335 lines
34 KiB
XML
335 lines
34 KiB
XML
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|
||
Hedqvist, 1961: 92,108. Type genus:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AF61801513D613C95BECA7DFB59E5104" authorityName="Ferriere" authorityYear="1936" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Louricia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Louricia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Louricia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0A8D5281078E9D67B38319953899F9BD" originalValue="Ferrière">Ferriere</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1936. Treated as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04FF8732F73A0C66E7F3A3C50074AB03" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Louriciinae">Louriciinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1453E42FD1569EB6CA094AC316EF9252" author="Boucek, Z" journalOrPublisher="CAB International, Wallingford, UK" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" refId="B6" refString="Boucek, Z, 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species. CAB International, Wallingford, UK" title="Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A biosystematic revision of genera of fourteen families, with a reclassification of species." year="1988">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="627AB98A83136EE6ED3937C97EEE5E8E" originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1988)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3330F0730A22722B82262F1B24F56087" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="B5C7CC3DC2B526A46B63B9BB9CA909D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7123C580801A2D66E2E0FB46FF1600FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Antenna with 8 flagellomeres, including an undivided clava and 2 anelli; radicle elongate. Eyes ventrally divergent. Face with a network of grooves that is usually concealed by the strongly collapsing head (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="BCD129D2DF81EA1B766A52652E41D8EA" captionStart="Figures 67–72" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 67 - 72. 67 - 69 Heydenia longicollis (Cameron) (Heydeniidae) 67 mesosoma dorsal view 68 mesosoma lateral view 69 fore leg 70, 71 Kerya antennalis Boucek (Keryinae, incertae sedis) 70 head frontal view and antenna 71 mesosoma lateral view 72 Callimomoides sp. (Louriciinae, incertae sedis): head frontal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94263.figures67-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/781075" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">72</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus without transverse subapical groove. Labrum subrectangular and exposed, with marginal setae in a row. Mandibles with 3 teeth. Subforaminal bridge with a postgenal bridge separating the secondary tentorial pits from the hypostoma. Pronotum long, with a slightly expanded lateral surface and therefore somewhat expanded laterally. Notauli complete, linear and incised. Axilla strongly advanced (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="414A0DEEF40481CE5411A22C9151981C" captionStart="Figures 73–78" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 73 - 78. 73, 74 Callimomoides sp. (Louriciinae, incertae sedis) 73 mesosoma dorsal view 74 extremity of metasoma, elongated syntergum 75, 76 Micradelus acutus Graham (Micradelinae, incertae sedis) 75 head frontal view 76 head posterior view 77 Neapterolaelaps sp. (Neapterolelapsinae, incertae sedis): antenna 78 Pseudoceraphron albifrons (Boucek) (Neapterolelapsinae, incertae sedis): head posterior view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94263.figures73-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/781076" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">73</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesoscutellum with frenum indicated at least laterally or by an abrupt transition to smooth surface sculpture, without axillular sulcus (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B8D894B1DE64039EE81335DCE9777BC" captionStart="Figures 73–78" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 73 - 78. 73, 74 Callimomoides sp. (Louriciinae, incertae sedis) 73 mesosoma dorsal view 74 extremity of metasoma, elongated syntergum 75, 76 Micradelus acutus Graham (Micradelinae, incertae sedis) 75 head frontal view 76 head posterior view 77 Neapterolaelaps sp. (Neapterolelapsinae, incertae sedis): antenna 78 Pseudoceraphron albifrons (Boucek) (Neapterolelapsinae, incertae sedis): head posterior view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94263.figures73-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/781076" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">73</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesopleural area without an expanded acropleuron. All legs with 5 tarsomeres; protibial spur stout and curved; basitarsal comb longitudinal. Metasoma in females with elongate syntergum extending over the exserted ovipositor (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1D34621D42B4F1B4DE80775FB92DB8AB" captionStart="Figures 73–78" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 73 - 78. 73, 74 Callimomoides sp. (Louriciinae, incertae sedis) 73 mesosoma dorsal view 74 extremity of metasoma, elongated syntergum 75, 76 Micradelus acutus Graham (Micradelinae, incertae sedis) 75 head frontal view 76 head posterior view 77 Neapterolaelaps sp. (Neapterolelapsinae, incertae sedis): antenna 78 Pseudoceraphron albifrons (Boucek) (Neapterolelapsinae, incertae sedis): head posterior view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.94.94263.figures73-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/781076" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">74</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="C318CCBE89CFC4A09A261389962F85EF" doi="10.3897/jhr.94.94263.figures73-78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/781076" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" start="Figures 73–78" startId="F13">
|
||
<paragraph id="E45AA53AFC2D41690212172C61F4BD7A" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="7281E76A0F6DDD44AFD43F407809FDC2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figures 73-78.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="5957AA11F13206F65A7C074247B04D88" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">73, 74</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BE881359DE7E12FE4B8D2955131E6BCB" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Pirenidae" genus="Callimomoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callimomoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="42DC7399EBE8734898624FD8E5E48218" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Callimomoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2F074B7F63CAA03A38CD4580D39A47B9" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Louriciinae">Louriciinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="A902E1EEFA73960F76B4309CD3FE7384" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="A3404383F8138623414102B261E58BC7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">73</emphasis>
|
||
mesosoma dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis id="B81380A4DB191EC8A81C874774453EAE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">74</emphasis>
|
||
extremity of metasoma, elongated syntergum
|
||
<emphasis id="0FF35E8E277E81718A2BC317C52AB8C6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">75, 76</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="948C4FE55E065028BC6795BA9B10F056" authorityName="Graham" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Pirenidae" genus="Micradelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micradelus acutus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="91589A7083B6B7E4D8649BF63B5C46B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Micradelus acutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Graham (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2AB815A0AF38288C63D71F35C5DB0B71" class="Insecta" family="Pirenidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Micradelinae">Micradelinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FCC08FEFD9D78CA8A247DB1C3B744F61" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="67F32C6CE4984D3F0C0D39CAC8C1A70C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">75</emphasis>
|
||
head frontal view
|
||
<emphasis id="38A20518FB1578343BC4E80FE693460B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">76</emphasis>
|
||
head posterior view
|
||
<emphasis id="C3660D23923A8C0619F8A93F2CFE9A6A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">77</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E4B5DA5DA21239776C1FBA4B1B27BC1B" genus="Neapterolaelaps" lsidName="Neapterolaelaps" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="409BAF083C4DCE16FB1873FF7380696D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Neapterolaelaps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACD9449D317BD40260FA7B5E8A29" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Neapterolelapsinae">Neapterolelapsinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EA66E8C4C9B24124E07F89A6B59F741F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
): antenna
|
||
<emphasis id="4048AAB236AF055536D281D420A3928B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">78</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DD84454AB313D3948B89CEFFC5CE0F39" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Pseudoceraphron" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoceraphron albifrons" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBFCFD970133732751DA584275360085" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Pseudoceraphron albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="223F35184C738D0A0BE8824C4D22716E" originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="829B0A5A31B2B3113421AEB229731A11" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Neapterolelapsinae">Neapterolelapsinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B8C1324001B2049A1668EDA90D47C390" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
): head posterior view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EF5D8963FB8AED9C5CEDE8EC60F987B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="7DB7DDA361F90B8D512ACD243604E6B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="58663E375D40C84F70F3735CDC76388D" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Next-generation molecular analysis (Cruaud et al., submitted) consistently recovers the distinctive
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3569807529B627A0F35529F8F20020DA" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Pirenidae" genus="Callimomoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callimomoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1D3B96F08B321E283A2F0F3F4D398ECC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Callimomoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Girault as a member of a strongly supported clade that also includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCA643E1AC1FC7679361635F4204748E" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Neanastatidae" genus="Neanastatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanastatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8DB447F901A1B2DCC1072042647DF83" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Neanastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78DE3D212A1CE65B3AA4CDEEE7977F13" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lambdobregma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lambdobregma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="33C0CA4ED649884FE847AE27E9926E6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Lambdobregma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9E1DE407637DF30501699DD9B50F9ACE" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Pirenidae" genus="Callimomoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callimomoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CA7E4A7E9D71153535D8ED9E1E886276" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Callimomoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the sister group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DDA813CDE53B4D32405A367315958359" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Neanastatidae" genus="Neanastatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanastatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EE253E3D8D6ACCD9DDF1481C2B2EA125" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Neanastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which therefore renders
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33CF7CEC446D2A13CD3284D3E4749988" family="Neanastatidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="family">Neanastatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
paraphyletic. Morphologically, this relationship is highly debatable and no unique character supports it. However, this strong morphological disparity may be due to difference in life history as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5971E462E1A9AF18D0DEC94E902B4BBE" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Pirenidae" genus="Callimomoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callimomoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4BB412CCC6EC83DB0CDE5C6A37118AE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Callimomoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an egg parasitoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9F6B0C4FF28370627D13642B963DD7D" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cerambycidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="29A311495AB8954D84BD8CAA29B392FE" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Neanastatidae" genus="Neanastatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanastatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F984F8685788404CED1F88530252D6FF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Neanastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is parasitic in galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92A44A16FCEC53F53B0FFF828724B1CA" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cecidomyiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="932AE95E5AA24F8E39B8BEC53C6E94A8" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A27A7A6C3FC1B876581750835958D72C" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lambdobregma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lambdobregma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="79B7ABDCF468A808E2E13A5FD8CF9FE0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Lambdobregma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be parasitoids of cricket eggs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36003DE2A82E1DA3D1D36FED44E66BD5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm121149fv" author="Gibson, GAP" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 121" refId="B19" refString="Gibson, GAP, 1989. Phylogeny and classification of Eupelmidae, with a revision of the world genera of Calosotinae and Metapelmatinae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 149: 1 - 121, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm121149fv" title="Phylogeny and classification of Eupelmidae, with a revision of the world genera of Calosotinae and Metapelmatinae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm121149fv" volume="149" year="1989">Gibson 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). While
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AAA030E00E0B5FF885E4284AB2BC6C7" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Pirenidae" genus="Callimomoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callimomoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="061047367D36072887D142F7A2B9777A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Callimomoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an enlarged mesotibial spur and a large membranous area posterior to the mesocoxa, these features are not conclusive proof of relationship with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A05A5DC345959F5ED5D5B907FF67742D" family="Neanastatidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="family">Neanastatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
because they are found in various other taxa as well. There are no diagnostic features shared with either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56A30A12398658B7B66E29BDB0510064" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Neanastatidae" genus="Neanastatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neanastatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4EB4FCB9B296855E49D63D60CF479609" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Neanastatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF501FF99026679FAEB61FED3442040A" authorityName="Gibson" authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Eupelmidae" genus="Lambdobregma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lambdobregma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6269A820FBE97F76D8DF38A03E3C9614" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Lambdobregma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="33FF348DA96FE0E4D19AFADFED2912A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
||
The highly unusual gestalt of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E1C7FA5BAB149459CCBCC734B549ACF0" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Pirenidae" genus="Callimomoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Callimomoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7D011509A437AE42F4DE659E48354084" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Callimomoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, together with the combination of linear notauli, long pronotum, and stout mesotibial spur, prevent it from being easily confused with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="282B2224EF4E17F39D72DFECC8ADC416" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Chalcidoidea">Chalcidoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="792B04BAE4AA42042787FF5E69C0FDE9" baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
can have similar notauli and a weakly sclerotized, collapsing head and body, but differ in having 4 tarsomeres on all legs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |