333 lines
33 KiB
XML
333 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.405.7402" ID-GBIF-Dataset="57127ecf-70b4-42ab-80a8-db5c6970cc3a" ID-PMC="PMC4023268" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-405-1" ID-PubMed="24843275" ID-ZBK="0EC88104E98F4E999397DB767D38050E" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-405-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 405" ModsDocTitle="Twenty-four new species of Aleiodes Wesmael from the eastern Andes of Ecuador with associated biological information (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae)" checkinTime="1451245943323" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shimbori, Eduardo Mitio & Shaw, Scott Richard" docDate="2014" docId="1516BA37EF3D1217C5610FD1731B475B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 405: 1-81" docOrigin="ZooKeys 405" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.405.7402" docTitle="Aleiodes luteosicarius Shimbori & Shaw, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="E5AD2981-1E53-4CBD-9BFF-DFB446513ECD" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FF8C5F2CC211FFCEFFD5A74443758641" masterDocTitle="Twenty-four new species of Aleiodes Wesmael from the eastern Andes of Ecuador with associated biological information (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae)" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1668158296605" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Twenty-four new species of Aleiodes Wesmael from the eastern Andes of Ecuador with associated biological information (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shimbori, Eduardo Mitio</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shaw, Scott Richard</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>405</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>81</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.405.7402</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.405.7402</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-405-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">0EC88104E98F4E999397DB767D38050E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">0EC88104E98F4E999397DB767D38050E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152052790" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E5AD2981-1E53-4CBD-9BFF-DFB446513ECD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1516BA37EF3D1217C5610FD1731B475B" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/E5AD2981-1E53-4CBD-9BFF-DFB446513ECD" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes luteosicarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteosicarius">Aleiodes luteosicarius</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="43" pageNumber="44">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 58-60, 61-68, 119, 124
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description of holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Description of holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Female (holotype). Body length 6.9 mm; antenna length 7.6 mm; fore wing length 6.0 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Color. Entire body honey brown to bronze, notum slightly darker; ocellar triangle black; antenna dark brown; wings hyaline; veins brown except C+SC+R, parastigma centrally, stigma, and R1 yellow; ovipositor mostly with same color of body, only weakly darkening apically.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Head. Antenna with 48 antennomeres, flagellomeres roughly 2.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, apical flagellomere with
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“bottle-nipple”">"bottle-nipple"</normalizedToken>
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-shaped apex; malar space as long as basal width of mandible, and 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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eye height; in dorsal view eye height 2.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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temple; occipital carina incomplete dorsally but not curved toward vertex, otherwise complete but not touching hypostomal carina; oral space small and circular, maximum width equal to basal width of mandible; clypeus not swollen;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ocell–ocular">ocell-ocular</normalizedToken>
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distance 0.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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diameter of lateral ocellus; maxillary palp not swollen. Head surface sculpturing finely granulate, higher face with small longitudinal ridge and transverse rugosity directed to it, vertex coarsely granulate with some transverse wrinkles, occiput smooth and shining.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Mesosoma. Sculpturing mostly granulate; pronotum foveate laterally; mesopleuron rugose on anterior corner; propodeum mostly coarsely granulate with few longitudinal wrinkles posteriorly, laterally weakly rugose, with mid-longitudinal carina present on anterior 2/3; notauli present anteriorly, wide and shallow, posteriorly disappears in a depressed longitudinally
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<normalizedToken originalValue="rugose–striate">rugose-striate</normalizedToken>
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area; posterior margin of mesoscutum with short carina just in front of scutellar sulcus; scutellar sulcus with strong median carina plus two pairs of strong but incomplete lateral carina.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">Wings</pageBreakToken>
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. Fore wing: stigma about 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than high; vein r 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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vein 2RS, about as long as vein RS+Mb, and 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as vein m-cu; vein 3RSa about 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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vein 3RSb, and as long as vein 2M; vein 1CUa 2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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vein 1cu-a; vein 1CUb 1.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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vein 1CUa; vein 1M virtually straight, only very slightly curved at basal half. Hind wing: m-cu indicated as short pigmented vein just postfurcal to vein r-m; vein M+CU about 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1M; vein r-m as long as vein 1M; vein RS faint, smoothly curved at middle; vein M straight; vein 2-1A present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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Legs. Hind tibia without comb of modified setae; tarsal claw pectinate with distinct gap between apical claw and bristles; hind basitarsus 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than inner apical spur on hind tibia; few rugositie dorso-laterally on outer side of hind coxa.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Metasoma. T1-T2 and basal half of T3 striated; remainder terga coriaceous; mid longitudinal carina complete from T1 throughout T2; ovipositor sheaths slightly shorter than hind tarsomere II, relatively thick and somewhat rounded at tip, uniformly and densely covered with relative short regular sized pubescence, but dorso-basally bare, setae length no longer than width of sheaths; T1 slightly longer than apical width.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Paratype variation. Body length 6.7-7.4 mm; antenna 48-50 segments; 3 to 5 carina on scutellar sulcus; about half of paratypes have a lighter body color, otherwise very similar to holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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Male. Body length 5.7 mm; 45 antennomeres; body color a little darker; ocelli larger,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ocell–ocular">ocell-ocular</normalizedToken>
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distance 0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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diameter of lateral ocellus; hind wing vein 1M relatively shorter, and vein m-cu just postfurcal to r-m.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Mummy. All mummies densely setose, setae mostly yellowish to light brown contrasting with dark brown body, head varying from dark brown to yellowish brown; morphology of mummies variable according to different host species, exit hole irregular, postero-dorsal.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
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Type-locality: ECUADOR, Napo Province, Yanayacu Biological Station, YY-47385,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-0.59833336">S00°35.9'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.89">W77°53.4'</geoCoordinate>
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, 2163 m, cloud forest, May 26, 2010.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="45" pageNumber="46" start="start">Type-specimen</pageBreakToken>
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: Holotype female and mummy, point mounted separately. Top label: "ECUADOR: Napo Province / Yanayacu Biological Station /
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-0.59833336">S00°35.9'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.89">W77°53.4'</geoCoordinate>
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2163m / CAPEA - NSF-BSI-07-17458 / (hand written) Apr. 2010 / YY-47385"; back (hand written):
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“26-May-2010”">"26-May-2010"</normalizedToken>
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. (UWIM)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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Paratypes, 9 females and 1 male (UWIM). 8♀ and 1♂, same data as holotype, except: 1♀, October 27, 2009, reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amastus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amastus</taxonomicName>
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nr. hyalina (
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<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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), YY-42218, feeding on
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea scandens" order="Poales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">Chusquea scandens</taxonomicName>
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; 3 ♀ reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Pelochyta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelochyta gandolfii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gandolfii">Pelochyta gandolfii</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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) feeding on
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea scandens" order="Poales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">Chusquea scandens</taxonomicName>
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: April 27, 2009, YY-37911, March 16, 2007, YY-20534, and March 9, 2011, YY-54645; 1♀, December 2, 2009, YY-43108, reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Desmotricha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmotricha imitata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitata">Desmotricha imitata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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) on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Barnadesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Barnadesia parviflora" order="Asterales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflora">Barnadesia parviflora</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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); 1♀ April 25, 2013, YY-73553, reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Pelochyta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelochyta gandolfii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gandolfii">Pelochyta gandolfii</taxonomicName>
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, on unknown host plant; 1♀ September 24, 2013, YY-78795, reared from
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<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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; 1♀ October 3, 2013, reared from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amastus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amastus</taxonomicName>
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nr. hyalina; 1♂, May 21, 2011, hand collected at daylight by aspirator (Ridge trail), H. Aguirre col. 1♀, ECUADOR, Napo Province, Cuyuja, Chalpi Grande, 2800m, March 3, 2006, hand collected at light sheet - Yanayacu exp. 2006, D.L. Wagner col.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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Parasitoids on several
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Arctiinae">Arctiinae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
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) species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amastus coccinator" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coccinator">Amastus coccinator</taxonomicName>
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Schaus (including the holotype),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Pelochyta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelochyta gandolfii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gandolfii">Pelochyta gandolfii</taxonomicName>
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Schaus and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amastus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amastus</taxonomicName>
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nr. hyalina Dognin, collected on
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea scandens" order="Poales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">Chusquea scandens</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Poaceae" lsidName="Poaceae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="genus">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
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), and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Desmotricha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmotricha imitata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitata">Desmotricha imitata</taxonomicName>
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Druce feeding on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Barnadesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Barnadesia parviflora" order="Asterales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflora">Barnadesia parviflora</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName genus="Asteraceae" lsidName="Asteraceae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="genus">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
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). Nevertheless,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amastus coccinator" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coccinator">Amastus coccinator</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Pelochyta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelochyta gandolfii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gandolfii">Pelochyta gandolfii</taxonomicName>
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have no previous rearing records feeding on
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea scandens" order="Poales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">Chusquea scandens</taxonomicName>
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, which is the most common plant in the sampling sites. Since
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Arctiinae">Arctiinae</taxonomicName>
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caterpillars are highly active, it is possible that they were just wandering over this plant; therefore, feeding on
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea scandens" order="Poales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scandens">Chusquea scandens</taxonomicName>
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for the these two species needs confirmation. Time span from host mummification to adult emergence was about one month.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes luteosicarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteosicarius">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="46" pageNumber="47" start="start">Aleiodes</pageBreakToken>
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luteosicarius
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is the only species herein described which belongs to pallidator species-group. It is very similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., despite
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. belongs to circumscriptus/gastritor species-group.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes luteosicarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteosicarius">Aleiodes luteosicarius</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. in the following characters:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ocell–ocular">ocell-ocular</normalizedToken>
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distance 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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diameter of lateral ocellus (about 0.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.); at least half of tergite 3 striated, as in tergite 2 (tergite 3 mostly
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="smooth–coriaceous">smooth-coriaceous</normalizedToken>
|
||
); m-cu of hind wing slightly postfurcal to almost interstitial (antefurcal in females of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.); clypeus not swollen (swollen in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.); ovipositor sheaths relatively thick and somewhat rounded at tip, uniformly and densely covered with relative short regular sized pubescence, but dorso-basally bare, setae length no longer than width of sheaths (ovipositor sheaths sharpening at apex, setae concentrated apically, and not regular sized, longest setae about 1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than width of sheaths in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.); fore wing as long as body length (distinctly shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.); stigma narrower (4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than high in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes luteosicarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteosicarius">Aleiodes luteosicarius</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. vs. 3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.); hind wing vein r-m as long as vein 1M (distinctly shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.); depressed area on mesoscutum longitudinally
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="rugose–striate">rugose-striate</normalizedToken>
|
||
(striations running antero-laterally from mid-posterior region); propodeum mostly coarsely granulate with few longitudinal wrinkles posteriorly, laterally weakly rugose (distinct pattern of rugosity on propodeum in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.); occipital carina strong and abruptly interrupted dorsally (weaker and gradually disappearing in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.); vertex coarsely granulate with some transverse wrinkles (finely granulate in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes falloni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="falloni">Aleiodes falloni</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.). In the key to species of pallidator species-group from North America (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Shaw, SR" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="204 - 214" title="Revision of North American Aleiodes (Part 9): the pallidator (Thunberg) species-group with description of two new species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Rogadinae)." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3608.3.4" volume="3608" year="2013">S. Shaw et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) it runs to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes pallidator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidator">Aleiodes pallidator</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Thunberg, 1822). The new species closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes pallidator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidator">Aleiodes pallidator</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differing from it by the following: propodeum surface is entire rugose (laterally coriaceous in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes pallidator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidator">Aleiodes pallidator</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the longitudinal carina is present on anterior 3/4 (complete in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes pallidator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidator">Aleiodes pallidator</taxonomicName>
|
||
); vein 1CUa about 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of 1cu-a (just slightly longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes pallidator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidator">Aleiodes pallidator</taxonomicName>
|
||
); basal cell of hind wing very broad, vein r-m as long as vein 1M (narrower in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes pallidator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidator">Aleiodes pallidator</taxonomicName>
|
||
); metasomal tergite 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="granular–rugose">granular-rugose</normalizedToken>
|
||
and tergite 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="striate–rugose">striate-rugose</normalizedToken>
|
||
(costate in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes pallidator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidator">Aleiodes pallidator</taxonomicName>
|
||
); parasitoid on
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Arctiinae">Arctiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes pallidator" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallidator">Aleiodes pallidator</taxonomicName>
|
||
attacks
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Lymantriidae" lsidName="" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="family">Lymantriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
All previous known species of the pallidator species-group are parasitoids on
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lymantriinae">Lymantriinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
caterpillars (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Shaw, SR" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="204 - 214" title="Revision of North American Aleiodes (Part 9): the pallidator (Thunberg) species-group with description of two new species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Rogadinae)." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3608.3.4" volume="3608" year="2013">S. Shaw et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Lymantriidae" lsidName="" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="family">Lymantriidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This is the first record of a species in this group attacking
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Arctiinae">Arctiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also the first species of the group with known host from Neotropical region. The status of subfamily for these groups is relatively recent, and both belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Erebidae" lsidName="" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="family">Erebidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Species within the pallidator group has been consistently reared from the setose mummified caterpillars of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lymantriinae">Lymantriinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Japan, Europe and North America. The host associations reported here broaden the known host range for this species-group, but also denotes its ecological preferences for attacking densely setose caterpillars.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">From the Latin meaning "yellow killer," referring to the main color of this parasitoid.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Figures 58-60.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes luteosicarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteosicarius">Aleiodes luteosicarius</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. 58 habitus 59 head, dorsal 60 apical flagellomeres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Figures 61-68.
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Arctiinae">Arctiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
hosts of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Aleiodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aleiodes luteosicarius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteosicarius">Aleiodes luteosicarius</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. 61
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amastus coccinator" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coccinator">Amastus coccinator</taxonomicName>
|
||
Schaus larva 62 host mummy (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amastus coccinator" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coccinator">Amastus coccinator</taxonomicName>
|
||
) after parasitoid emergence 63
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Pelochitas" lsidName="Pelochitas gandolfii" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="gandolfii">Pelochitas gandolfii</taxonomicName>
|
||
Schaus larva 64 host mummy (P. galdolfi) after parasitoid emergence 65
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amastus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amastus</taxonomicName>
|
||
nr. hyalina Dognin larva 66 host mummy (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Amastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amastus" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amastus</taxonomicName>
|
||
nr. hyalina) after parasitoid emergence 67
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Desmotricha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmotricha imitata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitata">Desmotricha imitata</taxonomicName>
|
||
Druce larva 68 host mummy (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Desmotricha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmotricha imitata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitata">Desmotricha imitata</taxonomicName>
|
||
) after parasitoid emergence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |