and preprotocrista discontinuous in some species). Lower canine (c1) premolariform (procumbent, subequal in height to p1, and provided with a posterior accessory cusp) in most species (but not in males of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Allen and Chapman" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[320,409,1705,1728]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carri">
<emphasis box="[320,409,1705,1728]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. carri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[466,591,1705,1729]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis box="[466,591,1705,1729]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which have taller c1s that lack accessory cusps). Lower first molar (m1) entoconid and adjacent lower second molar (m2) paraconid subequal in height in some species, but m1 entoconid shorter than m2 paraconid in others.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[720,1249,250,1762]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
COMPARISONS WITH THE NOMINOTYPICAL SUBGENUS: As explained by
<bibRefCitation author="Diaz-Nieto, J. F. &amp; S. A. Jansa &amp; R. S. Voss" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="914 - 940" refId="ref36051" refString="Diaz-Nieto, J. F., S. A. Jansa, and R. S. Voss. 2016 a. DNA sequencing reveals unexpected Recent diversity and an ancient dichotomy in the American marsupial genus Marmosops (Didelphidae: Thylamyini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176: 914 - 940." type="journal article" year="2016">Díaz-Nieto et al. (2016a)</bibRefCitation>
, species of
<taxonomicName box="[927,1044,448,472]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[927,1044,448,472]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be unambiguously distinguished from species in the subgenus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1916" box="[720,844,515,538]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[720,844,515,538]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Marmosops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the morphology of the subsquamosal foramen (anteroposteriorly elongate in
<taxonomicName box="[720,836,580,604]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[720,836,580,604]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, anteroposteriorly constricted in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1916" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Marmosops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; fig. 9), C1 accessory cusps (present in one or both sexes in
<taxonomicName box="[978,1097,646,670]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[978,1097,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, consistently absent in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1916" box="[841,968,680,703]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[841,968,680,703]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Marmosops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and number of antebrachial vibrissae (two in
<taxonomicName box="[1033,1153,712,736]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[1033,1153,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, one in most
<taxonomicName authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1916" box="[783,907,746,769]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[783,907,746,769]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Marmosops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). However, the two subgenera also differ in their modal expression of other characters. In particular, most species of
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are small (HBL usually &lt;
<quantity box="[1072,1165,845,869]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 mm</quantity>
, weight usually &lt;
<quantity box="[824,877,878,902]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="g" value="30.0">30 g</quantity>
), whereas most members of the nominotypical subgenera are substantially larger. There is some size overlap, however, because two species of
<taxonomicName box="[835,952,977,1001]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[835,952,977,1001]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Allen and Chapman" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[970,1059,978,1001]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carri">
<emphasis box="[970,1059,978,1001]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. carri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1117,1242,977,1001]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis box="[1117,1242,977,1001]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see below) are large, and because some species in the nominotypical subgenus (e.g.,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tate" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[1109,1241,1043,1067]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
<emphasis box="[1109,1241,1043,1067]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. ocellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see
<bibRefCitation author="Voss, R. S. &amp; T. Tarifa &amp; E. Yensen" box="[760,937,1076,1100]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref40060" refString="Voss, R. S., T. Tarifa, and E. Yensen. 2004. An introduction to Marmosops (Marsupialia: Didelphidae), with the description of a new species from Bolivia and notes on the taxonomy and distribution of other Bolivian forms. American Museum Novitates 3466: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="2004">Voss et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
) are smaller than the subgeneric average. Nevertheless, wherever the two subgenera occur together (along the Rio Juruá, for example;
<bibRefCitation author="Patton, J. L. &amp; M. N. F. da Silva &amp; J. R. Malcolm" box="[863,1063,1175,1200]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref38351" refString="Patton, J. L., M. N. F. da Silva, and J. R. Malcolm. 2000. Mammals of the Rio Jurua and the evolutionary and ecological diversification of Amazonia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 244: 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2000">Patton et al., 2000</bibRefCitation>
), species of
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are always smaller than sympatric members of the nominotypical subgenus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[720,1249,250,1762]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Another potentially useful character for subgeneric identification is the morphology of the lower canine (c1), which is small (subequal in height to p1) and premolariform (with a well-developed posterior accessory cusp) in both sexes of most species of
<taxonomicName box="[835,950,1440,1464]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[835,950,1440,1464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. By contrast, c1 is a larger tooth (always distinctly taller than p1) and often lacks a distinct posterior accessory cusp in members of the nominotypical subgenus. The noteworthy exceptions in this context are male specimens of the largest species of
<taxonomicName box="[980,1094,1605,1629]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[980,1094,1605,1629]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Allen and Chapman" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[1112,1200,1606,1629]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carri">
<emphasis box="[1112,1200,1606,1629]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. carri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[720,847,1639,1663]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis box="[720,847,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">M. fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), in which c1 is taller than p1 and lacks a distinct posterior accessory cusp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[720,1249,250,1762]" lastBlockId="16.[144,672,1076,1761]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Among external traits that are sometimes observed in the nominotypical subgenus, no spe- cies of
<taxonomicName box="[226,344,1076,1100]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[226,344,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a gular gland, and none has dark-furred hind feet, “pectoral” mammae, or pigmented scrotal epithelium. Additionally, no species of
<taxonomicName box="[304,422,1175,1199]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[304,422,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has distinctly beaded supraorbital margins, develops postorbital processes, has long incisive foramina (extending behind the upper canines), or lacks a fenestra in the squamosal-parietal suture.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612642" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4612642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4612642/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[144,186,915,936]" targetBox="[169,1220,252,882]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph blockId="16.[144,1249,913,1055]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
FIG. 9. Lateral view of posterior braincase of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pine" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[609,954,913,937]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinheiroi" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[609,954,913,937]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Marmosops (Sciophanes) pinheiroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" box="[969,993,913,937]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A,</emphasis>
AMNH 267345) and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tschudi" baseAuthorityYear="1844" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="noctivagus" subGenus="Marmosops">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. (M.) noctivagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis bold="true" box="[316,338,943,967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B,</emphasis>
MUSM 13288) illustrating diagnostic subgeneric morphologies of the squamosal (green) and petrosal (yellow). Abbreviations:
<emphasis bold="true" box="[518,553,972,996]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">als,</emphasis>
alisphenoid;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[686,728,972,996]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">exo,</emphasis>
exoccipital;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[852,900,972,996]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">lspc,</emphasis>
lateral surface of
<emphasis box="[1076,1248,972,996]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">pars canalicularis</emphasis>
(of petrosal);
<emphasis bold="true" box="[286,327,1002,1026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">par,</emphasis>
parietal;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[427,467,1002,1026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">pet,</emphasis>
petrosal;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[571,611,1002,1026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sps,</emphasis>
sulcus for the prootic sinus (of petrosal);
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1054,1083,1002,1026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sq,</emphasis>
squamosal;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1214,1248,1001,1025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">ssf,</emphasis>
subsquamosal foramen;
<emphasis bold="true" box="[392,433,1031,1055]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">zps,</emphasis>
zygomatic process of the squamosal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="16.[144,672,1076,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
REMARKS: The monophyly of
<taxonomicName box="[523,644,1340,1364]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[523,644,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is strongly supported by taxon-dense phylogenetic analyses of both nuclear and mitochondrial genes (
<bibRefCitation author="Diaz-Nieto, J. F. &amp; S. A. Jansa &amp; R. S. Voss" box="[221,492,1439,1463]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="914 - 940" refId="ref36051" refString="Diaz-Nieto, J. F., S. A. Jansa, and R. S. Voss. 2016 a. DNA sequencing reveals unexpected Recent diversity and an ancient dichotomy in the American marsupial genus Marmosops (Didelphidae: Thylamyini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176: 914 - 940." type="journal article" year="2016">Díaz-Nieto et al., 2016a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Diaz-Nieto, J. F. &amp; S. A. Jansa &amp; R. S. Voss" box="[505,577,1439,1463]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref36108" refString="Diaz-Nieto, J. F., S. A. Jansa, and R. S. Voss. 2016 b. Phylogenetic relationships of Chacodelphys (Marsupialia: Didelphidae) based on &quot; ancient &quot; DNA sequences. Journal of Mammalogy [doi. org / 10.1093 / jmammal / gyv 197]." type="book" year="2016">2016b</bibRefCitation>
). Unfortunately, taxon-dense phylogenetic analyses incorporating morphological characters have yet to be completed, so it is not known which (if any) of the diagnostic external and craniodental traits described above might optimize as subgeneric synapomorphies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="16.[144,672,1076,1761]" lastBlockId="16.[720,1249,1076,1464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
The same molecular analyses that provided strong support for the monophyly of
<taxonomicName box="[553,672,1704,1728]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Sciophanes">
<emphasis box="[553,672,1704,1728]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sciophanes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also recovered three well-supported species groups within this subgenus.
<bibRefCitation author="Diaz-Nieto, J. F. &amp; S. A. Jansa &amp; R. S. Voss" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="914 - 940" refId="ref36051" refString="Diaz-Nieto, J. F., S. A. Jansa, and R. S. Voss. 2016 a. DNA sequencing reveals unexpected Recent diversity and an ancient dichotomy in the American marsupial genus Marmosops (Didelphidae: Thylamyini). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 176: 914 - 940." type="journal article" year="2016">Díaz-Nieto et al. (2016a</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 5) referred to these groups using alphabetical labels, for which we substitute other names in this report: the Fuscatus Group (for “clade A,” including
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Allen and Chapman" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[1010,1201,1209,1232]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carri">
<emphasis box="[1010,1201,1209,1232]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Marmosops carri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pine" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[831,972,1241,1265]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="handleyi">
<emphasis box="[831,972,1241,1265]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. handleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Goldman" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[1049,1181,1242,1265]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="invictus">
<emphasis box="[1049,1181,1242,1265]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. invictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the Bishopi Group (for “clade B,” including
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pine" baseAuthorityYear="1981" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bishopi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. bishopi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tate" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[768,916,1308,1331]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juninensis">
<emphasis box="[768,916,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. juninensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[930,1035,1308,1331]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ojastii">
<emphasis box="[930,1035,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. ojastii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and two new species), and the Parvidens Group (for “clade C,” including
<taxonomicName box="[832,999,1373,1397]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pakaraimae">
<emphasis box="[832,999,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. pakaraimae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tate" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[1012,1156,1373,1397]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvidens">
<emphasis box="[1012,1156,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. parvidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Marmosops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pinheiro">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. pinheiro</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
i). All three groups are morphologically diagnosable (table 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink