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<mods:title id="379FAD3E983EF49613BA1FF5B62C1A7C">Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A0BE3B642BFF9DFF4FFC47FEEB57BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571135" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154499262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4571135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A0BE3B642BFF9DFF4FFC47FEEB57BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0BE3B642BFF9DFF4FFC47FEEB57BE" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="D0FEB841642BFF9EFF4FFC47FCB95481" bold="true" box="[151,888,977,1003]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF4FFC47FDCE5481" ID-CoL="54GGV" ID-ENA="187006" authority="(Blyth, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[151,527,977,1003]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFC47FEA95481" bold="true" box="[151,360,977,1003]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tadarida insignis</emphasis>
(
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)
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—East Asian Free-tailed Bat
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFB8EFE9B5344" box="[151,346,1048,1070]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFB8EFEC85344" box="[151,265,1048,1070]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Cephalotes</emphasis>
teniotis
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFEB8FB8EFD875344" author="Rafinesque" box="[352,582,1048,1070]" firstAuthor="Rafinesque" page="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref118648" refString="Rafinesque, C. S. (1814) Precis: Des Decouvertes Somiologiques ou Zoologiques et Botaniques de C. S Rafinesque. Royale typgraphie militaire, Palerme, 55 pp. [in French]" type="book" year="1814">Rafinesque, 1814 p.12</bibRefCitation>
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;
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locality-Sicily,
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD642BFF9EFCFCFB8EFC955344" box="[804,852,1048,1070]" name="Italy" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFBAEFEA25327" box="[151,355,1080,1101]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nyctinomus insignis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFEB2FBA0FDD75326" author="Blyth" box="[362,534,1078,1100]" firstAuthor="Blyth" page="90" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="90 - 98" refId="ref96010" refString="Blyth, E. (1862) Report of Curator, Zoological Department, May and June. Journal of the Asiatic society of Bengal, 30, 90 - 98." type="journal article" year="1862">Blyth, 1862 p.90</bibRefCitation>
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;
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locality-
<location id="8ED659F6642BFF9EFD6CFBA1FD355326" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A0BE3B642BFF9DFF4FFC47FEEB57BE:8ED659F6642BFF9EFD6CFBA1FD355326" box="[692,756,1079,1100]" country="China" name="Amoy" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" stateProvince="Fujian">Amoy</location>
,
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,
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD642BFF9EFC94FBA0FC4D5326" box="[844,908,1078,1100]" name="China" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">China</collectingCountry>
.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFF4FFBC3FDF15301" author="Thomas" box="[151,560,1109,1131]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF4FFBC3FDF15301" ID-CoL="54GGY" authority="Thomas, 1920 p. 283" authorityName="Thomas" authorityPageNumber="283" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,560,1109,1131]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latouchei">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFBC3FE965301" box="[151,343,1109,1131]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tadarida latouchei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFE85FBC3FDF15301" author="Thomas" box="[349,560,1109,1131]" firstAuthor="Thomas" page="283" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="283 - 285" refId="ref123343" refString="Thomas, O. (1920) Two new Asiatic bats of the Genera Tadarida and Dyacopterus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 5, 283 - 285. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932008632379" type="journal article" year="1920">Thomas, 1920 p.283</bibRefCitation>
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;
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locality-Chili,
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD642BFF9EFCDFFBC3FC865301" box="[775,839,1109,1131]" name="China" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">China</collectingCountry>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFC89FBC0FC2F5301" author="Tate" box="[849,1006,1109,1131]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1947">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFC89FBC0FC2F5301" author="Tate" box="[849,1006,1109,1131]" firstAuthor="Tate" page="98" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref122298" refString="Tate, G. H. (1947) Mammals of Eastern Asia. The Macmillan Company, New York, 366 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6397" type="book" year="1947">Tate, 1947 p.98</bibRefCitation>
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(reaches
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD642BFF9EFB97FBC0FB4C5301" box="[1103,1165,1110,1131]" name="South Korea" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Korea</collectingCountry>
and Vladivostok).
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFF4FFBE3FE1553E0" author="Ognev" box="[151,468,1140,1162]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1927">
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF4FFBE3FE1553E0" ID-CoL="485Q9" authority=": Ognev, 1927 p. 157" authorityName=": Ognev" authorityPageNumber="157" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,468,1140,1162]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFBE3FEC353E0" box="[151,258,1141,1162]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">N. insignis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFEC8FBE2FE1553E0" author="Ognev" box="[272,468,1140,1162]" firstAuthor="Ognev" page="157" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="140 - 157" refId="ref116442" refString="Ognev, S. I. (1927) A synopsis of the Russian Bats. Journal of Mammalogy, 8, 140 - 157. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1373648" type="journal article" year="1927">Ognev, 1927 p.157</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB192803642BFF9EFF4FFB05FCB853C2" box="[151,889,1170,1192]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFF4FFB05FD0953C2" author="Kishida, K. &amp; Mori, T." box="[151,712,1170,1192]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1931">
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF4FFB05FD0953C2" authority="Kishida: Kishida &amp; Mori, 1931 p. 379" authorityName="Kishida: Kishida &amp; Mori" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,712,1170,1192]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFB05FE8653C2" box="[151,327,1170,1192]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. septentrionalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFE94FB04FD4B53C2" author="Kishida, K. &amp; Mori, T." box="[332,650,1170,1192]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="372 - 391" refId="ref108188" refString="Kishida, K. &amp; Mori, T. (1931) On the distribution of terrestrial mammals of Korea. Zoological Magazine, 43, 372 - 391. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1931">
Kishida:
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFE71FB04FD4B53C2" author="Kishida &amp; Mori" box="[425,650,1170,1192]" firstAuthor="Kishida" page="379" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="372 - 391" refId="ref108188" refString="Kishida, K. &amp; Mori, T. (1931) On the distribution of terrestrial mammals of Korea. Zoological Magazine, 43, 372 - 391. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1931">Kishida &amp; Mori, 1931</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
p.379
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFD0FFB05FCAB53C2" box="[727,874,1170,1192]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nomen nudum</emphasis>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D642BFF9EFF4FFB24FE29538C" blockId="33.[151,1436,1048,1346]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB192803642BFF9EFF4FFB24FE29538C" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFF4FFB24FCC353AD" author="Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott" box="[151,770,1201,1223]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1951">
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF4FFB24FCC353AD" ID-CoL="54GGV" authority=": Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott, 1951 p. 134" authorityName="Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott" authorityPageNumber="134" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,770,1201,1223]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="teniotis" subSpecies="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFB24FE9253AD" box="[151,339,1202,1223]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. teniotis insignis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFEBAFB27FCC353AD" author="Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott" box="[354,770,1201,1223]" firstAuthor="Ellerman" page="134" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref99704" refString="Ellerman, J. R. &amp; Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1951) Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals 1758 to 1946. British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." type="book" year="1951">Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.134</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFCD7FB24FC0253AD" author="Won" box="[783,963,1201,1223]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1958">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFCD7FB24FC0253AD" author="Won" box="[783,963,1201,1223]" firstAuthor="Won" page="460" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="427 - 460" refId="ref125450" refString="Won, P. H. (1958) A hand list of Korean mammals. Bulletin of Kyung-Hee University, 1, 427 - 460." type="journal article" year="1958">Won, 1958 p.460</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFC08FB24FB4253AD" author="Won" box="[976,1155,1201,1223]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFC08FB24FB4253AD" author="Won" box="[976,1155,1201,1223]" firstAuthor="Won" page="353" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref125477" refString="Won, P. H. (1967) Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea. Fol. 7. Mammals. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 663 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1967">Won, 1967 p.353</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFB48FB24FA8553AD" author="Won" box="[1168,1348,1201,1223]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFB48FB24FA8553AD" author="Won" box="[1168,1348,1201,1223]" firstAuthor="Won" page="139" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref125422" refString="Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1968">Won, 1968 p.139</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFA89FB27FEEE538C" author="Corbet" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFA89FB27FEEE538C" author="Corbet" firstAuthor="Corbet" page="63" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref98305" refString="Corbet, G. B. (1978) The mammals of the Palaearctic region: a taxonomic review. British Museum (Natural History), London, 314 pp." type="book" year="1978">Corbet, 1978 p.63</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFEE1FB47FE25538C" author="Yoon" box="[313,484,1232,1254]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFEE1FB47FE25538C" author="Yoon" box="[313,484,1232,1254]" firstAuthor="Yoon" page="56" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref126177" refString="Yoon, M. H. (1992) The wildlife of Korea. Daewonsa Publishing Company, Seoul, 142 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1992">Yoon, 1992 p.56</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D642BFF9EFF4FFB66FE7A5249" blockId="33.[151,1436,1048,1346]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB192803642BFF9EFF4FFB66FE7A5249" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFF4FFB66FD67526E" author="Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott" box="[151,678,1262,1285]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1951">
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF4FFB66FD67526E" ID-CoL="54GH4" authority=": Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott, 1951 p. 133" authorityName=": Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,678,1262,1285]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="teniotis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFB66FF3A526F" box="[151,251,1264,1285]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. teniotis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFED1FB78FD67526E" author="Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott" box="[265,678,1262,1284]" firstAuthor="Ellerman" page="133" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref99704" refString="Ellerman, J. R. &amp; Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1951) Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals 1758 to 1946. British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." type="book" year="1951">Ellerman &amp; Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.133</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFD69FB78FCAC526E" author="Corbet" box="[689,877,1262,1284]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFD69FB78FCAC526E" author="Corbet" box="[689,877,1262,1284]" firstAuthor="Corbet" page="63" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref98305" refString="Corbet, G. B. (1978) The mammals of the Palaearctic region: a taxonomic review. British Museum (Natural History), London, 314 pp." type="book" year="1978">Corbet, 1978 p.63</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFCA0FB79FBD8526E" author="Han" box="[888,1049,1262,1284]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFCA0FB79FBD8526E" author="Han" box="[888,1049,1262,1284]" firstAuthor="Han" page="45" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="44 - 50" refId="ref101626" refString="Han, S. H. (1994) The checklist of Mammals in North Korea. Nature Conservation, 86, 44 - 50. [in Korean]" type="journal article" year="1994">Han, 1994 p.45</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFBFCFB79FAE9526E" author="Won &amp; Smith" box="[1060,1320,1262,1284]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFBFCFB79FAE9526E" author="Won &amp; Smith" box="[1060,1320,1262,1284]" firstAuthor="Won" page="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="3 - 33" refId="ref125289" refString="Won, C. M. &amp; Smith, K. G. (1999) History and current status of mammals of the Korean Peninsula. Mammal Review, 29, 3 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2907.1999.00034. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Won &amp; Smith, 1999 p.15</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFAECFB78FEC35249" author="Son" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFAECFB78FEC35249" author="Son" firstAuthor="Son" page="131" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref120897" refString="Son, S. W. (2001) Ji-sung natural history series. Fol. 3. Bats. Ji-Sung Publishing, Seoul, 164 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="2001">Son, 2001 p.131</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFED5FA98FE765249" author="Yoon" box="[269,439,1293,1315]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFED5FA98FE765249" author="Yoon" box="[269,439,1293,1315]" firstAuthor="Yoon" page="99" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref126304" refString="Yoon, M. H. (2010) Fertebrate Fauna of Korea. Fol. 5. No. 1 (Chordata: Fertebrata: Mammalia: Theria: Chiroptera) Bats. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 123 pp." type="book" year="2010">Yoon, 2010 p.99</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D642BFF9EFF4FFABBFE7B5228" blockId="33.[151,1436,1048,1346]" box="[151,442,1324,1346]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB192803642BFF9EFF4FFABBFE7B5228" box="[151,442,1324,1346]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C642BFF9EFF4FFABBFE775228" author="Yoon" box="[151,438,1324,1346]" page="" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="2004">
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF4FFABBFE775228" ID-CoL="54GGV" authority=": Yoon, 2004 p. 93" authorityName=": Yoon" authorityPageNumber="93" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,438,1324,1346]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFABBFF3E5228" box="[151,255,1325,1346]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. insignis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFED4FABBFE775228" author="Yoon, M. H." box="[268,438,1324,1346]" editor="Won, B. O." firstAuthor="Yoon" journalOrPublisher="Dongbang Media Press, Seoul" page="93" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="36 - 94" refId="ref126204" refString="Yoon, M. H. (2004) Order Chiroptera. In: Won, B. O. (Ed.), The mammals of Korea. Dongbang Media Press, Seoul, pp. 36 - 94. [in Korean]" title="Order Chiroptera" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The mammals of Korea" year="2004">Yoon, 2004 p.93</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3135CA6642BFF9EFF4FFAF9FE7252A5" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D642BFF9EFF4FFAF9FE7252A5" blockId="33.[151,1437,1390,1991]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FFAF9FF2D52ED" bold="true" box="[151,236,1391,1415]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Range:</emphasis>
The few specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFE21FAF9FDAF52EC" authorityName=": Ognev" authorityYear="1927" box="[505,622,1391,1414]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFE21FAF9FDAF52EC" box="[505,622,1391,1414]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected throughout
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD642BFF9EFCB0FAF9FC6C52EC" box="[872,941,1391,1414]" name="South Korea" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Korea</collectingCountry>
belie the fact that the species remains very rare. Recent records for
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFE7EFA02FDD852C1" authorityName=": Ognev" authorityYear="1927" box="[422,537,1428,1451]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFE7EFA02FDD852C1" box="[422,537,1428,1451]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
came from the warm coastal region such as Ansan, Geoje Island and
<collectingRegion id="49CDC1CF642BFF9EFAFCFA04FA9052C1" box="[1316,1361,1426,1451]" country="South Korea" name="Jeju" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Jeju</collectingRegion>
Island (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFF46FA21FE8E52A5" author="Han" box="[158,335,1462,1487]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Han" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref101797" refString="Han, S. H., Fukui, D., Chong, C. U., Choi, Y. G., Kim, S. S. &amp; Jun, J. M. (2011) Biodiversity and Phylogenetic Research of Bats in Forests (1). National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 63 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="2011">
Han
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF0EFA21FECF52A5" box="[214,270,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="133213A8642BFF9EFE83FA20FE6652A5" box="[347,423,1462,1487]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,267,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[340,1247,267,1723]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 18. Range map of Tadarida insignis in Korea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4571739/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig.18</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3135CA6642BFF9DFF1FFA4DFEEB57BE" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D642BFF9EFF1FFA4DFABB50AD" blockId="33.[151,1437,1390,1991]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF1FFA4DFEFC5299" bold="true" box="[199,317,1499,1523]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Remarks:</emphasis>
Based on the morphological characteristics of Japanese populations, East Asian
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFB32FA4AFA9A5299" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1814" box="[1258,1371,1500,1523]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cephalotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="teniotis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFB32FA4AFA9A5299" box="[1258,1371,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. teniotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were attributed a separate species,
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFE39FA69FD95517C" authorityName=": Ognev" authorityYear="1927" box="[481,596,1535,1558]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFE39FA69FD95517C" box="[481,596,1535,1558]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFDBBFA68FCD3517D" author="Simmons" box="[611,786,1534,1559]" firstAuthor="Simmons" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="312 - 529" refId="ref120476" refString="Simmons, N. B. (2005) Order Chiroptera. In: Wilson, D. E. &amp; Reeder, D. M. (Eds.), Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3 rd Edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 312 - 529." type="book chapter" year="2005">Simmons 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFCC6FA68FBD3517D" author="Aulagnier" box="[798,1042,1534,1559]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Aulagnier" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref95218" refString="Aulagnier, S., Paunovic, M., Karatas, A., Palmeirim, J., Hutson, A. M., Spitzenberger, F., Juste, J. &amp; Benda, P. (2008) Tadarida teniotis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014. 3. Avaialbe from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / (accessed 21 November 2014)" type="url" year="2008">
Aulagnier
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFC4DFA69FC06517D" box="[917,967,1534,1559]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
). However, Korean free-tailed bats show a closer morphological affinity with
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFD50F9B2FD3B5151" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1814" box="[648,762,1572,1595]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cephalotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="teniotis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFD50F9B2FD3B5151" box="[648,762,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. teniotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFC98F9B2FC755151" authorityName=": Ognev" authorityYear="1927" box="[832,948,1572,1595]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFC98F9B2FC755151" box="[832,948,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in some features, such as color of dorsal pelage, shape of keel, emargination of the anterior palate and plagiopatagium (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFB98F9D1FB065135" author="Yoon" box="[1088,1223,1607,1631]" firstAuthor="Yoon" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref126304" refString="Yoon, M. H. (2010) Fertebrate Fauna of Korea. Fol. 5. No. 1 (Chordata: Fertebrata: Mammalia: Theria: Chiroptera) Bats. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 123 pp." type="book" year="2010">Yoon 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Since
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFAF1F9D1FEC151E9" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cephalotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="teniotis" subSpecies="latouchei">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFAF1F9D1FEC151E9" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. teniotis latouchei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been regarded as a separate species, there is a high possibility that Korean
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFB41F9FCFB3E51E9" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1814" box="[1177,1279,1642,1667]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFB41F9FCFB3E51E9" box="[1177,1279,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tadarida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFA5FF9FAFE6C51CD" authority="Thomas, 1920" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1920" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latouchei">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFA5FF9FAFF3E51CD" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. latouchei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFED2F918FE6C51CD" author="Thomas" box="[266,429,1678,1703]" firstAuthor="Thomas" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="283 - 285" refId="ref123343" refString="Thomas, O. (1920) Two new Asiatic bats of the Genera Tadarida and Dyacopterus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 5, 283 - 285. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932008632379" type="journal article" year="1920">Thomas, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The
<typeStatus id="54B2B18F642BFF9EFE2DF919FDE451CD" box="[501,549,1679,1703]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
locality for
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFD61F919FC8151CD" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1920" box="[697,832,1678,1703]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latouchei">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFD61F919FC8151CD" box="[697,832,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. latouchei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closer to the Korean Peninsula (
<quantity id="4CF1A2C8642BFF9EFB07F919FAFA51CD" box="[1247,1339,1678,1703]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="km" value="380.0">380 km</quantity>
) than
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFA5FF919FF2F51A1" authorityName=": Ognev" authorityYear="1927" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFA5FF919FF2F51A1" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CF1A2C8642BFF9EFF25F925FEA551A1" box="[253,356,1714,1739]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="km" value="1400.0">1400 km</quantity>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFE7BF922FDD051A1" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1814" box="[419,529,1716,1739]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cephalotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="teniotis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFE7BF922FDD051A1" box="[419,529,1716,1739]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. teniotis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CF1A2C8642BFF9EFDF9F925FD4A51A1" box="[545,651,1714,1739]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="km" value="9400.0">9400 km</quantity>
). An analysis based on morphological measurements and including
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFA5FF922FEC15185" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1920" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latouchei">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFA5FF922FEC15185" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. latouchei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFEE3F941FE715184" authorityName=": Ognev" authorityYear="1927" box="[315,432,1751,1774]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFEE3F941FE715184" box="[315,432,1751,1774]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD642BFF9EFE21F941FDF85184" box="[505,569,1751,1774]" name="Japan" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Japan</collectingCountry>
showed that Korean specimens were intermediate between the two species (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFF46F96CFE225079" author="Funakoshi &amp; Kunisaki" box="[158,483,1786,1811]" firstAuthor="Funakoshi" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="115 - 123" refId="ref100162" refString="Funakoshi, K. &amp;. Kunisaki, T. (2000) On the validity of Tandarida latouchei, with reference to morphological divergence among T. latouchei, T. insignis and T. teniotis (Chiroptera, Molossidae). Mammal Study, 25, 115 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.3106 / mammalstudy. 25.115" type="journal article" year="2000">Funakoshi &amp; Kunisaki 2000</bibRefCitation>
). For example, the forearm length ranged from
<quantity id="4CF1A2C8642BFF9EFC20F96CFB5A5078" box="[1016,1179,1786,1811]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.505" metricValueMax="5.65" metricValueMin="5.36" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="55.05" valueMax="56.5" valueMin="53.6">53.656.5 mm</quantity>
and
<quantity id="4CF1A2C8642BFF9EFB0AF96CFAB45078" box="[1234,1397,1786,1811]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.284999999999999" metricValueMax="6.529999999999999" metricValueMin="6.04" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="62.849999999999994" valueMax="65.3" valueMin="60.4">60.465.3 mm</quantity>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF4FF889FEDD505D" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,284,1822,1847]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latouchei">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FF889FEDD505D" box="[151,284,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. latouchei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFE8CF889FE06505C" authorityName=": Ognev" authorityYear="1927" box="[340,455,1823,1846]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFE8CF889FE06505C" box="[340,455,1823,1846]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, respectively, while specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD642BFF9EFCB5F889FC73505C" box="[877,946,1823,1846]" name="South Korea" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Korea</collectingCountry>
measured
<quantity id="4CF1A2C8642BFF9EFBF5F888FB7D505C" box="[1069,1212,1822,1847]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.995" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="5.89" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="59.95" valueMax="61.0" valueMin="58.9">58.961 mm</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFB13F889FA8C505D" author="Yoon" box="[1227,1357,1823,1847]" firstAuthor="Yoon" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref126304" refString="Yoon, M. H. (2010) Fertebrate Fauna of Korea. Fol. 5. No. 1 (Chordata: Fertebrata: Mammalia: Theria: Chiroptera) Bats. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 123 pp." type="book" year="2010">Yoon 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Also, tibia length varied from
<quantity id="4CF1A2C8642BFF9EFE63F8D4FDA25030" box="[443,611,1858,1883]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7049999999999996" metricValueMax="1.72" metricValueMin="1.69" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="17.049999999999997" valueMax="17.2" valueMin="16.9">16.917.2 mm</quantity>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFDA0F8D2FCC05031" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1920" box="[632,769,1858,1883]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latouchei">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFDA0F8D2FCC05031" box="[632,769,1858,1883]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. latouchei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) to
<quantity id="4CF1A2C8642BFF9EFCE0F8D5FC775030" box="[824,950,1859,1883]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="17.0">1723 mm</quantity>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFC13F8D2FB825031" authorityName=": Ognev" authorityYear="1927" box="[971,1091,1860,1883]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Nyctinomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFC13F8D2FB825031" box="[971,1091,1860,1883]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and 19.8
<quantity id="4CF1A2C8642BFF9EFB14F8D5FAF45030" box="[1228,1333,1859,1883]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.97" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="19.7">19.7 mm</quantity>
(Korean
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF4FF8F0FF3A5015" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1814" box="[151,251,1894,1919]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF4FF8F0FF3A5015" box="[151,251,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tadarida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFECEF8F0FDF45015" author="Kishida and Mori" box="[278,565,1894,1919]" firstAuthor="Kishida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="372 - 391" refId="ref108188" refString="Kishida, K. &amp; Mori, T. (1931) On the distribution of terrestrial mammals of Korea. Zoological Magazine, 43, 372 - 391. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1931">Kishida and Mori (1931)</bibRefCitation>
assigned the subspecies
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFC8FF8F1FCA55014" box="[855,868,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">T</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFCADF8F1FBF25015" authorityName="Kishida: Kishida &amp; Mori" authorityYear="1931" box="[885,1075,1894,1919]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFCADF8F1FCBC5014" box="[885,893,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">t</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFC55F8F0FBF25015" box="[909,1075,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">septentrionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD642BFF9EFB85F8F1FB645014" box="[1117,1189,1895,1918]" name="South Korea" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Korea</collectingCountry>
. The classification of Korean
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE642BFF9EFF29F81CFE9650C9" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1814" box="[241,343,1930,1955]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFF29F81CFE9650C9" box="[241,343,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tadarida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not a fixed issue, and genetic studies are needed to address the taxonomic status of free-tailed bats in
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD642BFF9EFF30F839FEF150AC" box="[232,304,1967,1990]" name="South Korea" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Korea</collectingCountry>
. Here, we followed the taxonomy
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFD69F838FC4A50AD" author="of Simmons" box="[689,907,1966,1991]" firstAuthor="of Simmons" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="312 - 529" refId="ref120476" refString="Simmons, N. B. (2005) Order Chiroptera. In: Wilson, D. E. &amp; Reeder, D. M. (Eds.), Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3 rd Edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 312 - 529." type="book chapter" year="2005">of Simmons (2005)</bibRefCitation>
and IUCN Red List by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC642BFF9EFB4FF838FAB750AD" author="Maeda" box="[1175,1398,1966,1991]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Maeda" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref112828" refString="Maeda, K. &amp; Sano, A. (2008) Nyctalus furvus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / (accessed 16 November 2015) https: // doi. org / 10.2305 / IUCN. UK. 2008. RLTS. T 136765 A 4336825. en" type="journal volume" year="2008">
Maeda
<emphasis id="B97DD33F642BFF9EFB31F839FADA50AD" box="[1257,1307,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
. (2008)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D6428FF9DFF1FFF01FEEB57BE" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,213]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B97DD33F6428FF9DFF1FFF01FE7C57DA" bold="true" box="[199,445,151,176]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Conservation status:</emphasis>
This species has regional protection in the neighboring countries (
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6428FF9DFB7EFF01FB2A57DA" box="[1190,1259,151,176]" name="China" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6428FF9DFAF9FF0EFAA457DA" box="[1313,1381,152,176]" name="Japan" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Japan</collectingCountry>
), but not in
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD6428FF9DFF06FF2BFEE757BE" box="[222,294,189,212]" name="South Korea" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Korea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>