treatments-xml/data/03/A3/87/03A387EC4E32FFE4FF72EB9BCBA5FCD6.xml

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<mods:title id="2D1B04495E7A371887A0AE8A58FD198D">Sand wasp (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) parasites emerging from mud wasp nests (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) - a reliable host record of Thraxan Yeates &amp; Lambkin (Diptera: Bombyliidae: Anthracinae) with description of the pupal exuviae of three Thraxan species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="840901CAF43E22B2E46F81BA0BABDE9F">Li, Xuankun</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C31065714E32FFE0FF72EB9BCB87FA7F" box="[151,698,1443,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E32FFE0FF72EB9BCB87FA7F" blockId="3.[151,698,1443,1506]" box="[151,698,1443,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<heading id="D0FD81964E32FFE0FF72EB9BCB87FA7F" bold="true" box="[151,698,1443,1470]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E32FFE0FF72EB9BCB87FA7F" ID-CoL="56LNK" authority="Yeates &amp; Lambkin, 1998" authorityName="Yeates &amp; Lambkin" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,698,1443,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Thraxan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="misatulus">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E32FFE0FF72EB9BCB87FA7F" bold="true" box="[151,698,1443,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E32FFE0FF72EB9BC840FA7F" bold="true" box="[151,381,1443,1470]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Thraxan misatulus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B4B0B4E32FFE0FE60EB9CCB87FA7F" author="Yeates, D. K. &amp; Lambkin, C. L." box="[389,698,1443,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" pagination="977 - 1078" refId="ref4501" refString="Yeates, D. K. &amp; Lambkin, C. L. (1998) Cryptic species diversity and character congruence: review of the tribe Anthracini (Diptera: Bombyliidae) in Australia. Invertebrate Systematics, 12 (6), 977 - 1078. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 97019" type="journal article" year="1998">Yeates &amp; Lambkin, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31065714E32FFE0FF72EBFFC9D6FA23" box="[151,235,1479,1506]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E32FFE0FF72EBFFC9D6FA23" blockId="3.[151,698,1443,1506]" box="[151,235,1479,1506]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
(
<figureCitation id="13312A7F4E32FFE0FF45EBFFC9DFFA23" box="[160,226,1479,1506]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,162,1837]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3 Thraxan misatulus Yeates &amp; Lambkin. Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31065714E32FFE0FF72E834CC0AF9AD" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E32FFE0FF72E834CD5AF9E5" blockId="3.[151,1127,1547,1572]" box="[151,1127,1547,1572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E32FFE0FF72E834CB61F9E5" ID-CoL="56LNK" authority="Yeates &amp; Lambkin, 1998" authorityName="Yeates &amp; Lambkin" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,604,1547,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Thraxan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="misatulus">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E32FFE0FF72E834C869F9E5" box="[151,340,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Thraxan misatulus</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B623CA74E32FFE0FEBEE834CB61F9E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2243135530" box="[347,604,1547,1572]" collectionCode="ANIC" country="Australia" location="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B4B0B4E32FFE0FEBEE834CB61F9E5" author="Yeates, D. K. &amp; Lambkin, C. L." box="[347,604,1547,1572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" pagination="977 - 1078" refId="ref4501" refString="Yeates, D. K. &amp; Lambkin, C. L. (1998) Cryptic species diversity and character congruence: review of the tribe Anthracini (Diptera: Bombyliidae) in Australia. Invertebrate Systematics, 12 (6), 977 - 1078. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 97019" type="journal article" year="1998">Yeates &amp; Lambkin, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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. Type-locality: 
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(Qld); 
<typeStatus id="54B188584E32FFE0FC7AE833CAC0F9E5" box="[927,1021,1547,1572]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D0CFD734E32FFE0FBE6E834CD25F9E2" box="[1027,1048,1548,1571]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, ANIC.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E32FFE0FF72E869CC0AF9AD" blockId="3.[151,1437,1617,2041]" box="[151,1335,1617,1645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E32FFE0FF72E869C8ABF9AD" bold="true" box="[151,406,1617,1644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B623CA74E32FFE0FE78E86ACC0FF9AD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2243135502" box="[413,1330,1617,1645]" collectingDate="1957-10" collectorName="P. R. Wilkinson" country="Australia" location="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<collectingCountry id="F31D766A4E32FFE0FE78E86ACB3AF9AD" box="[413,519,1618,1644]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Qld., 
<specimenCount id="9D0CFD734E32FFE0FDB4E86BCB5BF9AC" box="[593,614,1619,1645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
Pupal exuvia, bat cave. Boonah, 
<collectingDate id="EFF0E9D24E32FFE0FC39E86ACD45F9AD" box="[988,1144,1617,1644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" value="1957-10">
<date id="FFB4103A4E32FFE0FC39E86ACD45F9AD" box="[988,1144,1617,1644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" value="1957-10">October 1957</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="26FF532C4E32FFE0FB66E86BCC0FF9AD" box="[1155,1330,1618,1645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">P.R. Wilkinson</collectorName>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31065714E32FFE4FF22E84DCD0FFE39" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E32FFE4FF22E84DCD0FFE39" blockId="3.[151,1437,1617,2041]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,153,792]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E32FFE0FF22E84DC864F951" bold="true" box="[199,345,1653,1680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E32FFE0FE85E84EC8CEF951" box="[352,499,1654,1680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Pupal exuvia</emphasis>
. Length: 
<quantity id="4CF29B1F4E32FFE0FD85E84ECBFAF950" box="[608,711,1654,1681]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7899999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="17.9">17.9 mm</quantity>
. Head width: 3.0 mm. Thorax width: 
<quantity id="4CF29B1F4E32FFE0FB88E84ECDFBF950" box="[1133,1222,1654,1681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
. Abdominal width: 
<quantity id="4CF29B1F4E32FFE0FF72E8A1C9CDF974" box="[151,240,1689,1717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
, tapering to 
<quantity id="4CF29B1F4E32FFE0FE9AE8A2C8EBF974" box="[383,470,1690,1717]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
at width of anal segment. 
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E32FFE0FCE0E8A2CABDF975" box="[773,896,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Coloration</emphasis>
. Predominantly pale yellow, spines dark brown to black. 
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E32FFE0FEE5E886C879F919" box="[256,324,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Head.</emphasis>
Armed with 3 pairs of cephalic spines. One anterior antennal process (aap) present, base area with one dorsal long hair and one lateral long hair (
<figureCitation id="13312A7F4E32FFE0FD7BE8DACA2FF93C" box="[670,786,1762,1789]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,162,1837]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3 Thraxan misatulus Yeates &amp; Lambkin. Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
Figs 
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, h
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). Two posterior antennal processes (pap) present, two pap slightly shorter than aap (
<figureCitation id="13312A7F4E32FFE0FE51E93ECB15F8E0" box="[436,552,1798,1825]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,162,1837]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3 Thraxan misatulus Yeates &amp; Lambkin. Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">
Figs 
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, h
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). One median facial hair (mfha) present, one frontal spine (fsp) present. Labral sheath (lsh) with a small ventral subapical process. Proboscidal sheath (prsh) short, about 0.5 length of lsh, slightly rugose laterally. Maxillary sheath (msh) smooth, extending and connecting well after prsh. Palpal sheath (pash) rugose, extending slightly over lsh (
<figureCitation id="13312A7F4E32FFE0FDEBE94ACB42F84C" box="[526,639,1906,1933]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,162,1837]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3 Thraxan misatulus Yeates &amp; Lambkin. Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Figs 3c, d</figureCitation>
). One posterolateral facial hair (plfha) present. 
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E32FFE0FB6AE94ACDDAF84D" box="[1167,1255,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Thorax.</emphasis>
Mostly smooth, one small posterior mesothoracic callosity (pmc) present. Thorax with one long hair located anterior of pmc, one long hair located above pmc, and two pairs of dorsal hairs. Wing sheath (wsh) and base half of leg sheaths (lesh) smooth, apex half of lesh rugose (
<figureCitation id="13312A7F4E32FFE0FDF1E9E6CB55F838" box="[532,616,2014,2041]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,162,1837]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3 Thraxan misatulus Yeates &amp; Lambkin. Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="152">Fig. 3d</figureCitation>
). Wsh reaching abdominal segment 3. Fore leg sheath (lesh 1) exceeding apex of wing sheath, reaching abdominal segments 3, mid leg heath (lesh 2) reaching abdominal segment 4, hind leg sheath (lesh 3) reaching abdominal segment 5. 
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E36FFE4FD30EE85CA7BFF16" box="[725,838,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Eight abdominal segments visible, segments 8 and 9 fused (
<figureCitation id="13312A7F4E36FFE4FF06EED9C80BFF3D" box="[227,310,225,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,162,1837]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3 Thraxan misatulus Yeates &amp; Lambkin. Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
). Abdominal tergite 1 with a row of sparse long hairs. Abdominal tergites 2 to 6 with well-developed chitinous rods with both apexes raised as spines on tergites 2 to 5, and posterior apex raised as spines on tergite 6, and with short spines on tergite 7; long hairs present laterally and between two chitinous rods or spines on tergites 2 to 7 (
<figureCitation id="13312A7F4E36FFE4FF09EF75C802FEA6" box="[236,319,333,359]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,162,1837]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3 Thraxan misatulus Yeates &amp; Lambkin. Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Fig. 3e</figureCitation>
). Tergite 8+9 with one dorsal spine, one lateral spine, and one posterolateral callosity. Abdominal pleuras 2 to 7 each with a cambered row of long hairs, pleura 8+9 with four long hairs. Sternites 2 to 7 and 8+9 with a transverse row of hairs on posterior half. Anal segment smooth, some ventral small callosities present (
<figureCitation id="13312A7F4E36FFE4FAA5EFADCCB2FE71" box="[1344,1423,405,432]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,162,1837]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3 Thraxan misatulus Yeates &amp; Lambkin. Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Fig. 3j</figureCitation>
). Dorsal posterolateral process (dpp) small and fused, ventral posterolateral process (vpp) elongate, acute with one inboard spine, dorsal area with one dorsal spine and two ventral spines (
<figureCitation id="13312A7F4E36FFE4FC5BEFE5CD19FE39" box="[958,1060,477,504]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,162,1837]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3 Thraxan misatulus Yeates &amp; Lambkin. Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
Figs 
<date id="FFB4103A4E36FFE4FC13EFE5CD33FE36" box="[1014,1038,477,503]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">3i</date>
, j
</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF7566724E35FFE7FF72E951CD56F803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151152/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" startId="4.[151,250,1897,1922]" targetBox="[151,1423,166,1781]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E35FFE7FF72E951CD56F803" blockId="4.[151,1436,1897,1986]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E35FFE7FF72E951C831F843" bold="true" box="[151,268,1897,1922]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E35FFE7FEF4E951CB48F843" authority="Yeates &amp; Lambkin." authorityName="Yeates &amp; Lambkin." box="[273,629,1897,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Thraxan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteus">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E35FFE7FEF4E951C894F840" box="[273,425,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Thraxan luteus</emphasis>
Yeates &amp; Lambkin.
</taxonomicName>
Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7566724E34FFE6FF72E958CD85F878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151158/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" startId="5.[151,250,1888,1913]" targetBox="[151,1421,176,1824]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E34FFE6FF72E958CD85F878" blockId="5.[151,1437,1888,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E34FFE6FF72E958C833F8B8" bold="true" box="[151,270,1888,1913]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E34FFE6FEF0E959CB9BF8B8" authority="Yeates &amp; Lambkin." authorityName="Yeates &amp; Lambkin." box="[277,678,1888,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Thraxan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="misatulus">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E34FFE6FEF0E959C8E9F8B8" box="[277,468,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Thraxan misatulus</emphasis>
Yeates &amp; Lambkin.
</taxonomicName>
Male Pupal exuvia: (a) dorsal; (b) lateral; (c) head, ventral; (d); head and thorax, ventral; (e) abdominal segments 2 to 4, dorsal; (f) cephalic spines, dorsal; (g) cephalic spines, frontal; (h) cephalic spines, lateral; (i) anal segment, dorsal; (j) anal segment, ventral. Scale bars = 1 mm (c, e–j); = 0.1 mm (a, b, d).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7566724E37FFE5FF72E95ECAA1F87E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3151168/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" startId="6.[151,250,1894,1919]" targetBox="[217,1358,167,1795]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E37FFE5FF72E95ECAA1F87E" blockId="6.[151,1436,1894,1983]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E37FFE5FF72E95EC830F8BE" bold="true" box="[151,269,1894,1919]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
(a–c, g–j) 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E37FFE5FE9FE950CB4CF8BE" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[378,625,1894,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Pison" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillimum">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E37FFE5FE9FE950C889F8BE" box="[378,436,1896,1919]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Pison</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E37FFE5FE5EE95FCB11F8BE" box="[443,556,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">simillimum</emphasis>
Smith
</taxonomicName>
, (e–f) old mud nest, (d, k–l) 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E37FFE5FC76E95FCAD4F8BE" authorityName="Yeates &amp; Lambkin" authorityYear="1998" box="[915,1001,1895,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Thraxan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E37FFE5FC76E95FCAD4F8BE" box="[915,1001,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Thraxan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.: (a) healthy larva; (b) healthy pupa; (c) parasitised larva; (d) pupa; (e–f) showing 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E37FFE5FDA2E9BFCBA0F85E" authorityName="Yeates &amp; Lambkin" authorityYear="1998" box="[583,669,1927,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Thraxan" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E37FFE5FDA2E9BFCBA0F85E" box="[583,669,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Thraxan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pupa broken free from the mud nest; (g) larva ventral; (h) larva lateral; (i) pupa ventral; (j) pupa lateral; (k) young pupa lateral; (l) mature pupa lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C31065714E36FFE4FF22EC39C9F2FD81" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E36FFE4FF22EC39C9F2FD81" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,792]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E36FFE4FF22EC39C83BFDDA" bold="true" box="[199,262,513,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Host.</emphasis>
Based on the label: &quot;ex mud cocoon of large psammocharid, with pupal case&quot; (
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E36FFE4FB75EC39CC12FDDA" box="[1168,1327,513,539]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E36FFE4FADFEC39C9FFFD81" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pompilidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31065714E36FFE4FF22EC71CBA5FCD6" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB536FA4E36FFE4FF22EC71CBA5FCD6" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,792]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E36FFE4FF22EC71C806FDA2" bold="true" box="[199,315,585,611]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Remarks.</emphasis>
Because of the “mud” provenance of the host record, this pompilid species probably belongs to the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E36FFE4FF36EC55C869FD46" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1912" box="[211,340,621,647]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ageniellini">Ageniellini</taxonomicName>
, which are the only Australian pompilids known to use pre-existing or build mud-nests (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9B4B0B4E36FFE4FAB9EC55C9E9FD6A" author="Elliot, M. G." pageId="7" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref3749" refString="Elliot, M. G. (2007) Annotated catalogue of the Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) of Australia. Zootaxa, 1428, 1 - 83." type="journal article" year="2007">Elliot 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Currently the tribe includes three genera, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E36FFE4FD23ECAACA73FD6A" box="[710,846,658,683]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Macromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E36FFE4FD23ECAACA73FD6A" box="[710,846,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Macromeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E36FFE4FCB8ECA9CAD9FD6A" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1933" box="[861,996,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Phanagenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E36FFE4FCB8ECA9CAD9FD6A" box="[861,996,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Phanagenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E36FFE4FBFAECA9CC1CFD6A" box="[1055,1313,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E36FFE4FBFAECA9CDB1FD6A" authorityName="Spinola" authorityYear="1841" box="[1055,1164,657,683]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Auplopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Auplopus</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E36FFE4FB7CECAACC1CFD6A" box="[1177,1313,658,683]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Macromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Macromeris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
includes a single species with large individuals (&gt; 
<quantity id="4CF29B1F4E36FFE4FDAFEC8CCBA8FD0E" box="[586,661,692,719]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" unit="mm" value="25.0">25mm</quantity>
) and the remaining two genera together include more than 20 species with smaller individuals (&lt;
<quantity id="4CF29B1F4E36FFE4FE21ECE1CB2CFD32" box="[452,529,729,755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" unit="mm" value="10.0">10mm</quantity>
). Given the size recorded in the label data, presumably this record corresponds to a 
<taxonomicName id="4C0A4D794E36FFE4FF4EECC6CB1EFCD9" authority="(Lepeletier)" authorityName="Lepeletier" baseAuthorityName="Lepeletier" box="[171,547,765,792]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Macromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B97EEAE84E36FFE4FF4EECC6C8A5FCD6" box="[171,408,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Macromeris violacea</emphasis>
(Lepeletier)
</taxonomicName>
mud nest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>