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<document id="258666F44C27749CADF9F02CFCDA8462" ID-CLB-Dataset="22374" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2015.149" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5f7efcfd-9137-4909-8125-f4cc7d9bae9f" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3787554" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588704016992" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Taylor, Paul D. &amp; Tan, Shau-Hwai Aileen" docDate="2015" docId="9C3C87B4BB31E43FFDA8FC53FDC3FAA2" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2015-149a.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 149" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Sinoflustra amoyensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="6005FFCCBB3BE434FF8EFF92FFFEFFB2" masterDocTitle="Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698838607080" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="412ADE288E888A847EAFCFED7F59DA97">Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BF1231A832B621BCCBBB9B0EB7E942EF">Taylor, Paul D.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="9C3C87B4BB31E43FFDA8FC53FDC3FAA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3793815" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163963459" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3793815" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C3C87B4BB31E43FFDA8FC53FDC3FAA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C3C87B4BB31E43FFDA8FC53FDC3FAA2" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB31E43EFDA8FC53FBF0FC69" box="[550,1038,960,988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB31E43EFDA8FC53FBF0FC69" blockId="10.[550,1038,960,1022]" box="[550,1038,960,988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB31E43EFDA8FC53FBF0FC69" ID-CoL="6Z38Y" authority="(Robertson, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[550,1038,960,988]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Sinoflustridae" genus="Sinoflustra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="amoyensis">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFDA8FC53FCCEFC69" bold="true" box="[550,816,960,988]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sinoflustra amoyensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB31E43EFCCEFC53FBFBFC69" author="Robertson A." box="[832,1029,961,987]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="33 - 65" refId="ref15315" refString="Robertson A. 1921. Report on a collection of Bryozoa from the Bay of Bengal and other eastern seas. Records of the Indian Museum 22: 33 - 65. Available from http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 41901 # page / 71 / mode / 1 up [accessed 29 Sep. 2015]" type="journal article" year="1921">Robertson, 1921</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB31E43EFD53FC76FCA8FC4C" box="[733,854,996,1022]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB31E43EFD53FC76FCA8FC4C" blockId="10.[550,1038,960,1022]" box="[733,854,996,1022]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<figureCitation id="8CAE2A27BB31E43EFD53FC76FCDEFC4C" box="[733,800,996,1022]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1201,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[171,1411,1195,1831]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. — AC. Arbopercula sp. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY009. A. Group of zooids. B. Zooids showing spines. C. Distal end of a zooid with a pair of oral spines and the proximal circumopesial spine of the next distal zooid. — DF. Sinoflustra amoyensis (Robertson, 1921). Batu Muang, Penang, MSL BRY010. D. Part of a colony. E. Detail of a group of zooids at the broken edge. F. Opesia and cryptocystal spinules. Scale bars: A, D = 500 μm; B, E = 200 μm; C, F = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787564/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
DF
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB31E43EFF33FBB4FCA8FBC8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB31E43EFF33FBB4FCC6FBF2" blockId="10.[189,824,1062,1088]" box="[189,824,1062,1088]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<treatmentCitation id="953410B3BB31E43EFF33FBB4FD17FBF2" author="Robertson A." box="[189,745,1062,1088]" page="49" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1921">
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB31E43EFF33FBB4FD17FBF2" authority="Robertson, 1921: 49" authorityName="Robertson" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1921" box="[189,745,1062,1088]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Membraniporidae" genus="Membranipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="amoyensis">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFF33FBB4FE0EFBF2" box="[189,496,1062,1088]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Membranipora amoyensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB31E43EFE79FBB4FD17FBF2" author="Robertson A." box="[503,745,1062,1088]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="33 - 65" refId="ref15315" refString="Robertson A. 1921. Report on a collection of Bryozoa from the Bay of Bengal and other eastern seas. Records of the Indian Museum 22: 33 - 65. Available from http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 41901 # page / 71 / mode / 1 up [accessed 29 Sep. 2015]" type="journal article" year="1921">Robertson, 1921: 49</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 6.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB31E43EFF33FBF3FCA8FBC8" blockId="10.[189,854,1120,1147]" box="[189,854,1120,1147]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3485118CBB31E43EFF33FBF3FCA8FBC8" box="[189,854,1120,1147]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB31E43EFF33FBF3FE43FBC8" ID-CoL="6Z38Y" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[189,445,1120,1147]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Sinoflustridae" genus="Sinoflustra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="amoyensis">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFF33FBF3FE43FBC8" box="[189,445,1120,1147]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sinoflustra amoyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="953410B3BB31E43EFE55FBF2FD1BFBC8" author="Liu X. &amp; Yang Z." box="[475,741,1120,1146]" page="349" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB31E43EFE55FBF2FD1BFBC8" author="Liu X. &amp; Yang Z." box="[475,741,1120,1146]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="346 - 355" refId="ref14812" refString="Liu X. &amp; Yang Z. 1995. Systematic position of Membranipora amoyensis Robertson, 1921 (Membraniporoidea: Cheilostomata). In: Proceedings of the Marine Science Seminar on Taiwan Strait and the Adjacent Seas: 346 - 355. Oceanic Press, Beijing." type="book chapter" year="1995">Liu &amp; Yang 1995: 349</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 12.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="40EA662ABB31E43EFF33F8AEFB83F856" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787564" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3787564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787564/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[189,232,1852,1878]" targetBox="[189,1399,1201,1823]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB31E43EFF33F8AEFB83F856" blockId="10.[189,1399,1852,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFF33F8AEFE8FF8E4" bold="true" box="[189,369,1852,1879]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5. — AC</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB31E43EFE0EF8AFFDEDF8E5" authorityName="Nikulina" authorityYear="2010" box="[384,531,1853,1879]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Electridae" genus="Arbopercula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFE0EF8AFFDEDF8E5" box="[384,531,1853,1879]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Arbopercula</emphasis>
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sp. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY009. A. Group of zooids. B. Zooids showing spines. C. Distal end of a zooid with a pair of oral spines and the proximal circumopesial spine of the next distal zooid. —
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFDCBF811FD85F82F" bold="true" box="[581,635,1923,1949]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">DF</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB31E43EFD04F816FB92F82F" authority="(Robertson, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[650,1132,1923,1950]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Sinoflustridae" genus="Sinoflustra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="amoyensis">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB31E43EFD04F816FC75F82C" box="[650,907,1923,1950]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sinoflustra amoyensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB31E43EFC15F811FB9DF82F" author="Robertson A." box="[923,1123,1923,1949]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="33 - 65" refId="ref15315" refString="Robertson A. 1921. Report on a collection of Bryozoa from the Bay of Bengal and other eastern seas. Records of the Indian Museum 22: 33 - 65. Available from http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 41901 # page / 71 / mode / 1 up [accessed 29 Sep. 2015]" type="journal article" year="1921">Robertson, 1921</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Batu Muang, Penang, MSL BRY010. D. Part of a colony. E. Detail of a group of zooids at the broken edge. F. Opesia and cryptocystal spinules. Scale bars: A, D = 500 μm; B, E = 200 μm; C, F = 100 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB30E43FFF33FE9AFEB0FEC7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB30E43FFF33FE9AFED4FE90" blockId="11.[189,298,264,290]" box="[189,298,264,290]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="4F6281CEBB30E43FFF33FE9AFED4FE90" bold="true" box="[189,298,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="3">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB30E43FFF33FE9AFED4FE90" bold="true" box="[189,298,264,290]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB30E43FFF33FEAAFEB0FEC7" blockId="11.[189,1398,312,373]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<collectingCountry id="6C827632BB30E43FFF33FEAAFEA4FEE0" box="[189,346,312,338]" name="Malaysia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
: MSL BRY010, Batu Muang,
<collectingRegion id="D651F840BB30E43FFD5EFEAAFCD7FEE0" box="[720,809,312,338]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Penang</collectingRegion>
, encrusting a barnacle from debris adjacent to a fishing jetty.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB30E43FFF33FE09FAF4FD69" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB30E43FFF33FE09FEB0FE07" blockId="11.[189,334,411,437]" box="[189,334,411,437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="4F6281CEBB30E43FFF33FE09FEB0FE07" bold="true" box="[189,334,411,437]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="3">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB30E43FFF33FE09FEB0FE07" bold="true" box="[189,334,411,437]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB30E43FFF33FE59FAF4FD69" blockId="11.[189,1399,459,731]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Colony encrusting, multiserial, unilamellar. Ancestrula and early astogeny not observed. Autozooids subrectangular, rounded distally, slender, typically twice as long as wide,
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long by
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wide; zooidal boundaries marked by a narrow fissure; opesia occupying two-thirds of frontal surface, elongate inverted pear-shaped; cryptocyst convex, widest proximally, narrowing distally, covered by small pustules, about 1016 cryptocystal spinules extending from mural rim over proximal two-thirds of opesia, but not meeting, distal third of opesia broad and spineless (
<figureCitation id="8CAE2A27BB30E43FFB0DFDE9FB21FD27" box="[1155,1247,635,661]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1201,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[171,1411,1195,1831]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. — AC. Arbopercula sp. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY009. A. Group of zooids. B. Zooids showing spines. C. Distal end of a zooid with a pair of oral spines and the proximal circumopesial spine of the next distal zooid. — DF. Sinoflustra amoyensis (Robertson, 1921). Batu Muang, Penang, MSL BRY010. D. Part of a colony. E. Detail of a group of zooids at the broken edge. F. Opesia and cryptocystal spinules. Scale bars: A, D = 500 μm; B, E = 200 μm; C, F = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787564/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
); gymnocyst lacking. Spines present at distolateral corners of autozooids, spines broken off in studied specimens, leaving a small rounded triangular base with a central pore (
<figureCitation id="8CAE2A27BB30E43FFCF3FD53FC29FD69" box="[893,983,705,731]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1852,1878]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,1201,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[171,1411,1195,1831]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. — AC. Arbopercula sp. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY009. A. Group of zooids. B. Zooids showing spines. C. Distal end of a zooid with a pair of oral spines and the proximal circumopesial spine of the next distal zooid. — DF. Sinoflustra amoyensis (Robertson, 1921). Batu Muang, Penang, MSL BRY010. D. Part of a colony. E. Detail of a group of zooids at the broken edge. F. Opesia and cryptocystal spinules. Scale bars: A, D = 500 μm; B, E = 200 μm; C, F = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3787564/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
). Avicularia not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5C8F6529BB30E43FFF33FC90FDC3FAA2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB30E43FFF33FC90FED1FCAE" blockId="11.[189,303,770,796]" box="[189,303,770,796]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="4F6281CEBB30E43FFF33FC90FED1FCAE" bold="true" box="[189,303,770,796]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="3">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB30E43FFF33FC90FED1FCAE" bold="true" box="[189,303,770,796]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB30E43FFF33FCA3FDEAFBD7" blockId="11.[189,1399,817,1126]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
The original figure of
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB30E43FFE46FCA3FD6DFCF9" author="Robertson A." box="[456,659,817,843]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="33 - 65" refId="ref15315" refString="Robertson A. 1921. Report on a collection of Bryozoa from the Bay of Bengal and other eastern seas. Records of the Indian Museum 22: 33 - 65. Available from http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 41901 # page / 71 / mode / 1 up [accessed 29 Sep. 2015]" type="journal article" year="1921">Robertson (1921</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 6) shows zooids with branching spines at the distolateral corners. Although spines are not preserved in the studied material from
<collectingRegion id="D651F840BB30E43FFB81FCC6FB96FCDC" box="[1039,1128,852,878]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Penang</collectingRegion>
, their bases are clearly visible in these locations. Robertsons Chinese material also has slightly shorter cryptocystal spinules and the opesia is ellipsoidal in outline compared with the elongate inverted pear-shaped opesia of the
<collectingRegion id="D651F840BB30E43FFF33FC2CFEEDFC6A" box="[189,275,958,984]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Penang</collectingRegion>
specimens. However,
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB30E43FFD94FC2CFD2DFC6A" author="Liu X. &amp; Yin X. &amp; Ma J." box="[538,723,958,984]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref14860" refString="Liu X., Yin X. &amp; Ma J. 2001. Biology of Marine-Fouling Bryozoans in the Coastal Waters of China. Science Press, Beijing." type="book" year="2001">
Liu
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB30E43FFDC4FC2DFD7AFC6A" box="[586,644,958,984]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
(2001
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 18, fig. 3) figured a Chinese specimen of
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB30E43FFB6EFC2DFA88FC6A" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1248,1398,959,985]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Sinoflustridae" genus="Sinoflustra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="amoyensis">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB30E43FFB6EFC2DFA88FC6A" box="[1248,1398,959,985]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. amoyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with longer spinules and opesia that broaden distally. A putative colony of this species epizoic on a turtle has broader autozooids and short cryptocystal spinules (
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB30E43FFC1DFB96FB8FFBAC" author="Frazier J. G. &amp; Winston J. E. &amp; Ruckdeschel C. A." box="[915,1137,1028,1055]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14066" refString="Frazier J. G., Winston J. E. &amp; Ruckdeschel C. A. 1992. Epizoan communities on marine turtles. III. Bryozoa. Bulletin of Marine Science 51: 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1992">
Frazier
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB30E43FFC7EFB94FBD5FBAC" box="[1008,1067,1028,1055]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
1992
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1). In view of the morphological variability encompassed by specimens assigned to the species, the
<collectingRegion id="D651F840BB30E43FFB09FBBAFB23FBF0" box="[1159,1245,1064,1090]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Penang</collectingRegion>
material can be identified as
<taxonomicName id="D3954D21BB30E43FFEF8FBDEFDF3FBD7" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[374,525,1100,1126]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Sinoflustridae" genus="Sinoflustra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="amoyensis">
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB30E43FFEF8FBDEFDF3FBD7" box="[374,525,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S. amoyensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="142A36A2BB30E43FFF33FB1EFDC3FAA2" blockId="11.[189,1399,1164,1296]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Not seen in the Malaysian specimens, but sporadically developed elsewhere in this species, are vicarious avicularia (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="70044B53BB30E43FFEF2FB3DFDD1FB7B" author="Liu X. &amp; Yin X. &amp; Ma J." box="[380,559,1199,1226]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref14860" refString="Liu X., Yin X. &amp; Ma J. 2001. Biology of Marine-Fouling Bryozoans in the Coastal Waters of China. Science Press, Beijing." type="book" year="2001">
Liu
<emphasis id="26E1EAB0BB30E43FFE23FB23FE16FB7B" box="[429,488,1199,1226]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 18, fig. 3). These are longer and wider than the autozooids, and the distal part of the opesia is particularly broad, raised slightly and separated from the proximal part by two small, condyle-like indentations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>