738 lines
93 KiB
XML
738 lines
93 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5B8299F44216B5BC697AA57D8164D351">The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean)</mods:title>
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<heading id="9216D468040CFF8FFF33FEBD746611BC" bold="true" box="[151,628,368,395]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040CFF8FFF33FEBD746611BC" ID-CoL="49VRD" ID-ENA="232926" authority="(Lamarck, 1816)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[151,628,368,395]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF33FEBD746611BC" bold="true" box="[151,628,368,395]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF33FEBD77B511BC" bold="true" box="[151,423,368,395]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ophidiaster ophidianus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE13FEBC747E11BC" author="Lamarck" box="[439,620,368,395]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref186715" refString="Lamarck, J. - B. (1816) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Tome Second. Verdiere, Paris, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="81FB308F040CFF8FFF33FE5874A81227" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF33FE5876E81198" blockId="92.[151,628,368,431]" box="[151,250,405,431]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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(
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<figureCitation id="51DA7F81040CFF8FFF04FE5876E31198" box="[160,241,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="93.[151,250,1510,1535]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,705,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@93.[151,1436,705,1491]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURE 19. Ophidiaster ophidianus (Lamarck, 1816) (DBUA-ECH 081: A–D; DBUA-ECH 409: E). Dorsal view (A); ventral view (B); detail of the arm and disc, dorsal view (C), ventral view (D); molted colour pattern (E); animal in situ (Pico Island, Azores, ca. 38°23'22"N, 28°15'04"W, 2010.08.20, 1 m: F)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342199/files/figure.png" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF33FE14778111C6" blockId="92.[151,1437,472,804]" box="[151,403,472,497]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<heading id="9216D468040CFF8FFF33FE14778111C6" bold="true" box="[151,403,472,497]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF33FE14778111C6" bold="true" box="[151,403,472,497]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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Reports for the
|
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<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE6040CFF8FFEE4FE15779C11C6" box="[320,398,472,497]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Azores</collectingRegion>
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:
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF33FE3574A81227" blockId="92.[151,1437,472,804]" box="[151,698,502,528]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040CFF8FFF33FE35775D1227" box="[151,335,504,528]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loevigata">
|
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF33FE35775D1227" box="[151,335,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Asterias loevigata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Lamarck—?
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<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFE70FE3B77C91233" attach="right" box="[468,475,502,516]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE7FFE3574911227" author="Drouet" box="[475,643,503,528]" firstAuthor="Drouet" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref179582" refString="Drouet, H. (1861) Element de la Faune acoreenne. J. B. Bailliere & Fils, Lubaires de L'Academie de Medicine, Paris, 245 pp." type="book" year="1861">Drouët 1861: 93</bibRefCitation>
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, 211;
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="81FB308F040CFF8FFF33FDDB74011313" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF33FDDB74FF1218" blockId="92.[151,1437,472,804]" box="[151,749,532,559]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040CFF8FFF33FDDB74081218" ID-CoL="49VRD" authority="Agassiz, 1836" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,538,534,559]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF33FDDB779A1219" box="[151,392,534,558]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ophidiaster ophidianus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE28FDDB74081218" author="Agassiz" box="[396,538,534,559]" firstAuthor="Agassiz" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="168 - 199" refId="ref171122" refString="Agassiz, L. (1836) Prodrome d'une Monographie des Radiaires ou Echinodermes. Memoires de la Societe des Sciences naturelles de Neuchatel, 1, 168 - 199." type="journal article" year="1836">Agassiz, 1836</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFD91FDD9742E1215" attach="right" box="[565,572,532,546]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFD98FDDB74FB1218" author="Barrois" box="[572,745,534,559]" firstAuthor="Barrois" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="31 - 33" refId="ref173365" refString="Barrois, T. (1888) Liste des Echinodermes recueillis aux Acores durant les mois d'Ao r t et September 1887. Revue Biologique du Nord de la France, 1, 31 - 33 + 69 - 75 + 109 - 115." type="journal article" year="1888">Barrois 1888: 71</bibRefCitation>
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;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF33FDF87436127A" blockId="92.[151,1437,472,804]" box="[151,548,563,589]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040CFF8FFF33FDF87702127A" ID-CoL="7PNCK" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,272,565,589]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF33FDF87702127A" box="[151,272,565,589]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ophidiaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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sp.—?
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<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFEFCFDFE774D1276" attach="right" box="[344,351,563,577]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFEFBFDF97432127A" author="Simroth" box="[351,544,564,589]" firstAuthor="Simroth" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref200446" refString="Simroth, H. (1888) Zur kenntnis der Azorenfauna. Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 54 (1), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1888">Simroth 1888: 231</bibRefCitation>
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;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF33FD9974011313" blockId="92.[151,1437,472,804]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040CFF8FFF33FD997423125B" ID-CoL="49VRD" authority="(Lamarck, 1816)" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[151,561,595,620]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
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<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF33FD997794125B" box="[151,390,596,620]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ophidiaster ophidianus</emphasis>
|
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE35FD9E7438125B" author="Lamarck" box="[401,554,595,620]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref186715" refString="Lamarck, J. - B. (1816) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Tome Second. Verdiere, Paris, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
|
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—
|
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<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFDE9FD9F74461257" attach="right" box="[589,596,594,608]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFDF0FD9E7517125B" author="Sladen" box="[596,773,595,620]" firstAuthor="Sladen" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref200640" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Challenger series of reports, Zoology, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889: 403</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFCAAFD9F75071257" attach="right" box="[782,789,594,608]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFCB1FD9E75D4125B" author="Perrier" box="[789,966,595,620]" firstAuthor="Perrier" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref197270" refString="Perrier, M. E. (1894) Stellerides. Expeditions Scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman. Masson, Paris, 431 pp." type="book" year="1894">Perrier 1894: 330</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFC6BFD9E7227125B" author="Perrier" box="[975,1077,595,620]" firstAuthor="Perrier" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 571" refId="ref197296" refString="Perrier, M. E. (1896 a) Contribution a l'etude des stellerides de l'Atlantique Nord (Golfe de Gascogne, Acores, Terre-Neuve). Resultats Des Campagnes Scientifiques Accomplies Par Le Prince Albert I, Monaco, 11, 1 - 571." type="journal article" year="1896" yearSuffix="a">1896a: 44</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFB9AFD9F72571257" attach="right" box="[1086,1093,594,608]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFBE1FD9E72E4125B" author="Koehler" box="[1093,1270,595,620]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref185837" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1909">Koehler 1909: 92</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFB5BFD9E76FD12BC" author="Koehler" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="127 - 303" refId="ref185931" refString="Koehler, R. (1914 b) Echinoderma I: Asteroidea, ophiuroidea et Echnoidea. In: Michaelsen, W. (Ed.), Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas. 1 (2). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, pp. 127 - 303." type="book chapter" year="1914" yearSuffix="b">Koehler 1914b: 274</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFF5FFDBE778512BC" author="Koehler" box="[251,407,626,651]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref186123" refString="Koehler, R. (1924) Les echinodermes des mers d'Europe. Encyclopedie Scientifique. Tome I. Libraire Octave Doin, Paris, XIII + 361 pp." type="book" year="1924">1924: 163–164</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE7CFDBF746D12BC" author="Clark" box="[472,639,626,651]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref177238" refString="Clark, H. L. (1921 a) The echinoderm fauna of Torres Strait: its composition and its origin. Vol. 10. Department of Marine Biology of the Carnegie Institute, Washington, D. C., vi + 223 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14613" type="book" year="1921" yearSuffix="a">Clark 1921a: 79</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFD2FFDBF753C12BC" author="Nobre" box="[651,814,626,651]" firstAuthor="Nobre" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="41 - 90" refId="ref194060" refString="Nobre, A. (1924) Contribuicies para a Fauna dos Acores. Anais do Instituto de Zoologia da Universidade do Porto, 1, 41 - 90." type="journal article" year="1924">Nobre 1924: 89</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFC9DFDBD75521249" attach="right" box="[825,832,624,638]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFCE5FDBF721812BC" author="Nobre" box="[833,1034,626,651]" firstAuthor="Nobre" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref194090" refString="Nobre, A. (1930) Materiais para o estudo da fauna dos Acores. Instituto de Zoologia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, 108 pp." type="book" year="1930">Nobre 1930: 68–69</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFBB1FDBE726012BC" author="Nobre" box="[1045,1138,626,651]" firstAuthor="Nobre" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref194119" refString="Nobre, A. (1938) Equinodermes de Portugal. 3 rd Edition. Companhia Editora do Minho, Barcelos, 215 pp." type="book" year="1938">1938: 46</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 20;
|
||
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|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFB71FDBF738A12BC" author="Cadenat" box="[1237,1432,626,651]" firstAuthor="Cadenat" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="349 - 375" refId="ref175179" refString="Cadenat, J. (1938) Liste des echinodermes recueillis pendant la cinquieme croisiere du navire de recherches President-Theodore- Tissier. Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Peches Maritimes, 11, 349 - 375." type="journal article" year="1938">Cadenat 1938: 351</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 373;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFF5FFD5D77AE129E" author="Madsen" box="[251,444,656,681]" firstAuthor="Madsen" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="167 - 222" refId="ref189080" refString="Madsen, F. J. (1950) The echinoderms collected by the Atlantide Expedition, 1945 - 46. 1. Asteroidea. Atlantide Reports, 1, 167 - 222." type="journal article" year="1950">Madsen 1950: 219</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFE63FD4277DC12AA" attach="right" box="[455,462,655,669]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE6AFD5F74C6129E" author="Tortonese" box="[462,724,656,681]" firstAuthor="Tortonese" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref202694" refString="Tortonese, E. (1965) Fauna D'Italia-Echinodermata. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 422 pp." type="book" year="1965">Tortonese 1965: 160–164</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 75–77;
|
||
<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFCFBFD42757412AA" attach="right" box="[863,870,655,669]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFCC2FD5F720A129E" author="Pawson" box="[870,1048,657,681]" firstAuthor="Pawson" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref195146" refString="Pawson, D. L. (1978) The Echinoderm Fauna of Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 2, 1 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 01960768.2.1" type="journal article" year="1978">Pawson 1978: 10</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 3;
|
||
<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFBC3FD42727C12AA" attach="right" box="[1127,1134,655,669]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFBCAFD5F730F129E" author="Marques" box="[1134,1309,657,681]" firstAuthor="Marques" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref189697" refString="Marques, V. M. (1983) Peuplements benthiques de Acores, 1 - echinoderms. Arquivo do Museu Bocage, AII (I), 1 - 7." type="book chapter" year="1983">Marques 1983: 2</bibRefCitation>
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||
; A.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFAC0FD5D77CA12FF" author="Clark & Downey" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref176986" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Natural History Museum Publications. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992: 281–282</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 44e, f, pl. 69, fig. F;
|
||
<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFD47FD6374F8128B" attach="right" box="[739,746,686,700]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFD4FFD62721712FF" author="Wirtz & Vader" box="[747,1029,687,712]" firstAuthor="Wirtz" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="17 - 22" refId="ref204649" refString="Wirtz, P. & Vader, W. (1996) A new caprellid-starfish association: Caprella acanthifera S. L. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) on Ophidiaster ophidianus and Hacelia attenuata from the Azores. Arquipelago, Life and Marine Sciences, 14, 17 - 22." type="journal article" year="1996">Wirtz & Vader 1996: 17–22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFBB4FD6272D512FF" author="Pereira" box="[1040,1223,687,712]" firstAuthor="Pereira" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="331 - 337" refId="ref195814" refString="Pereira, M. (1997) Checklist of the littoral echinoderms of the Azores. Acoreana, 8 (3), 331 - 337." type="journal article" year="1997">Pereira 1997: 335</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFB75FD6372CA128B" attach="right" box="[1233,1240,686,700]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFB7CFD7D76F012D0" author="Morton" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Morton" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref193344" refString="Morton, B., Britton, J. C. & Martins, A. F. M. (1998) Ecologia costeira dos Acores. Sociedade Afonso Chaves, Ponta Delgada, 249 pp." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Morton
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFA8EFD7C734412FF" box="[1322,1366,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1998: 63
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 2.5Y, 3.4Z, 3.5T, 5.2L,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFDAEFD02742D12D0" box="[522,575,719,743]" degrees="8.1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="5555" value="8.1">8.1N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFDEDFD03758312D0" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[585,913,718,743]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="43 - 62" refId="ref196107" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Entrambasaguas, L. & Bacallado, J. J. (1999) Fauna de equinodermos (Echinodermata) de los fondos rocosos infralitorales del archipielago de Cabo Verde. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 11 (3 - 4), 43 - 62." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Pérez-Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFD73FD02751112D1" box="[727,771,718,742]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999: 47–48
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFC3FFD02721112D0" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[923,1027,719,743]" firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="277 - 296" refId="ref196162" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Entrambasaguas, L., Espejo, C., Marcos, C. & Bacallado, J. J. (2002) Fauna de equinodermos (Echinodermata) de los fondos rocosos infralitorales del archipielago de Salvajes (Oceano Atlantico). Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 14 (3 - 4), 277 - 296." type="journal article" year="2002">2002:280</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFBA9FD01720612ED" attach="right" box="[1037,1044,716,730]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFBB0FD03730512D0" author="Cardigos" box="[1044,1303,718,743]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cardigos" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="153 - 168" refId="ref175216" refString="Cardigos, F., Colaco, A., Dando, P. R., Avila, S. P., Sarradin, P. - M., Tempera, F., Conceic " o, P., Pascoal, A. & Santos, R. S. (2005) Shallow-water hydrothermal vent field fluids and communities of the D. Jo " o de Castro Seamount (Azores). Chemical Geology, 224, 153 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. chemgeo. 2005.07.019" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Cardigos
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFBD2FD0272B012D1" box="[1142,1186,718,742]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005: 165
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFA84FD03774E1332" author="Garcia-Diez" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Garcia-Diez" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="35 - 59" refId="ref181624" refString="Garcia-Diez, C., Porteiro, F. M., Meirinho, A., Cardigos, F. & Tempera, F. (2005) Taxonomic review of selected invertebrate groups collected during the Campaigns of the Prince Albert I of Monaco in the Azorean waters. Arquipelago. Life and Marine Sciences, 22 A, 35 - 59." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
García-Diez
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF63FD2376E61332" box="[199,244,749,773]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005: 47
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<superScript id="3E94CE4C040CFF8FFEC3FD26777C12CE" attach="right" box="[359,366,747,761]" fontSize="6" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">$</superScript>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFECAFD2174501332" author="Micael" box="[366,578,748,773]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="307 - 316" refId="ref190514" refString="Micael, J., Azevedo, J. M. N. & Costa, A. C. (2006) Biological characterisation of a subtidal tunnel in S. Miguel island (Azores). Marine, Freshwater, and Wetlands Biodiversity Conservation, 4, 307 - 316. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4020 - 5734 - 2 _ 20" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Micael
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFE1FFD2377FA1332" box="[443,488,749,773]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006: 5
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFDEAFD2074FA1332" author="Micael" box="[590,744,748,773]" firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="205 - 216" refId="ref190954" refString="Micael, J., Rodrigues, A. S., Barreto, M. C., Alves, M. J., Jones, M. B. & Costa, A. C. (2011) Allocation of nutrients during the reproductive cycle of Ophidiaster ophidianus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 55 (4), 205 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00207233.2011.573673" type="journal article" year="2011">2011: 205–216</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 2–7, 2013:
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C4040CFF8FFC3CFD21721E1332" box="[920,1036,748,773]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1087" valueMax="1095">1087–1095</date>
|
||
, 2014: 1–10, figs. 2–3;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFB58FD2177221313" author="Micael & Costa" firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="321 - 323" refId="ref190649" refString="Micael, J. & Costa A. C. (2010) Echinodermata. In: Borges, P. A. V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Goncalves, V., Martins, A. F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R. S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.), A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Principia, Oeiras, pp. 321 - 323." type="book chapter" year="2010">
|
||
Micael &
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE6040CFF8FFAC6FD20738E1332" box="[1378,1436,749,773]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
2010: 322
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE9FFCC6741D1313" author="Micael" box="[315,527,779,804]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="49" refId="ref190819" refString="Micael, J., Alves, M. J., Jones, M. B. & Costa, A. C. (2012) Diversity of shallow-water asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Azorean Archipelago. Marine Biodiversity Records, 5, e 49. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267211000534" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Micael
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFE23FCC077A61313" box="[391,436,780,804]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012: 6
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81FB308F040CFF8FFF33FC9F77AB162E" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF33FC9F7493135B" blockId="92.[151,1437,849,2029]" box="[151,641,849,877]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF33FC9F7729135B" bold="true" box="[151,315,849,876]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<typeStatus id="165ADDA6040CFF8FFF33FC9F76C6135B" box="[151,212,850,876]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Western Mediterranean Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF63FCB8753E13A7" blockId="92.[151,1437,849,2029]" box="[199,812,885,913]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF63FCB876EB13A7" bold="true" box="[199,249,885,912]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">See:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFEA4FCBA77D713A7" author="Tortonese" box="[256,453,885,913]" firstAuthor="Tortonese" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref202694" refString="Tortonese, E. (1965) Fauna D'Italia-Echinodermata. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 422 pp." type="book" year="1965">Tortonese (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; A.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFDB6FCBB753A13A7" author="Clark & Downey" box="[530,808,886,913]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref176986" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Natural History Museum Publications. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF63FC54750A1417" blockId="92.[151,1437,849,2029]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF63FC54774E1383" bold="true" box="[199,348,921,948]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Occurrence:</emphasis>
|
||
Mediterranean Sea and Northeast Atlantic; from the North African coasts (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFB10FC57735D1383" author="Madsen" box="[1204,1359,921,948]" firstAuthor="Madsen" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="167 - 222" refId="ref189080" refString="Madsen, F. J. (1950) The echinoderms collected by the Atlantide Expedition, 1945 - 46. 1. Asteroidea. Atlantide Reports, 1, 167 - 222." type="journal article" year="1950">Madsen 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) south to Rolas islet in S„o Tomé (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE7FFC73749813EE" author="Koehler" box="[475,650,958,985]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="127 - 303" refId="ref185931" refString="Koehler, R. (1914 b) Echinoderma I: Asteroidea, ophiuroidea et Echnoidea. In: Michaelsen, W. (Ed.), Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas. 1 (2). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, pp. 127 - 303." type="book chapter" year="1914" yearSuffix="b">Koehler 1914b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including the archipelagos of the Azores (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFB24FC73733A13EF" author="Marques" box="[1152,1320,958,984]" firstAuthor="Marques" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref189697" refString="Marques, V. M. (1983) Peuplements benthiques de Acores, 1 - echinoderms. Arquivo do Museu Bocage, AII (I), 1 - 7." type="book chapter" year="1983">Marques 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Madeira (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFF3BFC2F772613CB" author="Augier" box="[159,308,993,1020]" firstAuthor="Augier" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="86 - 129" refId="ref173191" refString="Augier, H. (1985) Premier contribution a l'etude et a la cartigraphe des biocenoses marines benthiques de l'ile de Madere. Boletim do Museu Municipal do Funchal (Hist. Nat.), 37 (168), 86 - 129." type="journal article" year="1985">Augier 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Selvagens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE6AFC2F74E113CB" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[462,755,994,1021]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="277 - 296" refId="ref196162" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Entrambasaguas, L., Espejo, C., Marcos, C. & Bacallado, J. J. (2002) Fauna de equinodermos (Echinodermata) de los fondos rocosos infralitorales del archipielago de Salvajes (Oceano Atlantico). Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 14 (3 - 4), 277 - 296." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Pérez-Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFDD6FC2E74B413CB" box="[626,678,994,1020]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Canaries (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFCD9FC2F72B013CB" author="Perez-Ruzafa" box="[893,1186,994,1021]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Perez-Ruzafa" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="112 - 113" refId="ref196230" refString="Perez-Ruzafa, A., Aranega, J. J. B., Garcia, I. A. & Diaz, J. R. D. (2003) Division Echinodermata. In: Moro, L., Martin, J. L., Garrido, M. J. & Izquierdo, I. (Eds.), Lista de especies marinas de Canarias (algas, hongos, plantas y animales). Consejeria de Politica Territorial y Medio Ambiente del Gobierno de Canarias, Tenerife, pp. 112 - 113." type="book chapter" year="2003">
|
||
Pérez-Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFB85FC2E724713CB" box="[1057,1109,994,1020]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394040CFF8FFB1DFC2F735313CB" box="[1209,1345,994,1020]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Pérez- Ruzafa
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF49FBCA770D1417" box="[237,287,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394040CFF8FFE00FBCB74261417" box="[420,564,1030,1056]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Saint Helena</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFDE6FBCB751E1417" author="Mortensen" box="[578,780,1030,1056]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="401 - 473" refId="ref192746" refString="Mortensen, T. (1933 c) The echinoderms of St. Helena (Other than crinoids). Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening, 93, 401 - 473." type="journal article" year="1933" yearSuffix="c">Mortensen 1933c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF63FBE7737C1473" blockId="92.[151,1437,849,2029]" box="[199,1390,1065,1093]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF63FBE777081473" bold="true" box="[199,282,1066,1092]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Depth:</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFE85FBE477961472" box="[289,388,1065,1093]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="m" value="52.5" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="0.0">0–105 m</quantity>
|
||
(A.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFE72FBE774C81473" author="Clark & Downey" box="[470,730,1066,1093]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref176986" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Natural History Museum Publications. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFD4AFBE7753E1473" box="[750,812,1066,1092]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
: 0–165(?823) m (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFC55FBE772931473" author="Sladen" box="[1009,1153,1066,1092]" firstAuthor="Sladen" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref200640" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Challenger series of reports, Zoology, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFB28FBE673731473" author="Morton" box="[1164,1377,1066,1093]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Morton" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref193344" refString="Morton, B., Britton, J. C. & Martins, A. F. M. (1998) Ecologia costeira dos Acores. Sociedade Afonso Chaves, Ponta Delgada, 249 pp." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Morton
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFB43FBE6730A1473" box="[1255,1304,1066,1092]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF63FB80731314BB" blockId="92.[151,1437,849,2029]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF63FB80773E145F" bold="true" box="[199,300,1101,1128]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Habitat:</emphasis>
|
||
rocky and coralligenous habitats (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFD0FFB83754D145F" author="Tortonese" box="[683,863,1101,1128]" firstAuthor="Tortonese" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref202694" refString="Tortonese, E. (1965) Fauna D'Italia-Echinodermata. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 422 pp." type="book" year="1965">Tortonese 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), occasionally found on soft sediments (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFABBFB83770114BB" author="Koukouras" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Koukouras" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="67 - 92" refId="ref186346" refString="Koukouras, A., Sinis, A. I., Bobori, D., Kazantzidis, S. & Kitsos, M. - S. (2007) The echinoderm (Deuterostomia) fauna of the Aegean Sea, and comparison with those of the neighbouring seas. Journal of Biological Research, 7, 67 - 92." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Koukouras
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF33FBBE76DA14BB" box="[151,200,1138,1164]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE6040CFF8FFEE7FBBF778014BB" box="[323,402,1138,1164]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Azores</collectingRegion>
|
||
common among rocks at low-tide and also in rock pools (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFBB9FBBF72E714BB" author="Morton" box="[1053,1269,1138,1165]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Morton" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref193344" refString="Morton, B., Britton, J. C. & Martins, A. F. M. (1998) Ecologia costeira dos Acores. Sociedade Afonso Chaves, Ponta Delgada, 249 pp." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Morton
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFBDEFBBE72B914BB" box="[1146,1195,1138,1164]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF63FB5B74E61487" blockId="92.[151,1437,849,2029]" box="[199,756,1174,1201]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF63FB5B77771487" bold="true" box="[199,357,1174,1200]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Larval stage:</emphasis>
|
||
lecithotrophic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFDB2FB5B74FB1487" author="Micael" box="[534,745,1174,1201]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1475 - 1484" refId="ref191036" refString="Micael, J., Rodrigues, P., Costa, A. C. & Alves, M. J. (2014) Phylogeography and genetic diversity of Ophidiaster ophidianus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) - evidence for a recent range expansion in the Azores. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 94, 1475 - 1484. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315414000563" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Micael
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFDC9FB5A748C1487" box="[621,670,1174,1200]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF63FB7477AB162E" blockId="92.[151,1437,849,2029]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF63FB74772B14E3" bold="true" box="[199,313,1209,1236]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Material:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFEE4FB7777C314E3" box="[320,465,1210,1236]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
075 (Baixa do Cerco, Caloura,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFC9CFB77756514E3" box="[824,887,1210,1236]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">SMG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFC25FB7775AF14E3" box="[897,957,1210,1236]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFC6DFB7675CF14E3" box="[969,989,1211,1236]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFC40FB77726214E3" box="[996,1136,1210,1236]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="20" value="37.705555">37°42’20”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFBD8FB74731914E3" box="[1148,1291,1209,1236]" degrees="25" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-25.508333">25°30’30”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C4040CFF8FFAB3FB77738A14E3" box="[1303,1432,1210,1236]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="2010-08-13">
|
||
2010.08.
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFAD9FB77738A14E3" box="[1405,1432,1210,1236]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="m" value="13.2">13</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 20 m; 1 spm, R =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFED6FB1377D414CE" box="[370,454,1246,1273]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="67.0">67 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFDA5FB12745B14CE" box="[513,585,1247,1273]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFDC4FB1374E314CF" box="[608,753,1246,1272]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
076 (FRM,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFC26FB1375AC14CF" box="[898,958,1246,1272]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFC68FB1275F214CF" box="[972,992,1247,1272]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFC4EFB13726714CF" box="[1002,1141,1246,1272]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="14" value="37.270554">37°16’14”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFB20FB10730114CF" box="[1156,1299,1245,1272]" degrees="24" direction="west" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="52" value="-24.78111">24°46’52”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1990.06; 1 spm, r =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFEA6FACF7745152A" box="[258,343,1282,1309]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFEC9FACF77EC152B" box="[365,510,1282,1308]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
080 (Poços, S„o Vicente,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFC8BFACF757C152B" box="[815,878,1282,1308]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">SMG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFCDEFACF75A4152B" box="[890,950,1282,1308]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFC60FACE75C5152B" box="[964,983,1283,1308]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFC45FACC727E152B" box="[993,1132,1281,1308]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="06" value="37.835">37°50’06”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFBDEFACC731B152B" box="[1146,1289,1281,1308]" degrees="25" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-25.669443">25°40’10”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C4040CFF8FFAB3FACF738A152B" box="[1303,1432,1282,1308]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1996-07-20">
|
||
1996.07.
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFADDFACF738A152B" box="[1401,1432,1282,1308]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="m" value="20.3">20</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 30 m; 2 spms, R =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFEC8FAEB77F51576" box="[364,487,1318,1345]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="7.9" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="86.0" valueMax="93.0" valueMin="79.0">79–93 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFDBDFAEB74841576" box="[537,662,1318,1345]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFD0EFAEB75291577" box="[682,827,1318,1344]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
081 (Poços, S„o Vicente,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFBC5FAEB72B21577" box="[1121,1184,1318,1344]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">SMG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFB0EFAEB72F41577" box="[1194,1254,1318,1344]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFB56FAEA73171577" box="[1266,1285,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFAA8FAE8738A1577" box="[1292,1432,1317,1344]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="06" value="37.835">37°50’06”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFF33FA8477341553" box="[151,294,1353,1380]" degrees="25" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-25.669443">25°40’10”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C4040CFF8FFE96FA8777A01553" box="[306,434,1354,1380]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1996-07-17">
|
||
1996.07.
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFE32FA8777A01553" box="[406,434,1354,1380]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.712" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="m" value="17.12">17</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 12 m; 3 spms, R =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFD37FA87753B1552" box="[659,809,1354,1381]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.16" metricValueMax="1.22" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="116.0" valueMax="122.0" valueMin="110.0">110–122 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFCF8FA8775CB1552" box="[860,985,1354,1381]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">10–13 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFC48FA87726F1553" box="[1004,1149,1354,1380]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
082 (Banco Jo„o de Castro,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFF67FAA376ED15BF" box="[195,255,1390,1416]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFEAFFAA2770C15BF" box="[267,286,1391,1416]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFE81FAA377A215BF" box="[293,432,1390,1416]" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="18" value="38.22167">38°13’18”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFE18FAA3745E15BF" box="[444,588,1390,1416]" degrees="26" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-26.603334">26°36’12”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C4040CFF8FFDF3FAA374CA15BF" box="[599,728,1390,1416]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1996-07-27">
|
||
1996.07.
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFD1EFAA374CA15BF" box="[698,728,1390,1416]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.73" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="m" value="27.3">27</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 30 m; 1 spms, R =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFC1DFAA3721015BE" box="[953,1026,1390,1417]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFB91FAA0729B15BE" box="[1077,1161,1389,1417]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFB38FAA3733F15BF" box="[1180,1325,1390,1416]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
112 (Vila do
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE6040CFF8FFF1FFA5E76E9159A" box="[187,251,1427,1453]" country="Portugal" name="Porto" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Porto</collectingRegion>
|
||
, SMA,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFEF5FA5F779F159B" box="[337,397,1426,1452]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFE3EFA5E77BF159B" box="[410,429,1427,1452]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFE11FA5C7453159B" box="[437,577,1425,1452]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="42" value="36.945">36°56’42”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFDEAFA5C74CF159B" box="[590,733,1425,1452]" degrees="25" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-25.147223">25°08’50”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1990.06; 1 spm, R =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFC7FFA5F7229159A" box="[987,1083,1426,1453]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="122.0">122 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFBD5FA5F72D7159A" box="[1137,1221,1426,1453]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFB7DFA5F7378159B" box="[1241,1386,1426,1452]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
409 (Poças de
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE6040CFF8FFEA8FA7B779E15E7" box="[268,396,1462,1488]" country="Cape Verde" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
, GRA,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFE45FA7B740F15E7" box="[481,541,1462,1488]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFD8DFA7A742F15E7" box="[553,573,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFDE1FA7874C215E7" box="[581,720,1461,1488]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="16" value="39.087776">39°05’16”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFD79FA78757F15E7" box="[733,877,1461,1488]" degrees="28" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="25" value="-28.006945">28°00’25”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C4040CFF8FFCDDFA7875F915E7" box="[889,1003,1461,1488]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="2010-08-05">2010.08.5</date>
|
||
, 1–
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFBB7FA7B725115E6" box="[1043,1091,1462,1489]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
; 2 spm, R =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFB72FA7B737C15E6" box="[1238,1390,1462,1489]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMax="1.38" metricValueMin="1.26" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="132.0" valueMax="138.0" valueMin="126.0">126–138 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFF33FA14770615C2" box="[151,276,1497,1525]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFE8CFA1777AB15C3" box="[296,441,1498,1524]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">DBUA-ECH</collectionCode>
|
||
410 (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE6040CFF8FFE5CFA17746A15C3" box="[504,632,1498,1524]" country="Cape Verde" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
, GRA,
|
||
<collectionCode id="AFF0FBC1040CFF8FFD6FFA17751515C3" box="[715,775,1498,1524]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">AZO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFCB7FA16753415C3" box="[787,806,1499,1524]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">c.</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFC89FA1475AA15C3" box="[813,952,1497,1524]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="16" value="39.087776">39°05’16”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040CFF8FFC61FA14724615C3" box="[965,1108,1497,1524]" degrees="28" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" precision="15" seconds="25" value="-28.006945">28°00’25”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="BD5F45C4040CFF8FFBC4FA1772C015C3" box="[1120,1234,1498,1524]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="2010-08-06">2010.08.6</date>
|
||
, intertidal; 1 spm, R =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFF6CFA337735162E" box="[200,295,1534,1561]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 mm</quantity>
|
||
, r =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFEFDFA3377BE162E" box="[345,428,1534,1561]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81FB308F040CFF8FFF63F9EC770C176B" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8FFF63F9EC770C176B" blockId="92.[151,1437,849,2029]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF63F9EC7749160B" bold="true" box="[199,347,1569,1596]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
disc small with five relatively long, cylindrical arms slightly constricted at the insertion with the disc and a blunt distal extremity; many specimens with missing distal part of the arms or arms with different degrees of regrowth. Body densely covered by granulation, with larger flattened granules intermingled by finer granules. Papular areas in eight regular longitudinal rows. Maximum number of papular pores per area from
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFAC0F94376BF16FB" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="in" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 in</quantity>
|
||
the smallest specimen (DBUA-ECH 075, R =
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040CFF8FFD62F97F750A16FA" box="[710,792,1714,1741]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="67.0">67 mm</quantity>
|
||
) increasing progressively with the size of the animals to more than 20. Abactinal plates cruciform. Adambulacral plates bearing two blunt, rounded furrow spines, distal one smaller than proximal one. One large, thick, blunt subambulacral spine; no pedicellaria. Colour (in vivo) orange to bright red with or without darker blotches. Colour (in ethanol): whitish with some traces of the original orange colouration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="81FB308F040CFF8DFF63F8AB77DB1320" lastPageId="94" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040CFF8EFF63F8AB7551129C" blockId="92.[151,1437,849,2029]" lastBlockId="93.[151,1437,153,683]" lastPageId="93" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFF63F8AB772F17B7" bold="true" box="[199,317,1894,1920]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
On redescribing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040CFF8FFE5AF8AB756C17B7" authority="Gray, 1840" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[510,894,1894,1920]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFE5AF8AB74E517B7" box="[510,759,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ophidiaster guildingii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFD5AF8AB756C17B7" author="Gray" box="[766,894,1894,1920]" firstAuthor="Gray" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref182776" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, 6, 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFC67F8AB724D17B7" author="Clark" box="[963,1119,1894,1920]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" refId="ref177238" refString="Clark, H. L. (1921 a) The echinoderm fauna of Torres Strait: its composition and its origin. Vol. 10. Department of Marine Biology of the Carnegie Institute, Washington, D. C., vi + 223 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14613" type="book" year="1921" yearSuffix="a">Clark (1921a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
concluded that this Western Atlantic species can be distinguished from the Eastern Atlantic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040CFF8FFCF8F84675EB1793" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[860,1017,1930,1957]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFCF8F84675621792" box="[860,880,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040CFF8FFCD9F84775EB1793" box="[893,1017,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
primarily by the relative shape of the spines in the adambulacral armature, but also by its colour pattern, slender rays, coarser granulation and larger and fewer papulae.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040CFF8FFEE1F81E740E17DB" author="Mortensen" box="[325,540,2002,2029]" firstAuthor="Mortensen" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="401 - 473" refId="ref192746" refString="Mortensen, T. (1933 c) The echinoderms of St. Helena (Other than crinoids). Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening, 93, 401 - 473." type="journal article" year="1933" yearSuffix="c">Mortensen (1933c)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented that the colour pattern could not be used as a diagnostic character, since animals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFEF3FF5477E41084" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[343,502,153,179]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFEF3FF5477791084" box="[343,363,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFEDEFF5477E41084" box="[378,502,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B1F62394040DFF8EFD99FF5474C01084" box="[573,722,153,179]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Santa Helena</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Canaries can also present a molted pattern, a character considered to be characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFDB8FF7074BC10E0" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[540,686,189,215]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFDB8FF7074BC10E0" box="[540,686,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">O. guildingii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFD1AFF70757910E0" author="Madsen" box="[702,875,188,215]" firstAuthor="Madsen" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="167 - 222" refId="ref189080" refString="Madsen, F. J. (1950) The echinoderms collected by the Atlantide Expedition, 1945 - 46. 1. Asteroidea. Atlantide Reports, 1, 167 - 222." type="journal article" year="1950">Madsen (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
believed that both forms were the same species, and suggested to demote
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFE11FF2C745610CC" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[437,580,225,251]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE11FF2C77DB10CC" box="[437,457,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE73FF2C745610CC" box="[471,580,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">guildingii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFCBFFF2C75A810CC" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[795,954,225,251]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFCBFFF2C753D10CC" box="[795,815,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFC9AFF2C75A810CC" box="[830,954,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFC6DFF2C729910CC" author="Tortonese" box="[969,1163,224,251]" firstAuthor="Tortonese" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref202694" refString="Tortonese, E. (1965) Fauna D'Italia-Echinodermata. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 422 pp." type="book" year="1965">Tortonese (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented on the high variability in colour patterns presented by Mediterranean specimens, from bright orange, red, pink to violet, with or without spots of variable number and size.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFDDEFEE475AB1174" author="Nataf & Cherbonnier" box="[634,953,296,323]" firstAuthor="Nataf" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="813 - 834" refId="ref193854" refString="Nataf, G. & Cherbonnier, G. (1975) Troisieme contribution a la connaissance des Asterides de la cote occidentale d'Afrique. Bulletin du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 3 ª serie, Zoologie, 311 (218), 813 - 834., 3 pls." type="book chapter" year="1975">Nataf & Cherbonnier (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that the number of papillae is highly variable too, depending on the size of the animals. Our own observations on Azorean specimens are in accordance with the data presented by these authors.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFDD2FEBC75AF11BC" author="Nataf & Cherbonnier" box="[630,957,368,395]" firstAuthor="Nataf" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="813 - 834" refId="ref193854" refString="Nataf, G. & Cherbonnier, G. (1975) Troisieme contribution a la connaissance des Asterides de la cote occidentale d'Afrique. Bulletin du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 3 ª serie, Zoologie, 311 (218), 813 - 834., 3 pls." type="book chapter" year="1975">Nataf & Cherbonnier (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also observed that the granulation is also variable, a trait as well observed by us.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFDC7FE58751C1198" author="Pawson" box="[611,782,405,431]" firstAuthor="Pawson" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref195146" refString="Pawson, D. L. (1978) The Echinoderm Fauna of Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 2, 1 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 01960768.2.1" type="journal article" year="1978">Pawson (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recommended that the limits of variation, particularly of the colour patterns should be further studied. Most of the individuals housed in the DBUA-ECH collection showed no presence of conspicuous blotches, however little or nothing of the original colour survived in the preservation medium. In Wirtz & Debellius (2006: 276) a photograph taken in Faial Island (Azores) of two specimens side by side can be found: one uniform bright red and the other bright red with small dark blotches. Sympatric occurrence of these two-colour morphs was observed in the field by us (
|
||
<figureCitation id="51DA7F81040DFF8EFC9DFD8475D41254" box="[825,966,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="93.[151,250,1510,1535]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,705,1491]" captionTargetId="figure@93.[151,1436,705,1491]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURE 19. Ophidiaster ophidianus (Lamarck, 1816) (DBUA-ECH 081: A–D; DBUA-ECH 409: E). Dorsal view (A); ventral view (B); detail of the arm and disc, dorsal view (C), ventral view (D); molted colour pattern (E); animal in situ (Pico Island, Azores, ca. 38°23'22"N, 28°15'04"W, 2010.08.20, 1 m: F)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342199/files/figure.png" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Figs. 19E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). In a phylogeographic study by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFA90FD84771512B0" author="Micael" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Micael" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="1475 - 1484" refId="ref191036" refString="Micael, J., Rodrigues, P., Costa, A. C. & Alves, M. J. (2014) Phylogeography and genetic diversity of Ophidiaster ophidianus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) - evidence for a recent range expansion in the Azores. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 94, 1475 - 1484. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315414000563" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Micael
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFA2CFD8776BF12B0" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFE97FDA077C112B0" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[307,467,621,647]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE97FDA0775512B0" box="[307,327,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFEF3FDA077C112B0" box="[343,467,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations from the Azores, Madeira and Mediterranean, no evidence of significant differences were found, suggesting a recent range expansion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9D9E338C040DFF8EFF33FA2B74FE1670" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3342199/files/figure.png" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" startId="93.[151,250,1510,1535]" targetBox="[151,1436,705,1491]" targetPageId="93">
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040DFF8EFF33FA2B74FE1670" blockId="93.[151,1436,1510,1607]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFF33FA2B770D15C8" bold="true" box="[151,287,1510,1535]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFE80FA2A74D015C8" authority="(Lamarck, 1816)" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[292,706,1510,1535]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE80FA2A740615C8" box="[292,532,1511,1535]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Ophidiaster ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFD84FA2B74A915C8" author="Lamarck" box="[544,699,1510,1535]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref186715" refString="Lamarck, J. - B. (1816) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Tome Second. Verdiere, Paris, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(DBUA-ECH 081: A–D; DBUA-ECH 409: E). Dorsal view (A); ventral view (B); detail of the arm and disc, dorsal view (C), ventral view (D); molted colour pattern (E); animal
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFB71F9C173061614" box="[1237,1300,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
(Pico Island, Azores, ca. 38°23'22"N, 28°15'04"W, 2010.08.20, 1 m: F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040DFF8EFF63F9B8738A16CB" blockId="93.[151,1437,1653,2040]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
|
||
The deep-water
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFE25F9BB77F516B8" authorityName="Sibuet" authorityYear="1977" box="[385,487,1654,1680]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="reyssi">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE25F9BB778716A7" box="[385,405,1654,1680]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE02F9BB77F516B8" box="[422,487,1654,1679]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">reyssi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below) the only other known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFCD8F9B8721016B8" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1836" box="[892,1026,1653,1679]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFCD8F9B8721016B8" box="[892,1026,1653,1679]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Ophidiaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0B25ADE6040DFF8EFB0BF9BB72EC16A7" box="[1199,1278,1654,1680]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Azores</collectingRegion>
|
||
can be easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFED0F95774061684" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[372,532,1689,1716]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFED0F957779A1683" box="[372,392,1690,1716]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE3CF95474061684" box="[408,532,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of pedicellaria and by the overall shape of the body with arms tapering from a broad base. Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFDCAF97374C016E0" authorityName="Sibuet" authorityYear="1977" box="[622,722,1726,1752]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="reyssi">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFDCAF973749016EF" box="[622,642,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFD35F97374C016E0" box="[657,722,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">reyssi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can also be distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFB3FF970733316E0" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1836" box="[1179,1313,1725,1751]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFB3FF970733316E0" box="[1179,1313,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Ophidiaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by the isolated small bead-like subambulacral spines and a very fine body granulation (A.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFB2CF92C739E16CB" author="Clark & Downey" box="[1160,1420,1761,1788]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref176986" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Natural History Museum Publications. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C95E6304040DFF8DFF63F8CB77DB1320" blockId="93.[151,1437,1653,2040]" lastBlockId="94.[151,1437,153,791]" lastPageId="94" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFF63F8CB777B1717" author="Drouet" box="[199,361,1797,1824]" firstAuthor="Drouet" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref179582" refString="Drouet, H. (1861) Element de la Faune acoreenne. J. B. Bailliere & Fils, Lubaires de L'Academie de Medicine, Paris, 245 pp." type="book" year="1861">Drouët (1861)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
published the first possible report of this species in the archipelago under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFAE4F8CB76ED1774" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loevigata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFAE4F8CB76ED1774" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Asterias loevigata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFEA9F8E477A51773" author="Simroth" box="[269,439,1833,1860]" firstAuthor="Simroth" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref200446" refString="Simroth, H. (1888) Zur kenntnis der Azorenfauna. Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 54 (1), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1888">Simroth (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found a specimen identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFCB2F8E4720C1774" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[790,1054,1833,1859]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFCB2F8E4720C1774" box="[790,1054,1833,1859]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Ophidiaster ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Ponta Delgada Museum, which he believed to be equivalent to Drouët’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFDD2F88375561750" box="[630,836,1869,1896]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="loevigata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFDD2F88375561750" box="[630,836,1869,1896]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Asterias loevigata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFCF2F88075EF175F" author="Barrois" box="[854,1021,1869,1896]" firstAuthor="Barrois" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="31 - 33" refId="ref173365" refString="Barrois, T. (1888) Liste des Echinodermes recueillis aux Acores durant les mois d'Ao r t et September 1887. Revue Biologique du Nord de la France, 1, 31 - 33 + 69 - 75 + 109 - 115." type="journal article" year="1888">Barrois (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
contested Drouët identification and place it under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFE05F8BF742D17BC" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[417,575,1905,1932]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE05F8BF742D17BC" box="[417,575,1905,1932]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">O. ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, one of the most common sea stars of the present-day Azorean shallow water (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFF3BF85B776A1787" author="Morton" box="[159,376,1941,1968]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Morton" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref193344" refString="Morton, B., Britton, J. C. & Martins, A. F. M. (1998) Ecologia costeira dos Acores. Sociedade Afonso Chaves, Ponta Delgada, 249 pp." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Morton
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFF58F85B773C1798" box="[252,302,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFE21F858744A1787" author="Micael, J. & Costa A. C." box="[389,600,1941,1968]" editor="Borges, P. A. V. & Costa, A. & Cunha, R. & Gabriel, R. & Goncalves, V. & Martins, A. F. & Melo, I. & Parente, M. & Raposeiro, P. & Rodrigues, P. & Santos, R. S. & Silva, L. & Vieira, P. & Vieira, V." journalOrPublisher="Principia, Oeiras" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="321 - 323" refId="ref190649" refString="Micael, J. & Costa A. C. (2010) Echinodermata. In: Borges, P. A. V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Goncalves, V., Martins, A. F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R. S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.), A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Principia, Oeiras, pp. 321 - 323." title="Echinodermata" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores" year="2010">
|
||
Micael
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE7EF85B741E1798" box="[474,524,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The closest name to the original identification is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFB31F85B76C917E3" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="laevigata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFB31F85B730F1798" box="[1173,1309,1941,1968]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">A. laevigata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFA89F85876C017E3" author="Linnaeus" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref187346" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. 1. 10 th Edition. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, now accepted as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFE0FF874752917E3" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[427,827,1977,2004]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Linckia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="laevigata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFE0FF874746217E4" box="[427,624,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Linckia laevigata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFD24F874752117E3" author="Linnaeus" box="[640,819,1977,2004]" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref187346" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. 1. 10 th Edition. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a sea star of similar shape but restricted to the Indo- Pacific, which makes it an unlikely candidate. However, the subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040DFF8EFC1BF813738E17C0" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[959,1436,2013,2040]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subSpecies" species="laevigata" subSpecies="varietas">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040DFF8EFC1BF81372F917C0" box="[959,1259,2013,2040]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Asterias laevigata varietas</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040DFF8EFB57F810738E17C0" author="Lamarck" box="[1267,1436,2013,2039]" firstAuthor="Lamarck" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" refId="ref186715" refString="Lamarck, J. - B. (1816) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Tome Second. Verdiere, Paris, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040EFF8DFE7DFF5474B61084" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[473,676,153,179]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFE7DFF5474B61084" box="[473,676,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Hacelia attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a species present in the Azores (A.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFBC7FF5473791084" author="Clark & Downey" box="[1123,1387,153,179]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref176986" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Natural History Museum Publications. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see above). The only description provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFDDEFF70750910EF" author="Drouet" box="[634,795,189,216]" firstAuthor="Drouet" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref179582" refString="Drouet, H. (1861) Element de la Faune acoreenne. J. B. Bailliere & Fils, Lubaires de L'Academie de Medicine, Paris, 245 pp." type="book" year="1861">Drouët (1861)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFCDFFF70723B10E0" author="Simroth" box="[891,1065,189,215]" firstAuthor="Simroth" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref200446" refString="Simroth, H. (1888) Zur kenntnis der Azorenfauna. Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 54 (1), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1888">Simroth (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is the bright red and orange red colour of the specimens, respectively. Unfortunately, in the Azores both species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040EFF8DFBB6FF2C72BD10CC" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[1042,1199,225,251]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFBB6FF2C723410CC" box="[1042,1062,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFB97FF2C72BD10CC" box="[1075,1199,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040EFF8DFB40FF2F736210CC" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[1252,1392,225,251]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Hacelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="attenuata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFB40FF2F72EA10CC" box="[1252,1272,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFAA2FF2F736210CC" box="[1286,1392,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">attenuata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can have bright red and orange colours. In the historical collection of the Museum Carlos Machado (Ponta Delgada, S„o Miguel Island) we have found some animals belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040EFF8DFC81FEE475D11174" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[805,963,297,323]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFC81FEE475D11174" box="[805,963,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">O. ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, we could not ascertain if those specimens were the same as the ones referred by Simroth. Thus, without the original material it is impossible to further discuss the original identification, and considering the conspicuous presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040EFF8DFBFCFEBC72E611BC" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[1112,1268,369,395]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFBFCFEBC727E11BC" box="[1112,1132,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFBDCFEBC72E611BC" box="[1144,1268,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Azorean shallow waters, we are inclined to accept
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFDD1FE5875081198" author="Barrois" box="[629,794,405,431]" firstAuthor="Barrois" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="31 - 33" refId="ref173365" refString="Barrois, T. (1888) Liste des Echinodermes recueillis aux Acores durant les mois d'Ao r t et September 1887. Revue Biologique du Nord de la France, 1, 31 - 33 + 69 - 75 + 109 - 115." type="journal article" year="1888">Barrois (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
rectification, a view also accepted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFB77FE58736A1198" author="Pereira" box="[1235,1400,405,431]" firstAuthor="Pereira" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="331 - 337" refId="ref195814" refString="Pereira, M. (1997) Checklist of the littoral echinoderms of the Azores. Acoreana, 8 (3), 331 - 337." type="journal article" year="1997">Pereira (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In any case,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFEA0FE74778711E4" author="Nobre" box="[260,405,441,467]" firstAuthor="Nobre" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="41 - 90" refId="ref194060" refString="Nobre, A. (1924) Contribuicies para a Fauna dos Acores. Anais do Instituto de Zoologia da Universidade do Porto, 1, 41 - 90." type="journal article" year="1924">Nobre (1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFE04FE7477CB11E4" author="Nobre" box="[416,473,441,467]" firstAuthor="Nobre" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref194090" refString="Nobre, A. (1930) Materiais para o estudo da fauna dos Acores. Instituto de Zoologia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, 108 pp." type="book" year="1930">1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) place Simroth’s record under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040EFF8DFC90FE7475C011E4" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[820,978,441,467]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFC90FE7475C011E4" box="[820,978,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">O. ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but we could not ascertain if Nobre saw Simroth’s original material.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFE7CFE10747D11C0" author="Sladen" box="[472,623,477,503]" firstAuthor="Sladen" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="214 - 269" refId="ref200581" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1883) The Asteroidea of H. M. S. Challenger Expedition. Part II, Astropectinidae. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 17, 214 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 02022. x" type="journal article" year="1883">Sladen (1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFDD9FE1074A411C0" author="Sladen" box="[637,694,477,503]" firstAuthor="Sladen" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref200640" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Report on the Asteroidea collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Challenger series of reports, Zoology, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) reported this strictly shallow-water species to the Azores from a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040EFF8DFF5FFDCC7750122C" box="[251,322,513,539]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.23" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="823.0">823 m</quantity>
|
||
(H.M.S.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFE0FFDCC743B122C" box="[427,553,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Challenger</emphasis>
|
||
, sta 75:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040EFF8DFD2CFDCC7501122C" box="[648,787,513,539]" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" precision="15" seconds="00" value="38.633335">38°38’00”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ACD505C3040EFF8DFCBBFDCC75A0122C" box="[799,946,513,539]" degrees="28" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-28.475">28°28’30”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), though showing some concerns due to the size of the specimen since in his opinion it was almost too small for an accurate determination, an opinion later joined by H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFEE2FD8477FA1254" author="Clark" box="[326,488,585,611]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref177238" refString="Clark, H. L. (1921 a) The echinoderm fauna of Torres Strait: its composition and its origin. Vol. 10. Department of Marine Biology of the Carnegie Institute, Washington, D. C., vi + 223 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14613" type="book" year="1921" yearSuffix="a">Clark (1921a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Nevertheless, the station depth was in all probability much shallower than the one reported (see remarks under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040EFF8DFE73FDA0751412B0" authorityName="$ Sladen" authorityYear="1883" box="[471,774,621,647]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hermatophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFE73FDA0751412B0" box="[471,774,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Astropecten hermatophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), about
|
||
<quantity id="0E19CEE1040EFF8DFCC6FDA175C712B0" box="[866,981,620,647]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="0.9099999999999999" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="128.0" valueMax="165.0" valueMin="91.0">91–165 m</quantity>
|
||
, which falls in the maximum depth limit for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EE11887040EFF8DFF1BFD5C774E129C" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[191,348,657,683]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFF1BFD5C76C1129C" box="[191,211,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFF44FD5C774E129C" box="[224,348,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Additionally, among the material housed at DBUA-ECH we have found a specimen collected in the area of Don Jo„o de Castro Seamount (between Terceira and S„o Miguel islands), one of the rare examples in Azores of a shallow-water hydrothermal-active volcanic seamount. This species was also recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD701EF5040EFF8DFABFFD1477141320" author="Cardigos" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cardigos" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="153 - 168" refId="ref175216" refString="Cardigos, F., Colaco, A., Dando, P. R., Avila, S. P., Sarradin, P. - M., Tempera, F., Conceic " o, P., Pascoal, A. & Santos, R. S. (2005) Shallow-water hydrothermal vent field fluids and communities of the D. Jo " o de Castro Seamount (Azores). Chemical Geology, 224, 153 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. chemgeo. 2005.07.019" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Cardigos
|
||
<emphasis id="FB95BF16040EFF8DFA2CFD1776BF1320" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the same area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |