314 lines
45 KiB
XML
314 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="6B3065CD7316AB6D74C4CF5BF2A82595" ID-CLB-Dataset="30560" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4392.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="029d4e90-6c66-413a-ab4a-a8f431ad0671" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1195449" ID-ZooBank="E0D597C5-194B-4EF0-AD6D-3A178F8DD2F7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1520685840681" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yan, Fanhu & Lin, Yucheng" docDate="2018" docId="039487EDFFDC493435BCFE3CFAE2A9F5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.43922.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4392 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Singaporemma singulare Shear 1978" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="335" masterDocId="FFADFF95FFDA4932352BFFC3FFCDAC09" masterDocTitle="A review of the spider genus Singaporemma (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae), with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="346" masterPageNumber="329" pageNumber="335" updateTime="1698529309366" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="9CAB9FA68D73F00EF5C37002A3BF6CB1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1CCD7AD1F051091C62D53C395D67848A">
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<mods:title id="D6694679665EEC8CED0278621D170582">A review of the spider genus Singaporemma (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae), with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0371B7FC9D622A1C93E9FA00A4FE7FE6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="753476BE731B705B45BC678D0591DCE4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3EF5515E9401BB34D8E4EA1EAAB4BDC8">Yan, Fanhu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="59C1F3360DED062CF6B8AF43A9A49897" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2C6BE20472965206F03092A1B7FEF1D5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="344DB8B9BE68227FC5ADD556B7F23240">Lin, Yucheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F2BB53799E641041184B756FD254F558">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4FA665F8C909952AAC8330FAED759FC3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="01E682E7B62B2F3B66D8BC944E63147A">
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<mods:date id="4767F698EAF96B486AA4ADF42955EA86">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7EC7B5FFA1C4F996A24876A635EC1290">2018-03-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="613DC8E643CEF285326A5DB4ECD5857E">4392</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4953DF3A1D22F95C63BC52FB62421E22" type="CLB-Dataset">30560</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="764C474B5EF5D4EED832D347DA14C3DE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4392.2.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FF1E57C5ED56AD703C88B6E732703B23" type="GBIF-Dataset">029d4e90-6c66-413a-ab4a-a8f431ad0671</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9FB162E3FE78F97B9D759DEF46DC0950" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="039487EDFFDC493435BCFE3CFAE2A9F5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5983984" ID-GBIF-Taxon="142212027" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5983984" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487EDFFDC493435BCFE3CFAE2A9F5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039487EDFFDC493435BCFE3CFAE2A9F5" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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<subSubSection id="C3276570FFDC493435BCFE3CFE90AE32" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435BCFE3CFDADAE13" blockId="6.[151,608,511,571]" box="[151,608,511,538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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<heading id="D0CA8197FFDC493435BCFE3CFDADAE13" bold="true" box="[151,608,511,538]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC493435BCFE3CFDADAE13" ID-CoL="4XK2M" authority="Shear, 1978" authorityName="Shear" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,608,511,538]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singulare">
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||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435BCFE3CFDADAE13" bold="true" box="[151,608,511,538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435BCFE3CFE05AE10" bold="true" box="[151,456,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Singaporemma singulare</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B0AFFDC493434E4FDC3FDADAE13" box="[463,608,512,538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" refId="ref8423" refString="Shear, W. A. (1978) Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Tetrablemmidae and Pacullidae. American Museum Novitates, 2650, 1 - 46." type="journal article">Shear, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435BCFDE1FE90AE32" blockId="6.[151,608,511,571]" box="[151,349,546,571]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC493435BCFDE1FEE2AE32" box="[151,303,546,571]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Figures 6C–c</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC49343410FDE0FE90AE32" box="[315,349,547,571]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,193,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[200,1387,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–B). A, S. singulare (specimen from type locality); B, S. lenachanae (paratype); A–B, ventral. Scale bars: 0.10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195467/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">9A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3276570FFDC493435BCFDA8FC3AAE96" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435BCFDA8FD1DAE89" blockId="6.[151,1015,618,671]" box="[151,720,618,640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2D11D5FFDC493435BCFDA8FD1DAE89" box="[151,720,618,640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC493435BCFDA8FD8FAE89" authority="Shear, 1978: 36" authorityName="Shear" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,578,618,640]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">
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<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435BCFDA8FE57AE89" box="[151,410,619,640]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Singaporemma singularis</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9C10EAFFDC4934348AFDA9FD8FAE89" author="" box="[417,578,618,640]" page="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B0AFFDC4934348AFDA9FDD1AE89" box="[417,540,618,640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" refId="ref8423" refString="Shear, W. A. (1978) Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Tetrablemmidae and Pacullidae. American Museum Novitates, 2650, 1 - 46." type="journal article">Shear, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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: 36
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, figs 108–111
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435BCFD49FC3AAE96" blockId="6.[151,1015,618,671]" box="[151,1015,649,671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2D11D5FFDC493435BCFD49FC3AAE96" box="[151,1015,649,671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC493435BCFD49FE17AE96" ID-CoL="4XK2M" authority="Lin et al., 2017: 47" authorityName="Lin et al." authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,474,649,671]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singulare">
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<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435BCFD49FEC2AE97" box="[151,271,649,671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. singulare</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9C10EAFFDC4934343EFD4AFE17AE96" author="" box="[277,474,649,671]" page="47" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B0AFFDC4934343EFD4AFE78AE96" box="[277,437,649,671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" refId="ref8297" refString="Lin, Y., Koh, J. K. H., Koponen, S. & Li, S. (2017) Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Pacullidae and Tetrablemmidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Singapore. ZooKeys, 661, 15 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 661.10677" type="journal article">
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Lin
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<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343414FD49FEA6AE97" box="[319,363,649,671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">et al</emphasis>
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., 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 47
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs 22A–H, 23A–E, G–H, 24A–H, 25A–E, 26A–D.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3276570FFDC493435BCFD0FFC4EAF59" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435BCFD0FFDEAAF01" blockId="6.[151,1436,716,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435BCFD0FFDCCAEEC" bold="true" box="[151,513,716,741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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||
Examined material.
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||
<typeStatus id="54868859FFDC493434BFFD0FFDCCAEEC" box="[404,513,716,741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD72FFDC49343726FD0EFDEFAEED" box="[525,546,717,740]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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||
and
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||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343748FD0FFD1DAEEC" bold="true" box="[611,720,716,741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54868859FFDC49343748FD0FFD1DAEEC" box="[611,720,716,741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD72FFDC493437F0FD0FFD33AEED" box="[731,766,716,740]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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||
(
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<collectionCode id="ED2CAE3EFFDC49343639FD0FFCA3AEED" box="[786,878,716,740]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">AMNH</collectionCode>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F32A766BFFDC493436AEFD0FFBEAAEED" box="[901,1063,716,740]" name="Singapore" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
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: near MacRitchie Reservoir,
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<date id="FF83103BFFDC493430ABFD0FFEFEAF01" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" value="1950-10-25">25 October 1950</date>
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, M.W.F. Tweedie leg.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435ECFCD7FC4EAF59" blockId="6.[151,1436,716,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B553CA6FFDC493435ECFCD7FC4EAF59" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1834883979" collectingDate="2015-08-28" collectionCode="SUMNH" collectorName="Li & Y. Tong" country="Singapore" latitude="1.3537" location="Central Catchment Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.80817" municipality="Treetop Walk" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="5">
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||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435ECFCD7FE48AF24" bold="true" box="[199,389,788,813]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Other material.</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD72FFDC493434A4FCD7FE7FAF24" box="[399,434,788,813]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD72FFDC493434DBFCD7FDDEAF25" box="[496,531,788,812]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2CAE3EFFDC4934370EFCD7FD5DAF25" box="[549,656,788,812]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">SUMNH</collectionCode>
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||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A766BFFDC4934378CFCD7FC84AF25" box="[679,841,788,812]" name="Singapore" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EE26020FFDC4934367DFCD7FB26AF25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487EDFFDC493435BCFE3CFAE2A9F5:8EE26020FFDC4934367DFCD7FB26AF25" box="[854,1259,788,813]" country="Singapore" latitude="103.80817" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="1.3537" municipality="Treetop Walk" name="Central Catchment Nature Reserve" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Central Catchment Nature Reserve</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6AC81FFDC493431D1FCD6FA55AF24" box="[1274,1432,788,813]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Treetop Walk</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09503CFFDC493435BCFCF4FEFBAF59" box="[151,310,823,848]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" precision="1" value="103.80817">103°48.490′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE09503CFFDC4934346AFCF4FE0CAF59" box="[321,449,823,848]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" precision="1" value="1.3537">1°21.222′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF83103BFFDC493434E6FCFBFD4EAF59" box="[461,643,823,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" value="2015-08-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC7E9D3FFDC493434E6FCFBFD4EAF59" box="[461,643,823,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" value="2015-08-28">28 August 2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, S.
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||
<collectorName id="26C8532DFFDC49343780FCF4FD09AF59" box="[683,708,823,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Li</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8532DFFDC493437D0FCFBFC9FAF59" box="[763,850,824,848]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Y. Tong</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276570FFDC493435ECFC9FFAE6A8B1" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435ECFC9FFAE6A8B1" blockId="6.[151,1436,716,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435ECFC9FFE8CAF7C" bold="true" box="[199,321,860,885]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC49343482FC9FFDE2AF7D" box="[425,559,860,884]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singulare">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343482FC9FFDE2AF7D" box="[425,559,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. singulare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC49343603FC9FFC67AF7D" authorityName="Lin & Li" authorityYear="2010" box="[808,938,860,884]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifurcata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343603FC9FFC67AF7D" box="[808,938,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. bifurcata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC493436C9FC9FFB44AF7D" authorityName="Lin & Li" authorityYear="2014" box="[994,1161,860,884]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wulongensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493436C9FC9FFB44AF7D" box="[994,1161,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. wulongensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the embolus without furcate tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC49343432FCBCFEA5AF91" box="[281,360,895,920]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC493434BCFCBCFDCFAF91" box="[407,514,895,920]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6e–f</figureCitation>
|
||
); from male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC49343784FC43FCFDAF91" box="[687,816,896,920]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adjacens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343784FC43FCFDAF91" box="[687,816,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. adjacens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the slender, narrower embolus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC49343196FCBCFAC1AF91" box="[1213,1292,895,920]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC49343010FCBCFA42AF91" box="[1339,1423,895,920]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6h</figureCitation>
|
||
); from male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC49343404FC67FE68AFB5" authority="Yan & Lin, 2018" authorityName="Yan & Lin" authorityYear="2018" box="[303,421,932,956]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343404FC67FE68AFB5" box="[303,421,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. takensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343480FC67FE27AFB4" bold="true" box="[427,490,932,957]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A5792FFDC49343480FC67FE27AFB4" box="[427,490,932,957]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by the nearly straight embolus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC4934367AFC67FC52AFB4" box="[849,927,932,957]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC493436E6FC67FBD2AFB4" box="[973,1055,932,957]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B1EFFDC4934312BFC67FBD2AFB4" box="[1024,1055,932,957]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
); from male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC493431E7FC67FAB4AFB5" authorityName="Lin & Li" authorityYear="2014" box="[1228,1401,932,956]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banxiaoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493431E7FC67FAB4AFB5" box="[1228,1401,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. banxiaoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC493430ACFC67FEDAAFE9" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halongense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493430ACFC67FEDAAFE9" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. halongense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC4934347FFC0BFE3DAFE9" authorityName="Lin & Li" authorityYear="2017" box="[340,496,968,992]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lenachanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC4934347FFC0BFE3DAFE9" box="[340,496,968,992]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. lenachanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the embolic base starts from the centre of bulbous prolateral surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC4934300BFC04FAB8AFE9" box="[1312,1397,967,992]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC493435BCFC2FFE8AA80C" box="[151,327,1004,1029]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6A–B, 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the knife-shaped embolic tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC493437DAFC2FFC88A80C" box="[753,837,1004,1029]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC49343650FC2FFBD6A80C" box="[891,1051,1004,1029]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6a–b, 6d</figureCitation>
|
||
), but the blunt embolic tip in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC493430ACFC2FFEDAA821" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halongense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493430ACFC2FFEDAA821" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. halongense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC4934347AFBD3FE3DA821" authorityName="Lin & Li" authorityYear="2017" box="[337,496,1040,1064]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lenachanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC4934347AFBD3FE3DA821" box="[337,496,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. lenachanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC49343729FBCCFD4FA821" box="[514,642,1039,1064]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6a, 6d</figureCitation>
|
||
), the larger palpal tibia, shorter embolus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC49343157FBD3FAE1A821" authorityName="Lin & Li" authorityYear="2014" box="[1148,1324,1040,1064]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="banxiaoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343157FBD3FAE1A821" box="[1148,1324,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. banxiaoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC49343015FBCCFF7BA844" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6B, 6b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC49343466FBF7FE1BA845" box="[333,470,1076,1100]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singulare">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343466FBF7FE1BA845" box="[333,470,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. singulare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from the females of all other congeners with exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC493430ACFBF7FED5A879" authorityName="Lin & Li" authorityYear="2017" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lenachanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493430ACFBF7FED5A879" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. lenachanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of central process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC4934378BFB94FD3AA879" box="[672,759,1111,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,193,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[200,1387,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–B). A, S. singulare (specimen from type locality); B, S. lenachanae (paratype); A–B, ventral. Scale bars: 0.10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195467/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC4934360EFB94FCB3A879" box="[805,894,1111,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[198,1366,199,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1366,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Singaporemma bifurcata Lin & Li, 2010 A, male left palp, prolateral; B, ditto, retrolateral; C, female opisthosoma, ventral; D, genital area, ventral; E, genital area (lactic acid-treated), ventral. Scale bars: 0.20." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195453/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Figs 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC493436A2FB94FC02A879" box="[905,975,1111,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,193,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[200,1387,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Singaporemma takensis sp. n. female paratype. A, opisthosoma, ventral; B, genital area, ventral; C, genital area (lactic acid-treated), ventral; D, vulva (lactic acid-treated), dorsal. Scale bars: 0.20 for A–B, 0.10 for C–D." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195459/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">5C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC493436F1FB9BFBEDA879" box="[986,1056,1112,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1964,1986]" captionTargetBox="[196,1386,193,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[196,1386,193,1943]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–C). A, S. adjacens B, S. halongense C, S. banxiaoensis (paratype); A–B, ventral (cited from Lehtinen, 1981, slightly modified); C, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195463/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">7A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC49343100FB9BFBBFA879" box="[1067,1138,1112,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,249,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,193,1911]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[209,1378,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–B). A, S. bifurcata (topotype); B, S. wulongensis (paratype); A–B, ventral. Scale bars: 0.10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195465/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">8A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC493431D6FB9BFA4FA879" box="[1277,1410,1112,1136]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singulare">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493431D6FB9BFA4FA879" box="[1277,1410,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. singulare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC4934342BFBBFFE53A89D" authorityName="Lin & Li" authorityYear="2017" box="[256,414,1148,1172]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lenachanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC4934342BFBBFFE53A89D" box="[256,414,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. lenachanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a similar configuration of vulva, but can be distinguished from the latter by the shorter lateral horns, the wider postgenital plate, and the vulval ducts bent forward (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC49343169FB5CFB55A8B1" box="[1090,1176,1183,1208]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,193,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[200,1387,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–B). A, S. singulare (specimen from type locality); B, S. lenachanae (paratype); A–B, ventral. Scale bars: 0.10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195467/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC493431ECFB5CFAD3A8B1" box="[1223,1310,1183,1208]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[200,1387,193,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[200,1387,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Singaporemma spp. female genital area and cleared vulva (A–B). A, S. singulare (specimen from type locality); B, S. lenachanae (paratype); A–B, ventral. Scale bars: 0.10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195467/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276570FFDC493435ECFB07FDA6A8D5" box="[199,619,1220,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435ECFB07FDA6A8D5" blockId="6.[151,1436,716,1533]" box="[199,619,1220,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435ECFB07FE94A8D4" bold="true" box="[199,345,1220,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B0AFFDC493434A4FB07FDF0A8D5" box="[399,573,1220,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" refId="ref8297" refString="Lin, Y., Koh, J. K. H., Koponen, S. & Li, S. (2017) Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Pacullidae and Tetrablemmidae (Arachnida, Araneae) from Singapore. ZooKeys, 661, 15 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 661.10677" type="journal article">Lin et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 47.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276570FFDC493435ECFB24FD84A909" box="[199,585,1255,1280]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435ECFB24FD84A909" blockId="6.[151,1436,716,1533]" box="[199,585,1255,1280]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435ECFB24FEADA909" bold="true" box="[199,352,1255,1280]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A766BFFDC4934344CFB24FE14A909" box="[359,473,1255,1280]" name="Singapore" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC493434C3FB24FDF6A909" box="[488,571,1255,1280]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1912,1934]" captionTargetBox="[216,1371,193,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[216,1371,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution records of Singaporemma spp. in the world. White balloon—S. adjacens; Blue balloon—S. banxiaoensis; Red-black circle—S. bifurcata; Red round—S. halongense; Red triangle—S. lenachanae; Red balloon—S. singulare; Red-black concentric circle—S. takensis sp. n.; Yellow square—S. wulongensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195469/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3276570FFDC493435ECFACFFAE2A9F5" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8236FBFFDC493435ECFACFFAE2A9F5" blockId="6.[151,1436,716,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC493435ECFACFFEF6A92C" bold="true" box="[199,315,1292,1317]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B0AFFDC49343469FACFFE1EA92D" box="[322,467,1292,1317]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" refId="ref8423" refString="Shear, W. A. (1978) Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Tetrablemmidae and Pacullidae. American Museum Novitates, 2650, 1 - 46." type="journal article">Shear (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
originally described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC49343794FACFFC89A92D" box="[703,836,1292,1316]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singulare">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343794FACFFC89A92D" box="[703,836,1292,1316]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. singulare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32A766BFFDC493436A3FACFFC34A92C" box="[904,1017,1292,1317]" name="Singapore" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
that was appointed to
|
||
<typeStatus id="54868859FFDC493431DDFACEFAEBA92C" box="[1270,1318,1293,1317]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC49343422FAF3FE7CA94E" authorityName="Shear" authorityYear="1978" box="[265,433,1328,1351]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343422FAF3FE7CA94E" box="[265,433,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Singaporemma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Because only the male specimen was available at that time, he illustrated an embolus of the right palp that was said to be “curving sharply posteriorly” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B0AFFDC49343648FA97FB74A965" box="[867,1209,1364,1389]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" refId="ref8423" refString="Shear, W. A. (1978) Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Tetrablemmidae and Pacullidae. American Museum Novitates, 2650, 1 - 46." type="journal article">Shear, 1978: 36, figs 109–110</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B0AFFDC493431E7FA97FEF2A999" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" refId="ref8363" refString="Schwendinger, P. J. & Kosulic, O. (2015) Two new species of armoured spiders from Vietnam and Cambodia (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae: Pacullinae). Revue suisse de zoologie; annales de la Societe zoologique suisse et du Museum d'histoire naturelle de Geneve, 122 (2), 423 - 436." type="journal article">Schwendinger and Košulič (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that Shear’s description of the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC49343646FABBFC3FA999" box="[877,1010,1400,1424]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singulare">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC49343646FABBFC3FA999" box="[877,1010,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. singulare</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was doubtful because it was based on the only male specimen, and they suspect that an atypical specimen may have been used to describe the male palp of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D78FFDC4934359EFA03FD75A9D1" authority="(Schwendinger & Kosulic, 2015)" authorityName="Schwendinger & Kosulic" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Schwendinger & Kosulic" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[181,696,1471,1496]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetrablemmidae" genus="Singaporemma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singulare">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EAE9FFDC4934359EFA03FEF7A9D1" box="[181,314,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">S. singulare</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B0AFFDC49343463FA7CFD7DA9D1" box="[328,688,1471,1496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" refId="ref8363" refString="Schwendinger, P. J. & Kosulic, O. (2015) Two new species of armoured spiders from Vietnam and Cambodia (Araneae: Tetrablemmidae: Pacullinae). Revue suisse de zoologie; annales de la Societe zoologique suisse et du Museum d'histoire naturelle de Geneve, 122 (2), 423 - 436." type="journal article">Schwendinger & Košulič, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. After re-examining the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54868859FFDC493436E1FA7CFBE1A9D1" box="[970,1068,1471,1496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of the species and photographed its left palp (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A7EFFDC4934340FFA27FE5AA9F4" box="[292,407,1508,1533]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[208,1361,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Singaporemma spp. male left palp (A–H) and embolic tips (a–h). A–a, S. halongense (paratype); B–b, S. banxiaoensis (holotype); C–c, S. singulare (holotype); D–d, S. lenachanae (paratype); E–e, S. wulongensis (holotype); F–f, S. bifurcata (topotype); G–g, S. takensis sp. n. (holotype); H–h, S. adjacens (holotype, photographed by Dr. Seppo Koponen). A– G, a–g, prolateral; H, h, retrolateral. Scale bars: 0.10 for A–H, 0.05 for a–h." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1195461/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="335">Fig. 6C–c</figureCitation>
|
||
), we can confirm that a deformed embolus was indeed described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B0AFFDC493431BDFA27FAE6A9F5" box="[1174,1323,1508,1533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="335" refId="ref8423" refString="Shear, W. A. (1978) Taxonomic notes on the armored spiders of the families Tetrablemmidae and Pacullidae. American Museum Novitates, 2650, 1 - 46." type="journal article">Shear (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |