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<document id="DECD17EB140C1886AF61EDB18A619DE5" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.649.10213" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2626bb6f-94a4-4bba-a4c8-e8eb68c4ae95" ID-PMC="PMC5345378" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-649-1" ID-PubMed="28325970" ID-ZooBank="5615ED7CAF3E41B69963F6458804186D" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-649-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 649" ModsDocTitle="Making the most of your host: the Metrosideros-feeding psyllids (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) of the Hawaiian Islands" checkinTime="1485998739022" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Percy, Diana M." docDate="2017" docId="5274D807A53BF61537750D6A7C0E619E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 649: 1-163" docOrigin="ZooKeys 649" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.649.10213" docTitle="Pariaconus ohiacola Crawford 1918, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="802A4C29FFB3FFFE83131831FFFCD537" masterDocTitle="Making the most of your host: the Metrosideros-feeding psyllids (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) of the Hawaiian Islands" masterLastPageNumber="163" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1701318356559" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="442EA53EF5F2DF9BC4913E21E3D22E27">Making the most of your host: the Metrosideros-feeding psyllids (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) of the Hawaiian Islands</mods:title>
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<treatment id="5274D807A53BF61537750D6A7C0E619E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127896263" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5274D807A53BF61537750D6A7C0E619E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5274D807A53BF61537750D6A7C0E619E" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<subSubSection id="F7B853CEA1893287DDADB7005089B03E" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5ADE0737E76F2A7A3BF409A618CFAA71" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="CAF3E2382C0080C52850A2C3D1689168" ID-CoL="4DM46" authority="Crawford, 1918" authorityName="Crawford" authorityYear="1918" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus ohiacola" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ohiacola">Pariaconus ohiacola (Crawford, 1918)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BD1B6D092140E6E7DB7602512696FBB4" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 34, 35, 50E,
<normalizedToken id="691623FA2D75FC356106791D9E83DED3" originalValue="GH">G-H</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="DEDEF7916F02FF6846A8573C919D04E3" originalValue="MR">M-R</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6E47AD8E8220A5BD090820B1EAEBA44" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0CDA67B74417FC1B39B686C279761127" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="DA4FEC63A694FE7DA3D8D6CC833C388F" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Trioza" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trioza ohiacola" order="Hemiptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ohiacola">
<pageBreakToken id="6460CB685422EB27A525C52EA399255E" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" start="start">Trioza</pageBreakToken>
ohiacola
</taxonomicName>
Crawford, 1918: 442
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AC8E3B7E42C6643102EDDBE3FD7C383" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="description">
<paragraph id="C8069E7F81D630EB82959F346FB87516" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Adult colour.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FCB29EE718B6FE1923F90D8922950E5" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">General body colour red-brown to orange-brown. Females often appear to have a dark abdomen due to darkly pigmented egg load. Fore wing membrane clear or fuscous.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B5E7056B1424A3DC7C10A7FDE94A992A" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="description">
<paragraph id="81293D6E521CD9CDCC5F35E389AF0754" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Adult structure.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C2854D7A9DCC1C59E2257F0E2A7AE71" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Fore wing apex acute to bluntly acute; spinules distributed in all cells; short to medium-short setae on margins and veins (Fig. 34
<normalizedToken id="F0B6AEEA3E93396C394DBB6584AA12B3" originalValue="AD">A-D</normalizedToken>
). Antennae medium-long (av. length 1.02; ratio AL:HW av. 1.76); genal processes medium-long to long (ratio VL:GP av. 1.66), and acute; medium-long setae on vertex and thorax; distal proboscis segment short (av. length 0.08); hind tibia slightly shorter than head width (ratio HW:HT av. 1.05) (Fig. 34
<normalizedToken id="EBC39D7174025AF6C1DF0AA600797C58" originalValue="EJ">E-J</normalizedToken>
). Male terminalia (Fig. 35
<normalizedToken id="23BFB25520454962EF95C511BAE75ECF" originalValue="AG">A-G</normalizedToken>
): paramere longer than proctiger (ratio MP:PL av. 0.87), slender, broader at base and tapering evenly to apex with anteriorly directed hook; distal aedeagus segment shorter or subequal to paramere (ratio PL:AEL av. 1.15) with base rounded and slightly inflated, and a shallow hooked apex (ratio AEL:AELH av. 2.35). Female terminalia (Fig. 35
<normalizedToken id="D3FE226FB3B9E3F0B2CCAE17BAA1004B" originalValue="HK">H-K</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="956DB24D94ABD654F76703773DA8344B" originalValue="MO">M-O</normalizedToken>
): proctiger long, dorsal surface convex, apex acute to bluntly rounded, anal ring short (ratio FP:RL av. 4.83); subgenital plate with slight to moderate medial bulge ventrally, acute to bluntly acute apically; ovipositor apex lacking serrations, valvulae dorsalis not strongly convex dorsally. Egg short, broad, pigmented dark brown (except tip of pedicel and tail), surface with dense microsculpturing, extremely long to moderately short pedicel with no or slightly inflated tip, tail medium-long to short (Fig. 35L, P).
</paragraph>
<caption id="64076F57B747842A3282378C3241926B" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<paragraph id="9A2929F0E9719242E5F1268239FED127" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Figure 34.
<taxonomicName id="6DDACE845B8EEF11C7AAE501C9397A63" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus ohiacola" order="Hemiptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ohiacola">Pariaconus ohiacola</taxonomicName>
. A, B, C, D fore wing: A form
<taxonomicName id="418C0149B0B87D96BB2755037B83E7D8" form="ohiacola" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohiacola" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="ohiacola">ohiacola</taxonomicName>
B form
<taxonomicName id="9A8EF4B95625142566A6CAB3E819205A" form="angustipterus" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea angustipterus" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="angustipterus">angustipterus</taxonomicName>
C form
<taxonomicName id="4A64262A29F815ECBA61AAF78F0C230F" form="obtusipterus" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea obtusipterus" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="obtusipterus">obtusipterus</taxonomicName>
D form
<taxonomicName id="A0C86B7D7EB73AA4AA48F5789B50B35C" form="waianaiensis" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea waianaiensis" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="waianaiensis">waianaiensis</taxonomicName>
E, F head: E form
<taxonomicName id="B92CCB87EAD0E22AEA9F8A7A0811B056" form="ohiacola" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohiacola" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="ohiacola">ohiacola</taxonomicName>
F form
<taxonomicName id="40259A90BAAF3E9138B29C9C89FEA81D" form="waianaiensis" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea waianaiensis" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="waianaiensis">waianaiensis</taxonomicName>
G, H, I form
<taxonomicName id="35CE5BCD2FBE93464076878EE5922032" form="ohiacola" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohiacola" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="ohiacola">ohiacola</taxonomicName>
: G hind leg H head and antenna with proboscis (inset) I male and female J male, form
<taxonomicName id="2D3CE7D80C7409239F3A8BCD325F12D5" form="waianaiensis" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea waianaiensis" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="waianaiensis">waianaiensis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="88DE582BED5E978A834CEF5B8B57215E" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<paragraph id="CCFA4F97C8ADBD651DB8E6AAC10451BD" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Figure 35.
<taxonomicName id="33EE379AEF29828368A9037CAC16FB96" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus ohiacola" order="Hemiptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ohiacola">Pariaconus ohiacola</taxonomicName>
. A, B, C form
<taxonomicName id="7E91D7F9E9821D30C2E8F235E1161B8A" form="ohiacola" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohiacola" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="ohiacola">ohiacola</taxonomicName>
: A male terminalia B aedeagus and paramere C paramere posterior view (left) dorsal view (right) D, E form
<taxonomicName id="6CB8FF9CB2A4DD32CD8C7073E73D0A7E" form="waianaiensis" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea waianaiensis" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="waianaiensis">waianaiensis</taxonomicName>
: D male terminalia E aedeagus and paramere F, G form
<taxonomicName id="2ACDA411A22FB62517BE52065AA7C030" form="obtusipterus" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea obtusipterus" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="obtusipterus">obtusipterus</taxonomicName>
: F aedeagus and paramere G male terminalia H, I, J, K, L form
<taxonomicName id="A89FD7385BAB8F7E4244A4BEA5F59072" form="ohiacola" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohiacola" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="ohiacola">ohiacola</taxonomicName>
: H female terminalia I ovipositor J female subgenital plate (ventral view) K female proctiger (dorsal view) L eggs (pedicel and tail indicated, microsculpturing detailed) M, N, O, P form
<taxonomicName id="CCF0D045CC583245A794168F99E78158" form="waianaiensis" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea waianaiensis" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="form" species="waianaiensis">waianaiensis</taxonomicName>
: M female terminalia N female proctiger (dorsal view) O female subgenital plate (ventral view) P eggs (pedicel and tail indicated, microsculpturing detailed).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4B59CCC435B6FFAE45013BC27F2A7B0D" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="description">
<paragraph id="BE518BF1A9609DE85DA1A6E60DE191D3" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Immature.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B738F6894510FCB380E57A37D51F6CB4" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Colour and structure: 2nd-5th instars: Orange or orange-red with cream wing buds. Elongate ovoid in outline, wing buds protruding with moderate humeral lobes (Fig. 50R). Tarsi with large claws. Circumanal ring small (CPW:RW av. 21.78), u-shaped with a single row of often interrupted cells (Fig. 50E). 1st instar (Fig. 50Q): yellow-brown with scaly dorsal surface. Chaetotaxy: 2nd-5th instars: Head, thorax and abdomen with scattered long to medium-long simple setae. 1st instar (Fig. 50
<normalizedToken id="8E82CD4F9B0675A543968FC5777C4093" originalValue="GH">G-H</normalizedToken>
): Margin with broad fan-shaped setae (anterior of head with 5-6 pairs, a single pair post ocular, a single pair on the apices of each wing bud, and 7-8 pairs on the abdomen).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1AA815F0A67703E0FE5CCFA182B790A" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="host">
<paragraph id="5398CEB1B808B2AF4DC819993DA8E63E" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Host plant notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3913DDC67B755DCAF2EB752EE4667BFC" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Mostly associated with glabrous morphotypes.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="201D9D9C0E1C64F62A8EF89C15EEA741" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F962CFB2729B4C877FE3E83F6BBC1B36" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Island.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2EB67E0C7341B6F7FA067333C30A2DB" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Oahu.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1C4D646E27A443112F7C32724320096" lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EF93E84CAF2D0232D913A5CE828AF883" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Distribution notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1282DB97C4BE85E03F4B8DAB9EEE2A6" lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
A widespread taxon and probably the most commonly encountered on Oahu, but as with
<taxonomicName id="6AFC0EDCB65D9E1D7DD589934EBF61E8" class="Insecta" family="Triozidae" genus="Pariaconus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pariaconus oahuensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oahuensis">Pariaconus oahuensis</taxonomicName>
appears to be undergoing incipient divergence.
<pageBreakToken id="FAEEDF4552D8BF85A807FBA20F367D5E" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" start="start">Forms</pageBreakToken>
<taxonomicName id="DACFB51F8872D36881365914EBC51FCE" form="ohiacola" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohiacola" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="form" species="ohiacola">ohiacola</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="68EDDB7E3D53B1D87A64A2AF7E7B2D68" form="obtusipterus" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea obtusipterus" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="form" species="obtusipterus">obtusipterus</taxonomicName>
are the most widespread, found in the Waianae, Aiea, and Koolau mountain regions; form
<taxonomicName id="0C05964F71760BC2AD5598A5956BCFA3" form="waianaiensis" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea waianaiensis" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="form" species="waianaiensis">waianaiensis</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from the central Waianae Mnts; form
<taxonomicName id="11607F1EC2BA55F499A6A60BFC723203" form="angustipterus" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea angustipterus" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="form" species="angustipterus">angustipterus</taxonomicName>
is most common in the southern Waianae Mnts, but also occurs in the southern Koolau region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3019478197B6129EA5C7AD0A82D14662" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="349B148FE0A7F24A4A384611B9F0945E" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7805DB16D347D8F0412AAE12D5F965C3" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Makes flat leaf galls. 1st instars are found in very shallow pits (Fig. 50Q), usually on the lower surface of young leaves that are often still in bud, the leaf tissue around the instar often becomes red or brown. By the 2nd instar there is complete enclosure, generating a flat leaf gall type, often with a slight central depression on the lower surface where the original 1st instar pit was located (Fig. 50O); the 1st instar exuviae are often found with 2nd instars in the gall chamber. The scaly sclerotization on the dorsal surface of 1st instars of the
<taxonomicName id="3A83581E6613680FFAEFBA76E0BA0086" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohialoha" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="ohialoha">ohialoha</taxonomicName>
group (Fig. 50F) may prevent dehydration during the period when the 1st instar is on the leaf surface before gall enclosure.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72FE1C32C495FDEDD40598BAA5DF91F7" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="comments">
<paragraph id="C2F82337071AC8D7E864A5DECAFCA59B" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<pageBreakToken id="104719E9FB7A35A1BA2D5A7ACDC5622E" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" start="start">Comments</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D9048DE383A742B498B1C0A45B489A3" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Four forms are recognized (Figs 34-35): form
<taxonomicName id="39E83AB07917D5DE170AEC4963210630" form="ohiacola" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea ohiacola" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="form" species="ohiacola">ohiacola</taxonomicName>
(based on the type has fore wing with apex acute, medium long genae, long paramere, long female terminalia that is apically acute, eggs ovoid with long pedicel), form
<taxonomicName id="7E2340C0F8CE606E4DDD2B6A8C41EDE4" form="angustipterus" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea angustipterus" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="form" species="angustipterus">angustipterus</taxonomicName>
(fore wing more narrow with apex acute), form
<taxonomicName id="405E34942E1F9D45CD29C88BCD5A786D" form="obtusipterus" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea obtusipterus" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="form" species="obtusipterus">obtusipterus</taxonomicName>
(largest form, with fore wing apex rounded, shorter genae, long female terminalia), and form
<taxonomicName id="A48B1764BCABBAA03D630F7C37CE3D82" form="waianaiensis" genus="Psylloidea" lsidName="Psylloidea waianaiensis" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="form" species="waianaiensis">waianaiensis</taxonomicName>
(smallest form, with fore wing apex bluntly acute, notably long thin genae, paramere slender, short female terminalia, eggs almost round with short pedicel). In some cases these forms correspond to distinct clusters in the DNA analysis (Fig. 3) and may be good candidates for species recognition with further study of specimens and biology. However, there is substantial variation in fore wing shape, genal process length, and female and male terminalia that are intermediate between these forms, with different combinations found within and between populations making the overall observed pattern complex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="77925AA3FD42821B4C9813EF06780BCC" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="type material">
<paragraph id="58F9E77638699D022B5681E172F98D3C" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="94BD9C720FEB22D19717C32B26F41C3C" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Holotype, male (dry mounted, BPBM). See Table 2 for details of type and other material examined for this study.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>