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<mods:title id="3F5FE130E1A31C06D46B88939FE045AA">The shallow-water chitons (Mollusca, Polyplacophora) of Caldera, Region of Atacama, northern Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CE648C5AB6B30681E4F2BEA2EDE7E1FE">Araya, Juan Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="326FF17BCD1F8EF10F51BA0A74B5807A">Araya, Marta Esther</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="5324F581A8FEE7DAE520898D788161B1" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127875573" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5324F581A8FEE7DAE520898D788161B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5324F581A8FEE7DAE520898D788161B1" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<subSubSection id="050E41A10EA688D543B4F4D9822C6D5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8CD23EF54249AF8006840A0CD7AE877B" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Taxon classification Animalia Chitonida Callistoplacidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53BE81775406685CFA8317C3513B8925" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="59C30686811AF0D46E0ED473950EDB33" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="4E8C3A137B3489385A8CDB7D9DFDFF2E" ID-CoL="5WVYF" authority="Gray, 1828" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1828" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Callistochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callistochiton pulchellus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulchellus">Callistochiton pulchellus (Gray, 1828)</taxonomicName>
Plate 1, Fig. 2; Table 2
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2E6103C2F604CDB13F698D8CA187CEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C2E97E3A6E363D064EF08B2F6C3A0626" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="3510C6CEAEDE2B5E088A30D1225BEBC2" class="Polyplacophora" family="Chitonidae" genus="Chiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chiton pulchellus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulchellus">Chiton pulchellus</taxonomicName>
Gray, 1828: 6, pl. 3, fig. 9.
<taxonomicName id="0A20F4F23C2BFFDA8D403E88C129617D" class="Polyplacophora" family="Chitonidae" genus="Chiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chiton bicostatus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bicostatus">Chiton bicostatus</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="EE556377C6B2D52CDCB5A270CD342CAC" originalValue="d’Orbigny">d'Orbigny</normalizedToken>
, 1847: 486, pl. 81, figs 7-9.
<taxonomicName id="9B4C91432DB2BCFAE583BB4CD8B4FAB8" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Callistochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callistochiton shuttleworthianus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="shuttleworthianus">Callistochiton shuttleworthianus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="E34273E11C02B8DF7770A7575367257C" author="Bergenhayn, JRM" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Results of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 12" title="Antarktische und Subantarktische Polyplacophoren." volume="17" year="1937">Bergenhayn 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 284, figs 3
<normalizedToken id="84909AB8F29677AD90BD7751F17533B2" originalValue="f–g">f-g</normalizedToken>
(non
<taxonomicName id="69E3A83FE6A3AFB4BF52102A0F6084EB" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Callistochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callistochiton shuttleworthianus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="shuttleworthianus">Callistochiton shuttleworthianus</taxonomicName>
Pilsbry, 1893).
<taxonomicName id="0523635A0DB823FE716F3545AD01D919" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Callistochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callistochiton carmenae" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carmenae">Callistochiton carmenae</taxonomicName>
Smith &amp; Ferreira, 1977: 87, figs 10-11.
<taxonomicName id="06E38607CF821BFD4CEAB5E67799C330" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Callistochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callistochiton pulchellus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulchellus">Callistochiton pulchellus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="3EE60A2EEE6AA933FBB48DEDB1DDE4E8" author="Ferreira, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="444 - 466" title="The genus Callistochiton Dall, 1879 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) in the Eastern Pacific, with the Description of a New Species." volume="21" year="1979">Ferreira 1979</bibRefCitation>
: 460, figs 25-26;
<bibRefCitation id="F9618DA92EA79A80B27FDC026B792F41" author="Aguilera, MA" journalOrPublisher="Investigaciones Marinas" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="207 - 210" title="Consideraciones taxonomicas de Callistochitonpulchellus (Gray, 1828) (Mollusca, Placophora) en Iquique, norte de Chile." volume="33" year="2005 a">Aguilera 2005a</bibRefCitation>
: 207, fig. 1. Detailed bibliography and synonymy in
<bibRefCitation id="8961F2B25B366E7F3E89C650E4BFEE3D" author="Kaas, P" journalOrPublisher="EJ Brill, Leiden" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" title="Monograph of living chitons (Vol 5.) Suborder Ischnochitonina: Ischnochitonidae: Ischnochitoninae (concluded), Callistoplacinae; Mopaliidae. Additions to Volumes 1 - 4" year="1994">Kaas and Van Belle (1994</bibRefCitation>
: 161).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DA87277057225C597EE4C5D30E6C1A9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="9D1307A58C9D415C458D6BFF71A2B951" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C7C1D2A8C429F1904A9AC5FB5628B5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
Animal of small size, up to 11.5 mm in examined specimens, elongate oval, moderately elevated, color of tegmentum creamy white or bright white. Head valve semicircular, sculpture with 10-15 low rounded, equally spaced, nodulose, annulate, radial ribs, becoming obsolete towards the apex, the posterior ribs being strongest and more nodulose. Intermediate valves rectangular, lateral areas well defined, sculptured with two strong radial ribs. Central area with two series of equally spaced, diagonal lirae, forming rounded depressions in the interspaces. Tail valve semi-oval, slightly less wide than head valve, sculptured like head valve, with 8-11 weaker radial ribs. Girdle rather wide, yellowish white, dorsally covered with small, oval, imbricating scales (After
<bibRefCitation id="3C8CADF64611AC657CB1124AC041D719" author="Kaas, P" journalOrPublisher="EJ Brill, Leiden" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" title="Monograph of living chitons (Vol 5.) Suborder Ischnochitonina: Ischnochitonidae: Ischnochitoninae (concluded), Callistoplacinae; Mopaliidae. Additions to Volumes 1 - 4" year="1994">Kaas and Van Belle 1994</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A1DDA4BFB119D62090900FB0EB4B47E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<paragraph id="4ADD2131F6D74CD6A4BBD1F3FB2020E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
Plate 1.
<taxonomicName id="1E39BCB0774D7C392E3D49E0D4424075" class="Polyplacophora" family="Chitonidae" genus="Chiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chiton" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Chiton</taxonomicName>
species photographed in situ; 1.
<taxonomicName id="DCC24BD1A66234F6DA2B2C15541FC1AF" class="Polyplacophora" family="Chitonidae" genus="Acanthopleura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthopleura echinata" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">Acanthopleura echinata</taxonomicName>
, Playa Mansa; 2.
<taxonomicName id="6B8357D48A5F5D117505318EB4112E4B" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Callistochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callistochiton pulchellus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulchellus">Callistochiton pulchellus</taxonomicName>
, Playa El Pulpo; 3.
<taxonomicName id="EF8C0BDF81351EABF0A4546A149853FF" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Calloplax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calloplax vivipara" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vivipara">Calloplax vivipara</taxonomicName>
, Peninsula Calderilla; 4.
<taxonomicName id="36B16B05FCA1F882292C6863DDCB13C0" class="Polyplacophora" family="Chaetopleuridae" genus="Chaetopleura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetopleura peruviana" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="peruviana">Chaetopleura peruviana</taxonomicName>
, Sur Playa Ramada; 5.
<taxonomicName id="B9D0C6CEA6C0648606E4254A4DC2706B" class="Polyplacophora" family="Chitonidae" genus="Chiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chiton cumingsii" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cumingsii">Chiton cumingsii</taxonomicName>
, Playa El Pulpo; 6.
<taxonomicName id="88CA41B2AEA2318E3654345C66408339" class="Polyplacophora" family="Chitonidae" genus="Chiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chiton granosus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="granosus">Chiton granosus</taxonomicName>
, Playa Mansa. Scale bars are: 2 cm for 1, 2, 3 and 1 cm for 4, 5, 6.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3D29108A37B1FBB44487791276AD55E" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="DC2A1577776D4C7BE6BEFA3820F5CEA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3309FECF99BDE14CA35C2E830F8E176B" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Specimens found under sunken rocks in tidal pools in Playa El Pulpito (SBMNH 452240, 1 specimen), Sur de Playa Ramada and Playa El Pulpo (Table 1).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="590E0D66055DBE94B49A79DA1E98FDE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8D761378089B3F3E4858272AA9A2E3CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDE09D649BC756E576B34CC281C38AAB" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
This species has records from Islay (
<geoCoordinate id="77435AD86AC914C0E700B4498DBFF165" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-17.05">17°03'S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="0E924B1E68853E7169B796B9159D69AA" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.1">72°06'W</geoCoordinate>
), Peru to Chanavayita cove, 54 km south of Iquique, Chile (
<geoCoordinate id="DC30BC39ECB7A77E725AF25125C15F2B" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-20.7">20°42'S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="81B5A2BBAF7BE8743E5D9B90375D96D4" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.15">70°09'W</geoCoordinate>
), with records also in the
<normalizedToken id="40CA4505C52B41E864BF70F402E07DB1" originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
Islands (
<geoCoordinate id="95F4EFF78FCEEF3A03A4DCE27905AEA9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="1.6666667">01°40'N</geoCoordinate>
; 92°01 W), Ecuador (
<bibRefCitation id="987F5F4F987E91DDFBB6AC83C3B13BF1" author="Aguilera, MA" journalOrPublisher="Investigaciones Marinas" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="207 - 210" title="Consideraciones taxonomicas de Callistochitonpulchellus (Gray, 1828) (Mollusca, Placophora) en Iquique, norte de Chile." volume="33" year="2005 a">Aguilera 2005a</bibRefCitation>
). The present record (at 27°S) is now the southernmost record for this species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="25F377636D71422E67B045E98FF2A85D" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<paragraph id="176029EF413137EADA2D6A47AC39ABF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Table 2. Distribution range of taxa considered in this work.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="97F7E0164F200510BE60DB453895381C" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<table id="FDFAA9441CBA4CBE43D9BBA00FC8FD57" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<tr id="E5B89A4E86209E8FB495350ECB986119" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<th id="F166D68904332A8D94334F753D14AEA6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">Species</th>
<th id="1CEDE8C55338706C72F83D1AAE50332C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">Distribution</th>
<th id="738A6070EA7133F3A09798D412D59FD9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">References</th>
</tr>
<tr id="2D22C8144F2D2CC79732EBA8CC6E137B" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<td id="1ACAC54238F9EB008C84D3D963930EDB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="95D242076B8D4A93DFF95410780D7E72" class="Polyplacophora" family="Chitonidae" genus="Acanthopleura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acanthopleura echinata" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinata">Acanthopleura echinata</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="A37B6540073DA590E234D5A9D8080762" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
<geoCoordinate id="1C2023E25018F961C3C9D3314EF7A35E" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.5666666">04°34'S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="5C715F8FD776044ABB524987BA973249" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-81.26667">81°16'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="633345398CAFD01E51E000C3DE26D4A5" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-36.816666">36°49'S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="AB5332E29FE2D29AB052906311A55125" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.05">73°03'W</geoCoordinate>
</td>
<td id="923BA6EC82FA0D88521901D0ADFDE108" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="EBE5F0E88FCCE3DBF86192E96F1C4F43" author="Ferreira, AJ" journalOrPublisher="The Veliger" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="221 - 279" title="A revision of the genus Acanthopleura Guilding, 1829 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora)." volume="28" year="1986">Ferreira 1986</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7055AFB10FC5D471BDF8EB032A417C48" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<td id="86284FF779E4910AC91255DD1214C450" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="85411C8FAA11F4E1BB2DA36336101149" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Callistochiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callistochiton pulchellus" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pulchellus">Callistochiton pulchellus</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="2A377E4297EE2E7111AD8D575EE169BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
<geoCoordinate id="B952A48657E5B6AF61D84D623DEF20E5" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-17.05">17°03'S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="ABBDCAE8B85945FCA4FEE42A730C24A1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.1">72°06'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="0609A3E71576D91151A69298EEAC6750" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-26.933332">26°56'S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="3AEF21716A82AB8D78FE2F1907E4EB05" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.78333">70°47'W</geoCoordinate>
</td>
<td id="1EA58D9C065A22FB296E3F3BC6089839" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="C1B69364BC40B1C8BD03AE6211A0339B" author="Aguilera, MA" journalOrPublisher="Investigaciones Marinas" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="207 - 210" title="Consideraciones taxonomicas de Callistochitonpulchellus (Gray, 1828) (Mollusca, Placophora) en Iquique, norte de Chile." volume="33" year="2005 a">Aguilera 2005a</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="01AB7D6CF6B603DF9556AAD9E9DB491A" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<td id="56124F06EB0D2EB38EABF7BFEF178B53" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="421F5D18028BF5ABDD703FF6545A0D78" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Calloplax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calloplax vivipara" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vivipara">Calloplax vivipara</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="CED92AF7053B875DFA4A94B6189BB052" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rowspan="1">
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="C154693C3AF06AB9412E14FB7A04874B" author="Plate, LH" journalOrPublisher="Zool. Jahrbuecher" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="15 - 216" title="Die Anatomie und Phylogenie der Chitonen - Fauna Chilensis (volume 2)." volume="5" year="1902">Plate 1902</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="A9453BE7105B2E584C54D234C12680CD" author="Ferreira, AJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="56 - 64" title="The genus Calloplax Thiele, 1909 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) in the Americas." volume="77" year="1978">Ferreira 1978</bibRefCitation>
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80°55
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05°05
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81°06
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<bibRefCitation id="4DB0AF63AA9AE8AEA68F940F1C088C24" author="Marincovich, L" journalOrPublisher="Los Angeles County Science Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="42 - 49" title="Intertidal mollusks of Iquique, Chile. Natural History Museum." volume="16" year="1973">Marincovich (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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05°05
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81°06
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<bibRefCitation id="EB9DC305D7C7A05CF9319C4153241E39" author="Marincovich, L" journalOrPublisher="Los Angeles County Science Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="42 - 49" title="Intertidal mollusks of Iquique, Chile. Natural History Museum." volume="16" year="1973">Marincovich (1973)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="A60CBCC11CF3A443D46BD6B2928DF3EB" author="Osorio, C" journalOrPublisher="Ciencia y Tecnologia del Mar" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="91 - 98" title="Moluscos en los canales del Sur de Chile entre boca del Guafo y estero Elefantes (CIMAR 7 Fiordos)." volume="28" year="2005">Osorio et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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12°05
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77°13
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43°36
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72°57
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<bibRefCitation id="200E360744E5D7911DF4A07BCA361674" author="Bullock, RC" journalOrPublisher="The Veliger" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="141 - 191" title="The genus Chiton in the new world (Polyplacophora: Chitonidae)." volume="31" year="1988">Bullock (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="801D257B8B822F77EDCA64D7FFCC8B02" author="Ferreira, AJ" journalOrPublisher="The Veliger" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="221 - 279" title="A revision of the genus Acanthopleura Guilding, 1829 (Mollusca: Polyplacophora)." volume="28" year="1986">Ferreira 1986</bibRefCitation>
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45°0
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74°0
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<bibRefCitation id="7C229CCAB2439C4371EE647F16CF1F91" author="Bullock, RC" journalOrPublisher="The Veliger" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="141 - 191" title="The genus Chiton in the new world (Polyplacophora: Chitonidae)." volume="31" year="1988">Bullock (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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27°03
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70°49
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<bibRefCitation id="E1D41A838A75696E380C7F23B73A0BD3" author="Reid, DG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London (Zoology)" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="109 - 146" title="The shallow-water marine Mollusca of the Estero Elefantes and Laguna San Rafael, southern Chile." volume="66" year="2000">Reid and Osorio (2000)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
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<taxonomicName id="419846DC607D0A5D0A0CBEE7EB152A68" class="Polyplacophora" family="Chitonidae" genus="Tonicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tonicia chilensis" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chilensis">Tonicia chilensis</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="8AAB466CB1B200496A92D2B34FCC5F65" author="Reid, DG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London (Zoology)" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="109 - 146" title="The shallow-water marine Mollusca of the Estero Elefantes and Laguna San Rafael, southern Chile." volume="66" year="2000">Reid and Osorio (2000)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
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</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C71077B0AFB8B7BC596BDCCBE784F4FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="EA5474DB915A60FFCC41463E5313F9DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6BFBAAB15D29DD307F87841981CF9F70" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
This is a small (under 12 mm) chiton, easily overlooked but for its bright whitish color. It is a fairly rare species; they were not abundant and were found only in two of the studied locations (Table 1), under rocks sunken in tidal pools, associated to small communities of
<taxonomicName id="76CF10C41439A75D14BC9ED0F761CEFD" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcidae" genus="Acar" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acar pusilla" order="Arcida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pusilla">Acar pusilla</taxonomicName>
Sowerby, 1832,
<taxonomicName id="E1B08C3BE334F85B1F639250AAED8075" class="Gastropoda" family="Liotiidae" genus="Liotia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liotia cancellata" order="Trochida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cancellata">Liotia cancellata</taxonomicName>
Gray, 1842,
<taxonomicName id="03939461599A2BF3D7A76DABC68F9A92" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoinidae" genus="Rissoina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rissoina inca" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="inca">Rissoina inca</taxonomicName>
Sowerby, 1832, encrusting algae and sponges. It has been reported that this species feeds on sponges, bryozoa and diatoms (
<bibRefCitation id="2FEB204855AD5C6CC5411A233D5088A0" author="Aguilera, MA" journalOrPublisher="Investigaciones Marinas" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" pagination="109 - 113" title="Barnacles in the diet of the molluscan grazer Chitongranosus (Frembly, 1827) present on the intertidal rockys shore of Iquique, northern de Chile." volume="33" year="2005">Aguilera 2005</bibRefCitation>
). This species can be mistaken for
<taxonomicName id="9A46A609CABFBF52D5014843B21F21C9" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Calloplax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calloplax vivipara" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vivipara">Calloplax vivipara</taxonomicName>
(Plate, 1902), differing from this species in having a less elongate body shape, with a much finer and subtle sculpture (especially noticeable on the terminal valves), it differs from
<taxonomicName id="4AF799B8D52DD1D1C218E938CCFA219A" class="Polyplacophora" family="Callistoplacidae" genus="Calloplax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calloplax vivipara" order="Chitonida" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vivipara">Calloplax vivipara</taxonomicName>
in having rounded depressions in the central-lateral areas of the valves, especially in the middle valves.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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