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<mods:title id="D43019CBD80177AC5753D7489433F7A2">New species of Polycystididae (Platyhelminthes: Kalyptorhynchia) from Cuba and the Pacific coast of Panama</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="45669AB40A3B01D050DA16117E813A3C">Diez, Yander L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5FA2D5FFD8C4874AF0E1C08CE2DF83EC">Sanjuan, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6F2983374C6428946B532E04B68136FB">Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium &amp; Universidad de Oriente, Biology and Geography Department, Ave. Patricio Lumumba s / n, CP 90500, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B91034F46B6E9079A7F7255D59555580">Monnens, Marlies</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB6CF7B303F168A7BF84C65689236173">Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9F0FD0053DC30F260B8F65DC60F5CB58">Artois, Tom</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52FB068B45BFC7FFC06FC4A" authority="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois, 2023" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[583,907,907,934]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52FB068B45BFC7FFC06FC4A" bold="true" box="[583,907,907,934]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Phonorhynchoides lalanai</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52FB068B469FC26FC8BFC01" box="[629,774,978,1005]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Figs 1C, IJ</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52FB068B50EFC26FCD0FC00" box="[786,861,978,1004]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[190,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-138@7.[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. New species of Phonorhynchoidinae Tessens, Janssen &amp; Artois, 2014. A, E. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. BC, F. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov. D, G. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. AD. From live animals. EG. Details of the genital systems of the holotypes (FMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554569/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">2D, G</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="7E6C037EF52FB068B574FC26FC32FC00" box="[872,959,978,1004]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="8.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 2.Comparison of the longitudes and proportions among the stylets of species of Phonorhynchoides. Abbreviations: see Table 1; as-IV = accessory stylet IV." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6791664DF52FB068B6A1FEFDFCC5FEAB" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" tableUuid="6791664DF52FB068B6A1FEFDFCC5FEAB">Table 2</tableCitation>
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<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52FB068B6A1FBE0FE16FBC2" box="[189,411,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Phonorhynchoides</emphasis>
sp.
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in
<treatmentCitation id="B24F10D4F52FB068B7F5FBE0FD77FBC2" author="Leasi F. &amp; Sevigny J. L. &amp; Laflamme E. M. &amp; Artois T. &amp; Curini-Galletti M. &amp; Navarrete A. &amp; Di Domenico M. &amp; Goetz F. &amp; Hall J. A. &amp; Hochberg R. &amp; Jorger K. M. &amp; Jondelius U. &amp; Todaro M. A. &amp; Wirshing H. H. &amp; Norenburg J. L. &amp; Thomas W. K." box="[489,762,1044,1070]" page="1-12" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52FB068B7F5FBE0FD77FBC2" author="Leasi" box="[489,762,1044,1070]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Leasi" page="1 - 12" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref9670" refString="Leasi F., Sevigny J. L., Laflamme E. M., Artois T., Curini-Galletti M., Navarrete A. dJ., Di Domenico M., Goetz F., Hall J. A., Hochberg R., Jorger K. M., Jondelius U., Todaro M. A., Wirshing H. H., Norenburg J. L. &amp; Thomas W. K. 2018. Biodiversity estimates and ecological interpretations of meiofaunal communities are biased by the taxonomic approach. Communications Biology 1: 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 42003 - 018 - 0119 - 2" type="journal article" year="2018">
Leasi
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52FB068B42CFBE1FDE6FBC2" box="[560,619,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">et al.</emphasis>
2018: 112
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.
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<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52FB068B6A1FB62FEBAFB5C" bold="true" box="[189,311,1174,1200]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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Species of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52FB068B756FB31FCA4FB33" authority="Beklemischev, 1927" authorityName="Beklemischev" authorityYear="1927" box="[330,809,1221,1247]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52FB068B756FB31FDA5FB33" box="[330,552,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Phonorhynchoides</emphasis>
Beklemischev, 1927
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with a prostatic stylet
<typeStatus id="EC558867F52FB068B24EFB32FB08FB0C" box="[1106,1157,1222,1248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
IV ~114 µm long, proximally ~9 µm, narrowing to 5 µm wide distally; it is twisted in the middle. Accessory stylet
<typeStatus id="EC558867F52FB068B358FB1DFAFAFAEF" box="[1348,1399,1257,1283]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
IV 105106 µm long, narrowing from 45 µm wide proximally to 2 µm wide distally; slightly curved in the proximal half.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52FB068B6A1FA84FEC8FA66" bold="true" box="[189,325,1392,1418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="335136C5F52FB068B6A1FA6BFAD6F9EC" blockId="8.[189,1401,1439,1536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">
Species named after the late Dr Rogelio Lalana (Marine Research Centre,
<collectingRegion id="F12AF827F52FB068B226FA6BFB19FA55" box="[1082,1172,1439,1465]" country="Cuba" name="La Habana" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Havana</collectingRegion>
University,
<collectingCountry id="4BF97655F52FB068B33BFA6BFAE4FA56" box="[1319,1385,1439,1466]" name="Cuba" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Cuba</collectingCountry>
), prominent Cuban marine researcher, awarded with the National Prize of Marine Sciences of
<collectingCountry id="4BF97655F52FB068B306FA36FAD5FA30" box="[1306,1368,1474,1500]" name="Cuba" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Cuba</collectingCountry>
in 2012, for his outstanding contribution to the knowledge of marine invertebrates, mainly crustaceans.
</paragraph>
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<heading id="681981A9F52FB068B6A1F9D2FE20F9AC" bold="true" box="[189,429,1574,1600]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" reason="3">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52FB068B6A1F9D2FE20F9AC" bold="true" box="[189,429,1574,1600]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="83863C98F52FB068B6F6F9A1FE97F935" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4016383307" collectedFrom="sublitoral, fine-grained sand rich in organic matter, salinity 33 ‰" collectingDate="2018-02-06" collectionCode="FMNH" country="Cuba" elevation="5" latitude="19.960556" location="Bueycabon" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-75.95777" municipality="Bueycabon" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santiago de Cuba" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="EC558867F52FB068B6F6F9A1FED0F983" box="[234,349,1621,1647]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<collectingCountry id="4BF97655F52FB068B6A1F98CFE82F97E" box="[189,271,1656,1682]" name="Cuba" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">CUBA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="25E8FD4CF52FB068B734F98CFEBAF97E" box="[296,311,1656,1682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">1</specimenCount>
whole mount;
<collectingRegion id="F12AF827F52FB068B7F4F98CFD37F97E" box="[488,698,1656,1682]" country="Cuba" name="Santiago de Cuba" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Santiago de Cuba</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="D335ACBFF52FB068B4D9F98CFCC0F97E" box="[709,845,1656,1682]" country="Cuba" latitude="19.960556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-75.95777" name="Bueycabon" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" stateProvince="Santiago de Cuba">Bueycabón</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="56DA5002F52FB068B545F983FC62F97F" box="[857,1007,1655,1683]" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="38" value="19.960556">19°5738″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
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;
<date id="47501005F52FB068B2BEF98CFAA4F97E" box="[1186,1321,1656,1682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" value="2018-02-06">
<collectingDate id="5714E9EDF52FB068B2BEF98CFAA4F97E" box="[1186,1321,1656,1682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" value="2018-02-06">6 Feb 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
; depth
<quantity id="F4169B20F52FB068B6A1F96FFE88F95A" box="[189,261,1691,1718]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="0.5">
<elevation id="B8C3D1F6F52FB068B6A1F96FFE88F95A" box="[189,261,1691,1718]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectedFrom id="80F27538F52FB068B70FF96FFBACF95A" box="[275,1057,1691,1718]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">sublitoral, fine-grained sand rich in organic matter, salinity 33 ‰</collectedFrom>
; https://id.luomus.fi/KV.699;
<collectionCode id="55FFAE00F52FB068B6A1F94BFE9BF935" box="[189,278,1727,1753]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="335136C5F52FB068B6F6F8F4FAA3F88D" blockId="8.[188,1398,1792,1889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52FB068B6F6F8F4FE25F8F6" bold="true" box="[234,424,1792,1818]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Other material</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="83863C98F52FB068B6A1F8D7FAA3F88D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4016383301" collectedFrom="sublittoral, coarse sand with gravel, covered with organic matter" collectingDate="2016-03-06" collectionCode="HU" country="Panama" elevation="10" latitude="7.6349998" location="Pacific Ocean" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.996666" municipality="Isla Iguana" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" specimenCode="HU XIX.1.49-XIX.1.50" specimenCount="2">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52FB068B6A1F8D7FEC0F8D1" bold="true" box="[189,333,1827,1853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">
<collectingCountry id="4BF97655F52FB068B6A1F8D7FEB1F8D1" box="[189,316,1827,1853]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="25E8FD4CF52FB068B74FF8D7FEEFF8D1" box="[339,354,1827,1853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">2</specimenCount>
whole mounts;
<location id="3631601EF52FB068B406F8D7FD33F8D1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BB4787D3F52FB069B45BFC7FFBD2F92F:3631601EF52FB068B406F8D7FD33F8D1" box="[538,702,1827,1853]" country="Panama" latitude="7.6349998" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.996666" municipality="Isla Iguana" name="Pacific Ocean" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Pacific Ocean</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="D335ACBFF52FB068B4D5F8D7FCC0F8D2" box="[713,845,1827,1854]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">Isla Iguana</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="56DA5002F52FB068B54BF8D6FC61F8D2" box="[855,1004,1826,1854]" degrees="07" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="06" value="7.6349998">07°3806″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="56DA5002F52FB068B5EAF8D6FB1DF8D2" box="[1014,1168,1826,1854]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-79.996666">79°5948″ W</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="47501005F52FB068B287F8D7FAA7F8D1" box="[1179,1322,1827,1854]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" value="2016-03-06">
<collectingDate id="5714E9EDF52FB068B287F8D7FAA7F8D1" box="[1179,1322,1827,1854]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" value="2016-03-06">6 Mar. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
; depth
<quantity id="F4169B20F52FB068B6A0F8B3FF77F88D" box="[188,250,1863,1889]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="10.0">
<elevation id="B8C3D1F6F52FB068B6A0F8B3FF77F88D" box="[188,250,1863,1889]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectedFrom id="80F27538F52FB068B71BF8B2FC70F88D" box="[263,1021,1862,1889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">sublittoral, coarse sand with gravel, covered with organic matter</collectedFrom>
;
<specimenCode id="63489EBEF52FB068B214F8B3FAA4F88D" box="[1032,1321,1862,1889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="75">HU XIX.1.49XIX.1.50</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7BF4654EF52EB069B6A1FEFCFD14FCD8" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" type="description">
<paragraph id="335136C5F52EB069B6A1FEFCFEC2FECE" blockId="9.[189,335,264,290]" box="[189,335,264,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
<heading id="681981A9F52EB069B6A1FEFCFEC2FECE" bold="true" box="[189,335,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" reason="3">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B6A1FEFCFEC2FECE" bold="true" box="[189,335,264,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="335136C5F52EB069B6A1FEC3FCDEFE7B" blockId="9.[189,1400,311,408]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
The specimens are unpigmented (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B453FEC3FD22FEBD" box="[591,687,311,337]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[190,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-138@7.[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. New species of Phonorhynchoidinae Tessens, Janssen &amp; Artois, 2014. A, E. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. BC, F. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov. D, G. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. AD. From live animals. EG. Details of the genital systems of the holotypes (FMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554569/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
), ~
<quantity id="F4169B20F52EB069B4C5FEC3FC91FEBE" box="[729,796,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long. The proboscis (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B23DFEC3FB0FFEBD" box="[1057,1154,311,337]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B28DFEC3FB34FEBD" box="[1169,1209,311,337]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[190,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-138@7.[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. New species of Phonorhynchoidinae Tessens, Janssen &amp; Artois, 2014. A, E. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. BC, F. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov. D, G. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. AD. From live animals. EG. Details of the genital systems of the holotypes (FMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554569/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">2D</figureCitation>
: pr) is less than 10% of the body length. A pair of eyes is located just behind the pharynx (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B23CFEAEFBF2FE98" box="[1056,1151,346,372]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B290FEAEFB39FE98" box="[1164,1204,346,372]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[190,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-138@7.[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. New species of Phonorhynchoidinae Tessens, Janssen &amp; Artois, 2014. A, E. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. BC, F. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov. D, G. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. AD. From live animals. EG. Details of the genital systems of the holotypes (FMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554569/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">2D</figureCitation>
: e). The pharynx (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B6D9FE89FEA9FE74" box="[197,292,381,408]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B72DFE8AFED4FE74" box="[305,345,382,408]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[190,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-138@7.[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. New species of Phonorhynchoidinae Tessens, Janssen &amp; Artois, 2014. A, E. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. BC, F. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov. D, G. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. AD. From live animals. EG. Details of the genital systems of the holotypes (FMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554569/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">2D</figureCitation>
: ph) is positioned in the anterior body half.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="335136C5F52EB069B6A1FE4BFD38FD65" blockId="9.[188,1401,447,649]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
A pair of testes (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B799FE4BFE69FE35" box="[389,484,447,473]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
: t) is located posterior to the pharynx. The prostatic stylet
<typeStatus id="EC558867F52EB069B2B8FE4BFB5AFE35" box="[1188,1239,447,473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
IV (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B30CFE4BFAFDFE35" box="[1296,1392,447,473]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B6A3FE16FF6AFE10" box="[191,231,482,508]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[190,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-138@7.[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. New species of Phonorhynchoidinae Tessens, Janssen &amp; Artois, 2014. A, E. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. BC, F. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov. D, G. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. AD. From live animals. EG. Details of the genital systems of the holotypes (FMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554569/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">2G</figureCitation>
: ps4, 1I) is 110120 µm long (
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B451FE17FDD7FE10" box="[589,602,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">x</emphasis>
= 114 µm; n = 3) and narrows from a width of 811 µm proximally (
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B6DBFDF2FF59FDF3" box="[199,212,518,543]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">x</emphasis>
= 9 µm; n = 3) to 5 µm distally (n = 3); the distal end is rounded. At about midway, the prostatic stylet is twisted. The accessory stylet
<typeStatus id="EC558867F52EB069B46FFDDDFD2BFDAF" box="[627,678,553,579]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
IV (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B4C5FDDCFCBAFDAF" box="[729,823,552,579]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B558FDDDFCE1FDAF" box="[836,876,553,579]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[190,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-138@7.[189,1398,614,1890]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. New species of Phonorhynchoidinae Tessens, Janssen &amp; Artois, 2014. A, E. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. BC, F. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov. D, G. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. AD. From live animals. EG. Details of the genital systems of the holotypes (FMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554569" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554569/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">2G</figureCitation>
: as4, 1J) is 105106 µm long (n = 3), slightly curved in the proximal half, and narrows from 45 µm wide proximally (n = 3) to 2 µm wide distally (n = 3); the distal end is oblique and sharp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="335136C5F52EB069B6A1FD44FD14FCD8" blockId="9.[188,1400,688,820]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
The vitellaria (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B770FD44FE44FD26" box="[364,457,688,714]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
: vi) run from just behind the pharynx to the caudal body end. The female bursa (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B6DAFD27FEA8FD02" box="[198,293,723,750]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
: b) is located beside the stylets; it is muscular but not bipartite. The ovaries (
<figureCitation id="ABD52A40F52EB069B2A5FD27FA9AFD02" box="[1209,1303,723,750]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[190,233,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[283,1288,623,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[275,1313,608,1818]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1.New species of PhonorhynchoidinaeTessens, Janssen&amp;Artois, 2014. A, DF. Brachyrhynchoides ortizi sp. nov. A. Live animal. D. Prostatic stylet type IV. E. Accessory stylet I. F. Accessory stylet II. B, GH. Djeziraia adriani sp. nov.B. Live animal.GH. Prostatic stylet type IV.C, IJ. Phonorhynchoides lalanai sp. nov. C. Live animal. I. Prostatic stylet type IV. J. Accessory stylet type IV. DG, IJ. From the holotypes (FMNH). H. Reference specimen (HU)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7554567/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
: ov) are located rostrally to the stylets; they are more or less kidney-shaped, with the oocytes organised in a row; the oocytes distally increase in diameter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7BF4654EF52EB069B6A1FCAFFBD2F92F" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="335136C5F52EB069B6A1FCAFFEBDFC99" blockId="9.[189,304,859,885]" box="[189,304,859,885]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
<heading id="681981A9F52EB069B6A1FCAFFEBDFC99" bold="true" box="[189,304,859,885]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" reason="3">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B6A1FCAFFEBDFC99" bold="true" box="[189,304,859,885]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="335136C5F52EB069B6A1FC7EFDA5FC06" blockId="9.[189,1398,906,1002]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B6A1FC7EFE7AFC48" authority="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois, 2023" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,503,906,932]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B6A1FC7EFE7AFC48" box="[189,503,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Phonorhynchoides lalanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1AA957ACF52EB069B7E3FC7EFDD7FC48" box="[511,602,906,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
exhibits the diagnostic features of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B5E4FC7EFB58FC48" authorityName="Beklemischev" authorityYear="1927" box="[1016,1237,906,932]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B5E4FC7EFB58FC48" box="[1016,1237,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Phonorhynchoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the prostatic stylet
<typeStatus id="EC558867F52EB069B715FC5AFEB1FC24" box="[265,316,942,968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
IV is larger than the accessory stylet
<typeStatus id="EC558867F52EB069B508FC5AFCCAFC24" box="[788,839,942,968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
IV, and the female bursa is muscular but not bipartite (
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52EB069B732FC24FD91FC06" author="Willems" box="[302,540,976,1002]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Willems" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" pagination="441 - 466" refId="ref11353" refString="Willems W. R., Reygel, P., Van Steenkiste N., Tessens B. &amp; Artois T. J. 2017. Kalyptorhynchia (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) from KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 4242 (3): 441 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4242.3.2" type="journal article" year="2017">
Willems
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B785FC25FE59FC06" box="[409,468,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="335136C5F52EB069B6A1FBE6FC5CFA60" blockId="9.[188,1400,1042,1420]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
The prostatic stylet of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B7D6FBE6FDB2FBC0" authority="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois, 2023" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[458,575,1042,1068]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B7D6FBE6FE56FBC7" box="[458,475,1042,1067]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B7F7FBE6FDB2FBC0" box="[491,575,1042,1068]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">lalanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1AA957ACF52EB069B45BFBE6FD2EFBC0" box="[583,675,1042,1068]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is twisted at the end of its proximal half, while this structure is never twisted in the other six known species of the genus. For comparison, the prostatic stylet is undulated in
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B740FBADFCADFB9E" authority="Ax &amp; Armonies, 1987" authorityName="Ax &amp; Armonies" authorityYear="1987" box="[348,800,1112,1139]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="carinostylis">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B740FBADFEE3FB9E" box="[348,366,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B79CFBACFD86FB9E" box="[384,523,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">carinostylis</emphasis>
Ax &amp; Armonies, 1987
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B543FBADFB64FB9E" authority="Willems &amp; Artois" authorityName="Willems &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2017" box="[863,1257,1112,1139]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gondwanae">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B543FBADFCFCFB9E" box="[863,881,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B59EFBACFB87FB9E" box="[898,1034,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">gondwanae</emphasis>
Willems &amp; Artois
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52EB069B308FBACFEC8FB79" author="Willems" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Willems" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" pagination="441 - 466" refId="ref11353" refString="Willems W. R., Reygel, P., Van Steenkiste N., Tessens B. &amp; Artois T. J. 2017. Kalyptorhynchia (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) from KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 4242 (3): 441 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4242.3.2" type="journal article" year="2017">
Willems
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B6A3FB88FF75FB79" box="[191,248,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
, 2017
</bibRefCitation>
, corkscrew-shaped in the middle in
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B4F0FB88FBE0FB79" authority="Schockaert, 1971" authorityName="Schockaert" authorityYear="1971" box="[748,1133,1147,1174]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="somaliensis">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B4F0FB88FD73FB79" box="[748,766,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B511FB8FFC1AFB79" box="[781,919,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">somaliensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52EB069B583FB8FFBE0FB79" author="Schockaert" box="[927,1133,1147,1173]" firstAuthor="Schockaert" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" pagination="101 - 122" refId="ref10378" refString="Schockaert E. R. 1971. Turbellaria from Somalia 1. Kalyptorhynchia (part 1). Monitore Zoologico Italiano 4 (5): 101 - 122." type="journal article" year="1971">Schockaert, 1971</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and almost straight in
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B6A1FB6BFDC0FB55" authority="Beklemischev, 1927" authorityName="Beklemischev" authorityYear="1927" box="[189,589,1182,1209]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flagellatus">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B6A1FB6BFF42FB54" box="[189,207,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B6C1FB6AFED4FB54" box="[221,345,1182,1208]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">flagellatus</emphasis>
Beklemischev, 1927
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B444FB6BFCEDFB55" authority="Ax, 2008" authorityName="Ax" authorityYear="2008" box="[600,864,1183,1209]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B444FB6BFDE7FB54" box="[600,618,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B464FB6BFD66FB54" box="[632,747,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">japonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52EB069B4ECFB6BFCEDFB55" author="Ax" box="[752,864,1183,1209]" firstAuthor="Ax" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" refId="ref8154" refString="Ax P. 2008. Plathelminthes aus Brackgewassern der Nordhalbkugel. Abhandlungen der Mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Klasse, Jahrgang 2008, 1. Franz Steiner Verlag, Mainz." type="book" year="2008">Ax, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B586FB6BFAFBFB54" authority="Diez, Sanjuan, Reygel &amp; Artois" authorityName="Diez, Sanjuan, Reygel &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2018" box="[922,1398,1182,1209]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B586FB6BFC21FB54" box="[922,940,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B5A6FB6BFB8CFB54" box="[954,1025,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">minor</emphasis>
Diez, Sanjuan, Reygel &amp; Artois
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52EB069B6C6FB36FE23FB30" author="Diez" box="[218,430,1218,1244]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Diez" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" pagination="1" refId="ref8715" refString="Diez Y. L., Sanjuan C., Reygel P., Roosen P. &amp; Artois T. 2018 b. First record of Polycystididae (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia) from Cuba, with the description of a new genus and five new species, and remarks and the description of one new species from Panama. Zootaxa 4514 (1): 201 - 125. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4514.1.9" type="journal article" year="2018" yearSuffix="b">
Diez
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B706FB36FED8FB37" box="[282,341,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018b
</bibRefCitation>
(for details see
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52EB069B475FB36FCD9FB30" author="Willems" box="[617,852,1218,1244]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Willems" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" pagination="441 - 466" refId="ref11353" refString="Willems W. R., Reygel, P., Van Steenkiste N., Tessens B. &amp; Artois T. J. 2017. Kalyptorhynchia (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) from KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 4242 (3): 441 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4242.3.2" type="journal article" year="2017">
Willems
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B4CFFB36FC83FB37" box="[723,782,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52EB069B57DFB36FBBCFB31" author="Diez" box="[865,1073,1218,1245]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Diez" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" pagination="1" refId="ref8715" refString="Diez Y. L., Sanjuan C., Reygel P., Roosen P. &amp; Artois T. 2018 b. First record of Polycystididae (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia) from Cuba, with the description of a new genus and five new species, and remarks and the description of one new species from Panama. Zootaxa 4514 (1): 201 - 125. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4514.1.9" type="journal article" year="2018" yearSuffix="b">
Diez
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B5BCFB36FC56FB37" box="[928,987,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
2018b
</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore, the prostatic stylet carries ornamentations in
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B422FB12FD61FB13" authorityName="Ax &amp; Armonies" authorityYear="1987" box="[574,748,1253,1279]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="carinostylis">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B422FB12FDDDFB13" box="[574,592,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B47DFB11FD61FB13" box="[609,748,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">carinostylis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(spiral ridge over the whole length) and
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B2FCFB12FAFBFB13" authorityName="Ax" authorityYear="2008" box="[1248,1398,1253,1279]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B2FCFB12FB7FFB13" box="[1248,1266,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B31FFB12FAFBFB13" box="[1283,1398,1254,1279]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(thickened proximally and short spiral ridge), which are missing in
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B5DAFAFDFBB7FACE" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[966,1082,1288,1315]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B5DAFAFDFC55FACE" box="[966,984,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B5FAFAFCFBB7FACE" box="[998,1082,1288,1314]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">lalanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B279FAFDFB57FACE" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[1125,1242,1288,1315]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B279FAFDFBFAFACE" box="[1125,1143,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B29AFAFCFB57FACE" box="[1158,1242,1288,1314]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">lalanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the prostatic stylet is distally rounded, differing from that in
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B51BFAD8FCFFFAA9" authorityName="Diez, Sanjuan, Reygel &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2018" box="[775,882,1324,1350]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B51BFAD8FC94FAA9" box="[775,793,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B537FAD8FCFFFAA9" box="[811,882,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(terminally oblique) and the other species (sharp tip). The prostatic stylet of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B447FABBFD5DFA84" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[603,720,1358,1385]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B447FABBFDE6FA84" box="[603,619,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B460FABAFD5DFA84" box="[636,720,1358,1384]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">lalanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (~114 µm) is considerably longer than that of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B313FABBFAFAFA84" authorityName="Diez, Sanjuan, Reygel &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2018" box="[1295,1399,1359,1385]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B313FABBFA92FA84" box="[1295,1311,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B32CFABBFAFAFA84" box="[1328,1399,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5358 µm), but shorter than that in the other species (see
<tableCitation id="7E6C037EF52EB069B575FA86FC4FFA60" box="[873,962,1394,1420]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="8.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 2.Comparison of the longitudes and proportions among the stylets of species of Phonorhynchoides. Abbreviations: see Table 1; as-IV = accessory stylet IV." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6791664DF52FB068B6A1FEFDFCC5FEAB" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" tableUuid="6791664DF52FB068B6A1FEFDFCC5FEAB">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="335136C5F52EB069B6A1FA47FBD2F92F" blockId="9.[188,1399,1459,1732]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
The accessory stylet
<typeStatus id="EC558867F52EB069B7ACFA40FE6EFA22" box="[432,483,1460,1486]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
IV of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B431FA40FD2CFA21" authority="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois, 2023" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[557,673,1459,1486]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B431FA40FDB2FA21" box="[557,575,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B451FA47FD2CFA21" box="[589,673,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">lalanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1AA957ACF52EB069B4B4FA40FC8FFA22" box="[680,770,1460,1486]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
ends in an oblique tip, while it ends in a pointed tip in all other species of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B781FA22FDF6FA1C" authorityName="Beklemischev" authorityYear="1927" box="[413,635,1494,1520]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B781FA22FDF6FA1C" box="[413,635,1494,1520]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Phonorhynchoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The accessory stylet of the new species (105106 µm) is smaller than that of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B757FA0EFE79F9FF" authorityName="Willems &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2017" box="[331,500,1529,1556]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gondwanae">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B757FA0EFED0F9FF" box="[331,349,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B770FA0DFE79F9FF" box="[364,500,1529,1555]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">gondwanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B432FA0EFD4FF9FF" authorityName="Ax" authorityYear="2008" box="[558,706,1530,1556]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B432FA0EFDCDF9FF" box="[558,576,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B453FA0EFD4FF9FF" box="[591,706,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but larger than that of the other species (see
<tableCitation id="7E6C037EF52EB069B2C6FA0DFABEF9F8" box="[1242,1331,1529,1556]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="8.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 2.Comparison of the longitudes and proportions among the stylets of species of Phonorhynchoides. Abbreviations: see Table 1; as-IV = accessory stylet IV." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6791664DF52FB068B6A1FEFDFCC5FEAB" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" tableUuid="6791664DF52FB068B6A1FEFDFCC5FEAB">Table 2</tableCitation>
). The length proportion between the accessory stylet
<typeStatus id="EC558867F52EB069B4F3F9E9FCAFF9DB" box="[751,802,1565,1591]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
IV and the prostatic stylet
<typeStatus id="EC558867F52EB069B27BF9E9FB17F9DB" box="[1127,1178,1565,1591]" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
IV is larger in the Caribbean species (
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B7B6F9B5FDAFF9B6" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[426,546,1600,1626]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B7B6F9B5FE31F9B6" box="[426,444,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B7D2F9B4FDAFF9B6" box="[462,546,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">lalanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
8895%,
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B4BDF9B5FC80F9B6" authorityName="Diez, Sanjuan, Reygel &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2018" box="[673,781,1600,1626]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B4BDF9B5FD3EF9B6" box="[673,691,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B4DAF9B5FC80F9B6" box="[710,781,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
7885%) than in their known congeners (
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52EB069B30EF9B4FEB2F991" author="Willems" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Willems" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" pagination="441 - 466" refId="ref11353" refString="Willems W. R., Reygel, P., Van Steenkiste N., Tessens B. &amp; Artois T. J. 2017. Kalyptorhynchia (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela) from KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 4242 (3): 441 - 466. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4242.3.2" type="journal article" year="2017">
Willems
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B6A1F990FF74F991" box="[189,249,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="577F4B34F52EB069B750F997FD96F992" author="Diez" box="[332,539,1635,1662]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Diez" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" pagination="1" refId="ref8715" refString="Diez Y. L., Sanjuan C., Reygel P., Roosen P. &amp; Artois T. 2018 b. First record of Polycystididae (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia) from Cuba, with the description of a new genus and five new species, and remarks and the description of one new species from Panama. Zootaxa 4514 (1): 201 - 125. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4514.1.9" type="journal article" year="2018" yearSuffix="b">
Diez
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B790F990FE4AF991" box="[396,455,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">et al.</emphasis>
2018b
</bibRefCitation>
) (see
<tableCitation id="7E6C037EF52EB069B47DF997FD36F991" box="[609,699,1635,1661]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="8.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 2.Comparison of the longitudes and proportions among the stylets of species of Phonorhynchoides. Abbreviations: see Table 1; as-IV = accessory stylet IV." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6791664DF52FB068B6A1FEFDFCC5FEAB" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" tableUuid="6791664DF52FB068B6A1FEFDFCC5FEAB">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Indeed, it is characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B237F990FB12F991" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[1067,1183,1635,1662]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B237F990FBB1F991" box="[1067,1084,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B257F997FB12F991" box="[1099,1183,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">lalanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B2C7F990FACFF991" authorityName="Diez, Sanjuan, Reygel &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2018" box="[1243,1346,1636,1662]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="minor">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B2C7F990FB61F991" box="[1243,1260,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B2E7F990FACFF991" box="[1275,1346,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">minor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that the prostatic stylet and accessory stylet are similar in length. The distinct morphology of the sclerotised stylets, previously discussed, warrants the status of
<taxonomicName id="F4EE4D46F52EB069B506F95EFC02F92F" authorityName="Diez &amp; Sanjuan &amp; Monnens &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2023" box="[794,911,1705,1732]" family="Polycystididae" genus="Phonorhynchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lalanai">
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B506F95EFCA1F92F" box="[794,812,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="019AEAD7F52EB069B527F95DFC02F92F" box="[827,911,1705,1731]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">lalanai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>