271 lines
35 KiB
XML
271 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="B16C7A862DC934790E08668E5114690C" ID-CLB-Dataset="33547" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b6521187-a030-4b18-8f9d-f35084c9336a" ID-PMC="PMC3487634" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-221-31" ID-PubMed="23129980" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-221-31" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 221" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini)" checkinTime="1451248746570" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bzdyk, Emily L." docDate="2012" docId="26FCFB77BB4EB874BCD0BECF3DA3E8C2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 221: 31-61" docOrigin="ZooKeys 221" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234" docTitle="Megachile (Litomegachile) texana Cresson 1878" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="CB68FFB2082C476FFFF5FFD7FFFB0B6B" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1732746978886" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="51F5099A9C3B58F156A8EA463434F3DF">
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<mods:title id="139A52EC1D5B74CBB249CD75D906F43A">A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F2A5C9B5BAD26E5B82F79803E1F186D2">Bzdyk, Emily L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CBF7C75F414EEBC089A4CF11A64FECEA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="16380D1CD5E95FE467049574C67F71C2">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="97254F9281D11F79FA4A069AAB3D688C">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3D63E447E22446AB568AEB36FFDF185F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0CB00E74CFBD4567ADBA9E6DED35C4BF">221</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="CC8598CB78CC20608B505FB852C2BD84" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="F439510DC2A9DCB30E547D4D509619F4">31</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="CA2D150F90D1575EE8C34FAF87FFCA13">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="C7BD2071CC4E6D4172D49DDF3302A2E3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3D1EA06F8180D1C7E32C45C263E90E94" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.221.3234</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9E2FA593376E8E2AD8E0ED5AA535694B" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-221-31</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="26FCFB77BB4EB874BCD0BECF3DA3E8C2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037033" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FCFB77BB4EB874BCD0BECF3DA3E8C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/26FCFB77BB4EB874BCD0BECF3DA3E8C2" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" scope_family="Megachilidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_tribe="Megachilini">
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<subSubSection id="89E79A3E72DDA9E0D7FC8A389C6BFD78" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D8376EFEEBD588C0149EBB5099B0C7A3" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="500E05F0768A63363E8CBAF8C06F3156" ID-CoL="3YSHR" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Megachile_texana" authority="Cresson, 1878" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile (Litomegachile) texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana" subGenus="Litomegachile">Megachile (Litomegachile) texana Cresson, 1878</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5D16A83991D7B9036E22A1D6DA258AD1" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="42F8051FD6BDCE88FD97E5FA40F81678" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="7E663DDE4C55C5D64A7684A3920F9A56" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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Cresson, 1878: 125. Holotype male, USA: Texas (ANSP).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="31C4C2B11A18F5B8D8065E2420748688" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="6594D98C4D53F83FF1681849D55A4489" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile generosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="generosa">Megachile generosa</taxonomicName>
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Cresson, 1878: 125. Holotype female, USA: Georgia (ANSP).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A84F81BD5F01186A50C989D898F4816B" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="8E2CBA9B24DAC029310557B4D8FAAEDD" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile cleomis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cleomis">Megachile cleomis</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell, 1900: 13. Lectotype female (here designated), "USA: NM, E. Las Vegas, July 15 '99 Collector: A. Garlick, on Cleome" (UCMC).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5DC1A4A6294A3B04EBD508A01EB180A" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="373DE19C705CA7199DE05413FFF82748" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile pruinosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosa">Megachile pruinosa</taxonomicName>
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Friese, 1903: 246. Syntypes male female, (Repository?). Nec. Perez 1897.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A101F9F6AB7DBB63B8B3D2F01CA9B99E" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="EA428A58A63F2FBF4D393410CE399D1C" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile vernonensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vernonensis">Megachile vernonensis</taxonomicName>
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Cockerell, 1912: 354. Holotype male, CANADA: British Columbia (Repository?).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7D1610704BFD34330E23ACB74D9D9708" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="BF0B2AC46E658A92EC27580A084A8EE0" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC9F80F370F9A2C69CD19B3E42A3BB2E" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="19" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="DCA8770107B79F6EB3C5234F8029ED30" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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is most similar to
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<taxonomicName id="80B298C13E01FFD2D3780952864F5854" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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in size and appearance. The chief differences are pubescence coloration and some structural differences in the transverse carina on T6 of the male.
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<taxonomicName id="B752EA4F3AB0EC29BA5AEA570F10728D" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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females have more black setae and pubescence apparent laterally on T2-T6 than
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<taxonomicName id="65678A9B765C61353175FFE48033CA74" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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which only has black setae on T4-T6.
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<taxonomicName id="8B57550E58E3B830218385FD3C3FF041" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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males also have black pubescence on the mesonotum and T2, while
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<taxonomicName id="8B3B6F3C731048105370FBC6622ECE99" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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has only white pubescence. Both
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<taxonomicName id="9502EFB2C98B1D1FA15C0BB910C51031" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="9D820AD2E5ED03E39D05286782B16F3E" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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have a transverse carina on T6 with a distinct deep medial notch and jagged projections.
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<pageBreakToken id="858672C4A312645EF0AD2ADB98490BBF" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" start="start">These</pageBreakToken>
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carina projections tend to be shorter in
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<taxonomicName id="55C9D77BE998AAA2FF717F86A40E259E" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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, whereas the carina of
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<taxonomicName id="B4E7B3D3D19839B78A12AEC48ED8D79B" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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often has long
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<normalizedToken id="57B0D88E89B2A1DD4788D93375E701A0" originalValue="“fingerlike”">"fingerlike"</normalizedToken>
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projections.
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<taxonomicName id="FC45D4BADE9125D55D384DF3A8BDB016" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="90E647764A8332F34E24A620BBAA44A4" pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Female. Body length11-14 mm. Mandible 4-toothed, with no angulation between teeth 3 and 4 (Figure 4A). T2-4 with deep transverse basal grooves. T1-5 with apical fringes of white hair covering marginal zone. T1 with black discal pubescence medially, white pubescence laterally. T2-5 with black discal pubescence and setae (Figure 5K). T6 with pale appressed pubescence and erect black setae basally. T6 deeply and evenly concave in profile and laterally in dorsal view. S1-4 with ivory setae; S5 with ivory setae basally, black setae apically; S6 with black setae (Figure 5I).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="653C9BF79544D4AD0AD49D4634AB1D7E" pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Male. Body length10-12 mm. Mandible 3-toothed.Ocellocular distance less than ocelloccipital distance (Figure 4C). Head with white pubescence, vertex with black pubescence. Mesosoma with white pubescence, scutum with black pubescence. T5 with complete apical fringe of white hair covering marginal zone. T6 with tomentum; transverse carina with distinct deep medial notch and short jagged projections; true apical margin with submedial teeth closer to lateral teeth than each other (Figure 6B). Genitalia and hidden sterna shown in Figures 7G1-G4.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C8E7A842CD052C7482A5AF2278F095C0" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" type="variability">
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<paragraph id="EB6E39F2450D4321EC5A0299BB7F8D80" pageId="20" pageNumber="51">Variability.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B6E262C5AFA6FACDAEA8E8B9E89C0AB4" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="20" pageNumber="51">
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Male tergal discal pubescence variable in color. Pubescence of male mesonotum and head can vary, making it occasionally challenging to differentiate this species from
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<taxonomicName id="E7814D44D0437607B02752437BE825F3" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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. Primarily, if there is any black pubescence on the mesonotum,
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<pageBreakToken id="8545C67E3AD0F15DD3BF08D1562CE001" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" start="start">it</pageBreakToken>
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is
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<taxonomicName id="2469E9D5D5444C2FA689B88FE7E4BD37" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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. If there are no black hairs in this area, it is
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<taxonomicName id="91E39BDC1058BDE884201787457343BB" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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. The females of these two species are also sometimes difficult to separate.
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<taxonomicName id="D0D2C1550C7E747AB66AB77CFA0EB98D" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile lippiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lippiae">Megachile lippiae</taxonomicName>
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can occasionally have black setae laterally on T4 in addition to T5, but if the black setae are present on T3 or T2, then it is
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<taxonomicName id="8DDD5F332007193655D14F66AE62BF66" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="6D8B10BC737A78F7EEF78971F7E3A570" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana subsp. cleomis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="texana" subSpecies="cleomis">Megachile texana cleomis</taxonomicName>
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was distinguished by the presence of black setae on T3, but that form is now in synonymy under
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<taxonomicName id="DA8B80B8A926CCA432D4A2A0E5D796CE" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="38F1D2BBC4E25EFE365068F92110F8F5" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="A367297AC9068CC8064D6549B35F9BE1" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">Distribution of material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9756B73EBD915C4495293D7FCBB9981B" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">USA: Arizona: Cochise, Gila and Maricopa Counties (May-Aug.); California: Mariposa, Riverside, Tuolumne and Trinity Counties (Apr.-Jul.); Florida: Alachua, Putnam and Duval Counties (Jun.-Oct.); Mississippi: Oktibbeha County (May); New Mexico: Eddy County (Aug.); New York: New York County (Jun.); Nevada: Clarke, Lincoln and Washoe Counties (Jun.); South Carolina: Chesterfield and Dorchester Counties (May); Texas: Brewster County (Apr.); Utah: Cache, Garfield, Tooele and Washington Counties (Jun.-Sep.); MEXICO: Puebla. 46 females, 57 males.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="34F8055F168C290146B09C911409F78C" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="F86D5FE1AE9920FD9F7F2D046DC5862F" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="10B8921ACABA901BDCE872FA2A28678F" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="B9B5616EDC4C36F07A3892DE13284E1E" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
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utilizes existing nesting sites in the ground and under rocks (
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<bibRefCitation id="3E037327F63729E0E882519ADA21715D" author="Krombein, KV" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="84 - 85" title="Another note on the nesting habits of Megachile texana Cresson." volume="55" year="1970">Krombein 1970</bibRefCitation>
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). Observations by
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<bibRefCitation id="85E18A532A4BF593FDD3DB6DC12D9FD7" author="Eickwort, GC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="557 - 570" title="Observations on the nesting behavior of Megachile rubi and M. texana with a discussion of the significance of soil nesting in the evolution of megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)." volume="54" year="1981">Eickwort et al. (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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showed that these bees also excavate their own nests. The cocoons completely fill their cells and are covered with an outer layer of reddish brown threads and an inner layer of brown threads (
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<bibRefCitation id="57FE4AC543DC05B9E0DA1E4D943709F3" author="Eickwort, GC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="557 - 570" title="Observations on the nesting behavior of Megachile rubi and M. texana with a discussion of the significance of soil nesting in the evolution of megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)." volume="54" year="1981">Eickwort et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B141EE1F948B8B27760FC4DA46BEA29C" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" type="flower records">
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<paragraph id="D88197F2C8405E44933F1EF2CB4F32B3" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">Flower records.</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="133135F8F5619ACE7E9784CBF9B07C63" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2003195E5E39F1EF7E2001A998C00B3C" genus="Arctostaphylous" lsidName="Arctostaphylous patula" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="patula">Arctostaphylous patula</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DC7DB61C988EEFA87CAC5323E10C8E2D" genus="Ericaceae" lsidName="Ericaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Ericaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BA81356E1071B091093A8A050D18D848" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asclepias speciosa" order="Gentianales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="speciosa">Asclepias speciosa</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EACEC8551B44C4EB35CDD9B8CC5BE561" genus="Asclepiadaceae" lsidName="Asclepiadaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asclepiadaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="616CE7310FE93E071ABA634DADEC7F81" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Asclepias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asclepias syriaca" order="Gentianales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="syriaca">Asclepias syriaca</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1916EB73193523010362090FD7ED6226" genus="Asclepiadaceae" lsidName="Asclepiadaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asclepiadaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3A8FB05AB785C9CC896D97B3A09BF860" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Baptisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Baptisia" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Baptisia</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0CF427CB269AD19B2368D215DE2412BB" genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
).,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D3FB103B1C96BB91EBE82C8E021E3202" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Blephilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Blephilia ciliata" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ciliata">Blephilia ciliata</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="012638AC973E5ED2A61744D955C143D3" genus="Lamiaceae" lsidName="Lamiaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5CF0FFBFAC64B4DB44B46393EBCDEE08" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Calamintha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamintha ashei" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ashei">Calamintha ashei</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0CEBFADA9289BB3D788F94471D28C5F1" genus="Lamiaceae" lsidName="Lamiaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9BCAF26456B7679B0B722113A52D106A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dalea pinnata" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnata">Dalea pinnata</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6872A00CF488EB0C0C827EE0B2B1E7BB" genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="20E7DC34C565C1C7130EF73082B9E456" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Erigeron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erigeron divergens" order="Asterales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens">Erigeron divergens</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2E43275F7BF84C241CDC9C7859EBA55D" genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3692BCC120D5EDF6CCE1561AF1AAD60A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Erysimum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Erysimum asperum" order="Brassicales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asperum">Erysimum asperum</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="19A99AD7C550F1330F7010EAADEC8CDD" genus="Brassicaceae" lsidName="Brassicaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0DEF2F1DE18FA8F868DF614A30C321AA" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Hemerocallis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hemerocallis" order="Asparagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Hemerocallis</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C21B91D492CB91D3739D23D92098D775" genus="Liliaceae" lsidName="Liliaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Liliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A8E47ED62EC56C7252C0E9B8361BF720" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dalea candida" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candida">Dalea candida</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D3A7788DE1728F9B1DFF3D62E6EA37F1" genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0101C1ED49DAEE788C2B0D1841E692EE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Marrubium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Marrubium vulgare" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgare">Marrubium vulgare</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C45C1C8E4B26903E6113C7DED242DE05" genus="Lamiaceae" lsidName="Lamiaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EB6E77D486EE762463DFFA149E40CC10" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Medicago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Medicago sativa" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">Medicago sativa</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="86B3FE2C35AA2CA7E2E3769796A92EA9" genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="39D12D635269853309DD59840BF496D2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melilotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melilotus alba" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alba">Melilotus alba</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B8F9E7044EAD350C8FB07183FE22B173" genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9839A5D7C385569E8091DCAC5C4DFCAA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loasaceae" genus="Mentzelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mentzelia" order="Cornales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Mentzelia</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D1BD456FD4D40A0F299FE5FF88EEB2F0" genus="Loasaceae" lsidName="Loasaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Loasaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A80B08CA3BD3B2356AFF7070B7D60912" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Opuntia" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Opuntia</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C933CD052DC28AD3F55E7C87FADA1BFF" genus="Cactaceae" lsidName="Cactaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D7E9952B93CD953637EC9593122F2B65" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Hydrophyllaceae" genus="Phacelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phacelia heterophylla" order="Boraginales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">Phacelia heterophylla</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BFA3DC0E4928181A03CF33735586FE2A" genus="Hydrophyllaceae" lsidName="Hydrophyllaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Hydrophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="789B593C545B2FEC2A035DF04ACD8DB4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Phaseolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phaseolus limensis" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="limensis">Phaseolus limensis</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="20D2260250C82C5C98B51EAFBFB15502" genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8EFD6F887D5CB844BD098EB27ACBE0A3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Ptelea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ptelea trifoliata" order="Sapindales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trifoliata">Ptelea trifoliata</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C46D22FF258108E22E5C8C74D9847C76" genus="Rutaceae" lsidName="Rutaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E2E640E059359168E7FB6790EFB01C44" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Ratibida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ratibida columnaris" order="Asterales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="columnaris">Ratibida columnaris</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8B6EC446295EF7E096440F04FDD8DC2E" genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CB114B53DD54485EBC448F06533BB5EE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhus glabra" order="Sapindales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">Rhus glabra</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FA8EEDB3D698A38FB6C8EB65F08347E9" genus="Anacardiaceae" lsidName="Anacardiaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="360AEE2A17C2E599E1DDA38F802DCB1A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Streptanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Streptanthus" order="Brassicales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Streptanthus</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="51A8343AA3A6024965CB6D1879A494CF" genus="Brassicaceae" lsidName="Brassicaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7018BADF29A7139D707EF1E18413C13A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tephrosia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tephrosia virginiana" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virginiana">Tephrosia virginiana</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A025615CB444579FE0639ED26DE7E3D3" genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2625CB1B4ED69A91A5C3D0244E0CDA96" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Trifolium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Trifolium hybridum" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hybridum">Trifolium hybridum</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="566A3BA5D77FCA745F80E83DA3D52109" genus="Fabaceae" lsidName="Fabaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="25A69BAC7256B0DDF8591E2C8A9C4023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Viguiera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Viguiera stenoloba" order="Asterales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stenoloba">Viguiera stenoloba</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D43C142652BD101C499510AA561937FF" genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="598CEC81CFF0A0C208286AB82C6A0061" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vitex agnus subsp. castus" order="Lamiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="agnus" subSpecies="castus">Vitex agnus castus</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="742E98EBF9C9AC6F814826CF72CF7D1A" genus="Verbenaceae" lsidName="Verbenaceae" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" rank="genus">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="842625A622B342F8EB7C3DA422178331" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" type="comments">
|
|
<paragraph id="94086C7B13D946E65116CD8157C9CBEE" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">Comments.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="3612C139E082CE41592D072CB8FCF2B0" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1A36024D8DA094B774006D6C7BDFDA99" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile cleomis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cleomis">Megachile cleomis</taxonomicName>
|
|
is one of the synonyms of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="82203A68029D7C0B2FCF341C2CFD1912" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
|
|
. It was originally described by Cockerell in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F82A4043F84E57EBBB33CBD08530421C" author="Cockerell, TDA" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="22" pageNumber="53" pagination="13 - 15" title="The New Mexico bees of the Genus Megachile and a new Andrena." volume="6" year="1900">1900</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, based on two cotypes from a locality in New Mexico, a male and a female. The male was later found to be a male
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EE43016BDB2A8204D9D6E714E54D337D" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile snowi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="snowi">Megachile snowi</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The female is herein designated as the lectotype for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="29CF6528D5A3F37CD0B486394C78BBB7" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile cleomis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cleomis">Megachile cleomis</taxonomicName>
|
|
, which remains in synonymy with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2177F47A77C2E0B50EC1D6BBDE3C39DF" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
|
|
. This situation illustrates the importance of correctly assigning holotypes.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B1EDB424B0F2146B970AF3384D4E133F" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a widespread species which is found across North America (Figure 17).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="CEA9DDCD10F887207148D0FCC0001BCE" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
|
|
<paragraph id="1394653A852EEFDFA5E7E82003764E7D" pageId="21" pageNumber="52">
|
|
Figure 17. Distribution of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5CA8769106E34B558A81633E227D725A" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile texana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Megachile texana</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |