258 lines
30 KiB
XML
258 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="9A45FE30C6117C7663FEBC679AD53440" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930410001708678" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5221528" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629371978677" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Quicke, Donald L. J. & Shaw, Mark R." docDate="2005" docId="03B75A54FFFAD817543CD6B23928FD71" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.39.7.531-537.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 39 (7)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930410001708678" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C.2:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Pholichora subscleroma Quicke and Shaw 2005, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="535" masterDocId="FF8E222CFFF9D8115576D3493D77FFB9" masterDocTitle="First host record for the rogadine genus Pholichora van Achterberg (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with description of a new species and notes on convergent wing venation features" masterLastPageNumber="537" masterPageNumber="531" pageNumber="532" updateTime="1699069884948" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="EBBC4BC8D872D9E1ECF4A88A22CB1CE7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="ACDF56A925C1B015DB3165FEB787D755">
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<mods:title id="7DA87B638EAB272C3C48CDE29EC12E0F">First host record for the rogadine genus Pholichora van Achterberg (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with description of a new species and notes on convergent wing venation features</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="2EC6C6E328EDBAA3CA17F03644CD4B5B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C656A86A93840B6B04CC6FA1BF447B91">
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<mods:roleTerm id="52F2A364BEE76AAEC4DFF099C4385ECD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9F4646A68D8DB3A6F20E778125DEF36E">Quicke, Donald L. J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="17C81CC4226DC312FF64A3A727F4DF13" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1B583FA00C425B1BE7CDCF42B14FA00D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7ECAB74FBDBD8ABBA9D63ECF715CDD76">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="42B6D2F6EBEBBFFBAC7FB4758E80E057">Shaw, Mark R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5A00384F7D80849C0A58EE4A579B5CA0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="E6FA7CDAAECC84EF7B45D0A6C01C14D1" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8416BA00EF84E8FF78943FD9236C8F94">
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<mods:title id="0482B3ADC8AE385A425BF6F0E9AB0AB9">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="982BD718CA4FF903A03BFB692CE31333">
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<mods:date id="65FB8DC819B9FA6992F4A7F16B50AE2D">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="7E561F08BA84C56FAF80AA9BA850CB3E" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="7F20A06215A4FADD878BBD231B14CC52">2005-02-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="61DD43CD931A81C25688502CAF374BE2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B3ABA89D543547A325B3DC9628C2EE7D">39</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="E624B2743D68FC85BCC91048B255F8C7" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="7F7BCFB4881BA52300469619F9609767">7</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="AF4A8738060B15E4D160CAB9C1C4429D" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="34F19B51191769611F224AB607336B5C">531</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="93800E4C23944D8E9B5AE8025827AC36">537</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="467CDB05DE7C92DA713E3FA0135B0C75">
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<mods:url id="0A0F42429418C0D26EF1DA5695F6801E">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930410001708678</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="505C23E3B70094234E4F7D813605B3D3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AD16F91AAE8532032CBD137C19D25FB8" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930410001708678</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5797AB41FAE38D56CCC95D289A30D0DF" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E2FBB0F504D8F224EFDD708DE2F314DF" type="Zenodo-Dep">5221528</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03B75A54FFFAD817543CD6B23928FD71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B75A54FFFAD817543CD6B23928FD71" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B75A54FFFAD817543CD6B23928FD71" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">
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<subSubSection id="C304B8C9FFFAD812543CD6B23EBFF9AA" box="[330,968,1531,1555]" pageId="3" pageNumber="532" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFAD812543CD6B23EBFF9AA" blockId="3.[330,968,1531,1587]" box="[330,968,1531,1555]" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">
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<heading id="D0E95C2EFFFAD812543CD6B23EBFF9AA" box="[330,968,1531,1555]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="532" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFAD812543CD6B23E29F9AA" authority="Quicke and Shaw" authorityName="Quicke and Shaw" authorityYear="2005" box="[330,862,1531,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Pholichora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subscleroma" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFAD812543CD6B23FF3F9AA" bold="true" box="[330,644,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">Pholichora subscleroma</emphasis>
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Quicke and Shaw
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2598A2BFFFAD812561AD6B23EBFF9AA" box="[876,968,1531,1555]" pageId="3" pageNumber="532" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C304B8C9FFFAD817574CD5523928FD71" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="3" pageNumber="532" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFAD812574CD5523FA0F98A" blockId="3.[330,968,1531,1587]" box="[570,727,1563,1587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1325F7C7FFFAD8125737D5523FB9F98A" box="[577,718,1563,1587]" captionStart-0="Figures 1–4" captionStart-1="Figures 5–8" captionStartId-0="4.[138,207,865,884]" captionStartId-1="5.[125,194,860,879]" captionTargetBox-0="[185,1140,135,829]" captionTargetBox-1="[171,1128,133,824]" captionTargetId-0="figure-221@4.[183,1140,133,829]" captionTargetId-1="figure-222@5.[171,1128,133,824]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="Figures 1–4. Pholichora subscleroma n. sp., Automontageẹ light micrographs. (1) Head, facial aspect to show transverse sculpture; (2) Head, lateral aspect; (3) Head, dorsal aspect; (4) Mesosoma, lateral aspect." captionText-1="Figures 5–8. Pholichora subscleroma n. sp., Automontageẹ light micrographs. (5) Wings; (6) Part of subbasal cell showing patch of dense setae on thickened area of wing membrane (arrow); (7) Most of metasoma, dorsal aspect; (8) Apex of metasoma showing ovipositor sheath, lateral aspect." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221530" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221532" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5221530/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5221532/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">Figures 1–8</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFAD815550BD5143F03FBB3" blockId="3.[125,1173,1628,1684]" lastBlockId="4.[138,1185,945,1034]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="533" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFAD812550BD5143C47F9CD" box="[125,304,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B76E11FFFFAD815544AD5153C15FC53" collectingDate="1956-04-30" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Ref. No. & RT Ltd Zebediela' & Locality Zebediela Transvaal, O. P & Ex" country="South Africa" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="533" location="Idem No" pageId="3" pageNumber="532" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54A555E0FFFAD812544AD5153CDBF9CD" box="[316,428,1628,1652]" pageId="3" pageNumber="532" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: female [
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<collectingCountry id="F309ABD2FFFAD812574ED5153F92F9CD" box="[568,741,1628,1652]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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] ‘‘
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<location id="8EC1BD99FFFAD8125666D5153EE2F9CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B75A54FFFAD817543CD6B23928FD71:8EC1BD99FFFAD8125666D5153EE2F9CD" box="[784,917,1628,1652]" country="South Africa" name="Idem No" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">Idem No</location>
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: ZEB HP.2,
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<collectorName id="26EB8E94FFFAD8125112D5153DDDF92D" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">Ref. No.</collectorName>
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<date id="FFA0CD82FFFAD81255C5D5353C5BF92D" box="[179,300,1660,1684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="532" value="1956-04-30">
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<collectingDate id="EFE4346AFFFAD81255C5D5353C5BF92D" box="[179,300,1660,1684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="532" value="1956-04-30">30.4.1956</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, A.
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<collectorName id="26EB8E94FFFAD8125417D5353F31F92D" box="[353,582,1660,1684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">RT Ltd Zebediela’</collectorName>
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’, ‘‘
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<collectorName id="26EB8E94FFFAD8125712D535397BF92D" box="[612,1036,1660,1684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="532">Locality Zebediela Transvaal, O. P</collectorName>
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. Schoeman
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<date id="FFA0CD82FFFDD81555FCD0F83C73FC70" box="[138,260,945,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" value="1956-04-30">
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<collectingDate id="EFE4346AFFFDD81555FCD0F83C73FC70" box="[138,260,945,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" value="1956-04-30">30.4.1956</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, A.
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<collectorName id="26EB8E94FFFDD815544CD0F83F57FC70" box="[314,544,945,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">RT Ltd Zebediela’</collectorName>
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’, and ‘‘
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<collectorName id="26EB8E94FFFDD8155701D0F83FEDFC70" box="[631,666,945,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">Ex</collectorName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFDD81557D3D0F839D6FC70" authority="Schiff, C. I. E." authorityName="Schiff, C. I. E." box="[677,1185,945,969]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ascotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="selenaria" subSpecies="reciprocaria">
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<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFDD81557D3D0F83E96FC70" box="[677,993,945,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">Ascotis selenaria reciprocaria</emphasis>
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Schiff, C. I. E.
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</taxonomicName>
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15771’’ (
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<collectionCode id="ED0F7387FFFDD815558ED09B3C2DFC53" box="[248,346,978,1002]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">BMNH</collectionCode>
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)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B76E11FFFFDD8155404D09B3EE6FC53" box="[370,913,978,1002]" collectingDate="1956-04-30" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Ref. No. & RT Ltd Zebediela' & Locality Zebediela Transvaal, O. P & Ex" country="South Africa" location="Idem No" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54A555E0FFFDD8155404D09B3C91FC53" box="[370,486,978,1002]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCount id="9D1820CBFFFDD8155483D09B3F06FC53" box="[501,625,978,1002]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
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, same data as holotype
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B76E11FFFFDD81556D7D09B3F07FBB3" collectionCode="BMNH" country="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount id="9D1820CBFFFDD81556D7D09B3934FC53" box="[929,1091,978,1002]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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lacking head, most legs and fore wings (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED0F7387FFFDD8155770D0BB3F1FFBB3" box="[518,616,1010,1034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">BMNH</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF61BBCAFFFDD81555FCD0283941FC36" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221530" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5221530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221530/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" startId="4.[138,207,865,884]" targetBox="[185,1140,135,829]" targetPageId="4">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFDD81555FCD0283941FC36" blockId="4.[138,1185,865,911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">
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||
Figures 1–4.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFDD815547DD0283CA1FCCD" authority="Quicke & Shaw, 2005" authorityName="Quicke & Shaw" authorityYear="2005" box="[267,470,865,884]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Pholichora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subscleroma" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFDD815547DD0283CA1FCCD" box="[267,470,865,884]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">Pholichora subscleroma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2598A2BFFFDD8155496D0283F6EFCCD" box="[480,537,865,884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, Automontage
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<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFDD81557D2D02A3FC7FCCD" bold="true" box="[676,688,867,884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">ẹ</emphasis>
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light micrographs. (1) Head, facial aspect to show transverse sculpture; (2) Head, lateral aspect; (3) Head, dorsal aspect; (4)
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFDD8155632D0353EDCFC36" box="[836,939,892,911]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
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, lateral aspect.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFDD81555FCD77A3E4CFBF2" blockId="4.[138,827,1075,1099]" box="[138,827,1075,1099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">
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||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFDD81555FCD77A3DA9FBF2" box="[138,222,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">Length.</emphasis>
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||
Length of body
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||
<quantity id="4CE646A7FFFDD81554DFD77A3F73FBF2" box="[425,516,1075,1099]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="7.8">7.8 mm</quantity>
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||
and of fore wing
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||
<quantity id="4CE646A7FFFDD81557A1D77A3E40FBF2" box="[727,823,1075,1099]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFDD81555FCD73D3E0EFA36" blockId="4.[138,1185,1140,1423]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">
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||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFDD81555FCD73D3C18FB35" box="[138,367,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325F7C7FFFDD81555A1D73D3C16FB35" box="[215,353,1140,1164]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="4.[138,207,865,884]" captionTargetBox="[185,1140,135,829]" captionTargetId="figure-221@4.[183,1140,133,829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1–4. Pholichora subscleroma n. sp., Automontageẹ light micrographs. (1) Head, facial aspect to show transverse sculpture; (2) Head, lateral aspect; (3) Head, dorsal aspect; (4) Mesosoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221530/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">Figures 1–3</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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||
Antenna with 55 flagellomeres (male; incomplete in available female specimen). Terminal flagellomere acuminate (male). Basal flagellomere (female) 1.15× longer than wide, rather oblique apically, approximately as long as second flagellomere laterally and 1.15× longer than third. Height of clypeus: inter-tentorial distance: tentorioocular distance51.0:2.7:1.0. Head transverse, 1.5× wider than maximally long in dorsal view. Width of head 2.7× shortest distance between eyes. Eyes strongly emarginate. Height of eye 1.7× shortest distance between eyes. Posterior ocellar line: transverse diameter of posterior ocellus: shortest distance between posterior ocellus and eye51.3:3.3:1.0. Occiput rugulose to finely transversely striate.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFDD81555FCD6F03D8BF92B" blockId="4.[138,1185,1464,1682]" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFDD81555FCD6F03C08FA69" box="[138,383,1464,1488]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFDD81555FCD6F03D8DFA69" box="[138,250,1465,1488]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="4" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325F7C7FFFDD815547DD6F13C06FA69" box="[267,369,1464,1488]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="4.[138,207,865,884]" captionTargetBox="[185,1140,135,829]" captionTargetId="figure-221@4.[183,1140,133,829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figures 1–4. Pholichora subscleroma n. sp., Automontageẹ light micrographs. (1) Head, facial aspect to show transverse sculpture; (2) Head, lateral aspect; (3) Head, dorsal aspect; (4) Mesosoma, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221530/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="533">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Mesoscutum coriaceous-rugulose and densely short-setose. Notauli weakly impressed. Mesopleuron with a large, slightly concave, area of fine dorso-ventral striation. Scutellar sulcus with five carinae between the outer ones, though the medial one is rather weak. Scutellum entirely with fine longitudinal striation, and with lateral carinae (as extensions of lateral carinae of scutellar sulcus) largely complete. Propodeum with moderately developed protuberances laterally; mid-longitudinal carina of propodeum complete.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF61BBCAFFFCD814550BD0153FA3FC1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221532" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5221532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221532/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="534" startId="5.[125,194,860,879]" targetBox="[171,1128,133,824]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFCD814550BD0153FA3FC1D" blockId="5.[125,1173,860,932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">
|
||
Figures 5–8.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFCD814558AD0153CB4FCD6" authority="Quicke & Shaw, 2005" authorityName="Quicke & Shaw" authorityYear="2005" box="[252,451,860,879]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Pholichora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="534" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subscleroma" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFCD814558AD0153CB4FCD6" box="[252,451,860,879]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">Pholichora subscleroma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2598A2BFFFCD81454BCD0153F77FCD6" box="[458,512,860,879]" pageId="5" pageNumber="534" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, Automontage
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFCD81457FFD0173FE2FCD6" bold="true" box="[649,661,862,879]" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">ẹ</emphasis>
|
||
light micrographs. (5) Wings; (6) Part of subbasal cell showing patch of dense setae on thickened area of wing membrane (arrow); (7) Most of metasoma, dorsal aspect; (8) Apex of metasoma showing ovipositor sheath, lateral aspect.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFCD814550BD0B13F06FB29" blockId="5.[125,1173,1016,1234]" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFCD814550BD0B13C1AFBA9" box="[125,365,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">
|
||
Wings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325F7C7FFFCD81455A4D0B13C29FBA9" box="[210,350,1016,1040]" captionStart="Figures 5–8" captionStartId="5.[125,194,860,879]" captionTargetBox="[171,1128,133,824]" captionTargetId="figure-222@5.[171,1128,133,824]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 5–8. Pholichora subscleroma n. sp., Automontageẹ light micrographs. (5) Wings; (6) Part of subbasal cell showing patch of dense setae on thickened area of wing membrane (arrow); (7) Most of metasoma, dorsal aspect; (8) Apex of metasoma showing ovipositor sheath, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221532/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">Figures 5, 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Fore wing: vein 1-M moderately curved posteriorly. Length of veins r:3-SR:SR151.0:1.76:3.64. Vein r-m 0.67× vein 2-SR. Lengths of veins m-cu:2- SR+M52.25:1.0. Subbasal cell largely glabrous apically, with a distinct patch of dense setae on a small, slightly thickened area of wing membrane, but without a distinct sclerome. Vein 1-CU1 0.78× length of vein 2-CU1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFCD81455EED7D03C16FB6B" blockId="5.[125,1173,1016,1234]" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">Hind wing: vein 2-SR+M longitudinal, 0.42× length of vein 1-M. Vein M+CU 1.1× length of vein 1-M.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFCD814550BD7B2396DFAEA" blockId="5.[125,1172,1274,1363]" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFCD814550BD7B23DC0FAAB" box="[125,183,1275,1298]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Length of hind femur (excluding trochantellus): tibia: tarsus542:61:52. Hind femur (excluding trochantellus), tibia, and basitarsus 3.9, 9.0, and 6.15× longer than maximally deep, respectively. Hind tibial spurs 0.42 and 0.33× length of hind basitarsus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFCD814550BD6353927F98D" blockId="5.[125,1172,1403,1588]" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFCD814550BD6353CEAFA2A" box="[125,413,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">
|
||
Metasoma (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325F7C7FFFCD8145476D6323CF9FA2A" box="[256,398,1403,1427]" captionStart="Figures 5–8" captionStartId="5.[125,194,860,879]" captionTargetBox="[171,1128,133,824]" captionTargetId="figure-222@5.[171,1128,133,824]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figures 5–8. Pholichora subscleroma n. sp., Automontageẹ light micrographs. (5) Wings; (6) Part of subbasal cell showing patch of dense setae on thickened area of wing membrane (arrow); (7) Most of metasoma, dorsal aspect; (8) Apex of metasoma showing ovipositor sheath, lateral aspect." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221532/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">Figures 7, 8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Densely clothed with short setae. First metasomal tergite 1.1× wider posteriorly than medially long; with longitudinal striation and complete strong midlongitudinal carina. Second metasomal tergite 1.36× wider posteriorly than medially long; largely finely longitudinally striate, with a distinct but fine mid-longitudinal carina but without a mid-basal triangular area. Third tergite largely finely striate becoming densely punctate posteriorly. Ovipositor sheaths distinctly up-curved and expanded distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFCD814550BD51439E2F92C" blockId="5.[125,1173,1629,1685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFCD814550BD5143D80F9CC" box="[125,247,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="534">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Largely yellowish. Antennae black except medial part of scapus which is dark brown. Stemmaticum and ovipositor sheath black. Telotarsi darkened apico-dorsally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFFD81755FCD3C03927FF78" blockId="6.[138,1185,137,193]" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">Wings hyaline with apical 0.4 distinctly grey; venation yellow-brown except for fore wing vein C+SC+R, anterior half of pterostigma and parastigma which are nearly black.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFFD81755FCD3A33FFDFEDA" blockId="6.[138,1185,234,712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFFD81755FCD3A33DB8FEB8" box="[138,207,234,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species does not run easily in the key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFFD817561AD3A33949FEBB" box="[876,1086,234,258]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Pholichora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFFD817561AD3A33EA8FEBB" box="[876,991,234,258]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">Pholichora</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F96B3FFFFD817510ED3A33C1BFE9B" author="van Achterberg C" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" pagination="1 - 102" refId="ref3403" refString="van Achterberg C. 1991. Revision of the genera of the Afrotropical and W. Palaeartical Rogadinae Foerster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Zool Verh (Leiden) 273: 1 - 102." type="journal article" year="1991">van Achterberg (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. It can be distinguished from all other species in that key by the longitudinal hind wing vein 2-SC+R (transverse in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFFD8175787D2623E35FEFA" box="[753,834,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">inopina</emphasis>
|
||
van Achterberg,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFFD8175162D2623C7CFEDA" authority="van Achterberg" authorityName="van Achterberg" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Pholichora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipanna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFFD8175162D262391AFEFA" box="[1044,1133,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">bipanna</emphasis>
|
||
van Achterberg
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFFD817543ED2023C8CFEDA" box="[328,507,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">madagascarensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Granger)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1EB42FFFFD81755D3D2253928FD71" blockId="6.[138,1185,234,712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Unfortunately, no host remains are associated with the three available specimens, so it is possible that the associated data are incorrect. However, the putative host, the giant looper,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFFD81755FCD2E43CBFFE7C" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[138,456,429,453]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ascotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reciprocaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFFD81755FCD2E43C2EFE7C" box="[138,345,429,453]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">Ascotis reciprocaria</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFFD81754A1D2E43F1CFE7C" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[471,619,429,453]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFFD8175700D2E43E66FE7C" box="[630,785,429,453]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Ennominae), is an important pest of a variety of commercial crops including citrus fruits, and therefore we feel that making this identification known may have some value for biocontrol.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFFD81756E6D2A73C59FD9F" authority="Denis and Schiffermuller" authorityName="Denis and Schiffermuller" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ascotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="selenaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFFD81756E6D2A73960FDBF" box="[912,1047,494,518]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">A. selenaria</emphasis>
|
||
Denis and Schiffermüller
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A555E0FFFFD8175434D1473C02FD9F" box="[322,373,526,550]" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309ABD2FFFFD81754A9D1473F42FD9F" box="[479,565,526,550]" name="Austria" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
||
) was treated as a senior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFFD817568AD14739D6FD9F" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1020,1185,526,550]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ascotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reciprocaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFFD817568AD14739D6FD9F" box="[1020,1185,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">A. reciprocaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A555E0FFFFD81755E4D1673DB2FDFF" box="[146,197,558,582]" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309ABD2FFFFD8175451D1673C03FDFF" box="[295,372,558,582]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309ABD2FFFFD8175408D1673F64FDFF" box="[382,531,558,582]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
) in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F96B3FFFFD8175749D1673FA2FDFF" author="Janse AJT" box="[575,725,558,582]" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" refId="ref2863" refString="Janse AJT. 1932. The moths of South Africa 1 - 2 (Geometridae). Durban: E. P. & Commercial Printing Co. 2 volumes." type="journal volume" year="1932">Janse (1932)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but the African taxon is now treated as a separate species, under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFFD8175769D1063FC9FDDE" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[543,702,591,615]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ascotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reciprocaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A3750FFFFD8175769D1063FC9FDDE" box="[543,702,591,615]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="535">A. reciprocaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as in the recent checklist of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E90C1FFFFD817517CD1063CF1FD3E" authority="(Parsons et al. 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Parsons" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
Geometridae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F96B3FFFFD81755E4D1263C0AFD3E" author="Parsons MS & Scoble MJ & Honey MR & Pitkin LM & Pitkin BR" box="[146,381,623,647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="535" pagination="1" refId="ref2894" refString="Parsons MS, Scoble MJ, Honey MR, Pitkin LM, Pitkin BR. 1999. The catalogue. In: Scoble MJ, editor. Geometrid moths of the world: a catalogue vol. 1. Collingwood (Australia): CSIRO Publishing." type="book chapter" year="1999">Parsons et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, though there are apparently still some taxonomic issues to resolve (L. Pitkin, personal communication). When feeding on citrus crops, the host larva eats the outer layer of the fruit and causes a great deal of both cosmetic and actual damage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |