936 lines
118 KiB
XML
936 lines
118 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="87FEBC5B8D85C3DD6E699AB219AB9484">A new Amazonian species of Rhaebo (Anura: Bufonidae) with comments on Rhaebo glaberrimus (Günther, 1869) and Rhaebo guttatus (Schneider, 1799)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F89148F046D13F421884C85721286997">Mueses-Cisneros, Jonh Jairo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="659A1DB4BCF04AF8D9EAC7C2B6EF9164">Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="014ED0B50D12989F72A9B7D60C92E831">Mcdiarmid, Roy W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="21C4D50ABD81D2CE17DE38CD961755EA">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A2878EFF93FFA92BC9FF732B3EFE8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5625557" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119524249" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5625557" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A2878EFF93FFA92BC9FF732B3EFE8D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A2878EFF93FFA92BC9FF732B3EFE8D" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="C3116513FF93FFA22BC9FF732D46FE89" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22BC9FF7328AEFF20" blockId="2.[151,510,151,210]" box="[151,510,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="D0FC81F4FF93FFA22BC9FF7328AEFF20" bold="true" box="[151,510,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22BC9FF7328AEFF20" bold="true" box="[151,510,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22BC9FF7328C9FF20" ID-CoL="4RY8Y" box="[151,409,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22BC9FF7328C9FF20" bold="true" box="[151,409,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C57F1FF93FFA22AFEFF7328AEFF20" box="[416,510,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22BC9FF5E287FFF43" blockId="2.[151,510,151,210]" box="[151,303,186,210]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22BC0FF5E2859FF43" box="[158,265,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1925,1948]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,337,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,337,1904]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, QCAZ 32715, adult female, 156.7 mm. SVL. Photos by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214921/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22A49FF5E2876FF43" box="[279,294,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[323,1263,180,1457]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1264,180,1457]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. in situ. (A) Dorsolateral view of Paratype, DHMECN 4667, adult male, 127.0 mm SVL. Photo by Mauricio Ortega; (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventral view of QCAZ 33237 from Pucayacu, Provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador (female juvenile 68.9 mm SVL); (D) dorsolateral and (E) ventral view of QCAZ 38113 from Napinaza, Provincia de Morona Santiago, Ecuador (adult male of 92.8 mm. SVL). Photos B – E by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">2</figureCitation>
|
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)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22BC9FEE62D46FE89" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,465]" box="[151,1046,258,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22BC9FEE628F1FE89" box="[151,417,258,280]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="guttatus" subSpecies="glaberrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22BC9FEE628F1FE89" box="[151,417,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Bufo guttatus glaberrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
―
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF93FFA22AE4FEE62B12FE89" author="Rivero" box="[442,578,258,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Rivero, J. A. (1961) Salientia of Venezuela. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 126, 1 - 207 + 1 plate." type="book chapter" year="1961">Rivero. 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 126: 21–22 (in part).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116513FF93FFA22BC9FEC52A67FE41" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22BC9FEC5281DFE02" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22BC9FEC5281AFEA6" ID-CoL="NP6D" box="[151,330,289,311]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaberrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22BC9FEC5281AFEA6" box="[151,330,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Bufo glaberrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
―
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF93FFA22A35FEC52B42FEA6" author="Duellman" box="[363,530,289,311]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Duellman, W. E. (1978) The Biology of an Equatorial Herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. University of Kansas Museum of Natural History Miscellaneous Publication, 65, 1 - 352." type="journal article" year="1978">Duellman. 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Univ. Kans. Misc. Publ. No. 65:116–17;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF93FFA2289FFEC52D07FEA6" author="Schluter" box="[961,1111,289,311]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Schluter, A. (1981) Erstnachweis von Bufo glaberrimus Gunther, 1868 fur Peru (Amphibia, Salientia, Bufonidae). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 16, 221 - 223." type="journal article" year="1981">Schlüter. 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. 16: 221; Lötters
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22A2AFEA528F9FEC7" box="[372,425,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000. Bonn. Zool. Beitr. 49:75–78;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF93FFA2287CFEA42D47FEC4" author="Cisneros-Heredia" box="[802,1047,320,342]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Cisneros-Heredia, D. F. (2003) Herpetofauna de la Estacion de Biodiversidad Tiputini, Amazonia Ecuatoriana. In: De la Torre, S. & Reck, G. (Eds), Ecologia y Ambiente en el Ecuador. Memorias I Congreso de Ecologia y Ambiente. Universidad San Francisco de Quito. Quito, pp 1 - 21." type="book chapter" year="2003">Cisneros-Heredia. 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Mem. I Cong. Ecología y Ambiente, Univ. San Francisco de Quito: 17;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF93FFA2296EFEBA2BAEFEE5" author="Schluter" box="[560,766,350,373]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Schluter, A., Icochea J. & Perez. J. M. (2004) Amphibians and reptiles of the lower Rio Llullapichis, Amazonian Peru: updated species list with ecological and biogeographical notes. Salamandra, 40 (2), 141 - 160." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Schlüter
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA229D2FE842B91FEE4" box="[652,705,351,373]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Salamandra. 40(2): 141–160;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF93FFA22F63FEBA2D80FEE5" author="Pramuk" box="[1085,1232,350,372]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Pramuk, J. B. (2006) Phylogeny of South American Bufo (Anura: Bufonidae) inferred from combined evidence. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 146, 407 - 452." type="journal article" year="2006">Pramuk. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 146:407,443.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22BC9FE782A67FE41" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22BC9FE782835FE23" ID-CoL="4RY8Z" box="[151,357,412,434]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaberrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22BC9FE782835FE23" box="[151,357,412,434]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Rhaebo glaberrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
―
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF93FFA22A21FE792B77FE20" author="Frost" box="[383,551,411,434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Frost, D. R., Grant, T., Faivovich, J., Haas, A., Haddad, C. F. B., Bain, R., De Sa, R. O., Donnellan, S. C., Raxworthy, C. J., Wilkinson, M., Hanning, A., Campbell, J. A., Blotto, B. L., Moler, P., Drewes, R. C., Nussbaum, R. A., Lynch, J. D., Green, D. & Wheeler, W. C. (2006) The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 297, 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Frost
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22AE7FE7928B5FE23" box="[441,485,412,434]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 365;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF93FFA228F6FE7F2D3AFE20" author="Pramuk" box="[936,1130,411,434]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Pramuk, J. B., Robertson, T., Sites Jr., J. W., & Noonan, B. P. (2007) Around the world in 10 million years: biogeography of the nearly cosmopolitan true toads (Anura: Bufonidae). Global Ecology and Biogeography, 17, 72 - 83" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Pramuk
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA228A2FE792D60FE23" box="[1020,1072,412,434]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Global Ecol. Biogeogr. 2007: App.S1.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF93FFA22A7EFE5E28B3FE41" author="Aguilar" box="[288,483,442,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Aguilar, C., Ramirez, C., Rivera, D., Siu-Ting, K., Suarez, J. & Torres, C. (2010) Anfibios andinos del Peru fuera de Areas Naturales Protegidas: amenazas y estado de conservacion. Revista Peruana de Biologia, 17 (1), 005 - 028. Almendariz, A. (1987) Contribucion al conocimento de la Herpetofauna Centroriental Ecuatoriana. Revista Politecnica, 12, 77 - 133." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Aguilar
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22A2AFE5F28F0FE41" box="[372,416,442,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Rev.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA2297EFE5F2B02FE41" box="[544,594,443,464]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
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. Biol. 17(1): 005–028.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C3116513FF93FFA22BC9FE192883FA08" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22BC9FE192B82FDCC" blockId="2.[151,1437,509,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22BC9FE19285DFD84" bold="true" box="[151,269,509,533]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
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<typeStatus id="54B0883AFF93FFA22BC9FE192858FD84" box="[151,264,509,533]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
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:
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</emphasis>
|
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<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22A4BFE192831FD84" box="[277,353,509,533]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
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32715(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22AE6FE192B48FD84" box="[440,536,509,533]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1925,1948]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,337,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,337,1904]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, QCAZ 32715, adult female, 156.7 mm. SVL. Photos by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214921/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), an adult female collected at km 38 of the YPF-Maxus road, Parque Nacional Yasuní, Provincia de Orellana,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22AADFDC52B00FDA8" box="[499,592,545,569]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22900FDC52BEFFDA8" box="[606,703,545,569]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1423,1446]" captionTargetBox="[175,1415,435,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1402]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. 1. Estación Biológica Tiputini; 2. Quebrada Napinaza; 3. Cuyabeno; 4. Type locality (white circle): Parque Nacional Yasuní; 5. Bobonaza; 6. Conambo; 7. El Porvenir; 8. Río Misahuallí; 9. Bloque Shiripuno; 10. Ávila Viejo; 11. Cononaco; 12. Pablo López de Oglán; 13. Río Pucayacu; 14. Diez de Agosto; 15. Leticia; 16. Pusuno; 17. Tivacuno; 18. Coca; 19. Puerto Bolivar; 20. Panguana; 21. Parque Nacional Noel Kempff; 22. Taisha. Squares represent literature records from Schlüter (1981) and Lötters et al. (2000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214923/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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),
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22988FDC52A22FDA8" box="[726,882,545,569]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="-0.6713056">00°40’16.7”S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22823FDC52D71FDA8" box="[893,1057,545,569]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="-77.400505">77°24’01.8”W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22F73FDC52D25FDA8" box="[1069,1141,545,569]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
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, on
|
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<date id="FFB51058FF93FFA22FFAFDC52C69FDA8" box="[1188,1337,545,569]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" value="2006-06-12">12 June 2006</date>
|
||
by Morley Read, Silvia Aldás Alarcón, and Aldo Sornoza.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22B97FD8E2ADAFC30" blockId="2.[151,1437,509,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22B97FD8E281AFD13" bold="true" box="[201,330,618,642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0883AFF93FFA22B97FD8E2815FD13" box="[201,325,618,642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22A0AFD8D28B0FD10" box="[340,480,617,641]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
: PROVINCIA
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA2292BFD8A2BC3FD10" box="[629,659,622,641]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">DE</collectingCountry>
|
||
SUCUMBÍOS: Reserva de Producción Faunística Cuyabeno,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22E17FD8D2981FD34" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-0.08388889">00° 05' 02”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22B81FD6928D7FD34" box="[223,391,653,677]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-76.215">76° 12' 54” W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22ACAFD69288DFD34" box="[404,477,653,677]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="280.0">280 m</quantity>
|
||
(DFCH-USFQ C320–21); PROVINCIA
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA228C5FD752AE9FD35" box="[923,953,657,676]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">DE</collectingCountry>
|
||
ORELLANA: Tiputini Biodiversity Station, Universidad San Francisco de Quito,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22917FD552B89FD58" box="[585,729,689,713]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-0.6180556">00°37’05” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA229B6FD552AD2FD58" box="[744,898,689,713]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-76.17194">76°10’19” W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA228CEFD552D41FD58" box="[912,1041,689,713]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.15" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="257.5" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="215.0">215–300 m</quantity>
|
||
(DFCH-USFQ T80–82); Estación Científica Yasuní, Pontificia Universidad Católica del
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22845FD312A2AFD7C" box="[795,890,725,749]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA228D4FD312D77FD7C" box="[906,1063,725,749]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="-0.6713056">00°40’16.7”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22F66FD312D8CFD7C" box="[1080,1244,725,749]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="-77.400505">77°24’01.8”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22FB0FD312C6AFD7C" box="[1262,1338,725,749]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22E10FD312CCCFD7C" box="[1358,1436,725,749]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
23887); PROVINCIA
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22ADDFD1A28F1FC80" box="[387,417,766,785]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">DE</collectingCountry>
|
||
MORONA SANTIAGO: Quebrada del Río Napinaza,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA228BBFD1D2D64FC80" box="[997,1076,761,785]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="6.6">6.6 km</quantity>
|
||
N of Limón, on road to Macas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22BC9FCF9284DFCA4" box="[151,285,797,821]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-2.9180555">02°55’05”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22A73FCF92881FCA4" box="[301,465,797,821]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="-78.407005">78°24’25.2”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22ABEFCF92B6AFCA4" box="[480,570,797,821]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.013" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1013.0">1013 m</quantity>
|
||
, General Leonidas Plaza Gutiérrez, (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA228B9FCF92D65FCA4" box="[999,1077,797,821]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
26558, 38113); PROVINCIA
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22E20FCC52CCCFCA5" box="[1406,1436,801,820]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">DE</collectingCountry>
|
||
PASTAZA: Bobonaza, vía a Taculí, aprox.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA229CBFCA52A7FFCC8" box="[661,815,833,857]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="-1.4981111">01°29’53.2”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22863FCA52AA0FCC8" box="[829,1008,833,857]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="-77.87931">77°52’45.5” W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22F5CFCA52D01FCC8" box="[1026,1105,833,857]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22F38FCA52DE4FCC8" box="[1126,1204,833,857]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
38325); Conambo, aprox.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22BBDFC812832FCEC" box="[227,354,869,893]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-1.8725001">01°52’21”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22A37FC812B57FCEC" box="[361,519,869,893]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-76.898056">76° 53’53” W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA2294CFC812BC1FCEC" box="[530,657,869,893]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.245" metricValueMax="3.9299999999999997" metricValueMin="2.56" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="324.5" valueMax="393.0" valueMin="256.0">256–393 m</quantity>
|
||
(DHMECN 4667); Reserva de Bosque Tropical Hola Vida, camino a las cascadas,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22A73FC6D28C4FC30" box="[301,404,905,929]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-1.6166667">01° 37' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22AFFFC6D2B42FC30" box="[417,530,905,929]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-77.9">77° 54' W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22943FC6D2B34FC30" box="[541,612,905,929]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.309999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="831.0">831 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA2292CFC6D2B90FC30" box="[626,704,905,929]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
36767;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22842FC6D2A2CFC30" box="[796,892,905,929]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1423,1446]" captionTargetBox="[175,1415,435,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1402]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. 1. Estación Biológica Tiputini; 2. Quebrada Napinaza; 3. Cuyabeno; 4. Type locality (white circle): Parque Nacional Yasuní; 5. Bobonaza; 6. Conambo; 7. El Porvenir; 8. Río Misahuallí; 9. Bloque Shiripuno; 10. Ávila Viejo; 11. Cononaco; 12. Pablo López de Oglán; 13. Río Pucayacu; 14. Diez de Agosto; 15. Leticia; 16. Pusuno; 17. Tivacuno; 18. Coca; 19. Puerto Bolivar; 20. Panguana; 21. Parque Nacional Noel Kempff; 22. Taisha. Squares represent literature records from Schlüter (1981) and Lötters et al. (2000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214923/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22B99FC492883FA08" blockId="2.[151,1437,509,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22B99FC492890FC57" bold="true" box="[199,448,941,966]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Referred specimens:</emphasis>
|
||
(Juveniles).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22904FC492BA4FC54" box="[602,756,941,965]" name="Colombia" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: DEPARTAMENTO
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22895FC552AB9FC55" box="[971,1001,945,964]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">DE</collectingCountry>
|
||
AMAZONAS: Leticia, aprox.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22E1EFC492CCBFC54" box="[1344,1435,941,965]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-4.2">04°12’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22BC9FC3529AEFC78" box="[151,254,977,1001]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-69.933334">69°56’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(IAvH 4524);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22AEDFC352B6FFC78" box="[435,575,977,1001]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
: PROVINCIA
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22987FC322BA7FC78" box="[729,759,982,1001]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">DE</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA2285AFC352A15FC78" box="[772,837,977,1001]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">NAPO</collectionCode>
|
||
: Estrellayacu (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA228A6FC352D16FC78" box="[1016,1094,977,1001]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
4497–8); Napo-Galeras, Río Pusuno, aprox
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22A1AFC112898FB9C" box="[324,456,1013,1037]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-1.0236111">01°01’25”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22A8CFC112B31FB9C" box="[466,609,1013,1037]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-77.585">77°35’06”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA2292EFC112B98FB9C" box="[624,712,1013,1037]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
|
||
, (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22981FC112A7DFB9C" box="[735,813,1013,1037]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
14055); Tena, junto al Río Misahuallí (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22FA5FC112C19FB9C" box="[1275,1353,1013,1037]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
3895); PROVINCIA
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22A7FFBFA286FFBA0" box="[289,319,1054,1073]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">DE</collectingCountry>
|
||
ORELLANA: Tiputini Biodiversity Station, Universidad San Francisco de Quito,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22E5DFBFD2CC7FBA0" box="[1283,1431,1049,1073]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-0.6180556">00°37’05” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22BC9FBD92862FBC4" box="[151,306,1085,1109]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-76.17194">76°10’19” W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22A1CFBD92896FBC4" box="[322,454,1085,1109]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.15" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="257.5" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="215.0">215–300 m</quantity>
|
||
(DFCH-USFQ T83–84); Coca, Puerto Francisco de Orellana (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22FF7FBD92DA7FBC4" box="[1193,1271,1085,1109]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
12); Estación Científica Yasuní, Pontificia Universidad Católica del
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22845FB852A2AFBE8" box="[795,890,1121,1145]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA228D4FB852D76FBE8" box="[906,1062,1121,1145]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="-0.6713056">00°40’16.7”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22F66FB852D8CFBE8" box="[1080,1244,1121,1145]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="-77.400505">77°24’01.8”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22FB3FB852C6AFBE8" box="[1261,1338,1121,1145]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22E10FB852CCCFBE8" box="[1358,1436,1121,1145]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
23896, 24577); Carretera NPF a Tivacuno, aprox.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22993FB612A14FB0C" box="[717,836,1157,1181]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-0.7072222">0°42’26”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22815FB612A8AFB0C" box="[843,986,1157,1181]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-76.47195">76°28’19”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA228B7FB612D67FB0C" box="[1001,1079,1157,1181]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
30900); Bloque Shiripuno, SW border of the buffer zone of the Parque Nacional Yasuní, aprox.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA228DDFB4D2AA9FB50" box="[899,1017,1193,1217]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-0.7258333">0°43’33”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22F5DFB4D2DC3FB50" box="[1027,1171,1193,1217]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-76.72583">76°43’33”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22FFFFB4D2DBAFB50" box="[1185,1258,1193,1217]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="220.0">220 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22FA5FB4D2C19FB50" box="[1275,1353,1193,1217]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
8973); Loreto, Ávila Viejo, aprox.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22A8AFB292B1AFB74" box="[468,586,1229,1253]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-0.6363889">0°38’11”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA2290CFB292BB2FB74" box="[594,738,1229,1253]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-77.43278">77°25’58”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA229B1FB292A68FB74" box="[751,824,1229,1253]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4799999999999995" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="748.0">748 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22816FB292AC6FB74" box="[840,918,1229,1253]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
10722); PROVINCIA
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF93FFA22FDAFB352DF2FB75" box="[1156,1186,1233,1252]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">DE</collectingCountry>
|
||
PASTAZA: Cononaco, Bataburo Lodge, al sur de la carretera desde Cononaco,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA2284DFB152A2AFA98" box="[787,890,1265,1289]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-1.2">01° 12’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA228D9FB152ABDFA98" box="[903,1005,1265,1289]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-76.7">76°42’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA228A4FB152D12FA98" box="[1018,1090,1265,1289]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="220.0">220 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22F0CFB152DF0FA98" box="[1106,1184,1265,1289]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
39417); Pablo López de Oglán, aprox.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22A04FAF12881FABC" box="[346,465,1301,1325]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-1.3">1°18’00”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22A86FAF12B37FABC" box="[472,615,1301,1325]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-77.706665">77°42’24”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA2292AFAF12BECFABC" box="[628,700,1301,1325]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
(DHMECN 3067); Río Pucayacu, finca km 6 vía San Ramón–El Triunfo, Parroquia Teniente Hugo Ortiz, aprox.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA229EFFADD2A66FAC0" box="[689,822,1337,1361]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-1.3727778">01°22’22”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22863FADD2A9CFAC0" box="[829,972,1337,1361]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-77.86">77°51’36”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22886FADD2D70FAC0" box="[984,1056,1337,1361]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22F70FADD2D2CFAC0" box="[1070,1148,1337,1361]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
33237); Plataforma K 10 de la empresa de explotación Petrolera
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22915FAB92BDDFAE4" box="[587,653,1373,1397]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">AGIP</collectionCode>
|
||
en el bloque 10, Cerca a 10 de Agosto,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22F18FAB92D9CFAE4" box="[1094,1228,1373,1397]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-1.4744445">01°28’28”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF93FFA22F86FAB92C37FAE4" box="[1240,1383,1373,1397]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" precision="15" value="-77.53167">77°31’54”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22E2CFAB929FDFA08" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9799999999999995" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="498.0">498 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE5DFF93FFA22BE5FA652859FA08" box="[187,265,1409,1433]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">QCAZ</collectionCode>
|
||
39287;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22A3BFA652894FA08" box="[357,452,1409,1433]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1423,1446]" captionTargetBox="[175,1415,435,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1402]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. 1. Estación Biológica Tiputini; 2. Quebrada Napinaza; 3. Cuyabeno; 4. Type locality (white circle): Parque Nacional Yasuní; 5. Bobonaza; 6. Conambo; 7. El Porvenir; 8. Río Misahuallí; 9. Bloque Shiripuno; 10. Ávila Viejo; 11. Cononaco; 12. Pablo López de Oglán; 13. Río Pucayacu; 14. Diez de Agosto; 15. Leticia; 16. Pusuno; 17. Tivacuno; 18. Coca; 19. Puerto Bolivar; 20. Panguana; 21. Parque Nacional Noel Kempff; 22. Taisha. Squares represent literature records from Schlüter (1981) and Lötters et al. (2000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214923/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116513FF93FFA32B97FA412A4EFE8D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22B97FA412B7EF9DC" blockId="2.[151,1437,509,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22B97FA412813FA2F" bold="true" box="[201,323,1445,1470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A bufonid of genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22973FA412BD2FA2C" box="[557,642,1445,1469]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22973FA412BD2FA2C" box="[557,642,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Rhaebo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(diagnosed on the basis of their lack of cephalic crests (except for the low parietals crests), their yellowish-orange skin secretions, presence of an
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA228B6FA2E2D22FA70" box="[1000,1138,1482,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">omosternum</emphasis>
|
||
and hypertrophied testes), of large-sized (SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22A24FA0928BBF994" box="[378,491,1517,1541]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5669999999999997" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="156.7">156.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult female, 92.8–127.0 mm in adult males) lacking a preocular ridge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22E75FA092CDAF994" box="[1323,1418,1517,1541]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1925,1948]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,337,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,337,1904]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, QCAZ 32715, adult female, 156.7 mm. SVL. Photos by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214921/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
); having the cloacal opening near the middle level of thighs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22875F9F52ADCF9B8" box="[811,908,1553,1577]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[253,1340,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[253,1341,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cloacal opening: Towards the ventral level of the thighs in Rhaebo glaberrimus (A – B), ICN 0 4969, adult male, 59.9 mm SVL. Photos by Jonh Jairo Mueses-Cisneros. Towards the middle level of the thighs in Rhaebo ecuadorensis (C), QCAZ 23887, adult female, 122.0 mm. SVL. Photo by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214924/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C), rounded to slightly oval parotoids, and dark to cream brown groin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22AC9F9D12B52F9DC" box="[407,514,1589,1613]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1925,1948]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,337,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,337,1904]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, QCAZ 32715, adult female, 156.7 mm. SVL. Photos by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214921/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA2294EF9D12B71F9DC" box="[528,545,1589,1613]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[323,1263,180,1457]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1264,180,1457]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. in situ. (A) Dorsolateral view of Paratype, DHMECN 4667, adult male, 127.0 mm SVL. Photo by Mauricio Ortega; (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventral view of QCAZ 33237 from Pucayacu, Provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador (female juvenile 68.9 mm SVL); (D) dorsolateral and (E) ventral view of QCAZ 38113 from Napinaza, Provincia de Morona Santiago, Ecuador (adult male of 92.8 mm. SVL). Photos B – E by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF93FFA22B97F9BD2CCCF848" blockId="2.[151,1437,509,2009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22B97F9BD2B0BF9E3" bold="true" box="[201,603,1625,1650]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Comparisons with other species:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22936F9BD2A0CF9E0" box="[616,860,1625,1649]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22936F9BD2A0CF9E0" box="[616,860,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is phenetically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22FC8F9BE2C14F9E0" box="[1174,1348,1625,1649]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaberrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22FC8F9BE2C14F9E0" box="[1174,1348,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. glaberrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22EDAF9BE29A1F904" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Bufo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22EDAF9BE29A1F904" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. guttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and juveniles may be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA229C6F99A2D18F904" authority="Myers and Funkhouser" authorityName="Myers and Funkhouser" box="[664,1096,1661,1685]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blombergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA229C6F99A2A79F904" box="[664,809,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. blombergi</emphasis>
|
||
(Myers and Funkhouser)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22F0CF9992C68F904" box="[1106,1336,1661,1685]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaberrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22F0CF9992C68F904" box="[1106,1336,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Rhaebo glaberrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22E18F99929F7F928" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1918,1941]" captionTargetBox="[179,1414,661,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[179,1415,661,1892]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Holotype of Bufo glaberrimus. BM 1947.2. 20.56. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views. © The Natural History Museum, London (2010). All rights reserved. Photos by Martín Bustamante." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214925/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figures 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22BEDF9452992F928" box="[179,194,1697,1721]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1284]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1284]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhaebo glaberrimus in situ. Dorsolateral (A-C) and ventral (D) views. A: adult male, 63.9 mm. SVL, ICN 4774. Photo by J. D. Lynch; B. adult, JJM 2229, from Villavicencio, Meta. Photo by J. J. Mueses-Cisneros, C-D: juvenile female, 31.9 mm. SVL, ICN 4775. Photos by J. D. Lynch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214926/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) differs by having the cloacal opening situated towards the ventral level of the thighs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22FCCF9452DAEF928" box="[1170,1278,1697,1721]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[253,1340,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[253,1341,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cloacal opening: Towards the ventral level of the thighs in Rhaebo glaberrimus (A – B), ICN 0 4969, adult male, 59.9 mm SVL. Photos by Jonh Jairo Mueses-Cisneros. Towards the middle level of the thighs in Rhaebo ecuadorensis (C), QCAZ 23887, adult female, 122.0 mm. SVL. Photo by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214924/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figures 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B) [cloacal opening towards the middle level of thighs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA229F0F9222A32F94C" box="[686,866,1733,1757]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA229F0F9222A32F94C" box="[686,866,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], smaller body size (
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF93FFA22F08F9212DAEF94C" box="[1110,1278,1733,1757]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.709999999999999" metricValueMax="6.459999999999999" metricValueMin="4.96" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="57.099999999999994" valueMax="64.6" valueMin="49.6">49.6–64.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL in adult males) [large body size (92.8–127.0 mm in adult males) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22818F90E2AABF890" box="[838,1019,1769,1793]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22818F90E2AABF890" box="[838,1019,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], mainly smooth dorsal skin [dorsal skin warty, spiculae and coni in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22978F8EA2B8FF8B4" box="[550,735,1805,1829]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22978F8EA2B8FF8B4" box="[550,735,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], enlarged parotoid glands [rounded parotoid glands in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22EDAF8EA287AF8D8" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22EDAF8EA287AF8D8" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], and pink and yellow groin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA2292CF8D52B82F8D8" box="[626,722,1841,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1284]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1284]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhaebo glaberrimus in situ. Dorsolateral (A-C) and ventral (D) views. A: adult male, 63.9 mm. SVL, ICN 4774. Photo by J. D. Lynch; B. adult, JJM 2229, from Villavicencio, Meta. Photo by J. J. Mueses-Cisneros, C-D: juvenile female, 31.9 mm. SVL, ICN 4775. Photos by J. D. Lynch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214926/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A) [groin without pink or yellow coloration in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22F84F8D62CDCF8D8" box="[1242,1420,1841,1865]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22F84F8D62CDCF8D8" box="[1242,1420,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22BC9F8B1281FF8FC" box="[151,335,1877,1901]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22BC9F8B1281FF8FC" box="[151,335,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Rhaebo guttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22A00F8B12890F8FC" box="[350,448,1877,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1759,1782]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,877,1737]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,877,1738]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Rhaebo guttatus in situ (A – B) from Ecuador. Photos by Martín Bustamante, and ventral view in preservative (C), ICN 51939, adult male, 126.6 mm SVL. Photo by Francisco López-López." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214927/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) differs by having a preocular ridge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22837F8B12A9AF8FC" box="[873,970,1877,1901]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1830,1853]" captionTargetBox="[260,1316,301,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[260,1317,301,1816]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Preocular ridge (A) or bony projection of the posterior lateral edge of the nasal (B) in Rhaebo guttatus. A: photo by Martín Bustamante. B: ICN 54716, adult male, 122.2 mm SVL. Photo by J. J. Mueses-Cisneros." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214928/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) [absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22F0CF8B22C55F8FC" box="[1106,1285,1877,1901]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22F0CF8B22C55F8FC" box="[1106,1285,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], and ventral colouration pattern with rounded light spots on a dark background (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA228DBF89D2AB5F800" box="[901,997,1913,1937]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1759,1782]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,877,1737]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,877,1738]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Rhaebo guttatus in situ (A – B) from Ecuador. Photos by Martín Bustamante, and ventral view in preservative (C), ICN 51939, adult male, 126.6 mm SVL. Photo by Francisco López-López." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214927/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 7</figureCitation>
|
||
C) [ventral colouration without circular light spots in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22A71F87A28B2F824" box="[303,482,1949,1973]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22A71F87A28B2F824" box="[303,482,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF93FFA22AAEF8792B03F824" box="[496,595,1949,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[323,1263,180,1457]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1264,180,1457]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. in situ. (A) Dorsolateral view of Paratype, DHMECN 4667, adult male, 127.0 mm SVL. Photo by Mauricio Ortega; (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventral view of QCAZ 33237 from Pucayacu, Provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador (female juvenile 68.9 mm SVL); (D) dorsolateral and (E) ventral view of QCAZ 38113 from Napinaza, Provincia de Morona Santiago, Ecuador (adult male of 92.8 mm. SVL). Photos B – E by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
)]. Juveniles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA2285EF87A2AC1F824" box="[768,913,1949,1973]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blombergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA2285EF87A2AC1F824" box="[768,913,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. blombergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have more foot webbing that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22FBDF87A2CC5F824" box="[1251,1429,1949,1973]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22FBDF87A2CC5F824" box="[1251,1429,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, parotoids more rounded and snout truncated in lateral profile [weakly truncated to round in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF93FFA22F8BF8262CDCF848" box="[1237,1420,1985,2009]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF93FFA22F8BF8262CDCF848" box="[1237,1420,1985,2009]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF92FFA32BC9FF732A4EFE8D" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Further
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF92FFA32BA4FF7D28C4FF21" box="[250,404,152,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blombergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF92FFA32BA4FF7D28C4FF21" box="[250,404,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">R. blombergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits the Pacific lowlands and western Andean foothills from central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF92FFA32E73FF732CCBFF3E" box="[1325,1435,151,175]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(departments of Chocó, Valle del Cauca, Cauca, and Nariño) to northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF92FFA32F5AFF582D31FF45" box="[1028,1121,188,212]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(provinces of Esmeraldas, Carchi, Imbabura and Pichincha,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF92FFA32972FF3B2A68FF66" author="Mueses-Cisneros" box="[556,824,223,247]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" refString="Mueses-Cisneros, J. J. (2008) Analisis Sistematico de los Sapos del genero Rhaebo (Amphibia: Anura: Bufonidae). Tesis Inedita, Carrera de Maestria en Ciencias-Biologia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 154 pp." type="book" year="2008">Mueses-Cisneros 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF92FFA328C1FF052D09FF69" box="[927,1113,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF92FFA328C1FF052D09FF69" box="[927,1113,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs on the Amazonian lowlands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF92FFA32A7FFEE028C2FE8D" box="[289,402,260,284]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF92FFA32AC0FEE028ADFE8D" box="[414,509,260,284]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF92FFA32956FEE12B6EFE8D" box="[520,574,261,284]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF92FFA32917FEE02BCCFE8D" box="[585,668,260,284]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF92FFA3298CFEE02A4AFE8D" box="[722,794,260,284]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF746610FF92FFA32BC9F8612BF7F82B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214921/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" targetBox="[151,1435,337,1902]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF92FFA32BC9F8612BF7F82B" blockId="3.[151,1435,1925,1978]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF92FFA32BC9F8612846F80B" bold="true" box="[151,278,1925,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF92FFA32AFAF8612BD0F80A" box="[420,640,1925,1947]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF92FFA32AFAF8612BD0F80A" box="[420,640,1925,1947]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C57F1FF92FFA329D7F8622B8CF80A" box="[649,732,1926,1947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF92FFA329D7F8622B8CF80A" bold="true" box="[649,732,1926,1947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF92FFA32865F8612A05F80D" bold="true" box="[827,853,1925,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">A)</emphasis>
|
||
, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF92FFA328E3F8622A9EF80A" bold="true" box="[957,974,1926,1947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">B</emphasis>
|
||
) and lateral (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF92FFA32F00F8612D20F80D" bold="true" box="[1118,1136,1925,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">C</emphasis>
|
||
) views, QCAZ 32715, adult female, 156.7mm. SVL. Photos by Luis A. Coloma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF746610FF95FFA42BC9FA232D65F9A8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214922/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" targetBox="[323,1263,180,1457]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF95FFA42BC9FA232D65F9A8" blockId="4.[151,1436,1479,1594]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42BC9FA232843FA4C" bold="true" box="[151,275,1479,1502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF95FFA42A45FA2328A5FA4C" box="[283,501,1479,1501]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42A45FA2328A5FA4C" box="[283,501,1479,1501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C57F1FF95FFA42AA2FA2C2B1DFA4C" box="[508,589,1480,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42AA2FA2C2B1DFA4C" bold="true" box="[508,589,1480,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in situ. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA429F5FA232B95FA4F" bold="true" box="[683,709,1479,1502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">A)</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsolateral view of Paratype, DHMECN 4667, adult male, 127.0mm SVL. Photo by Mauricio Ortega; (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42AABFA022B5DFA6C" bold="true" box="[501,525,1510,1533]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">B)</emphasis>
|
||
dorsolateral and (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42999FA022B89FA6C" bold="true" box="[711,729,1510,1533]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">C</emphasis>
|
||
) ventral view of QCAZ 33237 from Pucayacu, Provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador (female juvenile 68.9 mm SVL); (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42911F9E02B3AF98A" bold="true" box="[591,618,1540,1563]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">D)</emphasis>
|
||
dorsolateral and (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA4287AF9E12A65F98B" bold="true" box="[804,821,1541,1562]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">E</emphasis>
|
||
) ventral view of QCAZ 38113 from Napinaza, Provincia de Morona Santiago, Ecuador (adult male of 92.8 mm. SVL). Photos B–E by Luis A. Coloma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116513FF95FFA62B97F9842BACFB60" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF95FFA52B97F9842988FD44" blockId="4.[151,1437,1632,2028]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,2030]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42B97F984280DF9E8" bold="true" box="[201,349,1632,1657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Based on one adult female and six adult males; large-sized toad (female =
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF95FFA42FFEF9852C42F9E8" box="[1184,1298,1633,1657]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5669999999999997" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="156.7">156.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL, males = 92.8–127.0 mm,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42A33F968282BF936" box="[365,379,1676,1703]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 105.6 ± 14.9 SVL); head narrower than body width, slightly wider than long. Head width slightly wider than at level of tympanum (female: HW/HL = 1.18; HW/SVL = 0.38; HL/SVL = 0.32; males: HW/ HL = 1.13–1.17,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42A08F9332834F963" box="[342,356,1751,1778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 1.15 ± 0.15; HW/SVL = 0.37–0.39,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA4287AF9332A62F963" box="[804,818,1751,1778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 0.38 ± 0.08; HL/SVL = 0.32–0.34,
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42FBFF9332DBFF963" box="[1249,1263,1751,1778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 0.33 ± 0.10). Head subacuminate in dorsal view; snout slightly rounded to truncate dorsally, weakly rounded to truncate in lateral view. Tip of snout without fleshy vertical ridge. Distance between nostril and tip of snout/distance between nostril and eye =
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF95FFA42A3EF8DB28E0F8C6" box="[352,432,1855,1879]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" unit="in" value="0.12">0.12 in</quantity>
|
||
female, 0.21–0.31 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA429C4F8A22BF8F8F0" box="[666,680,1862,1889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 0.26 ± 0.38) in males. Nostrils open posterior to anterior rim of mouth, below
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42A62F88228AAF8EF" box="[316,506,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">canthus rostralis</emphasis>
|
||
in slightly swollen area. Nostrils oblique, oval, directed laterally. Dorsal edge of nostril rounded, ventral edge straight to concave. Distance between nostrils/distance between nostril and eye =
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF95FFA42E35F86D29FDF857" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" unit="in" value="1.1">1.10 in</quantity>
|
||
female, 1.15–1.22 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF95FFA42ACDF85128F1F841" box="[403,417,1973,2000]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 1.18 ± 0.28) in males. Internarial area flat to weakly concave. Top of head from snout to anterior corners of eyelids flat. Interorbital and occipital region flat, with some low and slender tubercles near parotoids. Upper eyelid narrower than interorbital area, with low, slender tubercles. Upper eyelid width/IOD =
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF94FFA52E35FF7329FDFF45" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8796" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="0.74">0.74 in</quantity>
|
||
female, 0.73–0.79 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52AC9FF2728F5FF4F" box="[407,421,195,222]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 0.76 ± 0.24) in males. Inner and outer rim of upper eyelid not delineated by tubercles. Outer rim of upper eyelid not projecting beyond eye. Cephalic crests absent with exception of parietal crests, which are low in adult males, some pronounced in female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0883AFF94FFA5298AFEE32A6AFE8E" box="[724,826,263,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA5281DFEE32D55FE8E" box="[835,1029,263,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Canthus rostralis</emphasis>
|
||
straight, weakly fleshy in the males, fleshy in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0883AFF94FFA52A69FECF28CDFED2" box="[311,413,299,323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; projecting over loreal region. Loreal region weakly concave to flat, with some small, regularly distributed spiculae and coni, extending to the post-tympanic region. Lips not flared. Eyes with horizontally oval pupil. Preorbital ridge absent. Tympanum oval, 51.3% of eye length in the female, 44.2–53.0% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52BFAFE7A29E2FE28" box="[164,178,414,441]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 48.3 ± 3.5) in the males; anterior 3/5 (or all) of tympanum visible. Supratympanic ridge present, fleshly. Parotoids large, distinct, rounded to slightly oval. Parotoid width 52.7% of parotoid length and 62.6% of interparotoid distance in the female, 53.1–61.9% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA529FAFE0D2BE2FD95" box="[676,690,489,516]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 56.1 ± 3.1) of parotoid length and 59.2–69.9% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52FA8FE0D2C54FD95" box="[1270,1284,489,516]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 63.3 ± 3.7) of inter-parotoid distance in the males. Parotoids smooth, with nearly regularly distributed pores. Outer margin of parotoids without indentations. Inter-parotoidal region without evident crests (except in
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0883AFF94FFA52F2AFDC92D8BFDD4" box="[1140,1243,557,581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Skin of dorsum of body smooth, bearing some slender and low tubercles in sacral region and small rounded and prominent warts on postsacral region. Continuous lateral oblique row of round and oval, low and little evident o conspicuous warts, from parotoids to ½ of parotoid-groin distance. Ventral skin smooth, with some low tubercles mainly on throat and chest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF94FFA52B97FD042DDCFC1A" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Forelimbs long, forearms somewhat robust in adult males, with warts, spiculae and coni on upper surface and flanks. Hand length 23.9% of SVL in the female, 24.8–29.2% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52822FCE82ADAFCB6" box="[892,906,780,807]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 26.6 ± 1.6) in males. Fingers without webs; with fleshy and bulbous tips. Finger
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52919FCC82B02FCD5" bold="true" box="[583,594,812,836]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">I</emphasis>
|
||
longer than
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA529B4FCC82A50FCD5" bold="true" box="[746,768,812,836]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">II</emphasis>
|
||
. Super-numerary palmar tubercles few, rounded and low. Subarticular tubercles rounded and evident. Palmar tubercle large, rounded, 1.2–1.5 times the size of rounded thenar tubercle. Ulnar tubercles and ulnar fold absent. Metacarpal fold absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF94FFA52F59FC972D38FC1A" box="[1031,1128,883,907]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,628,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,628,1879]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Hands and feet in: Rhaebo ecuadorensis (A and D), holotype, QCAZ 32715, adult female, 156.7 mm. SVL; Rhaebo guttatus (B and E), QCAZ 26414, adult female, 174.3 mm SVL. Photos by Luis Coloma; and Rhaebo glaberrimus (C and F), ICN 0 4969, adult male, 59.9 mm SVL. Photos by J. J. Mueses-Cisneros." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214929/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Figure 9</figureCitation>
|
||
D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF94FFA52B97FC732DC5FB1C" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF94FFA52B97FC732851FC3E" box="[201,257,919,943]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
limbs long. Thighs somewhat robust. Upper surface with some warts, spiculae and coni extending up the thighs. Inner tarsal fold evident and fleshy, 1/2– 2/3 of the tarsal length. Tubercles on outer edge of tarsus absent. Foot and tibia lengths 37.7% and 43.9% of SVL in the female, 35.9–41.8% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA528ABFC032D53FB93" box="[1013,1027,999,1026]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 38.8 ± 2.4) and 36.5–43.4% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52E2CFC032CD0FB93" box="[1394,1408,999,1026]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">x</emphasis>
|
||
= 40.8 ± 2.6) of SVL in the males. Toes with fleshy, bulbous tips. Toes basally webbed. Foot-webbing formula
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52BC9FBCA29F2FBD7" bold="true" box="[151,162,1070,1094]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">I</emphasis>
|
||
(1–1.5)–(1.5–2+)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52A02FBCA2822FBD7" bold="true" box="[348,370,1070,1094]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">II</emphasis>
|
||
(1–1.5)–(3–3+)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52948FBCA2B67FBD7" bold="true" box="[534,567,1070,1094]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">III</emphasis>
|
||
(1.5–2-)–(3½–3½)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA5285CFBCA2A71FBD7" bold="true" box="[770,801,1070,1094]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">IV</emphasis>
|
||
(3½–3½)–(1–2+)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52882FBCA2ABDFBD7" bold="true" box="[988,1005,1070,1094]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">V</emphasis>
|
||
. Supernumerary plantar tubercles low, round, scarce. Metatarsal inner tubercle elongate to oval, 1.2–1.3 times size of oval to round outer tubercle. Metatarsal fold absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF94FFA52AC0FB912B50FB1C" box="[414,512,1141,1165]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,628,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,628,1879]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Hands and feet in: Rhaebo ecuadorensis (A and D), holotype, QCAZ 32715, adult female, 156.7 mm. SVL; Rhaebo guttatus (B and E), QCAZ 26414, adult female, 174.3 mm SVL. Photos by Luis Coloma; and Rhaebo glaberrimus (C and F), ICN 0 4969, adult male, 59.9 mm SVL. Photos by J. J. Mueses-Cisneros." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214929/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Figure 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA5294BFB912A6FFB1C" box="[533,831,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Musculus adductor longus</emphasis>
|
||
present.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA528FAFB922D65FB1C" box="[932,1077,1142,1165]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Omosternum</emphasis>
|
||
present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF94FFA52B97FB7E2B4DFA8C" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Tongue rounded, not notched posteriorly, 2/3 of its extension adherent to floor of mouth. Choanae rounded to oval, large, not concealed by palatal shelf of maxillary arch. Males with small, subgular vocal sac; vocal slits long, lateral and posterior to tongue. Nuptial pads dark brown or cream on fingers
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA528A8FB062D51FB6B" bold="true" box="[1014,1025,1250,1274]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">I</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52F66FB062D1EFB6B" bold="true" box="[1080,1102,1250,1274]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">II</emphasis>
|
||
. Cloacal opening towards the middle level of thighs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF94FFA52AC4FAE128ACFA8C" box="[410,508,1285,1309]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[253,1340,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[253,1341,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cloacal opening: Towards the ventral level of the thighs in Rhaebo glaberrimus (A – B), ICN 0 4969, adult male, 59.9 mm SVL. Photos by Jonh Jairo Mueses-Cisneros. Towards the middle level of the thighs in Rhaebo ecuadorensis (C), QCAZ 23887, adult female, 122.0 mm. SVL. Photo by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214924/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF94FFA52B97FACD2D94F9F0" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52B97FACD28E0FAD3" bold="true" box="[201,432,1321,1346]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Colouration in life.</emphasis>
|
||
(Based on DFC´s filed notes and color slides). Dorsal background colouration varying from pale to dark brown, orange-brown or olive-brown. Most specimens have low, dark brown to black warts scattered on dorsal surfaces. Parotoid glands slightly paler than dorsal colouration in most specimens. Background colouration on the sides of the head, tympanic area, arms, legs, flank, and groin dark brown to black (no flash colours in the groin) usually with pale low warts, especially on the posterior flanks and upper lip. Postrictal warts white to creamish. If legs are pale brown, they usually have dark spots sometimes forming indistinct bands. Background colour of the throat and chest varies from dark brown to black, marbled with cream or white; that on the venter varies from tan-cream to dark brown. White post-cloacal warts. Iris black with abundant bronze to golden punctuations especially concentrated around the golden circumpupillary ring (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF94FFA52F0AF9AD2DE6F9F0" box="[1108,1206,1609,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[323,1263,180,1457]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[323,1264,180,1457]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. in situ. (A) Dorsolateral view of Paratype, DHMECN 4667, adult male, 127.0 mm SVL. Photo by Mauricio Ortega; (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventral view of QCAZ 33237 from Pucayacu, Provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador (female juvenile 68.9 mm SVL); (D) dorsolateral and (E) ventral view of QCAZ 38113 from Napinaza, Provincia de Morona Santiago, Ecuador (adult male of 92.8 mm. SVL). Photos B – E by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214922/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF94FFA52B97F98928EDF8A8" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52B97F9892BB9F917" bold="true" box="[201,745,1645,1670]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Colouration in preservative (70% ethanol).</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsum light to dark brown. Parotoids yellowish-brown dorsally and dark brown to black laterally in most specimens (some juveniles have the same dorsal colouration throughout). Sides of head light brown. Body flanks dark brown; dorsal and flank colour sharply-separated. Arms and legs black or dark brown with or without dark to black warts; sometimes with indistinct dark bands. Throat and chest dark brown to grey, marbled with cream. Venter cream to dark brown or dark brown with some irregular creamish stain. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF94FFA52A13F8C528FCF8A8" box="[333,428,1825,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1925,1948]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,337,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,337,1904]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, QCAZ 32715, adult female, 156.7 mm. SVL. Photos by Luis A. Coloma." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214921/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF94FFA52B97F8A22B25F858" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52B97F8A22B8CF8CF" bold="true" box="[201,732,1861,1886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Measurements of female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0883AFF94FFA5295EF8A22B37F8CF" box="[512,615,1862,1886]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(in mm).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SVL: 156.7, HL: 50.3, HW: 59.6, IOD: 19.0, Upper eyelid width: 14.0, Internarial distance: 13.0, Parotoid length: 36.8, Parotoid width: 19.4, Inter-parotoid distance: 31.0, Tympanum diameter: 7.7, Eye diameter: 15.0, Eye-nostril distance: 11.8, Nostril-snout distance: 1.4, Tibia length: 68.8, Foot length: 59.1, Hand length: 37.5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF94FFA52B97F8322C56F87C" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2030]" box="[201,1286,2005,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF94FFA52B97F8322B1EF87F" bold="true" box="[201,590,2005,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0883AFF94FFA52A94F83228ADF87F" box="[458,509,2006,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0883AFF94FFA52828F8322AF6F87F" box="[886,934,2006,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6890323FF94FFA52FF2F8312C50F87C" box="[1196,1280,2005,2029]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,235,152,173]" captionTargetBox="[151,1378,202,956]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurement (in millimeters) of the type series of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF746610FF97FFA62BC9FF7C2D6AFF3F" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="DF746610FF97FFA62BC9FF7C2D6AFF3F">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF746610FF97FFA62BC9FF7C2D6AFF3F" ID-Table-UUID="DF746610FF97FFA62BC9FF7C2D6AFF3F" box="[151,1082,152,174]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF746610FF97FFA62BC9FF7C2D6AFF3F" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[151,1378,202,956]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF97FFA62BC9FF7C2D6AFF3F" blockId="6.[151,1082,152,174]" box="[151,1082,152,174]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62BC9FF7C2854FF3C" bold="true" box="[151,260,152,173]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurement (in millimeters) of the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62853FF7C2AB5FF3F" box="[781,997,152,174]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62853FF7C2AB5FF3F" box="[781,997,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C57F1FF97FFA628B2FF7D2D6AFF3F" box="[1004,1082,153,174]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF97FFA62BC1FEF62C71FC2D" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<table id="F90BC438FF97005F2BC9FF2E2C32FC2D" box="[151,1378,202,956]" gridcols="8" gridrows="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<tr id="353B34DAFF97005F2BC9FF2E2C32FE5D" box="[151,1378,202,460]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2BC9FF2E28D4FE5D" box="[151,388,202,460]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">SEX SVL HL HW IOD</th>
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2AA4FF2E2B15FE5D" box="[506,581,202,460]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">QCAZ 32715 Female 156.7 50.3 59.6 19.0</th>
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2924FF2E2BEFFE5D" box="[634,703,202,460]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">QCAZ 38325 Male 95.5 31.8 36.5 12.2</th>
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F29A0FF2E2A13FE5D" box="[766,835,202,460]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">QCAZ 26558 Male 95.8 32.5 36.8 12.8</th>
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28DFFF2E2A96FE5D" box="[897,966,202,460]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">QCAZ 23887 Male 122.0 38.4 45.0 14.2</th>
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28A7FF2E2D6EFE5D" box="[1017,1086,202,460]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">QCAZ 38113 Male 92.8 31.0 35.7 12.1</th>
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2F2CFF2E2DE7FE5D" box="[1138,1207,202,460]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">QCAZ 36767 Male 100.4 31.7 36.7 12.6</th>
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2FABFF2E2C32FE5D" box="[1269,1378,202,460]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">DHMECN 4667 Male 127.0 41.8 47.3 17.8</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B34DAFF97005F2BC9FE042C32FDE0" box="[151,1378,480,625]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2BC9FE0428D4FDE0" box="[151,388,480,625]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Upper eyelid width Eye-nostril distance Eye diameter Nostril-snout distance</th>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2AA4FE042B15FDE0" box="[506,581,480,625]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">14.0 11.8 15.0 1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2924FE042BEFFDE0" box="[634,703,480,625]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">9.5 7.1 12.6 1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F29A0FE042A13FDE0" box="[766,835,480,625]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">9.8 6.4 9.5 1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28DFFE042A96FDE0" box="[897,966,480,625]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">10.6 9.1 11.5 2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28A7FE042D6EFDE0" box="[1017,1086,480,625]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">9.6 6.6 10.0 1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2F2CFE042DE7FDE0" box="[1138,1207,480,625]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">9.5 7.1 11.1 2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2FABFE042C32FDE0" box="[1269,1378,480,625]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">12.9 8.8 12.4 2.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B34DAFF97005F2BC9FD612C32FD55" box="[151,1378,645,708]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2BC9FD6128D4FD55" box="[151,388,645,708]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Internarial distance Tympanum diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2AA4FD612B15FD55" box="[506,581,645,708]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">13.0 7.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2924FD612BEFFD55" box="[634,703,645,708]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">8.6 5.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F29A0FD612A13FD55" box="[766,835,645,708]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">7.8 4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28DFFD612A96FD55" box="[897,966,645,708]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">10.5 6.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28A7FD612D6EFD55" box="[1017,1086,645,708]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">7.8 4.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2F2CFD612DE7FD55" box="[1138,1207,645,708]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">8.4 5.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2FABFD612C32FD55" box="[1269,1378,645,708]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">10.1 6.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B34DAFF97005F2BC9FD3C2C32FCF8" box="[151,1378,728,873]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2BC9FD3C28D4FCF8" box="[151,388,728,873]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Parotoid length Parotoid width Inter-parotoid distance Tibia length</th>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2AA4FD3C2B15FCF8" box="[506,581,728,873]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">36.8 19.4 31.0 68.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2924FD3C2BEFFCF8" box="[634,703,728,873]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">24.3 12.9 21.8 34.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F29A0FD3C2A13FCF8" box="[766,835,728,873]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">23.1 12.8 20.5 39.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28DFFD3C2A96FCF8" box="[897,966,728,873]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">28.3 15.3 21.9 52.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28A7FD3C2D6EFCF8" box="[1017,1086,728,873]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">22.8 12.6 20.3 39.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2F2CFD3C2DE7FCF8" box="[1138,1207,728,873]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">24.7 14.0 21.5 39.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2FABFD3C2C32FCF8" box="[1269,1378,728,873]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">24.4 15.1 24.6 54.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B34DAFF97005F2BC9FC992C32FC2D" box="[151,1378,893,956]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<th id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2BC9FC9928D4FC2D" box="[151,388,893,956]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Foot length Hand length</th>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2AA4FC992B15FC2D" box="[506,581,893,956]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">59.1 37.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2924FC992BEFFC2D" box="[634,703,893,956]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">34.3 23.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F29A0FC992A13FC2D" box="[766,835,893,956]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">39.7 26.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28DFFC992A96FC2D" box="[897,966,893,956]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">47.0 30.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F28A7FC992D6EFC2D" box="[1017,1086,893,956]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">38.8 27.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2F2CFC992DE7FC2D" box="[1138,1207,893,956]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">36.7 26.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EA5DA6FF97005F2FABFC992C32FC2D" box="[1269,1378,893,956]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">49.1 33.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF97FFA62B97FBE62BACFB60" blockId="6.[151,1436,1025,2022]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62B97FBE628DCFB8B" bold="true" box="[201,396,1025,1050]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Most specimens have been found on the leaf litter, especially after heavy rains. At the Tiputini Biodiversity Station, Province of Orellana,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA629BCFBC12A11FBAC" box="[738,833,1061,1085]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62813FBC12D6DFBAC" box="[845,1085,1061,1085]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62813FBC12D6DFBAC" box="[845,1085,1061,1085]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was usually found in Lowland Evergreen Non-Flooded forests (= terra firme forests) amidst the leaf litter in the vicinities of small creeks during the late afternoon and early evening. QCAZ 32715 and QCAZ 23887 were collected on a paved road in an area of Terra firme forest. QCAZ 38325 was collected at the margin of a stream (about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF97FFA62F46FB752D13FB38" box="[1048,1091,1169,1193]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
||
width). This specimen exuded a yellow excretion from the parotoid glands. QCAZ 36767 was collected on leaf litter. Other specimens have been found under trunks or among stones in the river banks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116513FF97FFA62B97FB192818F980" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF97FFA62B97FB1929A8FA34" blockId="6.[151,1436,1025,2022]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62B97FB192800FA84" bold="true" box="[201,336,1277,1301]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name of this new species is proposed to honour the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62F75FB192C45FA84" box="[1067,1301,1277,1301]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Republic of Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, as a tribute to its people and natural diversity. Despite being one of the smallest countries on the continent of South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62E6BFAC52CC8FAA8" box="[1333,1432,1313,1337]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62BC9FAA129A4FACC" box="[151,244,1349,1373]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
is one of the 10 megadiverse countries of the world. The examination of Ecuadorian material allowed us to determine the existence of this undescribed species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA6284FFA8D2A36FA10" box="[785,870,1385,1409]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA6284FFA8D2A36FA10" box="[785,870,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
previously confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62FC2FA8E2C17FA10" box="[1180,1351,1385,1409]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaberrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62FC2FA8E2C17FA10" box="[1180,1351,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">R. glaberrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62EDAFA8E29A1FA34" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62EDAFA8E29A1FA34" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">R. guttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF97FFA62B97FA552818F980" blockId="6.[151,1436,1025,2022]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62B97FA552890FA5B" bold="true" box="[201,448,1457,1482]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
Unfortunately the information available on the current state of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62FF7FA552CCCFA58" box="[1193,1436,1457,1481]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62FF7FA552CCCFA58" box="[1193,1436,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations, and the current state of their habitat is limited, so we suggest categorize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62F0CFA312C12FA7C" box="[1106,1346,1493,1517]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62F0CFA312C12FA7C" box="[1106,1346,1493,1517]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as Data Deficient (DD).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116513FF97FFA62B97F9F929A1F954" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF97FFA62B97F9F929A1F954" blockId="6.[151,1436,1025,2022]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62B97F9F92832F9A7" bold="true" box="[201,354,1565,1590]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62A32F9F92B37F9A4" box="[364,615,1565,1589]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadoriensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62A32F9F92B37F9A4" box="[364,615,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo ecuadoriensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed across the Amazonian regions of southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62E79F9F92CC8F9A4" box="[1319,1432,1565,1589]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62BC9F9A529A6F9C8" box="[151,246,1601,1625]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62AFFF9A62887F9C8" box="[417,471,1602,1625]" name="Peru" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at elevations between
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF97FFA629B7F9A52A29F9C8" box="[745,889,1601,1625]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.575" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="2.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="657.5" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="215.0">215–1100 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF97FFA62894F9A52D7FF9C8" box="[970,1071,1601,1625]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1423,1446]" captionTargetBox="[175,1415,435,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1402]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. 1. Estación Biológica Tiputini; 2. Quebrada Napinaza; 3. Cuyabeno; 4. Type locality (white circle): Parque Nacional Yasuní; 5. Bobonaza; 6. Conambo; 7. El Porvenir; 8. Río Misahuallí; 9. Bloque Shiripuno; 10. Ávila Viejo; 11. Cononaco; 12. Pablo López de Oglán; 13. Río Pucayacu; 14. Diez de Agosto; 15. Leticia; 16. Pusuno; 17. Tivacuno; 18. Coca; 19. Puerto Bolivar; 20. Panguana; 21. Parque Nacional Noel Kempff; 22. Taisha. Squares represent literature records from Schlüter (1981) and Lötters et al. (2000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214923/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although we do not examine directly the specimens reported by Lötters
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62926F9822BE1F9EC" box="[632,689,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2000), according to their comments and personal observations of JJM (see Remarks) we conclude that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62961F96D2A60F930" box="[575,816,1673,1697]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62961F96D2A60F930" box="[575,816,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also is distributed from Central Amazon of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62E79F96D2C3CF930" box="[1319,1388,1673,1697]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62BC9F94929BDF954" box="[151,237,1709,1733]" name="Bolivia" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116513FF97FFA92B97F9362B3EFE8D" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF97FFA62B97F9362B60F80C" blockId="6.[151,1436,1025,2022]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62B97F936286DF97B" bold="true" box="[201,317,1746,1770]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Recently we found a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA6299AF9352A4AF978" box="[708,794,1745,1769]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA6299AF9352A4AF978" box="[708,794,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(QCAZ 3812), collected in Taisha, Provincia de Morona Santiago,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62A59F9112836F89C" box="[263,358,1781,1805]" name="Ecuador" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF97FFA62AC7F9112B5BF89C" box="[409,523,1781,1805]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-2.3405554">2°20'26”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF97FFA6294CF9112BCCF89C" box="[530,668,1781,1805]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-77.45944">77°27'34"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF97FFA629F5F9112A5CF89C" box="[683,780,1781,1805]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1423,1446]" captionTargetBox="[175,1415,435,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1402]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. 1. Estación Biológica Tiputini; 2. Quebrada Napinaza; 3. Cuyabeno; 4. Type locality (white circle): Parque Nacional Yasuní; 5. Bobonaza; 6. Conambo; 7. El Porvenir; 8. Río Misahuallí; 9. Bloque Shiripuno; 10. Ávila Viejo; 11. Cononaco; 12. Pablo López de Oglán; 13. Río Pucayacu; 14. Diez de Agosto; 15. Leticia; 16. Pusuno; 17. Tivacuno; 18. Coca; 19. Puerto Bolivar; 20. Panguana; 21. Parque Nacional Noel Kempff; 22. Taisha. Squares represent literature records from Schlüter (1981) and Lötters et al. (2000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214923/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), phenetically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62F7BF9122D87F89C" box="[1061,1239,1781,1805]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62F7BF9122D87F89C" box="[1061,1239,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The specimen is an adult female with numerous eggs and well convoluted oviducts, of 94.0 mm SVL (versus
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF97FFA62FBDF8FD2C1EF8A0" box="[1251,1358,1817,1841]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5669999999999997" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="156.7">156.7mm</quantity>
|
||
in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B0883AFF97FFA62BC9F8D929A9F8C4" box="[151,249,1853,1877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62A78F8DA288CF8C4" box="[294,476,1853,1877]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62A78F8DA288CF8C4" box="[294,476,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Externally we do not find marked differences other than SVL, to recognize this specimen as another different species, for this reason we refer this specimen to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62F09F8862C5FF8E8" box="[1111,1295,1889,1913]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62F09F8862C5FF8E8" box="[1111,1295,1889,1913]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, until more specimens are collected and studied.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF97FFA72B97F84D2879FEF5" blockId="6.[151,1436,1025,2022]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF97FFA62B97F84D28FEF850" box="[201,430,1961,1985]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Aguilar, C., Ramirez, C., Rivera, D., Siu-Ting, K., Suarez, J. & Torres, C. (2010) Anfibios andinos del Peru fuera de Areas Naturales Protegidas: amenazas y estado de conservacion. Revista Peruana de Biologia, 17 (1), 005 - 028. Almendariz, A. (1987) Contribucion al conocimento de la Herpetofauna Centroriental Ecuatoriana. Revista Politecnica, 12, 77 - 133." type="journal article">
|
||
Aguilar
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62A7BF84E280DF850" box="[293,349,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA6297AF84D2A59F850" box="[548,777,1961,1985]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaberrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA6297AF84D2A59F850" box="[548,777,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo glaberrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF97FFA62806F84E2ADEF850" box="[856,910,1962,1985]" name="Peru" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, between
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF97FFA628A2F84D2DD4F850" box="[1020,1156,1961,1985]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="850.0" valueMax="1400.0" valueMin="300.0">300-1400 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.; however, although we did not examine directly specimens from Peruvian Amazon, we confirmed the report of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF97FFA62FCFF8292CD0F874" box="[1169,1408,1997,2021]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF97FFA62FCFF8292CD0F874" box="[1169,1408,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72BC9FF7C299BFF3E" box="[151,203,152,175]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
from the picture provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF96FFA72976FF732B89FF3E" author="Schluter" box="[552,729,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" refString="Schluter, A. (1981) Erstnachweis von Bufo glaberrimus Gunther, 1868 fur Peru (Amphibia, Salientia, Bufonidae). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 16, 221 - 223." type="journal article" year="1981">Schlüter (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
of a specimen of Panguana (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF96FFA72F75FF732DDFFF3E" box="[1067,1167,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1423,1446]" captionTargetBox="[175,1415,435,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1402]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. 1. Estación Biológica Tiputini; 2. Quebrada Napinaza; 3. Cuyabeno; 4. Type locality (white circle): Parque Nacional Yasuní; 5. Bobonaza; 6. Conambo; 7. El Porvenir; 8. Río Misahuallí; 9. Bloque Shiripuno; 10. Ávila Viejo; 11. Cononaco; 12. Pablo López de Oglán; 13. Río Pucayacu; 14. Diez de Agosto; 15. Leticia; 16. Pusuno; 17. Tivacuno; 18. Coca; 19. Puerto Bolivar; 20. Panguana; 21. Parque Nacional Noel Kempff; 22. Taisha. Squares represent literature records from Schlüter (1981) and Lötters et al. (2000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214923/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), a tributary of the Rio Pachitea (at
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF96FFA72A76FF58282CFF45" box="[296,380,188,212]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-9.616667">9 °37'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF96FFA72AD8FF5828B9FF45" box="[390,489,188,212]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-74.933334">74°56'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF96FFA7297CFF582B3CFF45" box="[546,620,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="260.0">260 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.), clearly without preocular ridge.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B69FF96FFA72F64FF582CCCFF45" author="Rodriguez" box="[1082,1436,188,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" refString="Rodriguez, L. O. & Duellman, W. E. (1994) Guide to the frogs of the Iquitos region, Amazonian Peru. Asociacion de Ecologia y Conservacion, Amazon Center for Environmental Education and Research and Natural History Museum. Special Publication, of The University of Kansas Natural History Museum, 22, 1 - 80, 12 plates, map." type="book chapter" year="1994">Rodriguez & Duellman (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported a photograph of "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72A94FF052B25FF69" box="[458,629,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaberrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72A94FF052B25FF69" box="[458,629,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">R. glaberrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
" of a specimen from Iquitos region, but the photo quality is not very good, and it is not possible to distinguish with certainty whether this specimen corresponds to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72FEEFEE12C32FE8D" box="[1200,1378,260,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72FEEFEE12C32FE8D" box="[1200,1378,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or to a juvenile of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72A73FECC28B4FED1" box="[301,484,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72A73FECC28B4FED1" box="[301,484,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Rhaebo guttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, therefore the identity of this specimen is in doubt and must be confirmed by direct examination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF746610FF96FFA72BC9FA6B2D7AF9B0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214923/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" targetBox="[175,1415,435,1388]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF96FFA72BC9FA6B2D7AF9B0" blockId="7.[151,1437,1423,1569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72BC9FA6B2842FA34" bold="true" box="[151,274,1423,1446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Geographic distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72975FA742A53FA37" box="[555,771,1424,1446]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72975FA742A53FA37" box="[555,771,1424,1446]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C57F1FF96FFA72857FA752A08FA37" box="[777,856,1425,1446]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
1. Estación Biológica Tiputini; 2. Quebrada Napinaza; 3. Cuyabeno; 4. Type locality (white circle): Parque Nacional Yasuní; 5. Bobonaza; 6. Conambo; 7. El Porvenir; 8. Río Misahuallí; 9. Bloque Shiripuno; 10. Ávila Viejo; 11. Cononaco; 12. Pablo López de Oglán; 13. Río Pucayacu; 14. Diez de Agosto; 15. Leticia; 16. Pusuno; 17. Tivacuno; 18. Coca; 19. Puerto Bolivar; 20.Panguana; 21.Parque Nacional Noel Kempff; 22. Taisha. Squares represent literature records from Schlüter (1981) and Lötters
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA728F8F9EF2A8AF9B1" box="[934,986,1546,1568]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2000).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43698FF96FFA92B97F9AA2B3EFE8D" blockId="7.[151,1436,1613,1998]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,284]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Lötters
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72A7CF9AA280DF9F4" box="[290,349,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2000) examined three specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA7284AF9A92D56F9F4" box="[788,1030,1613,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA7284AF9A92D56F9F4" box="[788,1030,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72F64F9AA2DB5F9F4" box="[1082,1253,1613,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaberrimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72F64F9AA2DB5F9F4" box="[1082,1253,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">R. glaberrimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72E67F9A92CC8F9F4" box="[1337,1432,1613,1637]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, adult specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72A2BF9952B7EF918" box="[373,558,1649,1673]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72A2BF9952B7EF918" box="[373,558,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Rhaebo guttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from French
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72993F9952A74F918" box="[717,804,1649,1673]" name="Guyana" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
and subadults from the Central Amazon of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72E41F9952C36F918" box="[1311,1382,1649,1673]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and four specimens
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72A15F9712B71F93C" box="[331,545,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72A37F9712B71F93C" box="[361,545,1685,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">Rhaebo guttatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72937F9712BEFF93C" box="[617,703,1685,1709]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. From his observations we can distinguish that one of the specimens of the Central Amazon of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA7295AF95D2B1BF940" box="[516,587,1721,1745]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and a specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72815F95D2AF0F940" box="[843,928,1721,1745]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, do not present preocular ridge and ventrally differ from the general coloration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA7296FF93A2BFAF964" box="[561,682,1758,1781]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA7296FF93A2BFAF964" box="[561,682,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">R. guttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. JJM noted that the condition of the preocular ridge in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72E4CF939299DF888" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72E4CF939299DF888" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Rhaebo guttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, can be seen externally in juveniles from
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF96FFA729C1F8E52A53F888" box="[671,771,1793,1817]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="25.5">25.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL, so that the specimen reported by Lötters
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72E4DF8E62C1BF888" box="[1299,1355,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2000) from Brazilian Central Amazon (with
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B7DFF96FFA72919F8C12BFCF8AC" box="[583,684,1829,1853]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.22" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="32.2">32.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL) without preocular ridge may be referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72FBCF8C22CC5F8AC" box="[1250,1429,1829,1853]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72FBCF8C22CC5F8AC" box="[1250,1429,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Meanwhile, the exemplar of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72A86F8AD2B7BF8F0" box="[472,555,1865,1889]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(CBF 3345), from Parque Nacional Noel Kempff, Provincia Velasco, Departamento Santa Cruz (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A1DFF96FFA72A2FF8892883F814" box="[369,467,1901,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1423,1446]" captionTargetBox="[175,1415,435,1388]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,409,1402]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Rhaebo ecuadorensis sp. nov. 1. Estación Biológica Tiputini; 2. Quebrada Napinaza; 3. Cuyabeno; 4. Type locality (white circle): Parque Nacional Yasuní; 5. Bobonaza; 6. Conambo; 7. El Porvenir; 8. Río Misahuallí; 9. Bloque Shiripuno; 10. Ávila Viejo; 11. Cononaco; 12. Pablo López de Oglán; 13. Río Pucayacu; 14. Diez de Agosto; 15. Leticia; 16. Pusuno; 17. Tivacuno; 18. Coca; 19. Puerto Bolivar; 20. Panguana; 21. Parque Nacional Noel Kempff; 22. Taisha. Squares represent literature records from Schlüter (1981) and Lötters et al. (2000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/214923/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), although it is a little smaller than the observed by JJM (20.0 mm SVL), can also be referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72A4CF8752B51F838" box="[274,513,1937,1961]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72A4CF8752B51F838" box="[274,513,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, confirming the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA7281FF8762AA2F838" box="[833,1010,1937,1961]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA7281FF8762AA2F838" box="[833,1010,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">R. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72F4BF8752D09F838" box="[1045,1113,1937,1961]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72FD1F8752DB5F838" box="[1167,1253,1937,1961]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Finally, JJM, in search of additional records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF96FFA72AA0F8512BBFF85C" box="[510,751,1973,1997]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF96FFA72AA0F8512BBFF85C" box="[510,751,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Rhaebo ecuadorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Central Amazon of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF96FFA72F7BF8512D3DF85C" box="[1061,1133,1973,1997]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, examined photographs of two specimens deposited at Coleção de Vertebrados da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), kindly provided by Dr. Robson Avila; however, both specimens [UFMT 5485 from Aripuanã municipality (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF98FFA92FA3FF582C39FF45" box="[1277,1385,188,212]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" precision="925" value="-59.45">59º 27'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF98FFA92E29FF5829EBFF66" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" precision="925" value="-10.15">10º 9'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Northern Mato Grosso State,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF98FFA92979FF3B2B3EFF66" box="[551,622,223,247]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and UFMT 5850 from Araputanga (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF98FFA92F44FF3B2D27FF66" box="[1050,1143,223,247]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" precision="925" value="-15.133333">15°08’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F505FFF98FFA92FDEFF3B2DBAFF66" box="[1152,1258,223,247]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" precision="925" value="-58.9">58°54’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), western Mato Grosso State,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7608FF98FFA92A6CFEE02829FE8D" box="[306,377,260,284]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
] are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D1BFF98FFA92AEEFEE02B37FE8D" box="[432,615,260,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhaebo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guttatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA8AFF98FFA92AEEFEE02B37FE8D" box="[432,615,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Rhaebo guttatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |