416 lines
48 KiB
XML
416 lines
48 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="556C585048FC56C25E2923BCB3EF9E7C">A taxonomic revision of geoemydid turtles from Siwalik-age of India and Pakistan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="42E05A67B9403531EE4135F6B2BD9956">Garbin, Rafaella C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2FCCDD86964DAA41875273153AF9B5B4">Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg; Chemin du Musée 6, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: A 8 FCEF 2 B- 7524 - 46 C 3 - 808 C-D 9 CBFBC 08017 & Corresponding author: garbin. rafaella @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="37D94E97987C77E5EEEC16A23215DFDD" type="email">garbin.rafaella@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9547BCEDB0FF0544A2F9EA941B761D4B">Bandyopadhyay, Saswati</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="09D201627FB85D9ADDF506815637DDB7">Geological Studies Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata; Barrackpore Trunk Road 233, Kolkata, India. & Email: saswati @ isical. ac. in & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 02005 D 35 - 6 DA 9 - 4 A 7 E-B 838 - 16 F 4 FEF 108 DA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E1D5B15FF78F13DA3B8B6F7BCA30C430" type="email">saswati@isical.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6640C2043933BEF17F536528BAA80762">Joyce, Walter G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C49E566A21EB189F4295D6812AD3C4E0">Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg; Chemin du Musée 6, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. & Email: walter. joyce @ unifr. ch & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: C 30 D 317 A- 0029 - 439 C- 8446 - 31281771 ADA 5</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8DA770C456FB7A3171A61E20110371D0" type="email">walter.joyce@unifr.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="AE167A017DC5A42F444E55F83FBDFB8E">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C0336F7809CC67D843C587222D2C64E8">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C7CF0BC03B1D66FDB3AF5BFAD695C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3861113" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164362569" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3861113" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C7CF0BC03B1D66FDB3AF5BFAD695C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C7CF0BC03B1D66FDB3AF5BFAD695C3" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="C3742D96C03B1D7BFDB3AF5BFC75915B" box="[610,978,1618,1645]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFDB3AF5BFC75915B" blockId="15.[610,978,1618,1680]" box="[610,978,1618,1645]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="D099C971C03B1D7BFDB3AF5BFC75915B" box="[610,978,1618,1645]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC03B1D7BFDB3AF5BFC75915B" authority="(Gray, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[610,978,1618,1645]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kachuga">
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<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFDB3AF5BFC93915B" bold="true" box="[610,820,1618,1645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Batagur kachuga</emphasis>
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(Gray, 1831)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3742D96C03B1D7BFD09AF7EFCFB91A6" box="[728,860,1654,1680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFD09AF7EFCFB91A6" blockId="15.[610,978,1618,1680]" box="[728,860,1654,1680]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<figureCitation id="13556298C03B1D7BFD09AF7EFCFB91A6" box="[728,860,1654,1680]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="17.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionStartId-1="18.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[193,1394,353,1886]" captionTargetBox-1="[193,1395,842,1895]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[189,1398,345,1893]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[189,1398,837,1897]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionText-0="Fig. 12. BMNH 39835a, holotype of Batagur bakeri Lydekker, 1885, here identified as synonym of Batagur kachuga (Gray, 1831). A. Photograph of carapace. B. Illustration of carapace. C. Photograph of plastron. D. Illustration of plastron. Scale bar: 3 cm." captionText-1="Fig. 13. BMNH R.891, referred to Cachuga lineata (Gray, 1831) by Lydekker (1889b), here identified as Batagur kachuga (Gray, 1831). A. Photograph of carapace. B. Illustration of carapace. C. Photograph of plastron. D. Illustration of plastron. Scale bar: 3 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860264" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860266" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3860264/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3860266/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 12–13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3742D96C03B1D64FF6CAFB1FDDD9685" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFF6CAFB1FDB591E4" blockId="15.[189,638,1720,1890]" box="[189,530,1720,1746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C03B1D7BFF6CAFB1FDAB91E4" box="[189,524,1720,1746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC03B1D7BFF6CAFB1FDAB91E4" box="[189,524,1720,1746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC03B1D7BFF6CAFB1FDAB91E4" authority="Gray, 1831 c: 9" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1831" box="[189,524,1720,1746]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydidae" genus="Emys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
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<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFF6CAFB1FEF291E4" box="[189,341,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Emys lineata</emphasis>
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Gray, 1831c: 9
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFF6CAFD5FDFE91C0" blockId="15.[189,638,1720,1890]" box="[189,601,1756,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C03B1D7BFF6CAFD5FDF291C0" box="[189,597,1756,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC03B1D7BFF6CAFD5FDF291C0" box="[189,597,1756,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC03B1D7BFF6CAFD5FDA391C0" authority="Gray, 1831 b" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" box="[189,516,1756,1782]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydidae" genus="Emys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kachuga">
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<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFF6CAFD5FEC091C0" box="[189,359,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Emys kachuga</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC03B1D7BFEBEAFD4FDA391C0" author="Gray J. E." box="[367,516,1756,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref23731" refString="Gray J. E. 1831 b. Illustrations of Indian Zoology, Chiefly Selected from the Collection of Major-General Hardwicke. Vol I, part V. Treuttel, Wurtz, Treuttel jun. and Richter, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 95127" type="book" year="1831">Gray, 1831b</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: pl. 74
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFF6CAE09FD92902C" blockId="15.[189,638,1720,1890]" box="[189,565,1792,1818]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C03B1D7BFF6CAE09FD92902C" box="[189,565,1792,1818]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC03B1D7BFF6CAE09FD95902C" author="Gray J. E." box="[189,562,1792,1818]" page="264" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1862">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC03B1D7BFF6CAE09FD95902C" authority="Gray, 1862: 264" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="264" authorityYear="1862" box="[189,562,1792,1818]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ellioti">
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<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFF6CAE09FECF902C" box="[189,360,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Batagur ellioti</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC03B1D7BFEA1AE08FD95902C" author="Gray J. E." box="[368,562,1792,1818]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="253" refId="ref23932" refString="Gray J. E. 1862. Notice of a new species of Batagur from North-Western India. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1863: 253." type="journal article" year="1862">Gray, 1862: 264</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFF6CAE2BFDD59008" blockId="15.[189,638,1720,1890]" box="[189,626,1827,1854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C03B1D7BFF6CAE2BFDD59008" box="[189,626,1827,1854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC03B1D7BFF6CAE2BFD859008" author="Gray J. E." box="[189,546,1827,1854]" page="56" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1870">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC03B1D7BFF6CAE2BFD859008" ID-CoL="6NJ54" authority="Gray, 1870: 56" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="56" authorityYear="1870" box="[189,546,1827,1854]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Kachuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fusca">
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||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFF6CAE2BFECB9008" box="[189,364,1827,1854]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kachuga fusca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC03B1D7BFEA2AE2CFD859008" author="Gray J. E." box="[371,546,1827,1854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref24024" refString="Gray J. E. 1870. Supplement to the Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British Museum, Part I - Testudinata (Tortoises) with figures of the skulls of 36 genera. Order of the Trustees, London." type="book" year="1870">Gray, 1870: 56</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(part).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFF6CAE40FDD99057" blockId="15.[189,638,1720,1890]" box="[189,638,1863,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C03B1D7BFF6CAE40FDD99057" box="[189,638,1863,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC03B1D7BFF6CAE40FDDE9057" author="Lydekker R." box="[189,633,1863,1890]" page="190" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1885">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC03B1D7BFF6CAE40FDDE9057" authority="Lydekker, 1885 a: 190" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityPageNumber="190" authorityYear="1885" box="[189,633,1863,1890]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFF6CAE40FEC89057" box="[189,367,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Batagur bakeri</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC03B1D7BFEA6AE4FFDDE9057" author="Lydekker R." box="[375,633,1863,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="155 - 208" refId="ref24414" refString="Lydekker R. 1885 a. Indian Tertiary and post-Tertiary Vertebrata, Part III - Siwalik and Narbada Chelonia. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica 10 (3): 155 - 208." type="journal article" year="1885">Lydekker, 1885a: 190</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFF6CAE81FCB39095" blockId="15.[189,788,1929,2027]" box="[189,788,1929,1956]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C03B1D7BFF6CAE81FCB39095" box="[189,788,1929,1956]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC03B1D7BFF6CAE81FDA09095" box="[189,519,1929,1956]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydidae" genus="Clemmys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata" subGenus="Clemmys">
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||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFF6CAE81FE029095" box="[189,421,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Clemmys (Clemmys</emphasis>
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||
)
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||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFE67AE81FDA09095" box="[438,519,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">lineata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC03B1D7BFDF4AE81FCA89095" author="Fitzinger L. J." box="[549,783,1929,1956]" page="123" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1835">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC03B1D7BFDF4AE81FCA89095" author="Fitzinger L. J." box="[549,783,1929,1956]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="105 - 128" refId="ref23246" refString="Fitzinger L. J. 1835. Entwurf einer systematischen Anordnung der Schildkroten nach den Grundsatzen der naturlichen Methode. Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte 1: 105 - 128." type="journal article" year="1835">Fitzinger 1835: 123</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFF6CAEA6FD1390FE" blockId="15.[189,788,1929,2027]" box="[189,692,1965,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C03B1D7BFF6CAEA6FD1390FE" box="[189,692,1965,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC03B1D7BFF6CAEA6FED290F1" box="[189,373,1965,1991]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFF6CAEA6FED290F1" box="[189,373,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Batagur lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC03B1D7BFE42AEA5FD1790FE" box="[403,688,1965,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC03B1D7BFE42AEA5FDB790FE" author="Gray J. E." box="[403,528,1965,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref23879" refString="Gray J. E. 1856 (" 1855 "). Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British Museum, Part I - Testudinata (Tortoises). Order of the Trustees, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5491" type="book" year="1856">Gray 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(“1855”): 35
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC03B1D7BFF6CAEDAFDD290DD" blockId="15.[189,788,1929,2027]" box="[189,629,2001,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C03B1D7BFF6CAEDAFDD290DD" box="[189,629,2001,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC03B1D7BFF6CAEDAFE3F90DD" box="[189,408,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC03B1D7BFF6CAEDAFE2690DD" box="[189,385,2001,2027]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineatus">Batagur lineatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC03B1D7BFE4EAED9FDD690DD" author="Gunther A. C. L. G." box="[415,625,2001,2027]" page="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1864">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC03B1D7BFE4EAED9FDD690DD" author="Gunther A. C. L. G." box="[415,625,2001,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref24069" refString="Gunther A. C. L. G. 1864. The Reptiles of British India. Arment Biological Press, Landsville, PA. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5012" type="book" year="1864">Günther 1864: 39</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CA804FDC29613" blockId="16.[189,999,267,435]" box="[189,613,267,293]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C0241D64FF6CA804FDC29613" box="[189,613,267,293]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CA804FE209613" box="[189,391,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0241D64FF6CA804FED69613" box="[189,369,267,293]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elliotti">Batagur elliotti</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC0241D64FE5FA803FDC69613" author="Gunther A. C. L. G." box="[398,609,267,293]" page="40" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1864">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FE5FA803FDC69613" author="Gunther A. C. L. G." box="[398,609,267,293]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref24069" refString="Gunther A. C. L. G. 1864. The Reptiles of British India. Arment Biological Press, Landsville, PA. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5012" type="book" year="1864">Günther 1864: 40</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CA827FDC6967F" blockId="16.[189,999,267,435]" box="[189,609,303,330]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C0241D64FF6CA827FDC6967F" box="[189,609,303,330]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CA827FE2C967F" box="[189,395,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0241D64FF6CA827FED3967F" box="[189,372,303,329]" class="Reptilia" family="Emydidae" genus="Clemmys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ellioti">Clemmys ellioti</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC0241D64FE43A827FDF9967F" author="Strauch A." box="[402,606,303,330]" page="88" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1865">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FE43A827FDF9967F" author="Strauch A." box="[402,606,303,330]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 207" refId="ref25724" refString="Strauch A. 1865. Die Vertheilung der Schildkroten uber den Erdball - ein Zoogeographischer Versuch. Memoires de l'Academie imperiale des Sciences de St. - Petersbourg, 7 ieme serie 8 (13): 1 - 207. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12477" type="journal article" year="1865">Strauch 1865: 88</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CA85AFDE9965B" blockId="16.[189,999,267,435]" box="[189,590,338,365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C0241D64FF6CA85AFDE9965B" box="[189,590,338,365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CA85AFE31965A" box="[189,406,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0241D64FF6CA85AFED8965A" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[189,383,338,364]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Kachuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">Kachuga lineata</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC0241D64FE4CA85AFDED965B" author="Gray J. E." box="[413,586,338,365]" page="56" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1870">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FE4CA85AFDED965B" author="Gray J. E." box="[413,586,338,365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref24024" refString="Gray J. E. 1870. Supplement to the Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British Museum, Part I - Testudinata (Tortoises) with figures of the skulls of 36 genera. Order of the Trustees, London." type="book" year="1870">Gray 1870: 56</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CA87FFC4096A6" blockId="16.[189,999,267,435]" box="[189,999,374,400]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C0241D64FF6CA87FFC4096A6" box="[189,999,374,400]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CA87FFE3996A6" box="[189,414,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0241D64FF6CA87FFE2096A6" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[189,391,374,400]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kachuga">Batagur kachuga</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC0241D64FE74A87EFD2296A6" author="Theobald W." box="[421,645,374,400]" page="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1876">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FE74A87EFD2296A6" author="Theobald W." box="[421,645,374,400]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref25896" refString="Theobald W. 1876. Descriptive Catalogue of the Reptiles of British India. Thacker, Spink and Co, Kolkata. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 54001" type="book" year="1876">Theobald 1876: 19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC0241D64FD67A87EFC4496A6" author="Praschag P. & Hundsdorfer A. K. & Fritz U." box="[694,995,374,400]" page="439" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FD67A87EFC4496A6" author="Praschag P. & Hundsdorfer A. K. & Fritz U." box="[694,995,374,400]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="429 - 442" refId="ref25411" refString="Praschag P., Hundsdorfer A. K. & Fritz U. 2007. Phylogeny and taxonomy of endangered South and South-east Asian freshwater turtles elucidated by mtDNA sequence variaton (Testudines: Geoemydidae: Batagur, Callagur, Hardella, Kachuga, Pangshura). Zoologica Scripta 36: 429 - 442. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2007.00293. x" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Praschag
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FCF6A87FFCC696A6" box="[807,865,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007: 439
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CA891FDDD9685" blockId="16.[189,999,267,435]" box="[189,634,409,435]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7E5933C0241D64FF6CA891FDDD9685" box="[189,634,409,435]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CA891FE0F9685" box="[189,424,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0241D64FF6CA891FE369685" ID-CoL="6NJ4N" authority="kachuga" box="[189,401,409,435]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Kachuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kachuga">Kachuga kachuga</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ACF580CC0241D64FE7EA891FDD19685" author="Smith M. A." box="[431,630,409,435]" page="131" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1931">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FE7EA891FDD19685" author="Smith M. A." box="[431,630,409,435]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref25606" refString="Smith M. A. 1931. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma, Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. I - Loricata, Testudines. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1931">Smith 1931: 131</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3742D96C0241D64FF6CA8D3FE5E94AE" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CA8D3FF5D96C3" blockId="16.[189,250,475,501]" box="[189,250,475,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<heading id="D099C971C0241D64FF6CA8D3FF5D96C3" bold="true" box="[189,250,475,501]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CA8D3FF5D96C3" bold="true" box="[189,250,475,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D5C0BFC0241D64FF6CA8D3FF5D96C3" box="[189,250,475,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CAB02FE4A9512" blockId="16.[189,493,522,548]" box="[189,493,522,548]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Unknown (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FE91AB02FE479512" author="Iverson J. B." box="[320,480,522,548]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref24146" refString="Iverson J. B. 1992. A Revised Checklist with Distribution Maps of the Turtles of the World. Earlham College, privately printed, Richmond." type="book" year="1992">Iverson 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CAB43FE0D9553" blockId="16.[189,426,587,613]" box="[189,426,587,613]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<heading id="D099C971C0241D64FF6CAB43FE0D9553" bold="true" box="[189,426,587,613]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CAB43FE0D9553" bold="true" box="[189,426,587,613]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CAB72FB72958E" blockId="16.[189,1398,634,696]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B067440C0241D64FF6CAB72FE40958E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2626092309" collectionCode="BMNH" country="India" county="Pliocene" location="Siwalik Hills" municipality="Yamuna-Ganges River" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="BMNH 39835a" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3793E8DC0241D64FF6CAB72FEB795A2" box="[189,272,634,660]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D68B594C0241D64FEF4AB72FE0B95A2" box="[293,428,634,660]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0241D64FD90AB73FD5595A2" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1885" box="[577,754,634,660]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FD90AB73FD5595A2" box="[577,754,634,660]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Batagur bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8EB128C6C0241D64FCD1AB72FC3B95A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C7CF0BC03B1D66FDB3AF5BFAD695C3:8EB128C6C0241D64FCD1AB72FC3B95A2" box="[768,924,634,660]" country="India" county="Pliocene" municipality="Yamuna-Ganges River" name="Siwalik Hills" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Siwalik Hills</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A63673FC0241D64FC77AB72FB5095A2" box="[934,1271,634,660]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Yamuna-Ganges River basin</locationDeviation>
|
||
; Miocene– Pliocene;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC8D666C0241D64FEE0AB96FE40958E" box="[305,487,669,696]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">BMNH 39835a</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B067440C0241D64FDD1AB96FB75958E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2626092304" box="[512,1234,670,696]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="India" location="Siwalik Hills" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="BMNH R.891" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D68B594C0241D64FDD1AB96FD2E958E" box="[512,649,670,696]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8EB128C6C0241D64FD45AB96FC95958E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C7CF0BC03B1D66FDB3AF5BFAD695C3:8EB128C6C0241D64FD45AB96FC95958E" box="[660,818,670,696]" country="India" name="Siwalik Hills" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Siwalik Hills</location>
|
||
; Miocene–Pliocene;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC8D666C0241D64FBF9AB96FB75958E" box="[1064,1234,670,696]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">BMNH R.891</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CABD7FEFA95CF" blockId="16.[189,349,735,761]" box="[189,349,735,761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<heading id="D099C971C0241D64FF6CABD7FEFA95CF" bold="true" box="[189,349,735,761]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CABD7FEFA95CF" bold="true" box="[189,349,735,761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D5C0BFC0241D64FF6CABD7FF5D95CF" box="[189,250,735,761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CAA06FC14941E" blockId="16.[189,947,782,809]" box="[189,947,782,809]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
“
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3793E8DC0241D64FF19AA06FEAC941E" box="[200,267,782,808]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
”, restricted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FE6AAA06FDF0941E" author="Smith M. A." box="[443,599,782,808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref25606" refString="Smith M. A. 1931. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma, Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. I - Loricata, Testudines. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1931">Smith (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to “N.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3793E8DC0241D64FD7CAA06FD4B941E" box="[685,748,782,808]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FCD7AA06FC01941E" author="Iverson J. B." box="[774,934,782,808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref24146" refString="Iverson J. B. 1992. A Revised Checklist with Distribution Maps of the Turtles of the World. Earlham College, privately printed, Richmond." type="book" year="1992">Iverson 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CAA58FEE8945C" blockId="16.[189,335,848,874]" box="[189,335,848,874]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<heading id="D099C971C0241D64FF6CAA58FEE8945C" bold="true" box="[189,335,848,874]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CAA58FEE8945C" bold="true" box="[189,335,848,874]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CAA76FE5E94AE" blockId="16.[189,505,894,920]" box="[189,505,894,920]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Miocene/Pliocene–Recent.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3742D96C0241D64FF6CAAC8FDA99366" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CAAC8FCD094EC" blockId="16.[189,887,960,986]" box="[189,887,960,986]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<heading id="D099C971C0241D64FF6CAAC8FCD094EC" bold="true" box="[189,887,960,986]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CAAC8FCD094EC" bold="true" box="[189,887,960,986]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Differential osteological diagnosis using shell characters</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CAAF8FDA99366" blockId="16.[189,1399,1007,1104]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0241D64FF6CAAF8FE2E933F" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[189,393,1007,1033]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kachuga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CAAF8FE2E933F" box="[189,393,1007,1033]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Batagur kachuga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0241D64FC45AAF8FC53933F" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1856" box="[916,1012,1008,1033]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FC45AAF8FC53933F" box="[916,1012,1008,1033]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Batagur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of an elongated fourth vertebral scute that covers the fourth to eighth neural bones and second and third vertebral scutes with straight lateral margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3742D96C0241D66FF6CAD7FFAF496E0" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CAD7FFDF893A7" blockId="16.[189,607,1143,1169]" box="[189,607,1143,1169]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<heading id="D099C971C0241D64FF6CAD7FFDF893A7" bold="true" box="[189,607,1143,1169]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FF6CAD7FFDF893A7" bold="true" box="[189,607,1143,1169]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description of material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D64FF6CADAFFEC3902D" blockId="16.[189,1399,1190,1820]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
BMNH 39835a (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13556298C0241D64FE52ADAEFE7E93F7" box="[387,473,1190,1217]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,353,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[189,1398,345,1893]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 12. BMNH 39835a, holotype of Batagur bakeri Lydekker, 1885, here identified as synonym of Batagur kachuga (Gray, 1831). A. Photograph of carapace. B. Illustration of carapace. C. Photograph of plastron. D. Illustration of plastron. Scale bar: 3 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860264/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D5C0BFC0241D64FE3EADAEFDF193F6" box="[495,598,1190,1216]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0241D64FDACADAFFC8893F6" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1885" box="[637,815,1190,1216]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0241D64FDACADAFFC8893F6" box="[637,815,1190,1216]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Batagur bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– This specimen is from Miocene/Pliocene of the Siwalik Hills of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3793E8DC0241D64FEAEADC2FE1C93D2" box="[383,443,1226,1252]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Yamuna or Ganges River basins) and was presented to BMNH by General W.E. Baker. It was initially figured and described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FD2FADE5FC6A923E" author="Lydekker R." box="[766,973,1261,1288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="155 - 208" refId="ref24414" refString="Lydekker R. 1885 a. Indian Tertiary and post-Tertiary Vertebrata, Part III - Siwalik and Narbada Chelonia. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica 10 (3): 155 - 208." type="journal article" year="1885">Lydekker (1885a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 23.2). Our observations mostly agree with those of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FE7BAC19FD27921A" author="Lydekker R." box="[426,640,1297,1324]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="155 - 208" refId="ref24414" refString="Lydekker R. 1885 a. Indian Tertiary and post-Tertiary Vertebrata, Part III - Siwalik and Narbada Chelonia. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica 10 (3): 155 - 208." type="journal article" year="1885">Lydekker (1885a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, although we note an irregularity on the right side of the neural II/III contact and damage that must have incurred over the course of the last century to the anterior margin of the plastron. This is an almost complete specimen, with a well-preserved shell, and perhaps represents an adult female considering its large size (carapace length greater than
|
||
<quantity id="4C96D3F8C0241D64FBA0AC73FB1D92A0" box="[1137,1210,1403,1430]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
||
) compared with extant specimens. Most sulci and sutures are visible on the carapace, but only the sulci are apparent on the plastron. The specimen shows no signs of growth annuli or carapacial keels. The cervical scute is present and broader than long. The vertebral scutes are square shaped and with equidimensional anterior and posterior margins. The first vertebral scute has straight lateral margins, but lacks constrictions. The third vertebral scute is broader than long. All available neurals have anteriorly short sides, with exception of the left side of neural II, which displays an abnormality consisting of a supernumerary bone. The anterior margin of the fourth vertebral runs over neural IV. The bony bridge is well developed. The anterior plastron margin is not preserved anymore, but its original configuration is documented in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0241D64FF6CAFB2FE3391E3" author="Lydekker R." box="[189,404,1722,1749]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="155 - 208" refId="ref24414" refString="Lydekker R. 1885 a. Indian Tertiary and post-Tertiary Vertebrata, Part III - Siwalik and Narbada Chelonia. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologia Indica 10 (3): 155 - 208." type="journal article" year="1885">Lydekker (1885a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The pectoroabdominal sulcus with lateral notches suggests the former presence of longitudinal keels that did not intersected the hyo-hypoplastral suture. The anal portion of the plastron not preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0241D66FF6CAE4BFAF496E0" blockId="16.[189,1399,1859,2027]" lastBlockId="18.[189,1399,267,470]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
BMNH R.891 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13556298C0241D64FEBFAE4BFE67906B" box="[366,448,1859,1885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,842,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[189,1398,837,1897]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 13. BMNH R.891, referred to Cachuga lineata (Gray, 1831) by Lydekker (1889b), here identified as Batagur kachuga (Gray, 1831). A. Photograph of carapace. B. Illustration of carapace. C. Photograph of plastron. D. Illustration of plastron. Scale bar: 3 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860266/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
) – This specimen is from the Miocene/Pliocene of the Siwalik Hills, likely of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3793E8DC0241D64FAE2AE4BFAD5906B" box="[1331,1394,1859,1885]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and was presented to the British Museum by P.T. Cautley in 1840. It has not been figured previously. This specimen has an incomplete carapace and an almost complete plastron. The carapace consists only of neurals I–IV, a part of costals I–IV and some peripherals. There are no signs of carapacial keels or growth annuli, indicating that this is probably an adult specimen. Two large fontanelles are present, which suggests that this is perhaps a male individual. Neurals II and III are hexagonal with anteriorly short sides. The second and third vertebral scutes have straight lateral sides. The posterior margins of the first and second pleural scutes are straight and cross over costals II and IV, respectively. The anterior and posterior plastral margins are not preserved. A strong axillary notch is present. The entoplastron is not crossed by the humeropectoral sulcus. The hyo-hypoplastral suture contacts peripheral V and does not overlap the pectoroabdominal sulcus. Inguinal scutes are present that contact the femoral scutes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF112E95C0251D65FF6CAE81FC8790DD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860264" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3860264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3860264/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[189,232,1929,1955]" targetBox="[193,1394,353,1886]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0251D65FF6CAE81FC8790DD" blockId="17.[189,1398,1929,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0251D65FF6CAE81FEBB9095" bold="true" box="[189,284,1929,1955]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
|
||
BMNH 39835a, holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0251D65FD55AE82FBA79092" authority="Lydekker, 1885" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1885" box="[644,1024,1929,1956]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0251D65FD55AE82FC9D9092" box="[644,826,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Batagur bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
Lydekker, 1885
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, here identified as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0251D65FF6CAEA6FD8290F1" authority="(Gray, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[189,549,1965,1991]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kachuga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0251D65FF6CAEA6FE2190F1" box="[189,390,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Batagur kachuga</emphasis>
|
||
(Gray, 1831)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0251D65FDFEAEA5FDE390F1" bold="true" box="[559,580,1965,1991]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Photograph of carapace.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0251D65FCA2AEA5FC2090F1" bold="true" box="[883,903,1965,1991]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Illustration of carapace.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0251D65FB7FAEA5FB6490F1" bold="true" box="[1198,1219,1965,1991]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Photograph of plastron.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0251D65FEFBAED8FE9890DC" bold="true" box="[298,319,2000,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Illustration of plastron. Scale bar: 3 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3742D96C0261D66FF6CA8F5FAD695C3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0261D66FF6CA8F5FEE39521" blockId="18.[189,324,509,535]" box="[189,324,509,535]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<heading id="D099C971C0261D66FF6CA8F5FEE39521" bold="true" box="[189,324,509,535]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0261D66FF6CA8F5FEE39521" bold="true" box="[189,324,509,535]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD17E1DC0261D66FF6CAB24FAD695C3" blockId="18.[189,1399,555,758]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
We confirm the previously established identification of these two specimens as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0261D66FB86AB24FA879573" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[1111,1312,555,581]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kachuga">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0261D66FB86AB24FA879573" box="[1111,1312,555,581]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Batagur kachuga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, due to their large carapace size (greater than
|
||
<quantity id="4C96D3F8C0261D66FDA8AB46FD62955F" box="[633,709,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
||
), highly domed carapace (for BMNH 39835a), presence of a second vertebral that is as long as wide with straight lateral margins, a third vertebral that is hexagonal with short posterolateral sides (visible in BMNH 39835a), and a large plastron with medially converging humeropectoral sulci. This confirms the synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0261D66FCF2ABB1FC7295E4" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1885" box="[803,981,696,722]" class="Reptilia" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Batagur" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0261D66FCF2ABB1FC7295E4" box="[803,981,696,722]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Batagur bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E059EC0261D66FBC7ABB0FB7095E4" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[1046,1239,696,722]" class="Testudines" family="Geoemydidae" genus="Kachuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AA20FC0261D66FBC7ABB0FB7095E4" box="[1046,1239,696,722]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Kachuga lineata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as originally proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0261D66FE84ABD3FD8395C3" author="Boulenger G. A." box="[341,548,731,757]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref22539" refString="Boulenger G. A. 1889. Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London." type="book" year="1889">Boulenger (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and supported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF03ECC0261D66FD2CABD3FC7695C3" author="Lydekker R." box="[765,977,731,757]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="56 - 59" refId="ref24763" refString="Lydekker R. 1889 a. Notes on Siwalik and Narbada Chelonia. Records of the Geological Survey of India 22 (1): 56 - 59." type="journal article" year="1889">Lydekker (1889a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, TEWG (2015) and TTWG (2017).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |