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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297097" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316535" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9373c90-73c5-4ee4-b0f8-4c371f527d91" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905209323" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. &amp; Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="A253CD6816C4B356A35AAD8EC765991B" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Muridae.1189-1531.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Apodemus alpicola Heinrich 1952" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" lastPageNumber="1262" masterDocId="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="1531" masterPageNumber="1189" pageNumber="1262" updateTime="1716781534040" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="916E333F2B25E34F77727D222C30FB64">Order Rodentia - Family Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="71B4EE01E041C1FB36397387656619C7">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4DF5EB604A2E2A05EDB0E5C5EE2F5ED3">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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<treatment id="A253CD6816C4B356A35AAD8EC765991B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11334372" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231540304" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11334372" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A253CD6816C4B356A35AAD8EC765991B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A253CD6816C4B356A35AAD8EC765991B" lastPageNumber="1262" pageNumber="1262" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13001205">
<subSubSection id="ED45EE1243C0775C28DA08AD16303CCC" pageNumber="1262" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="85A30BB3CCD6E7576799819FAE71C3C5" pageNumber="1262">
<taxonomicName id="89DBD27C26345CF7EC3C58B71AF95465" ID-CoL="FRHS" authority="Heinrich 1952" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="DBF59FFEE61A8EDAD8C4992FCE3F03B0" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">Apodemus alpicola</emphasis>
Heinrich 1952
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4BEC1B20250811A351C9992DDA73D33" pageNumber="1262" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0BE7AEC4188B16C28B79BCCD36FC069D" pageNumber="1262">
<treatmentCitation id="7A19FE4783D87C949D78600FD321F579" author="Heinrich" authority="Heinrich 1952" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" journal="J. Mammal." kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="260" pageNumber="1262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola" title="Apodemus alpicola" volume="33" year="1952">
<taxonomicName id="74C358F673B1900294AB4E95EE648138" ID-CoL="FRHS" authority="Heinrich 1952" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="820E3F1A3EA0A27A926E6D8D07DF4E37" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">Apodemus alpicola</emphasis>
Heinrich 1952
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="4A082AB256BACB3F902FAED137DBD459" author="Heinrich" journal="J. Mammal." pageNumber="1262" pagination="260" title="Apodemus alpicola" volume="33" year="1952">J. Mammal., 33: 260</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2CAEBDBA0A03AAB6EDA62D227FF2703D" pageNumber="1262" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="588E364150BA51F6C521FE161A6B8D03" pageNumber="1262">
<emphasis id="02F1E003BC5F8E272B992E81CAA06C75" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1262">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3447591CFD4AE8AF25D534B553659D54" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867324972" country="Germany" pageNumber="1262">
Allgäu, Osterachtal, S
<collectingCountry id="AB0215FB83A41143960E6581C872D803" name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9346B66F5B49ACBE2F23F253E8B59418" pageNumber="1262" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="01A7F736CD4DC8A33FAF01A4A8E9EA30" pageNumber="1262">
<emphasis id="A579FA5FFEA8F6B04C98C1CCAFFA7124" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1262">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="8A74139B3A65969F9038F46C658ED832" language="eng" pageNumber="1262">Alpine Field Mouse</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5ECC715AE7AA05B9855DC6663CD31C38" pageNumber="1262" type="synonym_list">
<paragraph id="EF63C006FC4211336455CCE43B715B0E" pageNumber="1262">
<emphasis id="EF60DA3F8CAA537B1D08D6DA4301ECB0" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1262">Synonyms:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CFCC6E58145AD79A1C5155F012CBB1F0" authority="Heinrich 1951" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1951" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1262" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpinus">
<emphasis id="A1DCC9669AECF9E8F0FFAE4C4E80C02C" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">Apodemus alpinus</emphasis>
Heinrich 1951
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26724AFF31DADA674650E91261D8A879" pageNumber="1262" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="665A18C02F48AAC63B9E82A745965653" pageNumber="1262">
<emphasis id="422C7F1CAC6536C29E2DD57038AD89B0" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1262">Distribution:</emphasis>
Endemic to NW parts of the Alps: S
<collectingCountry id="07E2DF2D09DA5F8A64D47B1326FD8C25" name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="266F650BDBAC6209BAC72D231773C8B6" name="Austria">Austria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="42B1C38FA5088287342628772D54578A" author="Bauer, K. &amp; F. Spitzenberger" refId="ref23945" refString="Bauer, K., and F. Spitzenberger. 1996. The Recent mammal fauna of Austria. Hystrix, n. s., 8 (1 - 2): 17 - 21." year="1996">Bauer and Spitzenberger, 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C40CE89FC685715669426B3F7699A1D6" author="Spitzenberger, F. &amp; H. Englisch" refId="ref337035" refString="Spitzenberger, F., and H. Englisch. 1996. Die alpenwaldmaus (Apodemus alpicola Heinrich, 1952) in Osterreich. Mammalia Austriaca 21. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 46 (1 - 4): 249 - 260." year="1996">Spitzenberger and Englisch, 1996</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="8ABB4209FEAD68C3DF1D606396812759" name="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="BC582076E526269D7FCF0C381B5BDFB3" name="Switzerland">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="96AC3D862E1EE0D2C4E458CA31ED4877" author="Hausser, J." refId="ref142872" refString="Hausser, J. 1995. Saugetiere der Schweiz. Verbreitung. Biologie. Okologie. Birkhauser Verlag: Basel, 501 pp." year="1995">Hausser, 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A2AEA0C45E0D4C09AEFC660ADE8270BD" author="Margry, C. J. P. J." refId="ref225195" refString="Margry, C. J. P. J. 1996. Record of Apodemus alpicola from Switzerland. Lutra, 39: 106 - 110." year="1996">Margry, 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="BF63CD05373832B33731AF30DDAA174F" author="Maurizio, R." refId="ref231876" refString="Maurizio, R. 1994. I piccoli mammiferi (Mammalia: Insectivora, Chiroptera, Rodentia, Carnivora) della Bregaglia (Grigioni, Svizzera). Il Naturalista Valtellinese-Atti del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Morbegno, 5: 91 - 138." year="1994">Maurizio, 1994</bibRefCitation>
), N
<collectingCountry id="09A3DE817D89676CC564DF7A7030D315" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="464A8F94A73CF7D27F7FAACAB5389C12" author="Amori, G. &amp; F. M. Angelici &amp; L. Boitani" refId="ref7666" refString="Amori, G., F. M. Angelici, and L. Boitani. 1999. Mammals of Italy: A revised checklist of species and subspecies (Mammalia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 79 (2): 271 - 286." year="1999">Amori et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
), and SE
<collectingCountry id="B4731E189EC5EC933A1559876BD8755E" name="France">France</collectingCountry>
; altitudinal range
<quantity id="7D4B257F613CE2D903F99FCAD6DA1ECF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.275" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.55" unit="m" value="1275.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="550.0">550-2000 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8CD1D9F4C4D1F34018EEB64C34FDD0AB" author="Mitchell-Jones, A. J. &amp; G. Amori &amp; W. Bogdanowicz &amp; B. Krystufek &amp; P. J. H. Reijnders &amp; F. Spitzenberger &amp; M. Stubbe &amp; J. B. M. Thissen &amp; V. Vohralik &amp; J. Zima" refId="ref243793" refString="Mitchell-Jones, A. J., G. Amori, W. Bogdanowicz, B. Krystufek, P. J. H. Reijnders, F. Spitzenberger, M. Stubbe, J. B. M. Thissen, V. Vohralik, and J. Zima. 1999. Atlas of European mammals. Academic Press, London, 496 pp." year="1999">Mitchell-Jones et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3197D0DEC6B6CB42ABE32F2FBCF97DFF" pageNumber="1262" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="B1E289B49AAB9D9A87326B2FD1F80694" pageNumber="1262">
<emphasis id="C967AFF7A7BAE09CFA98684BEF2410AE" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1262">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="49F0B2588F4601DC0E7E1A8C7478C7C6">IUCN</collectionCode>
Data Deficient.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7E5ACAAB01CE7F5ABD30D44E79B5C8AC" pageNumber="1262" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D770B3D9C5B9BAE66606AD7A67C8F950" pageNumber="1262">
<emphasis id="7D34AAA36100957980136A46412E7D25" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1262">Discussion:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D713844D9759F72C739512EED4708966" authorityName="Ognev" authorityYear="1924" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Sylvaemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5B254BD65F300AD1BD2CEE87B466C365" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">Sylvaemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. Originally described as a high-altitude form of
<taxonomicName id="9964FAC2ED7D43B5D9FDD1F686F76CC4" authorityName="Melchior" authorityYear="1834" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicollis">
<emphasis id="AFE282C1998B92AC1A3754B584847AF9" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. flavicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but recognized as distinct by Storch and Lütt (1989), who reviewed morphology and distribution of
<taxonomicName id="0EFE4FE3FD5746A90EEF229868B0789B" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="D40417A0D7CD4F9BE37618E6AB076F6E" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">S. alpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and noted that it occurred syntopically with
<taxonomicName id="281DB20FC4B84742DD29144F865BE9CD" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">
<emphasis id="9F6D3BE42B3F99BCEBC462B826DF84F0" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. sylvaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D59AE692F2D96667BAE36CD639D3FC4C" authorityName="Melchior" authorityYear="1834" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicollis">
<emphasis id="BD21581B8F7249FEF5FE024E182489B7" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. flavicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The specific integrity of
<taxonomicName id="C69F7E73D0345E1C421B2D2E1CCF9BF3" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="6DFF6A50A64347EB440F33FF7642446D" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">S. alpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been confirmed by allozymic and gene sequence studies (
<bibRefCitation id="10AA2301278699C4C96E8D1ABC8AEAAF" author="Filippucci, M. G." refId="ref100706" refString="Filippucci, M. G. 1992. Allozyme variation and divergence among European, Middle Eastern, and North African species of the genus Apodemus (Rodentia, Muridae). Israel Journal of Zoology, 38: 193 - 218." year="1992">Filippucci, 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0ACFEF4B0A52D4535DF8124A84CB03D5" author="Filippucci, M. G. &amp; M. Macholan &amp; J. R. Michaux" refId="ref101831" refString="Filippucci, M. G., M. Macholan, and J. R. Michaux. 2002. Genetic variation and evolution in the genus Apodemus (Muridae: Rodentia). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 75: 395 - 419." year="2002">Filippucci et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CD89E38F92863C7BA074D4BDFF3403CA" author="Liu, X. &amp; F. Wei &amp; M. Li &amp; X. Jiang &amp; Z. Feng &amp; J. Hu" refId="ref215103" refString="Liu, X., F. Wei, M. Li, X. Jiang, Z. Feng, and J. Hu. 2004. Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of wood mice (genus Apodemus Kaup, 1829) based on complete mtDNA cytochrome b sequences, with emphasis on Chinese species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 33: 1 - 15." year="2004">Liu et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C9F777776717F93945085C481289E886" author="Michaux, J. &amp; P. Chevret &amp; M. - G. Filippucci &amp; M. Macholan" refId="ref240901" refString="Michaux, J., P. Chevret, M. - G. Filippucci, and M. Macholan. 2002 a. Phylogeny of the genus Apodemus with a special emphasis on the subgenus Sylvaemus using the nuclear IRBP gene and two mitochondrial markers: Cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 23: 123 - 136." year="2002">
Michaux et al., 2002
<emphasis id="32E8771EB71461477B486580E4A1C070" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5A063A159E4E64B0A6CF9E013B756331" author="Reutter, B. A. &amp; E. Petit &amp; H. Brunner &amp; P. Vogel" refId="ref302963" refString="Reutter, B. A., E. Petit, H. Brunner, and P. Vogel. 2003. Cytochrome b haplotype divergences in West European Apodemus. Mammalian Biology, 68: 153 - 164." year="2003">Reutter et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="73D29CB2EA517873781EECF55D89A8F6" author="Serizawa, K. &amp; H. Suzuki &amp; K. Tsuchiya" refId="ref323880" refString="Serizawa, K., H. Suzuki, and K. Tsuchiya. 2000. A phylogenetic view on species radiation in Apodemus inferred from variation of nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Biochemical Genetics, 38 (1 / 2): 27 - 40." year="2000">Serizawa et al., 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3BCF63F0D71F3B6B1ED65BD65F4A2867" author="Suzuki, H. &amp; J. J. Sato &amp; K. Tsuchiya &amp; J. Luo &amp; Y. - P. Zhang &amp; Y. - X. Wang &amp; X. - L. Jiang" refId="ref345051" refString="Suzuki, H., J. J. Sato, K. Tsuchiya, J. Luo, Y. - P. Zhang, Y. - X. Wang, and X. - L. Jiang. 2003. Molecular phylogeny of wood mice (Apodemus, Muridae) in East Asia. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 80: 469 - 481." year="2003">Suzuki et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="034A3254DED8118A5165CB6482668D3C" author="Vogel, P. &amp; T. Maddalena &amp; A. Mabille &amp; G. Paquet" refId="ref374527" refString="Vogel, P., T. Maddalena, A. Mabille, and G. Paquet. 1991. Confirmation biochimique du statut specifique du mulot alpestre Apodemus alpicola Heinrich, 1952 (Mammalia, Rodentia). Bulletin Societie Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, 80: 471 - 481." year="1991">Vogel et al., 1991</bibRefCitation>
). Filippuccis (1992) report of allozymic variation at 28-33 loci suggested that
<taxonomicName id="C961DF91B30D8FA1B98ADED382A3EF2C" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="9727EACE73495FE491FD068AE7FB5A13" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. alpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be most closely related to
<taxonomicName id="3B11672A16AE37F2099CDE7529CC6086" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uralensis">
<emphasis id="DC2C4B356485A775468FE64A04FA761C" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. uralensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which occurs from E Europe to NW
<collectingCountry id="5B164B5B17DE73EB366F22ED9757D886" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(similar results are reported for Turkish samples by Filippucci et al., 1996), and that
<taxonomicName id="AB9E63E4092D6DFCB90DDB12F55983FB" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uralensis">
<emphasis id="97ED463F532A6250B469BE2A1EC42140" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. uralensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="1A1B80D17DE3FAE791360F6ABC693614" authorityName="Melchior" authorityYear="1834" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicollis">
<emphasis id="6F7AFC46661D696BF78851B5C2910D52" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. flavicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="36CF3E09F4F3F243D625B32104443C39" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="F7A260A436DDA0F07393FAA7EB7C8359" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. alpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="E8573ED6D2892D0192FCC015C7D37EC7" authorityName="Filippucci, Simson, and Nevo" authorityYear="1989" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hermonensis">
<emphasis id="6DAAAE34974C78413FB28F6D3018EAD8" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. hermonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="E9528886B2A66F80574C6FB14573AECE" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1902" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="witherbyi">
<emphasis id="6A77389850E099526C8C51A4398A77EB" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. witherbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) separated recently from a common ancestor. The sister-species relationship between
<taxonomicName id="B481486400AF1024E656C34C2A6ACA8B" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="EAB8567BB708989B562AF95CDA2A6B0B" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. alpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1D5B5A6D1C096927C56901D759847CFB" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1811" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uralensis">
<emphasis id="06D9BC3E80F6A41AF7AB013117E80E9D" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. uralensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was corroborated by Michaux et al.
<bibRefCitation id="A1141AAE138CDAC0AD7FD09EC74A1D92" author="Kawada, S. &amp; M. Harada &amp; A. S. Grafodatsky &amp; S. Oda" refId="ref181366" refString="Kawada, S., M. Harada, A. S. Grafodatsky, and S. Oda. 2002 a. Cytogenetic study of the Siberian mole, Talpa altaica (Insectivora: Talpidae) and karyological relationships within the genus Talpa. Mammalia, 66: 53 - 62." year="2002">
s (2002
<emphasis id="7DE461AE0129C51F42FB0E780502479D" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">a</emphasis>
)
</bibRefCitation>
phylogenetic analyses of the mtDNA cytochrome
<emphasis id="C68DF8AB7B5645DDD304B0154FC51FFE" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">b</emphasis>
and 12S rRNA sequences, and Reutter et al.s (2003) analyses of cytochrome
<emphasis id="B20E0DFF0BA230F8EAFEB5C208562AAA" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">b</emphasis>
haplotype divergences, but not by complete mtDNA cytochrome
<emphasis id="CC9428B44C34AE9099E510C939D7021E" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">b</emphasis>
sequences (
<bibRefCitation id="3A60CC0F1FD543FD6DA3350F91920506" author="Liu, X. &amp; F. Wei &amp; M. Li &amp; X. Jiang &amp; Z. Feng &amp; J. Hu" refId="ref215103" refString="Liu, X., F. Wei, M. Li, X. Jiang, Z. Feng, and J. Hu. 2004. Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of wood mice (genus Apodemus Kaup, 1829) based on complete mtDNA cytochrome b sequences, with emphasis on Chinese species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 33: 1 - 15." year="2004">Liu et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
). A discriminant function analysis of cranial and dental measurements for distinguishing samples of
<taxonomicName id="E37095BC5D7B3DAE4ACF546EF887C619" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">
<emphasis id="8F5D9FAAA8A03774053386839A566C1D" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. sylvaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="472CD6CD632B7F51CAFC928A669DB2AC" authorityName="Melchior" authorityYear="1834" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicollis">
<emphasis id="28D1684118B2348E52567C28C351DDFE" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. flavicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="26CCDB0323548E95C5E9DDE13BDC2BC0" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="1728D45BCE8DA5AD62A3CAAF1AD5366E" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. alpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
provided by
<bibRefCitation id="823DB42269F68A2316F812AA312A9338" author="Reutter, B. A. &amp; J. Hausser &amp; P. Vogel" refId="ref302814" refString="Reutter, B. A., J. Hausser, and P. Vogel. 1999. Discriminant analysis of skull morphometric characters in Apodemus sylvaticus, A. flavicollis, and A. alpicola. Acta Theriologica, 44 (3): 299 - 308." year="1999">Reutter et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, who also documented variation in banded chromosomes between
<taxonomicName id="7293441E6825260F82DBE54F787F0F10" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="127511063E37D82F9998D8D6D37282D8" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. alpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D794858881639D2A5CF785319884D318" authority="(Reutter et al., 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Reutter" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uralensis">
<emphasis id="CB213A8BC6F80B4D31C7308A2F8B8FAC" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. uralensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2E20682A3755343AF52A7417EA0ACCA4" author="Reutter, B. A. &amp; P. Nova &amp; P. Vogel &amp; J. Zima" refId="ref302863" refString="Reutter, B. A., P. Nova, P. Vogel, and J. Zima. 2001. Karyotypic variation between wood mouse species: Banded chromosomes of Apodemus alpicola and A. microps. Acta Theriologica, 46 (4): 353 - 362." year="2001">Reutter et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="DE67BFFBC872F74D7E33F16E92E3EDD7" author="Michaux, J. &amp; S. Kinet &amp; M. - G. Filippucci &amp; R. Libois &amp; A. Besnard &amp; F. Catzeflis" refId="ref240787" refString="Michaux, J., S. Kinet, M. - G. Filippucci, R. Libois, A. Besnard, and F. Catzeflis. 2001 a. Molecular identification of three sympatric species of wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus, A. flavicollis, A. alpicola) in western Europe (Muridae: Rodentia). Molecular Ecology Notes, 4 pp." year="2001">
Michaux et al. (2001
<emphasis id="D22C05BE31291CF138B3645582C3D439" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">a</emphasis>
)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="01DF51A787C30BB4444EF8ADE931AA69" author="Reutter, B. A. &amp; E. Petit &amp; P. Vogel" refId="ref302914" refString="Reutter, B. A., E. Petit, and P. Vogel. 2002. Molecular identification of an endemic Alpine mammal, Apodemus alpicola, using a PCR-based RFLP method. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 109 (1): 9 - 16." year="2002">Reutter et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
described a relatively simple process where species-specific primers derived from mtDNA cytochrome
<emphasis id="98C651C8255EFF6426736075428603E4" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">b</emphasis>
sequences can be used to rapidly identify specimens of
<taxonomicName id="2D5AD07ADF886D6733F551F088AF3C77" authorityName="Heinrich" authorityYear="1952" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alpicola">
<emphasis id="D51070C8BC06C53C29FC32D3D4F42FE6" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. alpicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A6D8E8AA18999ADE134DA275A242EF10" authorityName="Melchior" authorityYear="1834" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavicollis">
<emphasis id="C21798FB46DE8652AF40EBF8B3B4EDD4" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. flavicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="0B4CB61437A608D05A6904481FF23549" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">
<emphasis id="A160BB4E7FE93DB358A87AABE66068A6" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">A. sylvaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in regions of sympatry or syntopy. Included in Mezhzherins (1997
<emphasis id="9C8DEF995BC405C5A17F4AF8CEA09AFB" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">a</emphasis>
) review of N Eurasian
<taxonomicName id="6C2DD66B78BC58D9A521E1CFE0F03475" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Apodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5FAC1CBD76EC51EA35E0098BE2F32D1" italics="true" pageNumber="1262">Apodemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and also reviewed by
<bibRefCitation id="4B9E67C19013B8C0F07E506E477B024C" author="Mitchell-Jones, A. J. &amp; G. Amori &amp; W. Bogdanowicz &amp; B. Krystufek &amp; P. J. H. Reijnders &amp; F. Spitzenberger &amp; M. Stubbe &amp; J. B. M. Thissen &amp; V. Vohralik &amp; J. Zima" refId="ref243793" refString="Mitchell-Jones, A. J., G. Amori, W. Bogdanowicz, B. Krystufek, P. J. H. Reijnders, F. Spitzenberger, M. Stubbe, J. B. M. Thissen, V. Vohralik, and J. Zima. 1999. Atlas of European mammals. Academic Press, London, 496 pp." year="1999">Mitchell-Jones et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="2AC11F600143C107DC5EEAB680C78158" author="Musser, G. G. &amp; E. M. Brothers &amp; M. D. Carleton &amp; R. Hutterer" refId="ref253260" refString="Musser, G. G., E. M. Brothers, M. D. Carleton, and R. Hutterer. 1996. Taxonomy and distributional records of Oriental and European Apodemus, with a review of the Apodemus-Sylvaemus problem. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 46 (1 - 4): 143 - 190." year="1996">Musser et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
listed specimens and discussed subgeneric allocation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>