236 lines
20 KiB
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236 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e72764" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-11-e72764" ID-Pensoft-UUID="483CCF09D3A05B029A3B4B4A30E4CB79" ModsDocID="1314-2828-11-e72764" checkinTime="1673667829734" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Thomas-Cabianca, Arianna, Villet, Martin H., Martinez-Sanchez, Anabel & Rojo, Santos" docDate="2023" docId="6595D8708E1D5C458278078381CBE5E9" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 11: e72764" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 11" docPubDate="2023-01-13" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e72764" docTitle="Rhyncomya soyauxi Karsch 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="483CCF09D3A05B029A3B4B4A30E4CB79" lastPageNumber="72764" masterDocId="483CCF09D3A05B029A3B4B4A30E4CB79" masterDocTitle="South African nose flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Rhiniinae): taxonomy, diversity, distribution and biology" masterLastPageNumber="72764" masterPageNumber="72764" pageNumber="72764" updateTime="1673667829734" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>South African nose flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Rhiniinae): taxonomy, diversity, distribution and biology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Thomas-Cabianca, Arianna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2126-6222</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, E- 03080, Alicante, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">athomasbio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Villet, Martin H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-5667</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Rhodes University, Southern African Forensic Entomology Research Laboratory, Grahamstown, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Martinez-Sanchez, Anabel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, E- 03080, Alicante, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rojo, Santos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-9643</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, E- 03080, Alicante, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-01-13</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>72764</mods:start>
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<mods:end>72764</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e72764</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e72764</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-11-e72764</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">483CCF09D3A05B029A3B4B4A30E4CB79</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6595D8708E1D5C458278078381CBE5E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6595D8708E1D5C458278078381CBE5E9" lastPageNumber="72764" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="797TL" ID-ENA="1240424" LSID="6595D870-8E1D-5C45-8278-078381CBE5E9" authority="Karsch, 1886" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Rhyncomya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyncomya soyauxi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soyauxi">Rhyncomya soyauxi Karsch, 1886</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Rhyncomya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyncomya soyauxi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soyauxi">= Rhyncomya soyauxi</taxonomicName>
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Karsch, 1886: 262.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Type locality</emphasis>
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: Pongo-Andongo [Angola].
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Remarks</emphasis>
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: HT in ZMHB.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Rhyncomya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyncomya pictifacies" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictifacies">= Rhyncomya pictifacies</taxonomicName>
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Bigot, 1888: 595.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Type locality</emphasis>
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: Cape [South Africa].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Rhynchomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchomyia isaea" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="isaea">= Rhynchomyia isaea</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
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, 1933: 69.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Type locality</emphasis>
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: Cameroon.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Seguy" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Rhynchomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhynchomyia proterva" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proterva">= Rhynchomyia proterva</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Séguy">Seguy</normalizedToken>
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, 1938: 378.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Type locality</emphasis>
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: Kenya, Mt. Elgon.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Afrotropical</emphasis>
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: Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda*, South Africa (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 107" captionStartId="F7029166" captionText="Figure 107. Rhyncomya soyauxi occurrence map in South Africa, including eSwatini (eSw) and Lesotho (Le); horizontal axis longitude east and vertical axis latitude south." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.10.e72764.figure107" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537670" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">107</figureCitation>
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), Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Notes</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Preferred environment</emphasis>
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: wild environments such as
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliatae" family="Umbelliferae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia" order="Umbellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Acacia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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veld (dry mixed bush, savannah and woodland), forests (indigenous Afromontane, broad-leafed deciduous woodland,
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<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Compositae" genus="Ficus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ficus" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Ficus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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forest, sand and red sand), grasslands (grassy floodplain, mixed, grass and Kathu), savannah, Kalahari thornveld and rural and urban environments, such as the Albany Museum grounds, camp site areas and sewage-seepage areas. In Kenya, Kenyan dry forest; in Malawi, forest edge, margins and grasslands; in Namibia, the Kwando River floodplain, Miombo and mopane woodlands and open savannah floodplain. Almost all Namibian biomes, except the Hyper-Arid Desert and Succulent Karoo Biomes (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kurahashi, Hiromu" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="1 - 131" refId="B7071266" refString="Kurahashi, Hiromu, Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H., 2006. The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea). Zootaxa 1322: 1 - 131" title="The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea)" volume="1322" year="2006">Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Recorded elevations</emphasis>
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: 17-1628 m a.s.l.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Seasonality</emphasis>
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: abundant species recorded year-round, with highest abundance in warmer months and lower in colder. Abundant in Namibia, peaking in February and September (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kurahashi, Hiromu" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="1 - 131" refId="B7071266" refString="Kurahashi, Hiromu, Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H., 2006. The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea). Zootaxa 1322: 1 - 131" title="The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea)" volume="1322" year="2006">Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Behaviour and ecology</emphasis>
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: flower-frequenting, both sexes feed on flowers, especially
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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(as
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<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Compositae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Compositae</taxonomicName>
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) in the savannah forest of Zimbabwe (as
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Compositae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. pictifacies" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictifacies">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">R. pictifacies</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Cuthbertson, A" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings and Transaction of the Rhodesia Scientific Association" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="81 - 111" refId="B7073224" refString="Cuthbertson, A, 1933. The habits and life histories of some Diptera in Southern Rhodesia. Proceedings and Transaction of the Rhodesia Scientific Association 32 (May): 81 - 111" title="The habits and life histories of some Diptera in Southern Rhodesia" volume="32" year="1933">Cuthbertson 1933</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation author="Peris, Salvador V" journalOrPublisher="Anales de la Estacion Experimental Aula Dei" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="1 - 224" refId="B7071531" refString="Peris, Salvador V, 1952. La subfamilia Rhiniinae (Dipt. Calliphoridae). Anales de la Estacion Experimental Aula Dei 3 (1): 1 - 224" title="La subfamilia Rhiniinae (Dipt. Calliphoridae)" volume="3" year="1952">Peris (1952b)</bibRefCitation>
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also recorded the species on flowers of wild
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Compositae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Compositae</taxonomicName>
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and Cape Gooseberry in Zambia. In South Africa, some specimens were recorded to be associated with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliatae" family="Umbelliferae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia" order="Umbellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Acacia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Boscia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Boscia" order="Brassicales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Boscia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliatae" family="Umbelliferae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia" order="Umbellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Acacia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Rhigozum" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhigozum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Rhigozum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Burch. scrub and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Searsia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Searsia" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Searsia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. F.A.Barkley (as
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhus" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Rhus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Females were observed ovipositing in rich soil at the edge of fresh cow-dung, Eastern Victoria, Zimbabwe. Additionally,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Compositae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. soyauxi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soyauxi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">R. soyauxi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was caught together with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="F. Smith" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembix albofasciata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albofasciata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Bembix albofasciata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembix melanopa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanopa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Bembix melanopa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as their prey.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Life cycle and developmental stages</emphasis>
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: unknown, but
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<bibRefCitation author="Cuthbertson, A" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings and Transaction of the Rhodesia Scientific Association" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="81 - 111" refId="B7073224" refString="Cuthbertson, A, 1933. The habits and life histories of some Diptera in Southern Rhodesia. Proceedings and Transaction of the Rhodesia Scientific Association 32 (May): 81 - 111" title="The habits and life histories of some Diptera in Southern Rhodesia" volume="32" year="1933">Cuthbertson (1933)</bibRefCitation>
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indicated that their eggs are similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Compositae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. pruinosa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">R. pruinosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, cream-coloured, sausage-shaped and about 1.75 mm long.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Collection methods</emphasis>
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: Malaise and light traps, MV and black light trap and sweeping. In Botswana, Malaise traps; in Kenya, general sweeping, Malaise and migration traps. In Namibia, with yellow, blue and white pans, pitfall and Malaise traps, hand net, sweeping, UV-light and McPhail traps baited with Nu-Lure (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kurahashi, Hiromu" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="1 - 131" refId="B7071266" refString="Kurahashi, Hiromu, Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H., 2006. The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea). Zootaxa 1322: 1 - 131" title="The Calliphoridae of Namibia (Diptera: Oestroidea)" volume="1322" year="2006">Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Illustrations and photographs</emphasis>
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: female habitus as in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 108" captionStartId="F7029170" captionText="Figure 108. Habitus, left lateral view of Rhyncomya soyauxi female ZMHB HT from Angola; scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/BDJ.10.e72764.figure108" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/537671" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">108</figureCitation>
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. Male terminalia as in fig. 53 in
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<bibRefCitation author="Zumpt, Fritz" journalOrPublisher="[III] +" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" pagination="1 - 209" refId="B7073017" refString="Zumpt, Fritz, 1958. Calliphoridae (Diptera Cyclorrapha) Part II: Rhiniini. Exploration du Parc National Albert, Mission G. F. de Witte (1933-1935). [III] + 92: 1 - 209" title="Calliphoridae (Diptera Cyclorrapha) Part II: Rhiniini. Exploration du Parc National Albert, Mission G. F. de Witte (1933 - 1935)" volume="92" year="1958">Zumpt (1958)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Type material examined</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Compositae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="R. soyauxi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soyauxi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">R. soyauxi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: 1? // Typus // Pungo-Andongo / Leg. V. Homeyer // 11013 //
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<taxonomicName genus="Rhynch" lsidName="Rhynch" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Rhynch</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. /?
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<taxonomicName genus="Soyeauxi" lsidName="Soyeauxi" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Soyeauxi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/ K.* //
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Rhyncomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyncomyia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Rhyncomyia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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? /
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Rhyncomya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyncomya soyauxi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soyauxi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Rhyncomya soyauxi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Karsch / C =
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Rhiniidae" genus="Rhyncomya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyncomya pictifacies" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictifacies">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Rhyncomya pictifacies</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Bigot) // [ZMHB].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="72764">Material examined</emphasis>
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: Suppl. materials 1, 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |