159 lines
16 KiB
XML
159 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="5AE94C8ED50C3E76E032232C3999C4AC" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.184062" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89a3460a-6650-4941-9757-7ef48a8e77c9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="184062" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459940242068" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N." docDate="2008" docId="902D87820360FFC5FF19E3F6D53903FD" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01874p015.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1874" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paraephydra Mathis, 2008, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="6C14FFFA0363FFC1FF8EE661D459007F" masterDocTitle="Two new neotropical genera of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="15" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698230402356" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="800DD18957506A84DDA257863BFAF9E3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A46E0CEF9C15FEF805B23A4C45D296BA">
|
||
<mods:title id="9AE38E56BE067546A84B265BB3F2D789">Two new neotropical genera of the shore-fly tribe Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="505D3E6E6FCE790F861857365E25BA61" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="ACF492AC5A535FAE641ADB2DCC4A919D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="1AA8C19F34189496B085CBD17029644F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9C239C3C34CB94182EB524258B966E3A">Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="8F2128C43B13E07CA596484611B1C76B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="4F4C5BFFD61B3782F8EA5666213C79A3" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="EFBA55F5677330B7EB23A56DAD681020">
|
||
<mods:title id="2A4E5764BD3E574202DB6992898CFC82">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="75A63D92D7D1C402B41353B353A301CC">
|
||
<mods:date id="EB72B24709283725FABF2456A88F34C6">2008</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="4A3E65FB3FEBB297094E9785A46C0748" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="E71F9AA21ADBA0F08B35C2FAF0874221">1874</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="D4C5FD8254DAA6BC40B0FC4687B5C7A6" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="DEE64F0C34FA5645662CA0F4E9217730">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="3A009FADF138203C6F23A6C4A8CC9000">15</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="F0E3F8F65DCD05EA195CAE832C5F8049">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2A9722B3D643C3C0C2C2702DE9FB2379" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.184062</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5C6BD3AC08B66578395CBB44AE3410E2" type="GBIF-Dataset">89a3460a-6650-4941-9757-7ef48a8e77c9</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5D5A06432EE97712F212F293455EC25E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1915591D4C1D506DB040DED763D508A7" type="Zenodo-Dep">184062</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="902D87820360FFC5FF19E3F6D53903FD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3509656" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119375858" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3509656" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:902D87820360FFC5FF19E3F6D53903FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/902D87820360FFC5FF19E3F6D53903FD" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<subSubSection id="509E651F0360FFC2FF19E3F6D5F605CE" box="[151,431,1431,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940360FFC2FF19E3F6D5F605CE" blockId="3.[151,431,1431,1457]" box="[151,431,1431,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading id="437381F80360FFC2FF19E3F6D5F605CE" bold="true" box="[151,431,1431,1457]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860360FFC2FF19E3F6D5F605CE" bold="true" box="[151,431,1431,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860360FFC2FF19E3F6D56305CE" bold="true" box="[151,314,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170360FFC2FF19E3F6D56C05CE" ID-CoL="63JYV" box="[151,309,1431,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Paraephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Paraephydra</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="31C357FD0360FFC2FECCE3F6D5F605CE" box="[322,431,1431,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="509E651F0360FFC2FF19E381D7D90588" box="[151,896,1504,1527]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940360FFC2FF19E381D7D90588" blockId="3.[151,896,1504,1527]" box="[151,896,1504,1527]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<typeStatus id="C73F88360360FFC2FF19E381D4950588" box="[151,204,1504,1527]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170360FFC2FEA3E381D6240588" authority="Oliveira" authorityName="Oliveira" box="[301,637,1504,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Paraephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freitasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860360FFC2FEA3E381D6520588" box="[301,523,1504,1527]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paraephydra freitasi</emphasis>
|
||
(Oliveira)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by present designation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="509E651F0360FFC2FF19E043D71E0703" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940360FFC2FF19E043D6D106F3" blockId="3.[151,1437,1570,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860360FFC2FF19E043D54E0643" bold="true" box="[151,279,1570,1596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170360FFC2FEAFE042D5E50643" box="[289,444,1571,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Paraephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860360FFC2FEAFE042D5E50643" box="[289,444,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Paraephydra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from other genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170360FFC2FC1DE043D0510643" box="[915,1032,1570,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ephydrini">Ephydrini</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of characters: Moderately small to medium-sized shore flies, body length
|
||
<quantity id="DF7C9B710360FFC2FB86E02BD0E0061B" box="[1032,1209,1610,1636]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0999999999999996" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="3.0999999999999996" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.4">2.40–3.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
; setation normally developed, not generally appearing pilose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940360FFC2FF48E0FAD71E0703" blockId="3.[151,1437,1570,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860360FFC2FF48E0FAD55606CB" box="[198,271,1691,1716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
Mesofrons shiny, with metallic luster, differentiated from microtomentose parafrons; cruciate intrafrontal setae l; lateroclinate, fronto-orbital setae 2; antennal groove distinct but not deeply impressed; basal flagellomere lacking large seta inserted on lateral surface; arista as long or slightly longer than combined length of 1st 3 antennal segments, gradually tapered from base to apex, with subpectinate, dorsally branching rays on basal 2/3; postocular setae normally developed, not conspicuous; larger facial setae extended from interfoveal hump with 1–2, distinctly porrect to anaclinate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="509E651F0360FFC5FF48E1EAD6CC01DD" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940360FFC5FF48E1EAD5DE00A5" blockId="3.[151,1437,1570,2036]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,898]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860360FFC2FF48E1EAD57C07DB" box="[198,293,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Females with 1 prescutellar, acrostichal setae; dorsocentral setae 4 (1+3), all well developed; supra-alar seta present; posthumeral seta lacking; intrapostalar seta either weakly developed or lacking; disc of scutellum concolorous with posterior portion of scutum; females lacking dense patch of setae between posterior 2 dorsocentral setae. Hindtibia with apical, anteroventral seta, length equal to or larger than width of tibia at widest point.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940367FFC5FF48E689D6CC01DD" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FF48E689D567017E" box="[198,318,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Abdomen:</emphasis>
|
||
Female ventral receptacle with operculum flat, disclike. Male terminalia: symmetrical; epandrium longer than wide, narrowed ventrally, fused almost imperceptibly with base of united surstyli; surstyli fused medially except near apex; posterior surstylar process only slightly longer than lateral process; both processes apical; gonite, hypandrium, and apparently aedeagus fused to form 1 compact structure, curved anteriorly, wide basally, tapered to rounded apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="509E651F0367FFC5FF48E7CED0A60215" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940367FFC5FF48E7CED6D7018D" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FF48E7CED53E01B6" bold="true" box="[198,359,431,457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FEE1E7D1D65A01B6" box="[367,515,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Neotropical;</emphasis>
|
||
widespread but scarce, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="609376040367FFC5FCEEE7D1D7B501B5" box="[864,1004,432,458]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
south through
|
||
<collectingCountry id="609376040367FFC5FB11E7D1D0BF01B5" box="[1183,1254,432,458]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="609376040367FFC5FA83E7D1D10801B5" box="[1293,1361,432,458]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
. None of the congeners is known to be sympatric.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940367FFC5FF48E79ED0A60215" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FF48E79ED5C10266" bold="true" box="[198,408,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Natural History.</emphasis>
|
||
Like other ephydrines,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170367FFC5FD4EE461D7020266" box="[704,859,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Paraephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FD4EE461D7020266" box="[704,859,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Paraephydra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in wetlands. In southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="609376040367FFC5FB7FE461D1680265" box="[1265,1329,512,538]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Osorno Province), I collected specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170367FFC5FDC8E449D6E3023E" box="[582,698,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Paraephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stauros">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FDC8E449D6E3023E" box="[582,698,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. stauros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a sedge meadow near the margins of small but apparently permanent ponds. Nothing is known about the immature stages or the microhabitat of the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="509E651F0367FFC5FF48E416D53903FD" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940367FFC5FF48E416D6C9029D" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FF48E416D50B02EE" bold="true" box="[198,338,631,657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170367FFC5FED7E419D5AD02EE" box="[345,500,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Paraephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FED7E419D5AD02EE" box="[345,500,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Paraephydra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is proposed to accommodate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170367FFC5FCDBE419D0C102ED" authority="Oliveira" authorityName="Oliveira" box="[853,1176,632,658]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Ephydrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freitasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FCDBE419D06902EE" box="[853,1072,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ephydrella freitasi</emphasis>
|
||
Oliveira
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FB5CE419D11502EE" box="[1234,1356,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170367FFC5FB5CE419D11102EE" box="[1234,1352,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Paraephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stauros">P. stauros</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
which is similar and closely related (see “Remarks” section under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170367FFC5FCD7E4C1D79002C6" box="[857,969,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Ephydrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freitasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FCD7E4C1D79002C6" box="[857,969,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. freitasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for further comments on the classificatory history and placement of that species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="183B36940367FFC5FF48E491D53903FD" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Sexual dimorphism is evident in the chaetotaxy of
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FC97E491D7E50376" box="[793,956,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170367FFC5FC97E491D7E10376" box="[793,952,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Paraephydra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paraephydra</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Females, unlike males, have a prescutellar acrostichal seta that is larger than other acrostichal setulae. Based on this character,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7C154B650367FFC5FB5BE579D1C2034D" author="Oliveira" box="[1237,1435,792,818]" pageId="4" pageNumber="15" refString="Oliveira, S. J. de. (1954 a) Contribuicao para o conhecimento do genero " Dimecoenia " Cresson, 1916. II. Sobre 3 especies novas do Brasil (Diptera, Ephydridae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 14 (3), 269 - 278." type="journal article" year="1954" yearSuffix="a">Oliveira (1954a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FE9FE521D5260326" box="[273,383,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. f re i t a s i</emphasis>
|
||
in the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FDA5E521D6ED0326" box="[555,692,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170367FFC5FDA5E521D6F60326" box="[555,687,832,857]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Ephydrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ephydrella</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as that genus, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF844D170367FFC5FC4FE521D16F0325" authority="Neotropical" authorityName="Neotropical" box="[961,1334,832,858]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Dimecoenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AF0EA860367FFC5FC4FE521D00C0326" box="[961,1109,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dimecoenia,</emphasis>
|
||
sensu Neotropical
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, lacks these setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |