173 lines
22 KiB
XML
173 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="8424C5B3AA3E7A121A3E10F2C04D5376" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2009n3a10" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5397541" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630326484759" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Hugel, Sylvain" docDate="2009" docId="F305FD2CC206E834FF7E199DBB29FB74" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2009.31.3.525-576.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 31 (3)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2009n3a10" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD.3:Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleId="E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Amphibologryllacris Karny 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="533" masterDocId="0F3C8554C20EE83CFFD71945BF4DFFF7" masterDocTitle="Gryllacrididae and Tettigoniidae (Insecta, Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu" masterLastPageNumber="576" masterPageNumber="525" pageNumber="533" updateTime="1699228595049" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
|
|
<mods:mods id="45CBCB3203B94589012BBB4631A49940" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="13464E370550BED84A01F86046C040FD">
|
|
<mods:title id="7C71120A279C9FD2A0D442F1AA8A4DFB">Gryllacrididae and Tettigoniidae (Insecta, Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="E7793E026BD1DA651A42CF13B949A363" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="EF11E9117B17DD7D23FBA921C31551D8">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="1D49E3ACB610C006F8E360DEF4ACFD3B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="277B175B41EAA9F9435C73FD37040724">Hugel, Sylvain</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="1E12A499B88526958AAE5028325771DB">INCI, UPR 3212 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 21 rue René Descartes, F- 67084 Strasbourg cedex (France) hugel @ neurochem. u-strasbg. fr</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="D93AA0D28182863502A5D220C5985EDB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="49A0F7A4024C197456C29C90AF89A322" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="3AE67BAEC371DA7514B57EAADADB2AE8">
|
|
<mods:title id="836DA4A061D70C8B6BE567AFBB0CCD71">Zoosystema</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="9393D141A2A575A6124411ED6BFCC119">
|
|
<mods:date id="D48B25B048EC182940BEA4E7D26516D9">2009</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="4D6D47145C6ABF1FE3EC0BA2CFA483C9" type="pubDate">
|
|
<mods:number id="932B476D68EA41E84FEFA14BB790467F">2009-09-30</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="1E750D5ADE2C1FDB009123BE9B4C253A" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="C0CF64E32048F77831129097A83E5934">31</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="185CAFB808FB681F613AAED5CEA7BAA6" type="issue">
|
|
<mods:number id="9017DC63925E206A2FA08C401F92A83A">3</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="B08BE56123DA36A14B3D2310D5FAF405" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="433C9A2782776BE6A0B3B192CB6D9747">525</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="114DDD7FB5C9A61351E20ABA2C8E0D83">576</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location id="D426D5C94B1BBF5978B84BEB9E34FEB4">
|
|
<mods:url id="4515C4FE409BC6303057F160A8144FAC">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2009n3a10</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification id="172E5F948AA7EB17E1F637FF261EC6E6">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="0CF2829B9589A5365D171883B6183351" type="DOI">10.5252/z2009n3a10</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="497B1AA35E2609EFD506ED3C930669E8" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="7325E655BC90EED577AD00E314757E16" type="Zenodo-Dep">5397541</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="F305FD2CC206E834FF7E199DBB29FB74" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5470622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5470622" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F305FD2CC206E834FF7E199DBB29FB74" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F305FD2CC206E834FF7E199DBB29FB74" lastPageNumber="533" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C206E834FF7E199DBD02FF04" box="[169,591,216,243]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC206E834FF7E199DBD02FF04" blockId="8.[169,591,216,243]" box="[169,591,216,243]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
<heading id="205BFB56C206E834FF7E199DBD02FF04" box="[169,591,216,243]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" reason="2">
|
|
Genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FF21199DBD02FF04" ID-CoL="8NLYJ" authority="Karny, 1937" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1937" box="[246,591,216,243]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Amphibologryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FF21199DBE8FFF05" box="[246,450,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Amphibologryllacris</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC206E834FE1E199DBD02FF04" author="KARNY H. H." box="[457,591,216,243]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref33142" refString="KARNY H. H. 1937. - Orthoptera Fam. Gryllacrididae Subfamiliae omnes, in WYTSMAN P. (eds), Genera Insectorum. V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Bruxelles: 1 - 317." type="book chapter" year="1937">Karny, 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</heading>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C206E834FFA61854BEAEFEDE" box="[113,483,273,297]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC206E834FFA61854BEAEFEDE" blockId="8.[113,483,273,297]" box="[113,483,273,297]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5BBC6B14C206E834FFA61854BEAEFEDE" box="[113,483,273,297]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
<treatmentCitation id="FA0D6A2BC206E834FFA61854BE92FEDE" author="KARNY H. H." box="[113,479,273,297]" page="134" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" year="1937">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FFA61854BE92FEDE" ID-CoL="8NLYJ" authority="Karny, 1937: 134" authorityName="Karny" authorityPageNumber="134" authorityYear="1937" box="[113,479,273,297]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Amphibologryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FFA61854BE67FEDE" box="[113,298,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Amphibologryllacris</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC206E834FEE61854BE92FEDE" author="KARNY H. H." box="[305,479,273,297]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref33142" refString="KARNY H. H. 1937. - Orthoptera Fam. Gryllacrididae Subfamiliae omnes, in WYTSMAN P. (eds), Genera Insectorum. V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Bruxelles: 1 - 317." type="book chapter" year="1937">Karny, 1937: 134</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</treatmentCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C206E834FFA61804BD27FEAE" box="[113,618,320,345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC206E834FFA61804BD27FEAE" blockId="8.[113,618,320,345]" box="[113,618,320,345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
<typeStatus id="A417F298C206E834FFA61804BFEFFEA1" box="[113,162,321,344]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
|
SPECIES.
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FF2B1804BE58FEAE" box="[252,277,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">—</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FECB1805BD2BFEAE" authority="Le Guillou, 1841" authorityName="Le Guillou" authorityYear="1841" box="[284,614,320,345]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Gryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubia">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FECB1805BEFEFEAF" box="[284,435,320,344]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Gryllacris dubia</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC206E834FE6E1804BD2BFEAE" author="LE GUILLOU E. J. F." box="[441,614,321,345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" pagination="291 - 295" refId="ref33284" refString="LE GUILLOU E. J. F. 1841. - Description de 23 especes nouvelles d'Orthopteres, recueillies pendant son voyage autour du monde sur La Zelee. Revue zoologique par la Societe cuvierienne 4: 291 - 295." type="journal article" year="1841">Le Guillou, 1841</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C206E834FFA61834BEA9FE7F" box="[113,484,368,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC206E834FFA61834BEA9FE7F" blockId="8.[113,484,368,392]" box="[113,484,368,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
DISTRIBUTION. — see
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC206E834FE9A1835BEADFE7F" author="KARNY H. H." box="[333,480,368,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" pagination="157 - 170" refId="ref32974" refString="KARNY H. H. 1930 a. - On the geographical distribution of the Pacific Gryllacridids. Proceedings of the Fourth Pacific Science Congress Java, 1929, Batavia-Bandoeng 3: 157 - 170." type="journal article" year="1930">Karny (1930a)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C206E834FFA618E5BB31FD71" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC206E834FFA618E5BB77FED3" blockId="8.[112,649,416,1154]" lastBlockId="8.[675,1212,215,583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
DIAGNOSIS.
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FF3E18E5BE4FFE4F" box="[233,258,416,440]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">—</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FEDE18E5BE8AFE4F" authority="and" authorityName="AND" box="[265,455,416,440]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Nannogryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FEDE18E5BED1FE4F" box="[265,412,416,440]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Nannogryllacris</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FE1918E5BDCBFE4F" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1937" box="[462,646,416,440]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Amphibologryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FE1918E5BDCBFE4F" box="[462,646,416,440]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Amphibologryllacris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are distinguished from all other gryllacridid genera by the following characters: Head: not particularly wide; frons smooth or indistinctly punctuated; frons/genae limit not forming a sharp prominent carina. Pronotum: not with a deep furrow (unlike in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FE911B60BEC9FDCB" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1888" box="[326,388,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Epacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FE911B60BEC9FDCB" box="[326,388,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Epacra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). Wings: FW and HW well developed; transverse veinlets neither darkened nor lined with dark. FW only one and half as long as TIII. FW M either free on FW base (
|
|
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC206E834FE831B36BEC7FD7C" box="[340,394,627,651]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,687,704]" captionTargetBox="[117,1146,226,644]" captionTargetId="figure-13@11.[117,1205,215,643]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 1. — Amphibologryllacris Karny, 1937, sternum: A, A. macrocera (Walker, 1869), left side view, note the pointing lateral lobes (arrows); B, C, A. butmasi n. sp., left side (B) and ventral (C) views. Abbreviations: see text. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397543" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397543/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|
), or emerging from Rs; M simple or with one bifurcation; Cu usually furcating on 3 to 4 branches, in this case at least 5 A are following, the last two often with a common root. HW transparent or light smoked, without strikingly black transverse veinlets; Rs + M with simple common root emerging from R, or basally with a common root with Cu. Legs: TI and TII with 2 rows of 4 well-developed ventral subapical spurs (in addition to the 2 apical spurs); TII dorsally unarmed or with at most 1 dorsal posterior apical spur; FIII neither particularly long nor slender (
|
|
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC206E834FDC41A39BDCFFC63" box="[531,642,892,916]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[139,1119,215,1604]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[131,1192,214,1605]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 2. — Amphibologryllacris Karny, 1937 from Espiritu Santo: A, C, E, G, A. butmasi n. sp.; B, D, F, H, A. macrocera (Walker, 1869); A, B, ovipositor,right side view;C, D, left femur III side view;E, F, face;G, H, ventral views of male subgenital plate showing intraspecific variation (the four specimens on the right side are alcohol preserved). Scale bars: A-D, 10 mm; E-H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397547" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397547/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Fig. 2C, D</figureCitation>
|
|
; elongated in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FF271AD2BE7DFC59" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1888" box="[240,304,919,942]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Epacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FF271AD2BE7DFC59" box="[240,304,919,942]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Epacra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
); TIII unmodified, not with 1 or 2 long spear-shaped spines (i.e. unmovable) on the inner margin. External genitalia: neither male anal segment nor subgenitalis stretched backwards into a hull shape; male cerci usually not much longer than styli; on T IX, neither blunt nor spiny protrusion; appendices cerciferae at least developed in some species; male subgenital plate without a small protrusion on the middle, between the styli; ovipositor well sclerotized, not rolled in dead specimens; females of most species with SGP preceding sternite usually modified (bulging and/or with protrusion(s), such modifications are lacking in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FC3B1848BB61FED3" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1888" box="[1004,1068,269,292]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Epacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FC3B1848BB61FED3" box="[1004,1068,269,292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Epacra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC206E834FD6C1863BBD9FDB0" blockId="8.[675,1212,215,583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
In addition to the above-mentioned character combination,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FD021804BCCAFEAE" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1937" box="[725,903,321,345]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Amphibologryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FD021804BCCAFEAE" box="[725,903,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Amphibologryllacris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is characterized by the following. Size: body length:
|
|
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC206E834FCB4181EBCAAFE84" box="[867,999,347,371]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.325" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="23.25" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="15.5">15.5-31 mm</quantity>
|
|
; FIII: 10.2-16; FW:
|
|
<quantity id="BC54E1DFC206E834FD711833BC59FE79" box="[678,788,374,398]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="20.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="16.0">16-25 mm</quantity>
|
|
. Colour: light brown, some species and/or specimens with black elements (face, occiput, pronotum, knees, legs, abdominal tergites/sternites); FW veins colour usually strikingly light compared to the darker FW cells. Prosternum unarmed; mesosternum lateral lobes forming distinct ventral spines pointing ventrally; metasternum lateral lobes with smaller spines pointing ventrally backwards (
|
|
<figureCitation id="E39750BFC206E834FD3E1B6ABC6CFDB0" box="[745,801,559,583]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,687,704]" captionTargetBox="[117,1146,226,644]" captionTargetId="figure-13@11.[117,1205,215,643]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 1. — Amphibologryllacris Karny, 1937, sternum: A, A. macrocera (Walker, 1869), left side view, note the pointing lateral lobes (arrows); B, C, A. butmasi n. sp., left side (B) and ventral (C) views. Abbreviations: see text. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5397543" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5397543/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
|
). Cerci not reduced, longer than styli.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC206E834FD721B2BBB31FD71" blockId="8.[675,1212,622,1155]" box="[677,1148,622,648]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FD721B2BBCDEFD71" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1937" box="[677,915,622,648]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Amphibologryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FD721B2BBCDEFD71" box="[677,915,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">AMPHIBOLOGRYLLACRIS</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
POSITION RELATIVELY
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="33B61FB1C206E834FD721BD7BB29FB74" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC206E834FD721BD7BB58FD51" blockId="8.[675,1212,622,1155]" box="[677,1045,654,679]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
TO
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FD1E1BCBBC8FFD52" authority="AND" authorityName="AND" box="[713,962,654,679]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Nannogryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FD1E1BCBBCC0FD51" box="[713,909,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">NANNOGRYLLACRIS</emphasis>
|
|
AND
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FC1E1BCBBB58FD51" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1888" box="[969,1045,654,679]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Epacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FC1E1BCBBB58FD51" box="[969,1045,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">EPACRA</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="7B134C3AC206E834FD721BE8BB29FB74" blockId="8.[675,1212,622,1155]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">
|
|
Until now, only two gryllacridid genera were considered as bearing spiny lobes on mesosternum and metasternum:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FCEC1BA8BCCDFCF1" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1888" box="[827,896,749,774]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Epacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FCEC1BA8BCCDFCF1" box="[827,896,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Epacra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FC661BA9BBFBFCF0" authority="Griffini, 1911" authorityName="Griffini" authorityYear="1911" box="[945,1206,748,775]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Afroepacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FC661BA9BB51FCF1" box="[945,1052,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Afroepacra</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1F3D31CBC206E834FBF61BA9BBFBFCF0" author="GRIFFINI A." box="[1057,1206,748,775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" pagination="79 - 140" refId="ref32608" refString="GRIFFINI A. 1911. - Studii sui Grillacridi del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale " Giacomo Doria ", Genova (3) 5: 79 - 140." type="journal article" year="1911">Griffini, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. On museum specimens, this obvious character is often hidden by the legs, and has therefore not been seen by previous authors (suggesting that other described genera might share this character too). Usually, most gryllacridid genera are badly defined by very few (often one) discrete characters supposedly derived, and this has not been cladistically tested. In spite of the character paucity,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FC331AACBBFDFBF4" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1937" box="[996,1200,1001,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Amphibologryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FC331AACBBFDFBF4" box="[996,1200,1001,1027]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Amphibologryllacris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FD721D4CBC3DFBD3" authority="and" authorityName="AND" box="[677,880,1033,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Nannogryllacris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FD721D4CBC09FBD4" box="[677,836,1033,1059]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Nannogryllacris</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BCAC37B9C206E834FCA21D4FBCF7FBD4" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1888" box="[885,954,1034,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllacrididae" genus="Epacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49D89028C206E834FCA21D4FBCF7FBD4" box="[885,954,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="533">Epacra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
appear as clearly distinct genera, but in the absence of a comprehensive cladistic analysis of the subfamily, stating affinities between genera would be too speculative.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |