188 lines
18 KiB
XML
188 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="BA5C7B82C5EB63AB033FCE7AAB859576" ID-CLB-Dataset="21272" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05d1bac2-fe53-42ba-a04d-bc4828adaf4e" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3990100" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1597771971732" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Liseki, Steven D. & Vane-Wright, Richard I." docDate="2015" docId="03E687FCFFB7FF944958FC7DFE68F9B9" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.50.13-14.865-904.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 50" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Charaxes (Charaxes) castor subsp. flavifasciatus Butler 1895" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="888" masterDocId="FFDFFF84FFA0FF834804FFE3FFBEFFB1" masterDocTitle="Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae" masterLastPageNumber="904" masterPageNumber="865" pageNumber="888" updateTime="1698844713879" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D3AD51C3B45CE4A538C8D4AD4C5D9015">
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<mods:title id="4A00ADB3051DDF9D48BAEBE007A28323">Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Mount Kilimanjaro: Nymphalidae subfamilies Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae and Charaxinae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="D1C608451CB462CE32550243AD94F68A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B80CCDCFC2F48B53869903A525F62207">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0033497C130485BE4AF661BB929C6220">Liseki, Steven D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1C3022BB3FB3911179D95CDB592BC696">Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania; & Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="BE149EF25463938143F907A60DD852D0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DCDEEBDBE934904DCAE9160C8AE08989">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F110C1DE64E7B0EB2B87AC681545EF2D">Vane-Wright, Richard I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="587373C9B17381CDA013A14604459266">Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; & Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; & School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BC2D79B4F223C1D040002E3E261C6CA0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3162641DD14A3AAF2952C70A33B1DE62">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3DF42635B3BF5EE346F027C9995440C8">
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<mods:date id="218B476A9DA06A67AE3C03E03F4D3A5C">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FFB7CB439EB88CEB6B8DBD81CA45210B">2015-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CF9E5832EAE23F1F1554B5F8911585C0">50</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="0B5927239939D1A71124E4C762DFB42E">865</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="52F0C6DECEF6B32203422705A7FAB95C">904</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="096514E79FCB1CF62E071454FB5A0E08">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="D2A40F3D611A8536B06C2BDFC7786616" type="CLB-Dataset">21272</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D3A3A02742FAD3929BE7DA7A244791C0" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2015.1091106</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E687FCFFB7FF944958FC7DFE68F9B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4339158" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167186703" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4339158" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB7FF944958FC7DFE68F9B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E687FCFFB7FF944958FC7DFE68F9B9" lastPageNumber="888" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">
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<subSubSection id="C3556561FFB7FF944958FC7DFD34FC5A" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB7FF944958FC7DFC79FC06" blockId="23.[348,967,926,951]" box="[348,967,926,951]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">
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<heading id="D0B88186FFB7FF944958FC7DFC79FC06" box="[348,967,926,951]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D69FFB7FF944958FC7DFC79FC06" ID-CoL="5GDN3" authority="Butler, 1895" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1895" box="[348,967,926,951]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Charaxes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="castor" subGenus="Charaxes" subSpecies="flavifasciatus">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF944958FC7DFE7AFC06" box="[348,452,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Charaxes</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF9449D1FC7DFD83FC06" box="[469,573,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Charaxes</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF944A4AFC7DFC8FFC06" box="[590,817,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">castor flavifasciatus</emphasis>
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Butler, 1895
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB7FF9448A4FC30FD34FC5A" blockId="23.[160,1155,979,1107]" box="[160,650,979,1003]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB7FF9448A4FC30FED7FC5A" author="Henning SF" box="[160,361,979,1003]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" refId="ref22224" refString="Henning SF. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe." type="book" year="1989">Henning 1989: 98</bibRefCitation>
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(4 figs). SI: Figure 23a
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF944A63FC30FDCAFC5A" box="[615,628,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">–</emphasis>
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d.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3556561FFB7FF9448A4FC15FE68F9B9" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB7FF9448A4FC15FC9BFBE2" blockId="23.[160,1155,979,1107]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">
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Forewing length: male
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB7FF9449B4FC15FDECFBBF" box="[432,594,1013,1038]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.15" metricValueMin="4.35" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="51.5" valueMin="43.5">
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43.5
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF9449DAFC16FE55FBBC" box="[478,491,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">–</emphasis>
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51.5 mm
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</quantity>
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||
[mean (
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF944AB3FC15FD7BFBBF" box="[695,709,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">n</emphasis>
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= 12)
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||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB7FF944B1DFC15FC2EFBBF" box="[793,912,1014,1038]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7299999999999995" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" unit="mm" value="47.3">47.30 mm</quantity>
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, SD = 1.954]; female
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB7FF9448C4FBFBFEE0FB81" box="[192,350,1048,1072]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="5.85" metricValueMin="5.15" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="58.5" valueMin="51.5">
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||
51.5
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF9448EBFBFBFF42FB81" box="[239,252,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">–</emphasis>
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||
58.5 mm
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||
</quantity>
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||
[mean (
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF9449B8FBFBFE74FB81" box="[444,458,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">n</emphasis>
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||
= 7)
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||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB7FF944A02FBFBFDC7FB81" box="[518,633,1048,1072]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.459" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" unit="mm" value="54.59">54.59 mm</quantity>
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, SD = 1.793].
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB7FF944B16FBFBFC52FB81" author="van Someren VGL" box="[786,1004,1048,1072]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" pagination="181 - 226" refId="ref24170" refString="van Someren VGL. 1971. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VII. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 26: 181 - 226, 11 pls." type="book chapter" year="1971">van Someren (1971</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 187) gave male forewing length as
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||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB7FF9449DAFBD8FDE4FBE2" box="[478,602,1083,1107]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" unit="mm" value="46.5" valueMax="49.0" valueMin="44.0">
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||
44
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF9449FEFBD8FDB9FBE2" box="[506,519,1083,1107]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">–</emphasis>
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||
49 mm
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||
</quantity>
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||
, female as 50
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF944AF2FBD8FCBDFBE2" box="[758,771,1083,1107]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">–</emphasis>
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||
55.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB7FF9448A4FB77FF42FB1F" blockId="23.[160,1156,1172,1544]" box="[160,252,1172,1198]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">
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<heading id="D0B88186FFB7FF9448A4FB77FF42FB1F" box="[160,252,1172,1198]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" reason="5">
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||
<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF9448A4FB77FF42FB1F" bold="true" box="[160,252,1172,1198]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" reason="3">Records</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF036EAFFB7FF9448A4FB5BFE68F9B9" blockId="23.[160,1156,1172,1544]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB7FF9448A4FB5BFE81FB61" author="Kielland J" box="[160,319,1208,1232]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" refId="ref22372" refString="Kielland J. 1990. Butterflies of Tanzania. Melbourne: Hill House." type="book" year="1990">Kielland (1990</bibRefCitation>
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||
, p. 98) states that
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF944A0BFB5BFD82FB61" box="[527,572,1208,1232]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">C. c.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB7FF944A47FB5BFBB1FAA7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026364" country="Tanzania" elevation="2000" location="Kilimanjaro" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF944A47FB5BFD71FB61" box="[579,719,1208,1232]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">flavifasciatus</emphasis>
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is found in northern and eastern parts of
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<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB7FF9448BAFB38FE9AFB42" box="[190,292,1243,1267]" name="Tanzania" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, in woodlands, forests and coastal shrubland, at altitudes up to
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<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB7FF944BF5FB38FBF9FB42" box="[1009,1095,1243,1267]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" unit="m" value="2000.0">
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||
<elevation id="0062D1D9FFB7FF944BF5FB38FBF9FB42" box="[1009,1095,1243,1267]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, with its range said to include the
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF9449FEFB1DFDBEFAA7" box="[506,512,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">‘</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB7FF944A04FB1DFDC0FAA7" box="[512,638,1278,1302]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
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area
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<emphasis id="B93BEAF8FFB7FF944ABDFB1DFD01FAA7" box="[697,703,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">’</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB7FF944AD4FB1DFC12FAA7" author="van Someren VGL" box="[720,940,1278,1302]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" pagination="181 - 226" refId="ref24170" refString="van Someren VGL. 1971. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VII. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 26: 181 - 226, 11 pls." type="book chapter" year="1971">van Someren 1971</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 188)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB7FF944C1AFB1DFF70FAEA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026307" collectorName="Rogers" country="Tanzania" location="The" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taita/Taveta">
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<location id="8E906031FFB7FF944C1AFB1DFBF9FAA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB7FF944958FC7DFE68F9B9:8E906031FFB7FF944C1AFB1DFBF9FAA7" box="[1054,1095,1278,1302]" country="Tanzania" name="The" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" stateProvince="Taita/Taveta">The</location>
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||
only certain material we have located comprises three males from
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<collectingRegion id="498BF808FFB7FF944B52FAC3FC1EFA89" box="[854,928,1312,1336]" country="Kenya" name="Taita/Taveta" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Taveta</collectingRegion>
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||
collected by
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<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB7FF944C33FAC3FB3AFA89" box="[1079,1156,1312,1336]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Rogers</collectorName>
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||
at c
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</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB7FF9448D8FAA0FD25FAEA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026362" box="[220,667,1347,1371]" collectingDate="1905-04" collectingDateMax="1905-05-31" collectingDateMin="1905-04" collectionCode="OUMNH" country="Tanzania" elevation="762" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taita/Taveta">
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||
<quantity id="4CB79B0FFFB7FF9448D8FAA0FE8EFAEA" box="[220,304,1347,1371]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" unit="ft" value="2500.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0062D1D9FFB7FF9448D8FAA0FE8EFAEA" box="[220,304,1347,1371]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2500 ft</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
|
||
,
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||
<date id="FFF1102AFFB7FF94493AFAA0FD9DFAEA" box="[318,547,1347,1371]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" value="1905-04" valueMax="1905-05-31" valueMin="1905-04-00">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB5E9C2FFB7FF94493AFAA0FD9DFAEA" box="[318,547,1347,1371]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" value="1905-04" valueMax="1905-05-31" valueMin="1905-04-00">April and May 1905</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5EAE2FFFB7FF944A37FAA0FD2BFAEA" box="[563,661,1347,1371]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">OUMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB7FF944AACFAA0FE8CFACF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026328" country="Tanzania" location="Included" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Taita/Taveta">
|
||
<location id="8E906031FFB7FF944AACFAA0FCB4FAEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB7FF944958FC7DFE68F9B9:8E906031FFB7FF944AACFAA0FCB4FAEA" box="[680,778,1347,1371]" country="Tanzania" name="Included" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" stateProvince="Taita/Taveta">Included</location>
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here as a member of the lower slopes fauna
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB7FF94493AFA85FD34FA11" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026360" collectorName="Natal & Transvaal" country="Kenya" location="east African" municipality="More" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" specimenCount="1">
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B94AC90FFB7FF94493AFA85FEC6FACF" box="[318,376,1382,1406]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">More</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
widely this
|
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<location id="8E906031FFB7FF944A02FA85FD32FACF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB7FF944958FC7DFE68F9B9:8E906031FFB7FF944A02FA85FD32FACF" box="[518,652,1382,1406]" country="Kenya" municipality="More" name="east African" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">east African</location>
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subspecies extends northwards into
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<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB7FF944C3EFA85FB3FFACF" box="[1082,1153,1382,1406]" name="Kenya" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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||
, and south as far as
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB7FF944999FA6BFE69FA11" box="[413,471,1416,1440]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Natal</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
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<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB7FF944A1AFA6BFD34FA11" box="[542,650,1416,1440]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Transvaal</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B273CB7FFB7FF944A9FFA6BFE6CF9B9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2832026350" collectorName="Grand Comore & Pemba" country="Ethiopia" location="western Africa" municipality="The" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B94AC90FFB7FF944A9FFA6BFD7AFA11" box="[667,708,1416,1440]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">The</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
nominate subspecies extends widely throughout central and
|
||
<location id="8E906031FFB7FF9449B1FA48FDE4FA72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687FCFFB7FF944958FC7DFE68F9B9:8E906031FFB7FF9449B1FA48FDE4FA72" box="[437,602,1451,1475]" country="Ethiopia" municipality="The" name="western Africa" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">western Africa</location>
|
||
, and to the north in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358767AFFB7FF944B4AFA48FC14FA72" box="[846,938,1451,1475]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(which may represent a separate taxon); local endemic insular races occur on
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB7FF944B57FA2DFC47FA57" box="[851,1017,1486,1510]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Grand Comore</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26BA533CFFB7FF944C31FA2DFB3DFA57" box="[1077,1155,1486,1510]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888">Pemba</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B1BFFB7FF9448A2FA13FECDF9B9" author="Ackery PR & Smith CR & Vane-Wright RI" box="[166,371,1520,1544]" pageId="23" pageNumber="888" refId="ref20969" refString="Ackery PR, Smith CR, Vane-Wright RI, editors. 1995. Carcasson ' s African Butterflies: an annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. East Melbourne: CSIRO." type="book" year="1995">Ackery et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 437)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |