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<document id="A3446CBC44AFBBD394C94F22A15E295E" ID-CLB-Dataset="26164" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="812e0570-38c6-4f6e-840c-7d52d87a8c12" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-PMC="PMC6910866" ID-PubMed="31712455" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3342161" ID-ZooBank="B1690E30-EC81-46D3-881D-97648DDC7745" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563526566144" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias &amp; Ávila, Sérgio P." docDate="2019" docId="4148D212043AFFBFFF33F8E577411174" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4639.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4639 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Echinus melo Lamarck 1816" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="108" masterDocId="BD71AA6A0450FFD3FFA4FFCD76121037" masterDocTitle="The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)" masterLastPageNumber="231" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="107" updateTime="1698685128211" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="52F492FC7B838355C87656D50D101D0F">The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F8BD9C322FB3EEC8E155489041146E1">Kroh, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="352EE2A93B91794E92F31166528F812A">Cordeiro, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2F9F7F70846047F82D4299FB4B3577AF">De, António M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7F9DF8F134356AF2052FAFA5B912B19C">Martins, Frias</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="0EE11887043AFFB9FF33F8E577E01775" ID-CoL="38LJ5" ID-ENA="1419495" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[151,498,1832,1859]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinidae" genus="Echinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="melo">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043AFFB9FF33F8E577E01775" bold="true" box="[151,498,1832,1859]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043AFFB9FF33F8E577251774" bold="true" box="[151,311,1832,1859]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Echinus melo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043AFFB9FE9AF8E477E01775" author="Lamarck" box="[318,498,1832,1859]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref186715" refString="Lamarck, J. - B. (1816) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Tome Second. Verdiere, Paris, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="51DA7F81043AFFB9FF04F88176E31750" box="[160,241,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="107.[151,250,1335,1360]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,584,1316]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[151,1436,584,1316]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURE 24. Echinus melo Lamarck, 1816 (EMEPC–LUSO L09D17B1:A–D).Aboral view (A); lateral view (B); oral view (C); animal in situ (D); echinoid most possibly belonging to E. melo in situ in Azorean deep waters (EMEPC–LUSO, 38°47'50&quot;N, 27°28'57W&quot;, 455 m: E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342209/files/figure.png" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E6304043AFFB9FF33F85C7781179E" blockId="106.[151,1436,1936,2023]" box="[151,403,1936,1961]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<heading id="9216D468043AFFB9FF33F85C7781179E" bold="true" box="[151,403,1936,1961]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" reason="2">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043AFFB9FF33F85C7781179E" bold="true" box="[151,403,1936,1961]" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
Reports for the
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:
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<paragraph id="C95E6304043AFFB8FF33F862747C10F8" blockId="106.[151,1436,1936,2023]" lastBlockId="107.[151,1436,152,238]" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887043AFFB9FF33F86277AE17FF" ID-CoL="38LJ5" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[151,444,1967,1992]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinidae" genus="Echinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="melo">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043AFFB9FF33F862770D17F0" box="[151,287,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">Echinus melo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043AFFB9FE81F86277AE17FF" author="Lamarck" box="[293,444,1967,1992]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref186715" refString="Lamarck, J. - B. (1816) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Tome Second. Verdiere, Paris, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
—
<superScript id="3E94CE4C043AFFB9FE73F86077CC178C" attach="right" box="[471,478,1965,1979]" fontSize="6" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">$</superScript>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043AFFB9FE7AF862748C17F0" author="Koehler" box="[478,670,1967,1992]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909: 232</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043AFFB9FD03F86275B617F0" author="Koehler" box="[679,932,1967,1992]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref186029" refString="Koehler, R. (1921 b) Echinodermes. Faune de France. 1. Librairie de la Faculte des Sciences, Paris, 216 pp." type="book" year="1921" yearSuffix="b">Koehler 1921b: 118–119</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 79;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043AFFB9FC5FF86272CA17FF" author="Nobre" box="[1019,1240,1967,1992]" firstAuthor="Nobre" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref194119" refString="Nobre, A. (1938) Equinodermes de Portugal. 3 rd Edition. Companhia Editora do Minho, Barcelos, 215 pp." type="book" year="1938">Nobre 1938: 115–116</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 52;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043AFFB9FA94F87D774717D1" author="Mortensen" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref193059" refString="Mortensen, T. (1943 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. III. 3. Camarodonta. II. Echinidae, Strongylocentrotidae, Parasaleniidae, Echinometridae. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 446 pp." type="book" year="1943" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1943a: 53–57</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 9, figs. 2, pl. 13, figs. 2, pl. 17, fig. 1;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043AFFB9FCAEF80275AA17D1" author="Harvey" box="[778,952,1997,2023]" firstAuthor="Harvey" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref183538" refString="Harvey, E. B. (1956) The American Arbacia and other sea urchins. Princeton University Press. Princeton, viii + 298. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 7234" type="book" year="1956">Harvey 1956: 64</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043AFFB9FC67F80272D817D1" author="Tortonese" box="[963,1226,1997,2022]" firstAuthor="Tortonese" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" refId="ref202694" refString="Tortonese, E. (1965) Fauna D'Italia-Echinodermata. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 422 pp." type="book" year="1965">Tortonese 1965: 332–333</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 157B;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043AFFB8FAE7F80277231086" author="Marques, V. M." firstAuthor="Marques" lastPageId="107" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="106" pageNumber="107" pagination="95 - 107" refId="ref189654" refString="Marques, V. M. (1980) Echinodermes recueillis pedant la mission &quot; Hesperides 76 &quot; du N / O Jean Charcot. Arquivo do Museu Bocage, 2 ª Serie, 7 (7), 95 - 107." type="journal article" year="1980">Marques 1980: 105</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FE98FF5577E61086" author="Pereira" box="[316,500,152,177]" firstAuthor="Pereira" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="331 - 337" refId="ref195814" refString="Pereira, M. (1997) Checklist of the littoral echinoderms of the Azores. Acoreana, 8 (3), 331 - 337." type="journal article" year="1997">Pereira 1997: 334</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FE5BFF55750A1086" author="Garcia-Diez" box="[511,792,152,177]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Garcia-Diez" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="35 - 59" refId="ref181624" refString="Garcia-Diez, C., Porteiro, F. M., Meirinho, A., Cardigos, F. &amp; Tempera, F. (2005) Taxonomic review of selected invertebrate groups collected during the Campaigns of the Prince Albert I of Monaco in the Azorean waters. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences, 22 A, 35 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">
García-Diez
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FD25FF5474BC1086" box="[641,686,153,177]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al</emphasis>
. 2005: 50
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FC87FF5575F91086" author="Mironov" box="[803,1003,152,177]" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="96 - 133" refId="ref191675" refString="Mironov, A. N. (2006) Echinoids from seamounts of the north-eastern Atlantic, onshore / offshore gradients in species distribution. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. &amp; Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Scientific Press, Russian Academy of Sciences, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, pp. 96 - 133." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mironov 2006: 110</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FC52FF5572A31086" author="Schultz" box="[1014,1201,152,177]" firstAuthor="Schultz" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref199860" refString="Schultz, H. (2006) Sea Urchins - a guide to worldwide shallow-water species. 3 rd Edition. Heinke &amp; Peter Schultz Partner Scientific Publications, 484 pp." type="book" year="2006">Schultz 2006: 190</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 252–253;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FAF2FF55779810F8" author="Micael &amp; Costa" firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="321 - 323" refId="ref190649" refString="Micael, J. &amp; Costa A. C. (2010) Echinodermata. In: Borges, P. A. V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Goncalves, V., Martins, A. F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R. S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. &amp; Vieira, V. (Eds.), A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Principia, Oeiras, pp. 321 - 323." type="book chapter" year="2010">
Micael &amp;
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE6043BFFB8FF45FF7A770910F8" box="[225,283,183,207]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Costa</collectingRegion>
2010: 323
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FE31FF7A747B10F8" author="Micael" box="[405,617,183,208]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="49" refId="ref190819" refString="Micael, J., Alves, M. J., Jones, M. B. &amp; Costa, A. C. (2012) Diversity of shallow-water asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Azorean Archipelago. Marine Biodiversity Records, 5, e 49. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267211000534" type="journal article" year="2012">
Micael
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FE45FF75741C10F8" box="[481,526,183,207]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al</emphasis>
. 2012: 4
</bibRefCitation>
;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E6304043BFFB8FF33FF1B74CD10D9" blockId="107.[151,1436,152,238]" box="[151,735,212,238]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
p.p.
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887043BFFB8FF60FF1B774F10D9" ID-CoL="38LF4" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[196,349,214,238]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinidae" genus="Echinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="acutus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF60FF1B774F10D9" box="[196,349,214,238]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Echinus acutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FEDAFF18749B10D9" author="Wisshak" box="[382,649,213,238]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wisshak" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="2379 - 2396" refId="ref204862" refString="Wisshak, M., Form, A., Jakobsen, J. &amp; Freiwald, A. (2010) Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores). Biogeosciences, 7, 2379 - 2396. https: // doi. org / 10.5194 / bg- 7 - 2379 - 2010" type="journal article" year="2010">
Wisshak
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FE7FFF1A741A10D9" box="[475,520,214,238]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">et al</emphasis>
. 2010: 2382
</bibRefCitation>
, fig.
<specimenCount id="DFE7A88D043BFFB8FD18FF1B74CD10D9" box="[700,735,214,238]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="generic">2L.</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E6304043BFFB8FF33FED175DB1100" blockId="107.[151,1436,284,563]" box="[151,969,284,311]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF33FED176DB1100" bold="true" box="[151,201,284,311]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">See:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FF74FED077BB1100" author="Mortensen" box="[208,425,285,311]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref193059" refString="Mortensen, T. (1943 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. III. 3. Camarodonta. II. Echinidae, Strongylocentrotidae, Parasaleniidae, Echinometridae. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 446 pp." type="book" year="1943" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen (1943a)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FE11FED174791100" author="Mironov" box="[437,619,284,311]" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="96 - 133" refId="ref191675" refString="Mironov, A. N. (2006) Echinoids from seamounts of the north-eastern Atlantic, onshore / offshore gradients in species distribution. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. &amp; Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Scientific Press, Russian Academy of Sciences, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, pp. 96 - 133." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mironov (2006)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FDD3FED175321100" author="Schultz" box="[631,800,284,311]" firstAuthor="Schultz" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref199860" refString="Schultz, H. (2006) Sea Urchins - a guide to worldwide shallow-water species. 3 rd Edition. Heinke &amp; Peter Schultz Partner Scientific Publications, 484 pp." type="book" year="2006">Schultz (2006)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FC8FFED175D71100" author="Minin" box="[811,965,284,311]" firstAuthor="Minin" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="927 - 935" refId="ref191584" refString="Minin, K. V. (2012) Vertical trends in morphological variability of sea urchins of the genus Echinus from the Northeast Atlantic and Arctic. Paleontological Journal, 46 (8), 927 - 935. https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / S 0031030112080096" type="journal article" year="2012">Minin (2012)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81FB308F043BFFB8FF63FE8D727411F0" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C95E6304043BFFB8FF63FE8D728B1194" blockId="107.[151,1436,284,563]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF63FE8D774E116C" bold="true" box="[199,348,320,347]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Occurrence:</emphasis>
Mediterranean Sea and northeast Atlantic, from the British Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FBD9FE8C7355116C" author="Mortensen" box="[1149,1351,321,347]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref192564" refString="Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841" type="book" year="1927" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1927a</bibRefCitation>
) to the northwest African coasts (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FE64FEA8746F1148" author="Mortensen" box="[448,637,356,383]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="178 - 187" refId="ref192529" refString="Mortensen, T. (1925) Echinodermes du Maroc et De Mauritanie. Bulletin de la Societe des sciences naturelles du Maroc, 5 (4 - 5), 178 - 187." type="journal article" year="1925">Mortensen 1925</bibRefCitation>
), including the Azores (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FC2BFEA9723D1148" author="Koehler" box="[911,1071,356,383]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
), Canary and
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394043BFFB8FB6BFEA873401149" box="[1231,1362,356,383]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
archipelagos (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FF5FFE4577841194" author="Agassiz" box="[251,406,392,419]" firstAuthor="Agassiz" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 762" refId="ref170857" refString="Agassiz, A. (1872 - 1874) Revision of the Echini. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zo ˆ logy at Harvard College, 7 (1 - 4), 1 - 762." type="journal article" year="1872">Agassiz 1872</bibRefCitation>
) and the Josephine, Ampere and Meteor seamounts (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FC42FE45729C1194" author="Mironov" box="[998,1166,392,419]" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="96 - 133" refId="ref191675" refString="Mironov, A. N. (2006) Echinoids from seamounts of the north-eastern Atlantic, onshore / offshore gradients in species distribution. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. &amp; Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Scientific Press, Russian Academy of Sciences, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, pp. 96 - 133." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mironov 2006</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C95E6304043BFFB8FF63FE60727411F0" blockId="107.[151,1436,284,563]" box="[199,1126,428,455]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF63FE60770811F0" bold="true" box="[199,282,429,455]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Depth:</emphasis>
25–
<quantity id="0E19CEE1043BFFB8FEEFFE6177B511F0" box="[331,423,428,455]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="m" value="1.1">1,100 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FE11FE60746C11F0" author="Mortensen" box="[437,638,429,455]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref193059" refString="Mortensen, T. (1943 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. III. 3. Camarodonta. II. Echinidae, Strongylocentrotidae, Parasaleniidae, Echinometridae. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 446 pp." type="book" year="1943" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1943a</bibRefCitation>
); AZO:
<quantity id="0E19CEE1043BFFB8FD7DFE61754A11F0" box="[729,856,428,455]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.375" metricValueMax="4.75" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="m" value="337.5" valueMax="475.0" valueMin="200.0">200–475 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FCC2FE61721611F0" author="Koehler" box="[870,1028,428,455]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
, herein).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81FB308F043BFFB8FF63FE1D75A911DC" box="[199,955,464,491]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="C95E6304043BFFB8FF63FE1D75A911DC" blockId="107.[151,1436,284,563]" box="[199,955,464,491]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF63FE1D773E11DC" bold="true" box="[199,300,464,491]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Habitat:</emphasis>
muddy bottoms to hard substrates (
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FD18FE1D754811DC" author="Koehler" box="[700,858,464,491]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FCC1FE1D75BD11DC" author="Koehler" box="[869,943,464,491]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref186029" refString="Koehler, R. (1921 b) Echinodermes. Faune de France. 1. Librairie de la Faculte des Sciences, Paris, 216 pp." type="book" year="1921" yearSuffix="b">1921b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81FB308F043BFFB8FF63FE3977611204" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C95E6304043BFFB8FF63FE3977611204" blockId="107.[151,1436,284,563]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF63FE3977A61238" bold="true" box="[199,436,500,527]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Material examined:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1043BFFB8FE18FE38740B1238" box="[444,537,501,527]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">EMEPC</collectionCode>
L09D17B1 (E of TER,
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1043BFFB8FC88FE38757A1238" box="[812,872,501,527]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">AZO</collectionCode>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3043BFFB8FCD1FE3972121238" box="[885,1024,500,527]" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" precision="15" seconds="52" value="38.664448">38°39’52”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3043BFFB8FBA9FE39728E1238" box="[1037,1180,500,527]" degrees="26" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-26.856112">26°51’22”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="BD5F45C4043BFFB8FB0DFE3873381238" box="[1193,1322,501,527]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" value="2009-09-30">
2009.09.
<quantity id="0E19CEE1043BFFB8FAA8FE3873381238" box="[1292,1322,501,527]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0475" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="m" value="30.475">30</quantity>
</date>
, 475 m; 1 spm, D =
<quantity id="0E19CEE1043BFFB8FEA2FDD577751204" box="[262,359,536,563]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="185.0">185 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="9D9E338C043BFFB8FF33FAFA779F15AF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342209/files/figure.png" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" startId="107.[151,250,1335,1360]" targetBox="[151,1436,584,1316]" targetPageId="107">
<paragraph id="C95E6304043BFFB8FF33FAFA779F15AF" blockId="107.[151,1437,1335,1432]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF33FAFA770C1567" bold="true" box="[151,286,1335,1360]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">FIGURE 24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887043BFFB8FE87FAF574551567" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[291,583,1335,1360]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinidae" genus="Echinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="melo">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FE87FAF577B81567" box="[291,426,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Echinus melo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FE0BFAFA74551567" author="Lamarck" box="[431,583,1335,1360]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" refId="ref186715" refString="Lamarck, J. - B. (1816) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Tome Second. Verdiere, Paris, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(EMEPC–LUSO L09D17B1:A–D). Aboral view (A); lateral view (B); oral view (C); animal
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF47FA9177311544" box="[227,291,1372,1395]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">in situ</emphasis>
(D); echinoid most possibly belonging to
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887043BFFB8FD77FA9075331543" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[723,801,1372,1396]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinidae" genus="Echinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="melo">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FD77FA9074F01543" box="[723,738,1373,1396]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">E</emphasis>
. melo
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FC8CFA91757A1544" box="[808,872,1372,1395]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">in situ</emphasis>
in Azorean deep waters (EMEPC–LUSO, 38°47'50&quot;N, 27°28'57W&quot;, 455 m: E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="81FB308F043BFFB8FF63FA087544175B" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="description">
<paragraph id="C95E6304043BFFB8FF63FA087544175B" blockId="107.[151,1437,1477,2045]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF63FA08774915D7" bold="true" box="[199,347,1477,1504]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Description:</emphasis>
test globular, slightly pentagonal with a height about of 75%D; Apical disc dicyclic, about 12%D. Periproctal plates with none to two spines. Madreporite enlarged. Gonopores open. Ambulacra about half the width of the interambulacra; in general, every ambulacral plate and every second interambulacral plate aborally bearing a primary tubercle; ambulacral plating trigeminate with pore-pairs in arcs of three at a distance from the edge of ambulacra. Peristome slightly larger than the apical disc (17%D). Primary spines short (10%D) and slender; on the oral side primary spines somewhat flattened with blunt tip; each peristomal plate with a small spine. Valves of globiferous pedicellaria with one short lateral tooth on each side below the end tooth; basal part with round angles and as long as the blade. Large form of tridentate pedicellariae (up to
<quantity id="0E19CEE1043BFFB8FC26F90F75D716EA" box="[898,965,1730,1757]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
) with straight, narrow valves (edges with numerous small serrations). Small form with slender, slightly curved valves. Valves of ophicephalous pedicellariae constricted in the middle and with round edges armed with minute teeth. Colour: test cream white; pore areas brown; primary spines white to green with white tips; secondary spines white; madreporite ochre. For some unknown reason the preserved specimen became tinged by a light pink hue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81FB308F043BFFBFFF63F8BB77411174" lastPageId="108" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C95E6304043BFFBFFF63F8BB77411174" blockId="107.[151,1437,1477,2045]" lastBlockId="108.[151,1437,152,323]" lastPageId="108" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF63F8BB772F17A7" bold="true" box="[199,317,1910,1936]" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Remarks:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887043BFFB8FEECF8BB77F117A7" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[328,483,1910,1936]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinidae" genus="Echinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="melo">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FEECF8BB77F117A7" box="[328,483,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Echinus melo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily identified from other echinid species (except
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887043BFFB8FB05F8BB738117A7" authorityName="? (Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[1185,1427,1910,1936]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinidae" genus="Gracilechinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="acutus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FB05F8BB738117A7" box="[1185,1427,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Gracilechinus acutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) known to occur in the Azores by its spherical large test reaching a maximum diameter of
<quantity id="0E19CEE1043BFFB8FB20F85772F31782" box="[1156,1249,1946,1973]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="170.0">170 mm</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FB54F85773871782" author="Mironov" box="[1264,1429,1946,1973]" firstAuthor="Mironov" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="96 - 133" refId="ref191675" refString="Mironov, A. N. (2006) Echinoids from seamounts of the north-eastern Atlantic, onshore / offshore gradients in species distribution. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. &amp; Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Scientific Press, Russian Academy of Sciences, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, pp. 96 - 133." type="book chapter" year="2006">Mironov 2006</bibRefCitation>
) to
<quantity id="0E19CEE1043BFFB8FF17F870770117EE" box="[179,275,1981,2009]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="185.0">185 mm</quantity>
. Another easy recognizable character is the large distance between the pore zone and the adradial suture.
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887043BFFB8FF33F82F772217CB" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[151,304,2018,2044]" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinidae" genus="Echinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="melo">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043BFFB8FF33F82F772217CB" box="[151,304,2018,2044]" italics="true" pageId="107" pageNumber="108">Echinus melo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was previously documented for the Azores by a single small specimen reported by
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5043BFFB8FB4BF82F738E17CB" author="Koehler" box="[1263,1436,2018,2044]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="107" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler (1909)</bibRefCitation>
based on the material collected in the Princesse Alice Bank (
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043CFFBFFCEBFF5775EC1084" box="[847,1022,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Princesse Alice</emphasis>
, sta 899:
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3043CFFBFFBCBFF5572E91084" box="[1135,1275,152,179]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" precision="15" seconds="00" value="37.95">37°57’00”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3043CFFBFFAACFF5573851084" box="[1288,1431,152,179]" degrees="29" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" precision="15" seconds="45" value="-29.245834">29°14’45”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0E19CEE1043CFFBFFF33FF7076F110E0" box="[151,227,189,215]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
). The new record further substantiates the presence of this species in the Azorean deep waters. Also, during EMEPC cruise (2009) in the Azores, an animal believed to belong to this species was captured on video east of Terceira
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394043CFFBFFF5DFEC8772F1128" box="[249,317,261,287]" name="Iceland" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Island</collectingCountry>
at similar depths (
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3043CFFBFFDA9FEC974871128" box="[525,661,260,287]" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" precision="15" seconds="50" value="38.797222">38°47'50&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3043CFFBFFD04FEC975391128" box="[672,811,260,287]" degrees="27" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-27.4825">27°28'57&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0E19CEE1043CFFBFFC92FEC9756D1128" box="[822,895,260,287]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="455.0">455 m</quantity>
,
<figureCitation id="51DA7F81043CFFBFFC2FFEC875FD1128" box="[907,1007,261,287]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="107.[151,250,1335,1360]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,584,1316]" captionTargetId="figure@107.[151,1436,584,1316]" captionTargetPageId="107" captionText="FIGURE 24. Echinus melo Lamarck, 1816 (EMEPC–LUSO L09D17B1:A–D).Aboral view (A); lateral view (B); oral view (C); animal in situ (D); echinoid most possibly belonging to E. melo in situ in Azorean deep waters (EMEPC–LUSO, 38°47'50&quot;N, 27°28'57W&quot;, 455 m: E)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342209/files/figure.png" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Fig. 24E</figureCitation>
). See also remarks below under
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887043CFFBFFAFDFEC8775E1174" authorityName="? (Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" class="Echinoidea" family="Echinidae" genus="Gracilechinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="acutus">
<emphasis id="FB95BF16043CFFBFFAFDFEC8775E1174" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Gracilechinus acutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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