463 lines
30 KiB
XML
463 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8f2d6ea2-d6f8-43d0-9258-266bdc77a4aa" ID-PMC="PMC8526505" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-183-35" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7C82A7FDDA5E53289883B2E7F1548D06" ID-PubMed="34720629" ModsDocID="1314-2003-183-35" checkinTime="1634039459509" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chang, Chih-Yi, Tzeng, Hsy-Yu & Tseng, Yen-Hsueh" docDate="2021" docId="10B2969BF6335D88B90BF88C9B6AA244" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 183: 35-53" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 183" docPubDate="2021-10-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119" docTitle="Cirsium taiwanense Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="7C82A7FDDA5E53289883B2E7F1548D06" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="7C82A7FDDA5E53289883B2E7F1548D06" masterDocTitle="Cirsium taiwanense (Compositae, Cirsium sect. Onotrophe, subsect. Australicirsium), a new species from Taiwan" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1668140466919" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Cirsium taiwanense (Compositae, Cirsium sect. Onotrophe, subsect. Australicirsium), a new species from Taiwan</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chang, Chih-Yi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4226-9847</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Forestry, National Chung-Hsing University, No. 145, Hsing-Ta Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tzeng, Hsy-Yu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0952-6255</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Forestry, National Chung-Hsing University, No. 145, Hsing-Ta Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tseng, Yen-Hsueh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Forestry, National Chung-Hsing University, No. 145, Hsing-Ta Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan & Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, No. 53, Nanhai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City, 10066, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tseng2005@nchu.edu.tw</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-10-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>183</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>35</mods:start>
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<mods:end>53</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-183-35</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7C82A7FDDA5E53289883B2E7F1548D06</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189468829" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:10B2969BF6335D88B90BF88C9B6AA244" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/10B2969BF6335D88B90BF88C9B6AA244" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName LSID="10B2969B-F633-5D88-B90B-F88C9B6AA244" authority="Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang" authorityName="Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium taiwanense" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="taiwanense" status="sp. nov.">Cirsium taiwanense Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="35">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Comparison of the morphological characters of Cirsium Mill. subsect. Cirsium Australicirsium Kitam. A C. arisanense Kitam B C. hosokawae Kitam C C. taiwanense Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang 1 cauline leaf, adaxial view 1 ' cauline leaf, abaxial view 2 capitulum 3 inner phyllary 3 ' middle phyllary 3 " outer phyllary 4 floret 4 ' floret (pappus removed) 5 synantherous stamens 6 style branches 7 achene 7 ' achene with pappus." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598049" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Figures 1C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Comparison of the pollen morphology of Cirsium Mill. subsect. Cirsium Australicirsium Kitam A C. arisanense Kitam B C. hosokawae Kitam C C. taiwanense Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang 1 polar view 2 equatorial view 3 colporate view. Scale bar: 30 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598050" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">, 2C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Karyotype of Cirsium Mill. subsect. Cirsium Australicirsium Kitam A C. arisanense Kitam., 2 n = 34 B C. hosokawae Kitam., 2 n = 34 C C. taiwanense Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang, 2 n = 32 1 cell 2 karyogram. * relatively clear satellites; arrow indicates chromosomes with secondary constriction. Scale bar: 5 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598051" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">, 3C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Line drawings of Cirsium taiwanense Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang A habit B rosette leaf C cauline leaf D capitulum E floret E ' floret (pappus removed) F phyllaries G style branches H achene." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598053" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Cirsium taiwanense Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang A habitat B habit C basal rosette D variations of rosette leaves E variations of cauline leaves F inflorescences G, H capitulum I floret I ' floret (pappus removed) J achenes." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598054" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">, 6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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Differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. hosokawae" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="hosokawae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. hosokawae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having a yellow corolla (vs. vivid purplish red corolla), a narrower angle between the midrib and lateral veins of the cauline leaves ((44-)52-73° vs. 82-90°), and usually more florets (101-135(-194) vs. 54-111) and phyllaries (90-127 vs. 68-109) per capitulum. Differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. arisanense" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="arisanense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. arisanense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its nodding mature capitula (vs. erect), erect corolla lobes (vs. revolute), and a densely cobwebby abaxial leaf surface (vs. without cobwebby indumentum).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-07-15" collectorName="Provincial Rd. No., C. Y. Chang" country="Taiwan" county="Ren'ai Township" elevation="2605" latitude="24.11438" location="Rd. No." longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.21821" municipality="Provincial Rd." specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nantou County" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Nantou">Nantou County</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ren’ai">Ren'ai</normalizedToken>
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Township
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</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectorName>
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<collectingMunicipality>
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Provincial
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:10B2969BF6335D88B90BF88C9B6AA244:83FF9F95EFF94F02DCA35777BD5D575B" country="Taiwan" county="Ren'ai Township" latitude="24.11438" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.21821" municipality="Provincial Rd." name="Rd. No." stateProvince="Nantou County">Rd. No.</location>
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</collectingMunicipality>
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</collectorName>
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14A
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="km" value="21.0">21 km</quantity>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.605" unit="m" value="2605.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.605" unit="m" value="2605.0">2605 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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alt.,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24.11438" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="24.11438">24.11438°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="121.21821" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="121.21821">121.21821°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2020-07-15">15 July 2020</collectingDate>
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.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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<collectorName>C. Y. Chang</collectorName>
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2976
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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: TCF; isotype: TNM, PPI)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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Perennial herbs, stems 0.5-1.0 m tall, internodes terete. Leaves pinnatipartite or pinnatisect, space between pinnae V-shaped, adaxial surface puberulent or cobwebby, abaxial surface densely cobwebby, margin spinose; rosette leaves narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, base cuneate to attenuate, apex narrowly acute, 19.5-34.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.1-7.4 cm, angle between the midrib and the lateral veins (40-)55-76°; pinnae 7-11 pairs, 0.9-2.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.2-2.1 mm, space between pinnae 0.4-1.2 cm, petiole 1.5-4.0 cm; cauline leaves narrowly elliptic to narrowly triangular, base cordate, apex narrowly acute, 9.0-25.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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2.2-6.9 cm, angle between the midrib and the lateral veins (44-)52-73°; pinnae 5-8 pairs, 1.3-2.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.8-1.9 cm, space between pinnae 0.6-1.5 cm, sessile. Capitula solitary or 2-6 arranged into racemes or panicles, mature capitula nodding. Involucre urceolate, more or less cobwebby, 2.8-3.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.4-1.9 cm; phyllaries 90-127, in 5-7 series, apex acute, midrib distinct, (0.3-)0.5-1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-2.1 mm, length ratio of inner and outer phyllaries 2.2-3.6, the reflexed part of the phyllaries 1.5-3.1 mm long. Receptacle flat, densely bristly. Florets 101-135(-194), 2.2-3.1 cm long, with yellow corolla, corolla lobes 5, linear, erect, 3.0-5.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.4-0.7 mm, corolla tube fistulose with 2 sections, the inflated section of corolla tube 4.1-5.8 mm long; synantherous stamens 5, anthers brown, 5.9-8.3 mm long, base with caudate extensions, filaments 3.0-4.5 mm long with irregular protuberances; stigmas bifid, styles 2.0-2.5 cm long, style arm 2.6-2.7 mm long, ovaries (1.6-)3.2-4.1 mm long. Achenes oblong, base acute, apex truncate, beige, 3.5-4.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.5-1.8 mm, compressed, 4-angled, ribbed, beak heart-shaped; pappus copious, plumose, bristles in many series, 1.55-1.65 cm long, forming basal ring, easily shed.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598053" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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Line drawings of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium taiwanense" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="taiwanense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Cirsium taiwanense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">A</emphasis>
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habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">B</emphasis>
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rosette leaf
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
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cauline leaf
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">D</emphasis>
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capitulum
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">E</emphasis>
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floret
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">E</emphasis>
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' floret (pappus removed)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">F</emphasis>
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phyllaries
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">G</emphasis>
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style branches
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">H</emphasis>
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achene.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Flowering between June and October and fruiting between July and November.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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Endemic species of Taiwan.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium taiwanense" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="taiwanense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Cirsium taiwanense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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grows in open areas between
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<taxonomicName genus="Querus" lsidName="Querus" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Querus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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forest and
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Abies</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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forest at 1400-3400 m a.s.l. in central-northern Taiwan.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium taiwanense" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="taiwanense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Cirsium taiwanense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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usually grows at sunny sites. Common companion species are
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<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Compositae" genus="Artemisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Artemisia morrisonensis" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="morrisonensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Artemisia morrisonensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Hayata (
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<taxonomicName class="Eudicots" family="Compositae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Compositae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Lilium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lilium formosanum" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="formosanum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Lilium formosanum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Wallace (
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Liliaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix fulvopubescens" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulvopubescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Salix fulvopubescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Hayata (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Salicaceae</taxonomicName>
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) and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rubus pectinellus" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pectinellus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Rubus pectinellus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Maxim. (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598054" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium taiwanense" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="taiwanense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Cirsium taiwanense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">A</emphasis>
|
||
habitat
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">B</emphasis>
|
||
habit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
basal rosette
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">D</emphasis>
|
||
variations of rosette leaves
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">E</emphasis>
|
||
variations of cauline leaves
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">F</emphasis>
|
||
inflorescences
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">G, H</emphasis>
|
||
capitulum
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">I</emphasis>
|
||
floret
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">I</emphasis>
|
||
' floret (pappus removed)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">J</emphasis>
|
||
achenes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="chinese name">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Chinese name.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Tai-wan-ji (臺灣薊).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="chromosome number">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 32 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Karyotype of Cirsium Mill. subsect. Cirsium Australicirsium Kitam A C. arisanense Kitam., 2 n = 34 B C. hosokawae Kitam., 2 n = 34 C C. taiwanense Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang, 2 n = 32 1 cell 2 karyogram. * relatively clear satellites; arrow indicates chromosomes with secondary constriction. Scale bar: 5 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598051" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="palynology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Palynology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Pollen grains are tricolporate, spheroidal, micro-reticulate and 46.6-51.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
43.5-50.7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(P/E ratio: 0.9-1.1). The surface is densely covered with spines that are 2.8-3.6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long and 3.9-6.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide at the base. The distance between spines is 8.2-11.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Comparison of the pollen morphology of Cirsium Mill. subsect. Cirsium Australicirsium Kitam A C. arisanense Kitam B C. hosokawae Kitam C C. taiwanense Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang 1 polar view 2 equatorial view 3 colporate view. Scale bar: 30 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598050" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">2C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Cirsium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cirsium taiwanense" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="taiwanense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Cirsium taiwanense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is common in north-central Taiwan (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution map of Cirsium hosokawae Kitam. (▲) and C. taiwanense Y. H. Tseng & Chih Y. Chang (○) in Taiwan. The red interrupted lines indicate major geographical climate regions as per Su (1985), and the blue dotted lines indicate sections within each climate region. The right part of the figures shows a side view of Taiwan and the vertical lines indicate altitudinal vegetation zones as per Su (1984)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/598052" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The populations often grow in high mountain areas and experience limited disturbance by humans. Following the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Categories and Criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Taiwania" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B14" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we regard this species as of Least Concern (LC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion inferredBySuffix="true">Hsingchu County</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Jianshi Township, Mt. Itsashan,
|
||
<date value="1993-09-07">7 Sept. 1993</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. L. Huang 78</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!).
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Miaoli">Miaoli County</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Taian Township, en route from 99 lodge to Mt. Tapachienshan,
|
||
<date value="1985-08-11">11 Aug. 1985</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Peng 8492, 8542, 8543, 8544, 8545, 8546</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="1996-11-02">2 Nov. 1996</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. M. Wang 2384</emphasis>
|
||
(TNM!); Taian,
|
||
<date value="1996-09-13">13 Sept. 1996</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. H. Chen 1870</emphasis>
|
||
(TAIE!); 99 Lodge,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" unit="m" value="2780.0">2780 m</quantity>
|
||
alt.,
|
||
<date value="1996-11-02">2 Nov. 1996</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. M. Wang 2384</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); Mt. Hsishihshan,
|
||
<date value="1976-10-27">27 Oct. 1976</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">B. P. Yang 81</emphasis>
|
||
(TAIF!).
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Taichung">Taichung City</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Heping District, Mt. Nanhutashan,
|
||
<date value="1969-09-21">21 Sept. 1969</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">T. Yamazaki 281</emphasis>
|
||
(TI!); Yunleng cabin to Mt. Duojiatunshan,
|
||
<date value="1994-06-26">26 June 1994</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. M. Wang 1026</emphasis>
|
||
(TNM!); en route from entrance to Yunleng cabin,
|
||
<date value="2019-07-27">27 July 2019</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. Y. Chang 2478</emphasis>
|
||
(TCF); Derji,
|
||
<date value="1974-07-03">3 July 1974</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Peng 15</emphasis>
|
||
(TAI!); en route from entrance to Chika Lodge,
|
||
<date value="2003-06-01">1 June 2003</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. M. Wang 6908</emphasis>
|
||
(TNM!); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="2009-06-19">19 June 2009</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. M. Wang 13025</emphasis>
|
||
(TNM!); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="2011-06-20">20 Jun. 2011</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Huang 5273</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="2009-07-16">16 July 2009</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Y. H. Tseng 4697</emphasis>
|
||
(TCF); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="2021-02-09">9 Feb. 2021</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. Y. Chang 3269</emphasis>
|
||
(TCF); en route from Chika lodge to Mt. Syue east peak,
|
||
<date value="1986-08-07">7 Aug. 1986</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Peng 9660</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="2002-09-11">11 Sept. 2002</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Huang 1238</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!; TNM!); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="2011-06-21">21 June 2011</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Huang 5290</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); en route from Chika lodge to 369 Lodge,
|
||
<date value="1985-06-15">15 June 1985</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Peng 7887</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); behind 369 Lodge, margin of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Abies</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest,
|
||
<date value="2009-09-09">9 Sept. 2009</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. T. Chao 922</emphasis>
|
||
(TCF!); en route from Wuling lodge to Mt. Tao,
|
||
<date value="1988-08-24">24 Aug. 1988</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Peng 12012, 12020, 12100</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="2018-07-22">22 July 2018</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. Y. Chang 2133</emphasis>
|
||
(TCF!); en route from Wuling lodge to Taoshan waterfall,
|
||
<date value="1988-08-24">24 Aug. 1988</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Peng 12097</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); Huanshan,
|
||
<date value="2006-07-06">6 July 2006</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Z. H. Chen 186</emphasis>
|
||
(TAIF!).
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Nantou">Nantou County</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ren’ai">Ren'ai</normalizedToken>
|
||
Township, Guandaoxi,
|
||
<date value="1932-10-22">22 Oct. 1932</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">S. Sasao s. n.</emphasis>
|
||
(CHIA!); Hsinjenkang, Provincial Rd. No. 14A
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="km" value="21.0">21 km</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="1997-09-08">8 Sept. 1997</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">S. H. Wu 384</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); Provincial Rd. No. 14A
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="km" value="22.0">22 km</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2011-08-03">3 Aug. 2011</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">T. W. Hsu 17059</emphasis>
|
||
(TAIE!); Mt. Hohuanshan near Yuanfeng,
|
||
<date value="1985-07-13">13 July 1985</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. I Peng 8327</emphasis>
|
||
(HAST!); Nenggao Cross-ridge Historic Trail,
|
||
<date value="2006-02-28">28 Feb. 2006</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">M. J. Chung x22805</emphasis>
|
||
(TAIF!); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="2018-01-31">31 Jan. 2018</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. Y. Chang 1609</emphasis>
|
||
(TNM); Provincial Rd. No. 14A 21.5 km,
|
||
<date value="2015-10-02">2 Oct. 2015</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. Y. Chang 772</emphasis>
|
||
(TNM); same loc.,
|
||
<date value="2015-10-27">27 Oct. 2015</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">C. Y. Chang 839</emphasis>
|
||
(TNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |