treatments-xml/data/03/FB/87/03FB878DFF879E58A82CF9E856FFCEEA.xml

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<mods:title>Description of the pupal exuviae of some species belonging to Orthocladius s. str. van der Wulp, 1874 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), with a new key to species of West Palaearctic region</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bruno Rossaro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Carlotta Casalegno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2001</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2001-08-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number>7</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4618447</mods:identifier>
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<taxonomicName authority="Kieffer, 1915" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1915" box="[264,678,1633,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Orthocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rivinus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[264,515,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Orthocladius rivinus</emphasis>
Kieffer, 
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="10.[264,1208,1708,1806]" box="[264,520,1708,1731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName authority="Kieffer, 1915" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1915" box="[264,520,1708,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Orthocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rivinus">
<emphasis box="[264,371,1708,1731]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<collectingCountry box="[264,286,1708,1731]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">O</collectingCountry>
. rivinus
</emphasis>
Kieffer, 
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</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName authority="Pe" authorityName="Pe" box="[264,445,1745,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Orthocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[264,405,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Orthocladius</emphasis>
Pe
</taxonomicName>
<number box="[452,467,1745,1768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="3.0">3</number>
, 
<treatmentCitation author="Langton, P. H." box="[478,688,1745,1768]" page="" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation author="Langton, P. H." bookContentInfo="324 pp." box="[478,688,1745,1768]" firstAuthor="Langton" page="150" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref12080" refString="Langton, P. H. (1984) A Key to Pupal Exuviae of British Chironomidae. Privately published by the author. 324 pp." title="A Key to Pupal Exuviae of British Chironomidae" type="book" year="1984">
Langton, 
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: 
<number box="[648,688,1745,1768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="150.0">150</number>
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Langton, P. H. &amp; Cranston, P. S." box="[702,909,1745,1768]" firstAuthor="Langton" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" page="186" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="239 - 252" part="16" refId="ref12035" refString="Langton, P. H. &amp; Cranston, P. S. (1991) Pupae in nomenclature and identification: West Palaearctic Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera: Chironomidae) revised. Systematic Entomology, 16, 239 - 252." title="Pupae in nomenclature and identification: West Palaearctic Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera: Chironomidae) revised" type="journal article" year="1991">
Langton 
<number box="[799,856,1745,1768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1991.0">1991</number>
: 
<number box="[866,909,1745,1768]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="186.0">186</number>
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; 
<bibRefCitation author="Langton, P. H. &amp; Cranston, P. S." box="[920,1200,1745,1768]" firstAuthor="Langton" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="239 - 252" part="16" refId="ref12035" refString="Langton, P. H. &amp; Cranston, P. S. (1991) Pupae in nomenclature and identification: West Palaearctic Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera: Chironomidae) revised. Systematic Entomology, 16, 239 - 252." title="Pupae in nomenclature and identification: West Palaearctic Orthocladius s. str. (Diptera: Chironomidae) revised" type="journal article" year="1991">
Langton &amp; Cranston 
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)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[264,1208,1708,1806]" box="[264,819,1783,1806]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName authority="Rossaro &amp; Prato, 1991 (Rossaro 1991)" authorityName="Rossaro &amp; Prato, 1991 (Rossaro" authorityYear="1991" box="[264,819,1783,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Orthocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariellae">
<emphasis box="[264,399,1783,1806]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<collectingCountry box="[264,286,1783,1806]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">O</collectingCountry>
. mariellae
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Rossaro, B. &amp; Prato, S." box="[405,648,1783,1806]" firstAuthor="Rossaro" journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta entomologica" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="59 - 68" part="23" refId="ref12266" refString="Rossaro, B. &amp; Prato, S. (1991) Description of 6 new species of the subgenus Orthocladius (Orthocladius) v. d. W. Fragmenta entomologica, 23, 59 - 68." title="Description of 6 new species of the subgenus Orthocladius (Orthocladius) v. d. W" type="journal article" year="1991">
Rossaro 
<emphasis box="[498,519,1783,1806]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">&amp;</emphasis>
Prato, 
<number box="[595,648,1783,1806]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1991.0">1991</number>
</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Rossaro, B. &amp; Prato, S." box="[662,811,1783,1806]" firstAuthor="Rossaro" journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta entomologica" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="59 - 68" part="23" refId="ref12266" refString="Rossaro, B. &amp; Prato, S. (1991) Description of 6 new species of the subgenus Orthocladius (Orthocladius) v. d. W. Fragmenta entomologica, 23, 59 - 68." title="Description of 6 new species of the subgenus Orthocladius (Orthocladius) v. d. W" type="journal article" year="1991">
Rossaro 
<number box="[757,811,1783,1806]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1991.0">1991</number>
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)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="10.[264,1323,1855,1881]" lastBlockId="11.[264,1324,284,965]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
DESCRIPTION. See 
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Langton 
<emphasis box="[624,647,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">&amp;</emphasis>
Cranston (
<number box="[777,839,1855,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1991.0">1991</number>
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[851,922,1855,1881]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="14.[264,367,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox="[364,1211,594,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[354,1222,593,1205]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 2. 2.3 = O. ticinoi: taeniate extensions of cuticle at the tip of anal lobes; 2.4 = O. obumbratus: taeniate extensions of cuticle at the tip of anal lobes; 2.5 = O. marchetti: anal lobes without taeniate extensions of cuticle" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/155494/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Fig. 
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</figureCitation>
a, 
<number box="[948,963,1855,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="4.0">4</number>
d) and 
<bibRefCitation author="Rossaro, B. &amp; Prato, S." journalOrPublisher="Fragmenta entomologica" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="59 - 68" part="23" refId="ref12266" refString="Rossaro, B. &amp; Prato, S. (1991) Description of 6 new species of the subgenus Orthocladius (Orthocladius) v. d. W. Fragmenta entomologica, 23, 59 - 68." title="Description of 6 new species of the subgenus Orthocladius (Orthocladius) v. d. W" type="journal article" year="1991">
Rossaro 
<emphasis box="[1147,1170,1855,1880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">&amp;</emphasis>
Prato (
<number box="[1256,1318,1855,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1991.0">1991</number>
, Fig. 
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, 
<number box="[382,399,284,310]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="7.0">7</number>
; sub 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rossaro &amp; Prato, 1991 (Rossaro" authorityYear="1991" box="[464,613,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Orthocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariellae">
<emphasis box="[464,613,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingCountry box="[464,488,284,309]" name="Iceland" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">O</collectingCountry>
. mariellae
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</bibRefCitation>
. Thoracic horn 
<quantity box="[816,962,284,310]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.125" metricValueMax="4.25" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="412.5" valueMax="425.0" valueMin="400.0">400­425 m</quantity>
long, with strong spines from base to apex. Apex appearing pointed or rounded according to mounting position. Pedes spurii B developed. T 
<emphasis box="[533,575,376,394]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">II­VI</emphasis>
with a dark anterior band. Points on T 
<emphasis box="[1067,1081,376,394]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">II</emphasis>
reduced to a small posterior field. 
<emphasis box="[445,482,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectionCode box="[445,482,412,437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TIII</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
with posterior point band extending laterally than the apical band. The median points somewhat larger than more lateral ones and showing as a more or less circular area within point patch, especially visible on 
<emphasis box="[891,952,498,523]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">TV­VI</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[967,1075,498,524]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">SII­III­(IV)</emphasis>
with branched setae. Lateral setae: 
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on segment 
<emphasis box="[605,669,539,564]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">II­VI,</emphasis>
<number box="[689,704,539,565]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="4.0">4</number>
on segment 
<emphasis box="[859,897,539,564]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">VII</emphasis>
and 
<number box="[959,973,539,565]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="5.0">5</number>
on segment 
<emphasis box="[1130,1177,539,564]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">VIII</emphasis>
. Anal lobes with small taeniate extensions of cuticle, anal macrosetae gently curved and hooked at tip, 
<quantity box="[264,409,619,645]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.425" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.35" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="242.5" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="235.0">235­250 m</quantity>
long, longer than in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="sensu Brundin" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[652,787,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Orthocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oblidens">
<emphasis box="[652,787,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingCountry box="[652,676,619,644]" name="Iceland" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">O</collectingCountry>
. oblidens
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Anal lobes about 
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long, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="345.0" valueMax="350.0" valueMin="340.0">340­350 m</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="11.[264,1324,284,965]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
COMMENTS. A strict relation between 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1915" box="[787,905,699,724]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Orthocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rivinus">
<emphasis box="[787,905,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingCountry box="[787,811,699,724]" name="Iceland" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">O</collectingCountry>
. rivinus
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="sensu Brundin" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[960,1095,699,724]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Orthocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oblidens">
<emphasis box="[960,1095,699,724]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingCountry box="[960,984,699,724]" name="Iceland" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">O</collectingCountry>
. oblidens
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here emphasised (see also the key to species below). They are well separated by the length and shape of anal macrosetae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="11.[264,1324,284,965]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
MATERIAL EXAMINED: 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[644,729,818,844]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingCountry box="[644,729,818,844]" name="Italy" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ITALY</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: ABRUZZO: Aterno river, Coppito, 
<number box="[1179,1189,819,845]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1.0">1</number>
/ 
<number box="[1198,1212,819,845]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="5.0">5</number>
// 
<number box="[1232,1323,819,845]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1989.1">1989, 1</number>
Pex; 
<date box="[324,458,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1989-11-11">
<number box="[324,350,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="11.0">11</number>
/ 
<number box="[360,386,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="11.0">11</number>
/ 
<number box="[396,458,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1989.1">1989</number>
</date>
, 1 Pex; 
<date box="[553,674,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1990-02-26">
<number box="[553,583,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="26.0">26</number>
/ 
<number box="[592,606,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2.0">2</number>
/ 
<number box="[615,674,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1990.1">1990</number>
</date>
, 1 Pex; 
<date box="[769,890,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1991-03-13">
<number box="[769,797,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="13.0">13</number>
/ 
<number box="[807,820,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="3.0">3</number>
/ 
<number box="[830,890,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1991.1">1991</number>
</date>
, 
<specimenCount box="[903,1007,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
/Pex/Lex; 
<date box="[1127,1234,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1992-01-08">
<number box="[1127,1140,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="8.0">8</number>
/ 
<number box="[1150,1160,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1.0">1</number>
/ 
<number box="[1170,1234,859,885]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1992.1">1992</number>
</date>
, 1 Pex; 
<date box="[264,371,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1992-02-05">
<number box="[264,277,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="5.0">5</number>
/ 
<number box="[287,301,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2.0">2</number>
/ 
<number box="[311,371,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1992.1">1992</number>
</date>
, 1 Pex; 
<date box="[473,581,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1992-03-02">
<number box="[473,487,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2.0">2</number>
/ 
<number box="[497,510,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="3.0">3</number>
/ 
<number box="[520,581,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1992.1">1992</number>
</date>
, 1 Pex. Vera spring, 
<number box="[837,864,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="13.0">13</number>
/ 
<number box="[873,886,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="5.0">5</number>
// 
<number box="[906,996,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1992.1">1992, 1</number>
Pex; Zittola stream, 
<number box="[1253,1282,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="26.0">26</number>
/ 
<number box="[1291,1303,899,925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="5.0">5</number>
// 
<number box="[264,352,939,965]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1992.1">1992, 1</number>
Pex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>