490 lines
46 KiB
XML
490 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.249.4138" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ea5c4dd3-2854-4b3f-b508-a963d249d593" ID-PMC="PMC3536011" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-249-1" ID-PubMed="23378798" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-249-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 249" ModsDocTitle="Description of Meloidoderita salina sp. n. (Nematoda, Sphaeronematidae) from a micro-tidal salt marsh at Mont-Saint-Michel Bay in France" checkinTime="1451247874854" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ashrafi, Samad, Mugniery, Didier, Heese, Evelyn YJ van, Aelst, Adriaan C. van, Helder, Johannes & Karssen, Gerrit" docDate="2012" docId="E4340AE0E36B491281AF6E06A2E54588" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 249: 1-26" docOrigin="ZooKeys 249" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.249.4138" docTitle="Meloidoderita salina Ashrafi, Mugniery, Heese, Aelst, Helder & Karssen, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFA0FFC7FFABFFE3FFAE0D4DFF91D500" masterDocTitle="Description of Meloidoderita salina sp. n. (Nematoda, Sphaeronematidae) from a micro-tidal salt marsh at Mont-Saint-Michel Bay in France" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1668154996284" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Description of Meloidoderita salina sp. n. (Nematoda, Sphaeronematidae) from a micro-tidal salt marsh at Mont-Saint-Michel Bay in France</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ashrafi, Samad</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mugniery, Didier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Heese, Evelyn YJ van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Aelst, Adriaan C. van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Helder, Johannes</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Karssen, Gerrit</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>249</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>26</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.249.4138</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.249.4138</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-249-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152039129" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:02A22EB6-85D4-4783-98AB-A6FA894EEAAD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E4340AE0E36B491281AF6E06A2E54588" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:02A22EB6-85D4-4783-98AB-A6FA894EEAAD" class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1-8Table 2
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="measurements">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Females, males and second-stage juveniles: See Table 2. Embryonated eggs (n= 44): Length: 102.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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5.0 (94.4-112)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; diam.: 41.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.9 (38.4-46.4)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; length/width ratio: 2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.2 (2.1-2.9). Cystoids (n=18): Length: 224
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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34.5 (176-336)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; Width: 187.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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33.1 (145.6-280)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; length/width ratio: 1.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.1 (1.0-1.7).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Female. Body swollen with a small posterior protuberance, pearly white to light brown, oval to pear-shaped. Neck region distinct, irregular shaped, usually twisted, 49 to 82
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in length (Figs 2, 8). Body cuticle thick, without annulation. Head continuous with body, without annules. Cephalic framework weakly developed, lip region flattened. Stylet well developed, with posteriorly sloping oval-shaped knobs; stylet cone longer than shaft, slightly curved dorsally, shaft cylindrical (Fig. 2C). Dorsal gland orifice (DGO) close to basal knobs; vestibule extension visible. Secretory-excretory (S-E) pore well developed with clear cuticular lobes, located posterior to the neck, about 35 (20-56)% from anterior end of body; S-E duct markedly sclerotized, running posteriorly. Pharyngeal lumen from stylet to valve of metacorpus prominent. Metacorpus usually oval-shaped, situated at the posterior part of neck region, with distinct sclerotized valve apparatus, distance from middle of metacorpus to anterior end about 58
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Posterior gland bulb extending into anterior portion of swollen body cavity. Reproductive system extending towards pharyngeal region, monodelphic,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="4" start="start">spermatheca</pageBreakToken>
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not observed; vulva with noticeable protruding lips, positioned usually at the posterior extremity of the body, rarely subterminal. Vulval lips forming thickened and muscular area around vulval slit (vulval area). Anus faint, opening pore-like, diffi
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">cult</pageBreakToken>
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to observe by LM, located at the base of dorsal vulval lip, apparently not functional (Figs 5E, 8C). Uterus swollen, prominent, bordered by a thick hyaline wall, becoming enlarged and filled with eggs, transforming into a cystoid within the female cuticle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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Male.Body slender, vermiform, tapering at both ends but more posteriorly, usually slightly curved ventrally at tail region. Cuticle marked by fine annulations, about 0.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Young males usually still enveloped in the last cuticle of second-stage juveniles (Fig. 4D). Lateral field beginning with 2 weak lines, roughly between head end and S-E pore level, and continuing with four weak lines behind S-E pore level.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
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continuous with body, rounded-conoid, without annules and separated lips, distinct but weak cephalic framework present; amphidial apertures slit-like, angled, adjacent to oral opening surrounded by a small elevated oral disc (Fig. 7B). Pharyngeal region degenerated except for the posterior bulb, no stylet observed. S-E pore well developed, adjacent to hemizonid. S-E duct strongly sclerotized anteriorly (Fig. 4E). Deirids small, located just above S-E pore level (Fig. 7C). Monorchic, outstretched, testis well developed, with small vas deferens about6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Spicules paired, equal, not fused, arcuate, with rounded manubrium. Gubernaculum slightly curved. Cloacal
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">tube</pageBreakToken>
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about 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Bursa-like structure visible by SEM (Fig. 7E). Phasmids small, posterior to cloacal opening. Tail conical, tapering to rounded terminus, marked with one or rarely two mucrones; if two are present, ventral mucro usually smaller; terminal mucro positioned ventrally, length 0.6‒3.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(Fig. 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="K–N">K-N</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">Second-stage</pageBreakToken>
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juvenile. Body slender, vermiform, tapering at both ends but more so posteriorly, slightly ventrally curved at tail region; cuticle with fine annulations, annules about 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Lateral field with two visible outer lines in some specimens; in SEM, lateral field starts with three lines about 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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from head at neck region, four lines at 20%, and five lines at 33% of body length. Head continuous with body, rounded-conoid with slightly elevated concave oral disc, with distinct but relatively weak cephalic framework, without annules; two open slit-like amphidial apertures adjacent to slightly elevated concave oral disc surrounding the oral aperture, as visible by SEM (Fig. 6A). Lips not visible as distinct structures. Stylet well developed; cone
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">tapering</pageBreakToken>
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towards fine point; shaft straight; knobs rounded, prominent, sloping slightly posteriorly, set off from shaft (Fig. 1D). DGO close to stylet base. Metacorpus slightly elongated, with weak valves. S-E pore posterior and adjacent to hemizonid, located at isthmus level; hemizonid 2-3 annules long (Fig. 3D). Isthmus slender, distinct. Pharyngeal glands slightly overlapping intestine ventrolaterally. Deirids small, located just above S-E pore level. Genital primordium located posteriorly at 68‒77% of body length. Anus small, weakly developed, obscure by LM, pore-like (Fig. 6E). Phasmids small, difficult to observe by LM, located at about 19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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from tail tip. Tail conical, slightly curved ventrally, tapering to finely pointed terminus, with finger-like projection. Hyaline tail part clearly delimitated anteriorly (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Cystoid. Irregularly spherical to oval, filled with embryonated and non-embryonated eggs. Colour ranging from light in young cystoids to brown in older cystoid bodies. Body wall thickness 5.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.2 (3.2-8.3)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, containing bead-like outgrowths, displaying a specific sub-cuticular hexagonal beaded pattern (Figs 5, 8).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Egg mass.Females and cystoids usually completely surrounded by a gelatinous matrix (egg-mass) measuring about 316
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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71.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in length and 275
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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54.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter (Fig. 5F).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Eggs. Oblong, translucent, egg shell without any visible markings, enveloped in a gelatinous matrix or within a cystoid.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="type host and locality">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type host and locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Collected from rhizosphere and roots of the salt marsh halophytic shrub
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Atriplex portulacoides" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portulacoides">Atriplex portulacoides</taxonomicName>
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L. (=
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Halimione" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Halimione portulacoides" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portulacoides">Halimione portulacoides</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Aell.), the most abundant species in ungrazed European salt marshes (
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<bibRefCitation author="Bouchard, V" journalOrPublisher="Nematologica" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" title="Fate of plant detritus in a European salt marsh dominated by Artiplex portulacoides (L.) Aellen. Hydrobiologia 373 - 374: 75 - 87." url="10.1023/A:1017026430513" year="1998">Bouchard et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
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), growing in cohesive muddy soil of the macro-tidal salt marshes of 'Le
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Vivier-sur-Mer’">Vivier-sur-Mer'</normalizedToken>
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at 48°36'32"N latitude and 1°47'00"W longitude at Mont-Saint-Michel bay, France.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="B50AB40306A047A29515FFFB30745898" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B50AB40306A047A29515FFFB30745898" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Table 2. Morphometrics of
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<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. All measurements are in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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and in the form: mean
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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SD (range).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<table pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="2">Character</th>
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<th colspan="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Female</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="2">Male Paratypes</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="2">J2 Paratypes</th>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Holotype</th>
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<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Paratypes</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Second-stage juvenile (J2) B Male C J2 anterior region D J2 stylet E Male within old J2 cuticle F J2 posterior region
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
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J2 Tail tip
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<normalizedToken originalValue="K–N">K-N</normalizedToken>
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Male posterior region.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A, B Female body (arrow = anus) C Female stylet D Female neck region E Cystoid F Female with egg-mass.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. LM photographs of second-stage juveniles. A Entire body B, C Anterior body (arrow =DGO) D S-E duct adjacent to hemizonid (arrow = S-E duct) E Basal bulb (arrow = hemizonid) F Mid-body portion (arrow = primordium) G-I Tail (arrow = anus). Scale bars: A =100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–I">B-I</normalizedToken>
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= 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. LM photographs of males. A Entire body B Male within the second-stage juvenile (J2) cuticle C Anterior body D Anterior body of male within the old cuticle of J2 (arrow = anterior portion of J2 stylet) E S-E duct F Posterior region G Testis H Spicule and cloacal tube (arrow) I Tail tip (arrow = mucron) J Posterior end of male within the old cuticle of J2. Scale bars: A, B = 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–J">C-J</normalizedToken>
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= 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Figure 5.
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<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. LM photographs of females. A, B Entire body (arrow = uterus) C Sub-terminal protruded vulva (arrow) D Head region (arrow = stylet) E Entire body (arrow = vulva) F Female surrounded by egg-mass G Cystoid H, I Hexagonal beaded pattern. Scale bars: F= 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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, E = 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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D,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
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= 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Holotype female (slide WT 3591) and paratypes (second-stage juveniles, females, cystoids and males) (slides WT 3592-WT 3595) deposited in the Wageningen Nematode Collection (WaNeCo), Wageningen, The Netherlands. Additional second-stage juvenile, female, cystoid and male paratypes deposited at each of the following collections: Biology Department, Gent University, Gent, Belgium; Central Science Laboratory (CSL), Sand Hutton, York, UK.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
The specific epithet refers to salty soil (saline environment) and is derived from the Latin word sal or salis meaning
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“salt”">"salt"</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis and relationships">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnosis and relationships.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is characterized by sedentary mature females having a small swollen body with a clear posterior protuberance, stylet 19.9 (19-22)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, stylet cone slightly curved dorsally and longer than shaft, with posteriorly sloping knobs, neck region irregular in shape and twisted, well developed S-E pore, prominent uterus bordered by a thick hyaline wall and filled with eggs.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is further distinguished by the cystoid having a unique sub-cuticular hexagonal beaded pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Male without stylet, pharyngeal region degenerated, S-E duct prominent, spicules 18.4 (15.3-21.1)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, deirids just above S-E pore level, small phasmids posteriorly to cloaca opening and situated at 5.9 (3.2-7.7)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
from tail end, conical tail ending in a rounded terminus with one (rarely two) ventrally positioned mucro.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Second-stage</pageBreakToken>
|
||
juvenile body is 470 (419-496)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long, with a 16.4 (14.7-17.3)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long developed stylet, prominent rounded knobs set off from the shaft, hemizonid anterior and adjacent to S-E pore, tail 38.7 (33.9-44.2)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long tapering to a finely pointed terminus with a finger-like projection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
On the basis of morphology, the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. resembles other species of the genus (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita kirjanovae" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kirjanovae">Meloidoderita kirjanovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita safrica" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="safrica">Meloidoderita safrica</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita polygoni" order="Rhabditida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="polygoni">Meloidoderita polygoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the shape of the neck region
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||
twisted, irregular and variable in size), the shape of the vulva (protruded), and the shape of the uterus (prominent, with large cells and a thick wall). Males of the four species are similar in lack of a stylet, degenerated pharyngeal region, the shape of the spicules (arcuate), the shape of the cloacal opening (ventrally protruded), and the shape of the tail (slightly curved ventrally, ending in a terminal mucro). Second-stage juveniles
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">have</pageBreakToken>
|
||
a continuous head region, weakly sclerotized cephalic framework, similar shape of the tail (conically tapering to a pointed terminus, often with a finger-like terminal mucro), obscure anus, and position of hemizonid (anterior and adjacent to S-E pore).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. differs from the previously described species by a smaller female body, a longer J2 body, the male with a longer body length and (except
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita kirjanovae" order="Rhabditida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kirjanovae">Meloidoderita kirjanovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">described</pageBreakToken>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Poghossian, EE" journalOrPublisher="from Russian) Akademi Nauka Armyanskoi SSR" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="252 - 255" title="Description of the male of Meloidoderita kirjanovae Poghossian, 1966 (Nematoda: Meloidoderitidae). (Transl." volume="60" year="1975">Poghossian (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) by the present of a bursa-like structure, and by having a smaller cystoid body with a unique body cuticle surface pattern (displaying a hexagonal beaded pattern vs a spine-like structure in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita kirjanovae" order="Rhabditida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kirjanovae">Meloidoderita kirjanovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita polygoni" order="Rhabditida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="polygoni">Meloidoderita polygoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita safrica" order="Rhabditida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="safrica">Meloidoderita safrica</taxonomicName>
|
||
). It also differs from them in known hosts and the saline habitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
The new speciesdiffers in other characters from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita kirjanovae" order="Rhabditida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kirjanovae">Meloidoderita kirjanovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by females having a longer stylet length and a much shorter distance from anus to vulval slit. Male differs from those characterized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Golden, AM" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="265 - 282" title="Description of Meloidoderita polygoni. n. sp. (Nematoda: Meloidoderitidae) from USA and Observations on M. kirjanovae from Israel and USSR." volume="16" year="1984">Golden and Handoo (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Vovlas, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="376 - 382" title="Characterization of the cystoid nematode Meloidoderita kirjanovae (Nematoda: Sphaeronematidae) from South Italy." volume="38" year="2006">Vovlas et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
by having longer spicules length (15.4-21.1 vs 13.4-16.1, and 13-15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, respectively), and by a lateral field with 2-4 vs 3 incisures, and 4 incisures in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita kirjanovae" order="Rhabditida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kirjanovae">Meloidoderita kirjanovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as redescribed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kirjanova, ES" journalOrPublisher="Parazitologiya" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="280 - 285" title="A redescription of Meloidoderita kirjanovae Poghossian, 1966 (Nematoda; Meloidoderitidae, fam. n.). (In Russian)." volume="7" year="1973">Kirjanova and Poghossian (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The second-stage juvenile of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita kirjanovae" order="Rhabditida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kirjanovae">Meloidoderita kirjanovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
characterized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Golden, AM" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="265 - 282" title="Description of Meloidoderita polygoni. n. sp. (Nematoda: Meloidoderitidae) from USA and Observations on M. kirjanovae from Israel and USSR." volume="16" year="1984">Golden and Handoo (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Siddiqi (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Vovlas, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="376 - 382" title="Characterization of the cystoid nematode Meloidoderita kirjanovae (Nematoda: Sphaeronematidae) from South Italy." volume="38" year="2006">Vovlas et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in having a longer stylet (14.7-17.3 vs 12.9-14
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
|
||
12-14, and 12-15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, respectively), lateral field (with 3-5 vs 3 incisures), a shorter hyaline tail with 6.4-9.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long vs 8.1-13.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long in those reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Golden, AM" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="265 - 282" title="Description of Meloidoderita polygoni. n. sp. (Nematoda: Meloidoderitidae) from USA and Observations on M. kirjanovae from Israel and USSR." volume="16" year="1984">Golden and Handoo (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 9-14
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long in
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Siddiqi (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and 14-15
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long in those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita kirjanovae" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="kirjanovae">Meloidoderita kirjanovae</taxonomicName>
|
||
re-described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kirjanova, ES" journalOrPublisher="Parazitologiya" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="280 - 285" title="A redescription of Meloidoderita kirjanovae Poghossian, 1966 (Nematoda; Meloidoderitidae, fam. n.). (In Russian)." volume="7" year="1973">Kirjanova and Poghossian (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Second-stage juveniles also differ from those reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Golden, AM" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="265 - 282" title="Description of Meloidoderita polygoni. n. sp. (Nematoda: Meloidoderitidae) from USA and Observations on M. kirjanovae from Israel and USSR." volume="16" year="1984">Golden and Handoo (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Vovlas, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="376 - 382" title="Characterization of the cystoid nematode Meloidoderita kirjanovae (Nematoda: Sphaeronematidae) from South Italy." volume="38" year="2006">Vovlas et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
by a shorter tail (33.9-44.1 vs 38-51, and 41-50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita safrica" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="safrica">Meloidoderita safrica</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the female having DGO closer to base of stylet (2.5-4.0 vs 8.1-22.1µm), shorter distance from vulval slit to anus (13.4-23.0 vs 22.4-24.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
), by the male having a shorter testis (62-137 vs 190-319
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
), and by the J2 having a longer distance from anterior end to base of pharynx (111-144 vs 51.8-75.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita polygoni" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="polygoni">Meloidoderita polygoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
females having a longer stylet (19.0-22.0 vs 15.0-17.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
), shorter distance from vulval slit to the anus (13.4-23.0 vs 32.0-86
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
), and a shorter vulval slit (16.0-22.5 vs 22.0-34.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
), and by the male without stylet vs visible anterior stylet part, a shorter tail (27.5-41.6 vs 32.0-56).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The new species is morphologically close related to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Secernentea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Sphaeronema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeronema" order="Tylenchida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Sphaeronema</taxonomicName>
|
||
, particularly to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Secernentea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Sphaeronema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeronema alni" order="Tylenchida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="alni">Sphaeronema alni</taxonomicName>
|
||
Turkina & Chizhov, 1986. According to their observed phylogenetic relationships, they form together a highly supported clade. The absence of a cystoid stage in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Secernentea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Sphaeronema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeronema" order="Tylenchida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Sphaeronema</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most import differences compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Meloidoderita</taxonomicName>
|
||
.Additionally
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Secernentea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Sphaeronema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeronema alni" order="Tylenchida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="alni">Sphaeronema alni</taxonomicName>
|
||
by females having a head region continuous with body vs head cap set off from neck and the lip region lacking annulations vs 2 annuli. The second-stage juveniles has a tail conically tapering to a pointed terminus, often with a finger-like projection, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Secernentea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Sphaeronema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeronema alni" order="Tylenchida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="alni">Sphaeronema alni</taxonomicName>
|
||
the tail tapers gradually to a finely rounded terminus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Figure 6.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. SEM photographs of second-stage juveniles. A Lateral view of head region B Amphids C Lateral field at 30
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
from anterior end D Lateral field at 33% of body length E Posterior region (arrow = anus) F Lateral view of tail region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Figure 7.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. SEM photographs ofmale. A, B Head region C Lateral field at S-E pore level (arrow = deirid) D Lateral view of tail region(arrow = phasmid) E Tail region (arrow = bursa-like structure) F Young male within the second-stage
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="juvenile’s">juvenile's</normalizedToken>
|
||
old cuticle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Figure 8.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.SEM photographs of female and cystoid. A Female body (arrows = S-E pore, anus) B Female body (arrow = S-E pore surrounded by cuticular lobes) C Vulva and anus D Young cystoid with irregular shaped neck region and surface displaying a beaded pattern E Sub-cuticular beaded pattern F Detail of surface markings in cystoid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="molecular characterization and phylogenetic position of m. salina sp. n">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Molecular characterization and phylogenetic position of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The nearly complete rDNA sequence length of SSU rDNA obtained for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. (GenBank FJ969126 and FJ969127) both spanned1728 bp. A local alignment (1883 aligned position) included 39 nearly full length SSU rDNA sequences from related taxa and representatives of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Secernentea" family="Neotylenchidae" genus="Ecphyadophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ecphyadophora" order="Tylenchida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Ecphyadophora</taxonomicName>
|
||
were selected as outgroup. The SSU rDNA sequence analysis and the gene tree represented by the Bayesian and RAxML trees (Fig. 9) revealed a robust sister relationship between the new species and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Secernentea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Sphaeronema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeronema alni" order="Tylenchida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="alni">Sphaeronema alni</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Criconematina" lsidName="Criconematina" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="genus">Criconematina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the two combined were positioned at the basal part of the local tree. The phylogenetic position of the suborder
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Criconematina" lsidName="Criconematina" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="genus">Criconematina</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been analyzed several times (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Subbotin, SA" journalOrPublisher="Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="927 - 944" title="Phylogeny of Criconematina Siddiqi, 1980 (Nematoda: Tylenchida) based on morphology and D 2 - D 3 expansion segments of the 28 S-rRNA gene sequences with application of a secondary structure model." url="10.1163/156854105776186307" volume="7" year="2005">Subbotin 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Vovlas, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="376 - 382" title="Characterization of the cystoid nematode Meloidoderita kirjanovae (Nematoda: Sphaeronematidae) from South Italy." volume="38" year="2006">Vovlas et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Holterman, M" journalOrPublisher="Phytopathology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="227 - 235" title="Small subunit rDNA-based phylogeny of the Tylenchida sheds light on relationships among some high-impact plant-parasitic nematodes and the evolution of plant feeding." url="10.1094/PHYTO-99-3-0227" volume="99" year="2009">Holterman et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="van Megen, H" journalOrPublisher="Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="927 - 950" title="A phyloge-netic tree of nematodes based on about 1200 full-length small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences." url="10.1163/156854109X456862" volume="11" year="2009">van Megen et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Palomares-Rius, JE" journalOrPublisher="Nematology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="649 - 659" title="Molecular and morphological characterization on Sphaeronema alni Turkina & Chizhov, 1986 (Nematoda: Sphaeronematidae) from Spain compared with a topotype population from Russia." url="10.1163/138855410X489338" volume="12" year="2010">Palomares-Ruis et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, for conclusive statements on the positioning of this genus among the
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Criconematina" lsidName="Criconematina" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="genus">Criconematina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, more rDNA sequence from representatives of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Meloidoderita</taxonomicName>
|
||
are required. Further phylogenetic analyses using SSU rDNA and more taxon sampling are needed to infer intra-generic relationships and the position of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Chromadorea" family="Tylenchulidae" genus="Meloidoderita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Meloidoderita salina" order="Rhabditida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="salina">Meloidoderita salina</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. within the
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Criconematina" lsidName="Criconematina" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="genus">Criconematina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 9. Phylogenetic relationships as inferred from nearly full length of SSU rDNA sequence using GTR + I + G model. Dataset obtained sequences were aligned with the ClustalW algorithm. Numbers near the nodes indicate posterior probabilities in the Bayesian tree (A) and ML tree (B) as implemented in the program BioEdit 7.0.1. Newly generated SSU rDNA sequences are labeled with a (#).</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |