290 lines
33 KiB
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290 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.20986" ID-GBIF-Dataset="68c74652-8fc0-43c6-8585-3a375c867ce0" ID-PMC="PMC5674013" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-703-97" ID-PubMed="29118605" ID-ZBK="9520AF9A9F9A4892B875D39D4A4C5B25" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-703-97" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 703" ModsDocTitle="A new species of Tridactylogonus Jeekel, 1982 from South Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)" checkinTime="1506663133179" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mesibov, Robert" docDate="2017" docId="7C00BD3C86EA306BAF0831CF04C34B16" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 703: 97-107" docOrigin="ZooKeys 703" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.20986" docTitle="Tridactylogonus warrenbenensis Mesibov, 2017, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="535BAB9A-9AAC-4E74-AFED-6708BC8D301C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="22206B7DFFF3B071FFF13147666EC23D" masterDocTitle="A new species of Tridactylogonus Jeekel, 1982 from South Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)" masterLastPageNumber="107" masterPageNumber="97" pageNumber="97" updateTime="1668164861004" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Tridactylogonus Jeekel, 1982 from South Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mesibov, Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>703</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>97</mods:start>
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<mods:end>107</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.20986</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.703.20986</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-703-97</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">9520AF9A9F9A4892B875D39D4A4C5B25</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9520AF9A9F9A4892B875D39D4A4C5B25</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="134873747" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:535BAB9A-9AAC-4E74-AFED-6708BC8D301C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C00BD3C86EA306BAF0831CF04C34B16" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/535BAB9A-9AAC-4E74-AFED-6708BC8D301C" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tridactylogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tridactylogonus warrenbenensis" order="Diplopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">Tridactylogonus warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="97">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1 (maps), 2, 3, 4, 5C, 5E
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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Male, Warrenben Conservation Park, SA, -35.1102, 137.0222
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 m, 30 m a.s.l., 16 August 2017, R. Mesibov and C. Arnold, open she-oak woodland, SAM OM2184.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="98" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="1" pageNumber="98" start="start">Paratypes</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">3 males, 7 females, details as for holotype, SAM OM2185-OM2194.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="98" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
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1 male, 2 females, 1 juvenile, Warrenben Conservation Park, SA, -35.0926, 137.0121
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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100 m, 20 m a.s.l., 3 June 2016, R. Mesibov and T. Moule, degraded she-oak woodland, SAM OM2169; 1 juvenile, same details but -35.0922, 137.0464
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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100 m, 40 m a.s.l., 4 June 2016, burned she-oak and eucalypt woodland, SAM (not registered); 1 male, 2 juveniles, same locality but -35.1113, 137.0184
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 m, 30 m a.s.l., 15 August 2017, R. Mesibov, eucalypt and tea tree woodland, SAM OM2195-OM2197; 1 juvenile, same details but -35.1125, 137.0152
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 m, tea tree copse, SAM OM2198; 1 juvenile, same details but -35.1107, 137.0122
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 m, degraded she-oak woodland, SAM OM2199.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="98" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
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Differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. obscurus" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="obscurus">T. obscurus</taxonomicName>
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in having variably rugose rather than smooth metatergites, and in the anteromedial process of the gonopod telopodite being flattened rather than lanceolate. Differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rugosissimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="rugosissimus">T. rugosissimus</taxonomicName>
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in having one process extending from the base of the solenomere rather than two. Differs from both
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. obscurus" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="obscurus">T. obscurus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rugosissimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="rugosissimus">T. rugosissimus</taxonomicName>
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in lacking a femoral process or tubercle on male leg 1.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">Male/female approximate measurements (all adults): length ca 12/14 mm, maximum midbody width 1.1/1.3 mm. Colour in alcohol (Fig. 2) light to medium brown, lightening ventrally, with yellowish paramedian bands dorsally, the bands on the prozonite closest together at the waist (Fig. 2C). Head yellowish laterally. Antennae brown, legs pale, in both cases darkening distally.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tridactylogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tridactylogonus warrenbenensis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">Tridactylogonus warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Holotype (SAM OM2184), anterior end B Paratype male (ex SAM OM2185-OM2194), posterior end C Paratype female (ex SAM OM2185-OM2194), dorsal view of midbody rings D Paratype male (ex SAM OM2185-OM2194), posterior view of isolated midbody ring. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
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Male with vertex bare, frons sparsely setose, clypeus moderately setose; vertigial sulcus distinct, ending just above level of antennal sockets; post-antennal groove shallow; antennal sockets separated by ca 1 socket diameter. Antennae clavate, reaching dorsally to rear of ring 2; antennomeres with relative lengths 6>(2=3)>(4=5); 6 thickest. Collum (Fig. 2A) half moon-shaped, strongly convex, rear margin straight, corners rounded and slightly upturned. Head slightly wider than collum; collum to ring 18 nearly uniform in width but rings 2 and 3 slightly narrower. Ring 2 paranotum (Fig. 2A) thin, dorsally concave, set lower than collum corner and ring 3 paranotum, extending slightly past posterior ring margin. Paranota on rings 3 and 4 (Fig. 2A) similar but thicker. Paranota on rings 5-18 (Figs 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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, 4A) prominent, set at ca 1/2 ring height; in lateral view rounded anteriorly, bluntly pointed posteriorly, extending just past posterior ring margin; dorsally concave medial to thickened lateral margin (Fig. 3A). No pleural keels on anterior rings.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tridactylogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tridactylogonus warrenbenensis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="1" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">Tridactylogonus warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., male (SAM OM2195). A Dorsal view of midbody ring; t = transverse furrow B Ventral view of gonopods in situ; amp = anteromedial process, f = femoral portion, g = gonocoxa, pf = prefemoral portion of telopodite, s = solenomere. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="1" pageNumber="98">
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Waist (Figs 2C, 3A) distinct, the zone between suture and anterior metazonite margin longitudinally ridged. Prozonites (Fig. 3) with prominent cellular sculpture dorsally, laterally and ventrally. Metatergites with transverse row of 4 prominent setae anterior to transverse furrow, the setae often abraded; posterior rings (Fig. 2B) with transverse row of setae near rear margin of metatergite. Metazonites laterally and ventrally with very small, irregular ridges (Fig. 4A, E) with flattened tops and rounded edges. Metatergites sometimes also with low, irregular folds, giving metatergite a variably wrinkled appearance (Figs 2D, 3A). Transverse furrow (Figs 2C, 3A) on rings 3-18 at ca 1/2 metatergite length, deeply impressed with some longitudinal ridging. Limbus a short, thin, uniformly wide sheet. Pore formula normal; ozopore (Fig. 4A) round, opening laterally
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="99" start="start">at</pageBreakToken>
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anterior end of narrow, ovoid depression at rear of paranotal margin. Spiracles on diplosegments above and just anterior to leg bases, rims thin; anterior spiracle (Fig. 4D) with rim slightly elevated, filter slightly emergent dorsally, filter elements flattened and with forked tips. Midbody sternites about as long as wide, sparsely and finely setose, cross impressions about equal in depth; no cones or other projections on any sternites. Midbody legs (Fig. 2D) with relative podomere lengths (femur=tarsus)>prefemur>(postfemur= tibia). Pre-anal ring (Fig. 2B) with a few long setae; epiproct extending well past anal valves, in dorsal view slightly tapering and truncate, tip ca 1/3 width of pre-anal ring; hypoproct paraboloid. Spinnerets in square array, dorsal setae longer than ventral, each pair set in narrow, shallow, transverse concavity on posterior surface of epiproct.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="99">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="99">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tridactylogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tridactylogonus warrenbenensis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="2" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">Tridactylogonus warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., male (SAM OM2195). A Left lateral view of midbody paranotum; o = ozopore B Posterior view of sternal lamella between legs 5 C Posteroventral view of right leg 1; fe = femur, pof = postfemur, prf = prefemur, ta = tarsus, ti = tibia D Left lateral view of anterior spiracle on midbody ring E Close-up of microscopic ridges below paranotum in A. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B, C); 0.05 mm (D), 0.1 mm (E).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="2" pageNumber="99">
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Leg 1 without ventral femoral process or tubercle (Fig. 4C). Gonopore small, round, opening on slight distomedial bulge of leg 2 coxa. Sternal lamella (Fig. 4B) between legs 5 ca 2/3 as wide as space between leg 5 coxae, short, distally with 2 bluntly rounded, setose projections. Sparse brush setae on leg 2 tarsus only. Anterior leg prefemora not swollen dorsally. Gonopod aperture (Fig. 3B) just wide enough to accommodate gonocoxae,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="100" start="start">ca</pageBreakToken>
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1/2 ring 7 prozonite width. Gonopod telopodites (Figs 3B, 5C, 5E) straight, parallel, reaching leg 6 bases when retracted; sternite between legpairs 6 and 7 slightly excavate. Gonocoxa short, truncate-conical, with a few long setae anterolaterally. Cannula prominent. Telopodite with prefemoral portion moderately setose medially, marked distally by very slight constriction and by obvious reduction in telopodite width. Femoral portion ca 1/2 acropodite length, subcylindrical, ending posteriorly in lip-like extension. Distal half of acropodite with two (not three) processes: broad, laminate, distally rounded-truncate solenomere, slightly concave anteriorly and broadly emarginate medially; and short anteromedial process, ca 1/2 solenomere length, directed slightly distomedially, laminate with rounded, sparsely microdentate distal margin. Prostatic groove prominent, running distally along anteromedial surface of femoral portion, then curving between bases of solenomere and anteromedial process and along anterior surface of solenomere, terminating as short, central projection on distal solenomere margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Female more robust than male; epigyne thickened but barely protruding; cyphopods not examined.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="name">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="100">For the type locality, Warrenben Conservation Park.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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Known from six localities over ca 4 km2 in Warrenben Conservation Park at the southern end of the Yorke Peninsula, South Australia (Fig. 1A, B). Found in bark litter under dead she-oak trees (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Allocasuarina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Allocasuarina stricta" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">Allocasuarina stricta</taxonomicName>
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) and in
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus" order="Myrtales" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eucalyptus</taxonomicName>
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sp. bark litter in shrubby, mallee-type vegetation on limestone at 20-30 m elevation. The area has an annual rainfall of ca 440 mm (
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<bibRefCitation author="Akkari, N" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" url="http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_022049.shtml" year="2017">Bureau of Meteorology 2017</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="100">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
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Taxonomic affinities. Although its gonopod telopodite is
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“bidactylous”">"bidactylous"</normalizedToken>
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rather than
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“tridactylous”">"tridactylous"</normalizedToken>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. warrenbenensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">T. warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. closely resembles the other two
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tridactylogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tridactylogonus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tridactylogonus</taxonomicName>
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species in its small size and gonopod form. The genus was thought by
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<bibRefCitation author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Zooelogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="121 - 132" title="Millipedes from Australia, 1: Antichiropodini from South Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/549212" volume="8" year="1982">Jeekel (1982</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 128) to "stand rather isolated" within the tribe
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="tribe" tribe="Antichiropodini">Antichiropodini</taxonomicName>
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, and its discovery "might seem to narrow the taxonomic disjunction between this tribe and the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="tribe" tribe="Australiosomatini">Australiosomatini</taxonomicName>
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". However, as in other Australian
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="tribe" tribe="Antichiropodini">Antichiropodini</taxonomicName>
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, especially
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Aethalosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aethalosoma" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aethalosoma</taxonomicName>
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Jeekel, 2006,
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Aulacoporus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulacoporus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aulacoporus</taxonomicName>
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Verhoeff, 1924,
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Brochopeltis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brochopeltis" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Brochopeltis</taxonomicName>
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Verhoeff, 1924,
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pseudostrongylosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudostrongylosoma" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudostrongylosoma</taxonomicName>
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Verhoeff, 1924 and
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Walesoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Walesoma" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Walesoma</taxonomicName>
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Verhoeff, 1928, the gonopod telopodite in
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tridactylogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tridactylogonus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tridactylogonus</taxonomicName>
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has a narrow, straight femoral portion arising from a small, setose prefemoral portion, with the femoral portion clearly demarcated from the solenomere and any other apical processes. Also, as in
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Aethalosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aethalosoma" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aethalosoma</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Dicranogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicranogonus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dicranogonus</taxonomicName>
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Jeekel, 1982,
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Notodesmus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notodesmus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Notodesmus</taxonomicName>
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Chamberlin, 1920 and
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<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Pogonosternum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pogonosternum" order="Polydesmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pogonosternum</taxonomicName>
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Jeekel, 1965 (fig. 2 in
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<bibRefCitation author="Mesibov, R" journalOrPublisher="Soil Organisms" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="531 - 542" title="New and little-used morphological characters in Polydesmida (Diplopoda)." url="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/soilorganisms/volume_81_3/21_mesibov.pdf" volume="81" year="2009">Mesibov 2009</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 4B in
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<bibRefCitation author="Decker, P" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 34" title="Revision of the Australian millipede genus Pogonosternum Jeekel, 1965, with descriptions of two new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.259" volume="259" year="2017">Decker et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the spiracular filter elements in the new species are flattened and have forked tips.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="3" pageNumber="100">
|
||
Within the genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. warrenbenensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">T. warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rugosissimus" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="rugosissimus">T. rugosissimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
in gonopod form and in metazonite sculpturing (see below), which
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Myriapod Memoranda" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="60 - 77" title="Millipedes from Australia, 14: A third contribution to the South Australian Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." volume="5" year="2002">Jeekel (2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 65) thought could distinguish the latter species "from all other known Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Paradoxosomatidae" lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="family">Paradoxosomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
". The new species is remarkable in lacking a femoral process or tubercle on male leg 1, a character almost universally present in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Australiosomatinae">Australiosomatinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Jeekel reported that the leg 1 femur in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. obscurus" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="obscurus">T. obscurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
had "the usual ventral tubercle" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Zooelogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="121 - 132" title="Millipedes from Australia, 1: Antichiropodini from South Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/549212" volume="8" year="1982">Jeekel 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p.130), and in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rugosissimus" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="rugosissimus">T. rugosissimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
"a small ventral tubercle" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Myriapod Memoranda" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="60 - 77" title="Millipedes from Australia, 14: A third contribution to the South Australian Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." volume="5" year="2002">Jeekel 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 64). Unfortunately I have not been able to examine the type and only known specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rugosissimus" pageId="3" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="rugosissimus">T. rugosissimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
; it was not deposited in the South Australian Museum as proposed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Myriapod Memoranda" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="60 - 77" title="Millipedes from Australia, 14: A third contribution to the South Australian Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." volume="5" year="2002">Jeekel 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 60) and has not
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="101" start="start">been</pageBreakToken>
|
||
found among material in the late Dr
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jeekel’s">Jeekel's</normalizedToken>
|
||
study collection in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leyden, the Netherlands (K. van Dorp, in litt., 17 September 2014).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="4" pageNumber="101">
|
||
Surface sculpture.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Zooelogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="121 - 132" title="Millipedes from Australia, 1: Antichiropodini from South Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/549212" volume="8" year="1982">Jeekel (1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 129) noted "a fine, but quite conspicuous cellular structure" on the prozonites and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“subgranulose”">"subgranulose"</normalizedToken>
|
||
sides in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. obscurus" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" rank="species" species="obscurus">T. obscurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rugosissimus" pageId="4" pageNumber="101" rank="species" species="rugosissimus">T. rugosissimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
the
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="102" start="start">prozonites</pageBreakToken>
|
||
were said to have either "pronounced reticulate structure or minute and regular granulation", while the metatergites were "coarsely and densely rugose, with irregular longitudinal or somewhat oblique or undulate rugae", and the sides "coarsely granulose to
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="103" start="start">subrugulose</pageBreakToken>
|
||
" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Myriapod Memoranda" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="60 - 77" title="Millipedes from Australia, 14: A third contribution to the South Australian Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." volume="5" year="2002">Jeekel 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 63). Cellular prozonite sculpturing seems to be a constant character state in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. warrenbenensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">T. warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. and closely resembles the prozonite sculpturing in another Australian paradoxosomatid,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" genus="Desmoxytoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytoides hasenpuschorum" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hasenpuschorum">Desmoxytoides hasenpuschorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mesibov, 2006 (fig. 5A in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mesibov, R" journalOrPublisher="Soil Organisms" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="531 - 542" title="New and little-used morphological characters in Polydesmida (Diplopoda)." url="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/soilorganisms/volume_81_3/21_mesibov.pdf" volume="81" year="2009">Mesibov 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Rugose”">"Rugose"</normalizedToken>
|
||
sculpturing of the metazonites is more variable. It is always present on the sides as irregular microscopic ridges, but is variably prominent on the metatergites as coarse, narrow wrinkles. Each microscopic ridge appears to project from one cuticular scale, but ridges on adjoining scales sometimes appear to be confluent (Fig. 4E), in contrast to the discretely spaced projections seen in some other recently examined
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="Strongylosomatidea" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="order">Polydesmida</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mesibov, R" journalOrPublisher="Soil Organisms" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="531 - 542" title="New and little-used morphological characters in Polydesmida (Diplopoda)." url="http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/soilorganisms/volume_81_3/21_mesibov.pdf" volume="81" year="2009">Mesibov 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Akkari, N" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" pagination="1 - 24" title="On some surface structures of potential taxonomic importance in families of the suborders Polydesmidea and Dalodesmidea (Polydesmida, Diplopoda)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.156.2134" volume="156" year="2011">Akkari and Enghoff 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
Biogeography and conservation. The three
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tridactylogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tridactylogonus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tridactylogonus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species occur around Spencer and St Vincent Gulfs in southern South Australia (Fig. 1B) and form an allopatric species mosaic.
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. warrenbenensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">T. warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is so far known only from Warrenben Conservation Park (Fig. 1A), which covers ca 4000 ha and is managed for nature conservation. Over several days of searching in 2016 and 2017 I was unable to find any native millipedes in the nearby and larger Innes National Park (Fig. 1A), despite the presence there of apparently suitable woodland and scrub habitats. The National Park instead has a dense and almost ubiquitous population of the introduced Portugese millipede
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Julidae" genus="Ommatoiulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ommatoiulus moreleti" order="Julida" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moreleti">Ommatoiulus moreleti</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lucas, 1860).
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. moreleti" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="moreleti">O. moreleti</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also the most common millipede elsewhere on the Yorke Peninsula in both partly natural and entirely agricultural habitats. If
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. moreleti" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="moreleti">O. moreleti</taxonomicName>
|
||
has displaced native millipedes in Innes National Park, it may displace
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. warrenbenensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">T. warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. in future in Warrenben CP, which is linked to Innes NP by several large blocks of privately owned bushland. During my 2016 and 2017 visits I saw no
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. moreleti" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="moreleti">O. moreleti</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Warrenben CP.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="103">
|
||
Figure 5. Gonopods of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Tridactylogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tridactylogonus" order="Polydesmida" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tridactylogonus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. A
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. obscurus" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="obscurus">T. obscurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype (after
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Zooelogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="121 - 132" title="Millipedes from Australia, 1: Antichiropodini from South Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/549212" volume="8" year="1982">Jeekel 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) B, D
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rugosissimus" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="rugosissimus">T. rugosissimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype (after
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jeekel, CAW" journalOrPublisher="Myriapod Memoranda" pageId="7" pageNumber="104" pagination="60 - 77" title="Millipedes from Australia, 14: A third contribution to the South Australian Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida)." volume="5" year="2002">Jeekel 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) C, E
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. warrenbenensis" pageId="6" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="warrenbenensis">T. warrenbenensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. paratype (ex SAM OM2185-OM2194)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||
medial views of right gonopod D, E anterior and anterior and slightly medial views, respectively D originally of left gonopod telopodite, here right-left reversed for comparison with right gonopod in E. Dashed line in C and E marks the prostatic groove. Drawings not to scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |