324 lines
31 KiB
XML
324 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.9162" ID-GBIF-Dataset="153fc0b6-24b9-425c-a355-6ba33b9de475" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-51-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFCF966B691BFFC1FF950C14486D5B5D" ID-ZBK="B3D68EDB9CF844A3BC43E9C2D6626BD7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="147922" ID-ZooBank="B3D68EDB9CF844A3BC43E9C2D6626BD7" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2607-51-1" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 51" ModsDocTitle="North-Western Palaearctic species of the Pristiphoraruficornis group (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)" checkinTime="1472501929960" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Prous, Marko, Vikberg, Veli, Liston, Andrew & Kramp, Katja" docDate="2016" docId="048ACB568740F89E260BF0E4686C23B4" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 51: 1-54" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 51" docPubDate="2016-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.9162" docTitle="Pristiphora confusa Lindqvist 1955" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FFCF966B691BFFC1FF950C14486D5B5D" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFCF966B691BFFC1FF950C14486D5B5D" masterDocTitle="North-Western Palaearctic species of the Pristiphora ruficornis group (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1678749194293" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>North-Western Palaearctic species of the Pristiphora ruficornis group (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Prous, Marko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5329-7608</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Strasse 90, 15374 Muencheberg, Germany & Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mprous@ut.ee</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vikberg, Veli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Liinalammintie 11 as. 6, FI- 14200 Turenki, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liston, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Strasse 90, 15374 Muencheberg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kramp, Katja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Strasse 90, 15374 Muencheberg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2016-08-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>51</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>54</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.9162</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.9162</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-51-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B3D68EDB9CF844A3BC43E9C2D6626BD7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFCF966B691BFFC1FF950C14486D5B5D</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">147922</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127900817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:048ACB568740F89E260BF0E4686C23B4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/048ACB568740F89E260BF0E4686C23B4" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName LSID="695B8EEC-69B4-5F76-8BCB-3B35D084DBB6" authority="Lindqvist, 1955" authorityName="Lindqvist" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristiphora confusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">Pristiphora</pageBreakToken>
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confusa Lindqvist, 1955
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindqvist" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristiphora confusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">Pristiphora confusa</taxonomicName>
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Lindqvist, 1955: 40-41. Holotype ♀ (http://id.luomus.fi/GL.5209) in MZH, examined. Type locality: Sipoo [Sibbo], Uusimaa, Finland.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="similar species">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Similar species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Based on the external morphology, the most similar species are
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. albitibia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="albitibia">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. albitibia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. armata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. leucopus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="leucopus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. leucopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="opaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. opaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. pusilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="pusilla">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. pusilla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sootryeni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="sootryeni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. sootryeni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. subopaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="subopaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. subopaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The species is best distinguished through the structure of male penis valve (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 87–96" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 87 - 96. Penis valves of Pristiphora ruficornis group. 87 P. bifida DEI-GISHym 80000 (arrow indicates a dorsal depression of the pseudoceps) 88 P. frigida NHRS-HEVA 000003861 (arrow indicates a membranous fold near the tip of the ventro-apical spine) 89 P. confusa DEI-GISHym 31265 90 P. confusa PR. 460 VV 91 P. subopaca DEI-GISHym 80030, left penis valve 92 P. subopaca paratype http: // id. luomus. fi / GL. 5203 93 P. pusilla DEI-GISHym 80029, left penis valve with strong dorsal depression of the pseudoceps (arrow) 94 P. pusilla DEI-GISHym 80029, right penis valve with weak dorsal depression of the pseudoceps 95 P. opaca PR. 459 VV 96 P. opaca http: // id. luomus. fi / GL. 5206, paratype of P. amaura Lindqvist." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures87-96" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100820" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">89-90</figureCitation>
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). Unfortunately, it is rather difficult to distinguish females from
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. armata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. leucopus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="leucopus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. leucopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="opaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. opaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. subopaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="subopaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. subopaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as the differences in lancets are small (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 54–57" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 54 - 57. Lancets of Pristiphora armata subgroup. 54 P. leucopus PR. 393 VV, summer morph 55 P. leucopus PR. 467 VV reared ex larva from Tilia sp. 56 Nematus armatus Thomson syntype specimen 8 (X 112) 57 P. armata DEI-GISHym 20366." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures54-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100813" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">54-57</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 62–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 62 - 65. Lancets of Pristiphora aphantoneura subgroup. 62 P. confusa holotype 63 P. confusa PR. 544 VV reared ex larva from Salix caprea 64 P. opaca DEI-GISHym 80032 (presence of a fold is indicated by an arrow) 65 P. opaca PR. 389 VV." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures62-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100815" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">62</figureCitation>
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-
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 66–69" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 66 - 69. Lancets of Pristiphora subopaca. 66 PR. 403 VV 67 P. subopaca holotype 68 P. coniceps holotype 69 P. brunniapex holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures66-69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100816" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">69</figureCitation>
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). Apical serrulae are more protruding and shorter than in
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="opaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. opaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. subopaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="subopaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. subopaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 62–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 62 - 65. Lancets of Pristiphora aphantoneura subgroup. 62 P. confusa holotype 63 P. confusa PR. 544 VV reared ex larva from Salix caprea 64 P. opaca DEI-GISHym 80032 (presence of a fold is indicated by an arrow) 65 P. opaca PR. 389 VV." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures62-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100815" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">62</figureCitation>
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-
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 66–69" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figures 66 - 69. Lancets of Pristiphora subopaca. 66 PR. 403 VV 67 P. subopaca holotype 68 P. coniceps holotype 69 P. brunniapex holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures66-69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100816" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">69</figureCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindqvist" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristiphora opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pristiphora opaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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also has a fold at the base of tangium of the lancet (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 62–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 62 - 65. Lancets of Pristiphora aphantoneura subgroup. 62 P. confusa holotype 63 P. confusa PR. 544 VV reared ex larva from Salix caprea 64 P. opaca DEI-GISHym 80032 (presence of a fold is indicated by an arrow) 65 P. opaca PR. 389 VV." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures62-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100815" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">64-65</figureCitation>
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) that is lacking in other species in the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1811" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristiphora ruficornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficornis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pristiphora ruficornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindqvist" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Pristiphora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristiphora opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pristiphora opaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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tends also to have a smaller subapical tooth than
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. confusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="confusa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. confusa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The pterostigma of
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. confusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="confusa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. confusa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is apically brown and basally dark brown, like in
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="opaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. opaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–36" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 36. 18 P. albitibia DEI-GISHym 31514, thorax in lateral view 19 P. luteipes DEI-GISHym 80038, thorax in lateral view 20 P. astragali holotype, thorax in lateral view 21 P. leucopus DEI-GISHym 31556, lateral 22 P. leucopus DEI-GISHym 4989, lateral 23 P. luteipes DEI-GISHym 80038, lateral 24 P. luteipes DEI-GISHym 80038, flagellum 25 P. ruficornis DEI-GISHym 31185, flagellum 26 P. armata DEI-GISHym 11092 27 P. subopaca holotype, pterostigma (arrow) 28 P. opaca holotype, pterostigma (arrow) 29 P. ruficornis DEI-GISHym 31185, pterostigma (arrow) 30 P. appendiculata DEI-GISHym 31500, claw 31 P. opaca holotype, claw 32 P. subopaca holotype, claw 33 P. armata DEI-GISHym 11554, claw 34 P. bifida DEI-GISHym 31507, claw 35 P. frigida NHRS-HEVA 000005006, flagellum with barely visible stout black setae (arrows) 36 P. pusilla DEI-GISHym 80050, flagellum with clearly visible stout black setae." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures18-36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100808" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">28</figureCitation>
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), but unlike in
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. subopaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="subopaca">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. subopaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in which it is uniformly yellow (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–36" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 36. 18 P. albitibia DEI-GISHym 31514, thorax in lateral view 19 P. luteipes DEI-GISHym 80038, thorax in lateral view 20 P. astragali holotype, thorax in lateral view 21 P. leucopus DEI-GISHym 31556, lateral 22 P. leucopus DEI-GISHym 4989, lateral 23 P. luteipes DEI-GISHym 80038, lateral 24 P. luteipes DEI-GISHym 80038, flagellum 25 P. ruficornis DEI-GISHym 31185, flagellum 26 P. armata DEI-GISHym 11092 27 P. subopaca holotype, pterostigma (arrow) 28 P. opaca holotype, pterostigma (arrow) 29 P. ruficornis DEI-GISHym 31185, pterostigma (arrow) 30 P. appendiculata DEI-GISHym 31500, claw 31 P. opaca holotype, claw 32 P. subopaca holotype, claw 33 P. armata DEI-GISHym 11554, claw 34 P. bifida DEI-GISHym 31507, claw 35 P. frigida NHRS-HEVA 000005006, flagellum with barely visible stout black setae (arrows) 36 P. pusilla DEI-GISHym 80050, flagellum with clearly visible stout black setae." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures18-36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100808" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">27</figureCitation>
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). In
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. armata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="armata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. armata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. leucopus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="leucopus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. leucopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the pterostigma is usually dark brown (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–36" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 36. 18 P. albitibia DEI-GISHym 31514, thorax in lateral view 19 P. luteipes DEI-GISHym 80038, thorax in lateral view 20 P. astragali holotype, thorax in lateral view 21 P. leucopus DEI-GISHym 31556, lateral 22 P. leucopus DEI-GISHym 4989, lateral 23 P. luteipes DEI-GISHym 80038, lateral 24 P. luteipes DEI-GISHym 80038, flagellum 25 P. ruficornis DEI-GISHym 31185, flagellum 26 P. armata DEI-GISHym 11092 27 P. subopaca holotype, pterostigma (arrow) 28 P. opaca holotype, pterostigma (arrow) 29 P. ruficornis DEI-GISHym 31185, pterostigma (arrow) 30 P. appendiculata DEI-GISHym 31500, claw 31 P. opaca holotype, claw 32 P. subopaca holotype, claw 33 P. armata DEI-GISHym 11554, claw 34 P. bifida DEI-GISHym 31507, claw 35 P. frigida NHRS-HEVA 000005006, flagellum with barely visible stout black setae (arrows) 36 P. pusilla DEI-GISHym 80050, flagellum with clearly visible stout black setae." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures18-36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100808" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">29</figureCitation>
|
||
), but sometimes the pterostigma can have more or less the same colour as in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. confusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="confusa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. confusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In this case, small differences in the lancet can help distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. confusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="confusa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. confusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. armata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. armata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. leucopus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="leucopus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. leucopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as ctenidia tend to be more distinct in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. confusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="confusa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. confusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 54–57" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 54 - 57. Lancets of Pristiphora armata subgroup. 54 P. leucopus PR. 393 VV, summer morph 55 P. leucopus PR. 467 VV reared ex larva from Tilia sp. 56 Nematus armatus Thomson syntype specimen 8 (X 112) 57 P. armata DEI-GISHym 20366." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures54-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100813" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">54-57</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 62–65" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 62 - 65. Lancets of Pristiphora aphantoneura subgroup. 62 P. confusa holotype 63 P. confusa PR. 544 VV reared ex larva from Salix caprea 64 P. opaca DEI-GISHym 80032 (presence of a fold is indicated by an arrow) 65 P. opaca PR. 389 VV." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures62-65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100815" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">62-63</figureCitation>
|
||
). Among the males, the most similar penis valves are of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. subopaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="subopaca">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. subopaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The ventro-apical spine in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. confusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="confusa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. confusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is barely bent and the pseudoceps is narrower compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. subopaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="subopaca">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. subopaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 87–96" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figures 87 - 96. Penis valves of Pristiphora ruficornis group. 87 P. bifida DEI-GISHym 80000 (arrow indicates a dorsal depression of the pseudoceps) 88 P. frigida NHRS-HEVA 000003861 (arrow indicates a membranous fold near the tip of the ventro-apical spine) 89 P. confusa DEI-GISHym 31265 90 P. confusa PR. 460 VV 91 P. subopaca DEI-GISHym 80030, left penis valve 92 P. subopaca paratype http: // id. luomus. fi / GL. 5203 93 P. pusilla DEI-GISHym 80029, left penis valve with strong dorsal depression of the pseudoceps (arrow) 94 P. pusilla DEI-GISHym 80029, right penis valve with weak dorsal depression of the pseudoceps 95 P. opaca PR. 459 VV 96 P. opaca http: // id. luomus. fi / GL. 5206, paratype of P. amaura Lindqvist." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figures87-96" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100820" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">89-92</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="genetic data">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Genetic data.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Based on COI barcode sequences,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. confusa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="confusa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. confusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to the same BIN cluster (BOLD:AAG3568) as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. aphantoneura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="aphantoneura">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. aphantoneura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. bifida" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="bifida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. bifida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. luteipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="luteipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. luteipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="opaca">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. opaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. pusilla" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. staudingeri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="staudingeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. staudingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. subopaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="subopaca">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. subopaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree of Pristiphora ruficornis group based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences (1078 bp). Specimens that had at least the full barcode sequence (658 bp) were included in the analysis. Branches with multiple specimen identification labels represent identical sequences, only one of which was used in the analysis. Numbers on the nodes show approximate likelihood-ratio test (aLRT) support values and bootstrap proportions (%, BP). Support values for weakly supported branches (aLRT <0.9 and / or BP <70) are not shown. The inset shows the tree with outgroup species. The scale bar shows the number of estimated substitutions per nucleotide position. An asterisk (*) indicates the specimens that we have not studied. AUT, Austria; CAN, Canada; CHN, China; DEU, Germany; ESP, Spain; EST, Estonia; FIN, Finland; FRA, France; GBR, United Kingdom; ITA, Italy; MAR, Morocco; NOR, Norway; PRT, Portugal; SWE, Sweden; USA, United States of America. NUMTs?, possible nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100805" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The nearest neighbour (BOLD:AAQ2302,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. armata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="armata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. armata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Tenthredinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. leucopus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="leucopus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. leucopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is 2.76% different. Two available TPI sequences (one male and one heterozygous female) group weakly together and can be distinguished from other species (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum likelihood tree of Pristiphora ruficornis group based on triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI) sequences (alignment length 842 bp). Branches with multiple specimen identification labels represent identical sequences, only one of which was used in the analysis. Numbers on the nodes show approximate likelihood-ratio test (aLRT) support values and bootstrap proportions (%, BP). Support values for weakly supported branches (aLRT <0.9 and / or BP <70) are not shown. The scale bar shows the number of estimated substitutions per nucleotide position." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.51.9162.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/100806" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="host">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Host plants.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix caprea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caprea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Salix caprea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kangas, JK" journalOrPublisher="Paelkaene- Seuran julkaisuja" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 113" refId="B41" refString="Kangas, JK, 1985. Paelkaeneen Sahapistiaeisfauna 1953-1983. Paelkaene- Seuran julkaisuja 5: 1 - 113" title="Paelkaeneen Sahapistiaeisfauna 1953 - 1983." volume="5" year="1985">Kangas 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix fragilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Salix fragilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Benson, RB" journalOrPublisher="Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="139 - 258" refId="B6" refString="Benson, RB, 1958. Hymenoptera, Symphyta. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 6: 139 - 258" title="Hymenoptera, Symphyta." volume="6" year="1958">Benson 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix phylicifolia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phylicifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Salix phylicifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Benson, RB" journalOrPublisher="Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="139 - 258" refId="B6" refString="Benson, RB, 1958. Hymenoptera, Symphyta. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 6: 139 - 258" title="Hymenoptera, Symphyta." volume="6" year="1958">Benson 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Distribution and material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Western Palaearctic. Specimens studied are from
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Estonia">Estonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Finland">Finland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="France">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Sweden">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Switzerland">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |