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<document id="101B6AF137420DFF5A24AA3C60F8D956" ID-CLB-Dataset="22660" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4419.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f0d6e3e8-7d48-4440-aad9-88eb43736798" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3769633" ID-ZooBank="03CAFD21-185F-4C86-ACC3-8CEB61E7F7DD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1587999891170" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Martino, Emanuela Di &amp; Taylor, Paul D." docDate="2018" docId="CF6D87AAE855D252FF7DFEFE0EA9FC5C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4419.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4419 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Parasmittina galerita Ryland &amp; Hayward 1992" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="3354FFD2E84ED24EFFEAFF8E0D46FF89" masterDocTitle="Early Pleistocene and Holocene bryozoans from Indonesia" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698836999326" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6CF7C318CF70FC2D5E0D6A7FD3676564">Early Pleistocene and Holocene bryozoans from Indonesia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2A0537B199C9C1866B6F5F11DF397877">Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="CF6D87AAE855D252FF7DFEFE0EA9FC5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3799552" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163752464" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3799552" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF6D87AAE855D252FF7DFEFE0EA9FC5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF6D87AAE855D252FF7DFEFE0EA9FC5C" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection id="0FDE6537E855D255FF7DFEFE0F98FE03" box="[151,734,368,394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="477B36BCE855D255FF7DFEFE0F98FE03" blockId="27.[151,734,368,427]" box="[151,734,368,394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="1C3381D0E855D255FF7DFEFE0F98FE03" bold="true" box="[151,734,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE855D255FF7DFEFE0F98FE03" ID-CoL="4DCCJ" authority="Ryland &amp; Hayward, 1992" authorityName="Ryland &amp; Hayward" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,734,368,394]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="galerita">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FF7DFEFE0F98FE03" bold="true" box="[151,734,368,394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FF7DFEFE0CD1FE03" bold="true" box="[151,407,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Parasmittina galerita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE855D255FE74FEFE0F98FE03" author="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J." box="[414,734,368,394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref42586" refString="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J. (1992) Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 32, 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland &amp; Hayward, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FDE6537E855D255FF7DFE1C0CD0FE22" box="[151,406,402,427]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="477B36BCE855D255FF7DFE1C0CD0FE22" blockId="27.[151,734,368,427]" box="[151,406,402,427]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
(
<figureCitation id="DFFF2A39E855D255FF75FE1C0C67FE22" box="[159,289,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURES 77–80" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,713,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,713,1625]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 77–80. Parasmittina galerita Ryland &amp; Hayward, 1992, RGM.1350563, Holocene, UPGG041, off South Sulawesi. 77. General view of the colony fragment. The arrow indicates a spatulate vicarious avicularium. 78. Group of zooids with polymorphic avicularia. 79. Group of zooids with ooecia. 80. Close-up of an orifice showing the anvil-shaped lyrula, the pleated condyles, and a single oral spine base. Scale bars: Fig. 77 = 200 µm; Figs 78, 79 = 100 µm; Fig. 80 = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769680/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 77–80</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="0A460307E855D255FEC6FE1C0CCBFE22" box="[300,397,402,427]" captionStart="TABLE 17" captionStartId="28.[151,239,686,709]" captionText="TABLE 17. Measurements (in µm) of Parasmittina galerita Ryland &amp; Hayward, 1992." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Table 17</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FDE6537E855D255FF7DFE550E06FDC5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="477B36BCE855D255FF7DFE550FF4FE79" blockId="27.[151,1436,474,589]" box="[151,690,474,496]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67D41192E855D255FF7DFE550FF4FE79" box="[151,690,474,496]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitation id="C66510ADE855D255FF7DFE550F63FE79" author="Harmer, S. F." box="[151,549,474,496]" page="941" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1957">
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE855D255FF7DFE550F63FE79" authority=": Harmer, 1957: 941" authorityName="Harmer" authorityPageNumber="941" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,549,474,496]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Smittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="parsevalii">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FF7DFE550C11FE79" box="[151,343,474,496]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Smittina parsevalii</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE855D255FE8EFE550F63FE79" author="Harmer, S. F." box="[356,549,474,496]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="641 - 1147" refId="ref40873" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora, II. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 d, 641 - 1147." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer, 1957: 941</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 65, fig. 5.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="477B36BCE855D255FF7DFE740C33FDA7" blockId="27.[151,1436,474,589]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67D41192E855D255FF7DFE740C33FDA7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitation id="C66510ADE855D255FF7DFE740FF7FD86" author="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J." box="[151,689,505,527]" page="270" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1992">
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE855D255FF7DFE740FF7FD86" ID-CoL="4DCCJ" authority="Ryland &amp; Hayward, 1992: 270" authorityName="Ryland &amp; Hayward" authorityPageNumber="270" authorityYear="1992" box="[151,689,505,527]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="galerita">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FF7DFE740C37FD86" box="[151,369,505,527]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Parasmittina galerita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE855D255FE9DFE770FF7FD86" author="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J." box="[375,689,505,527]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref42586" refString="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J. (1992) Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 32, 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland &amp; Hayward, 1992: 270</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 21d–f;
<treatmentCitation id="C66510ADE855D255FCC1FE770965FD86" author="Tilbrook, K. J. &amp; Hayward, P. J. &amp; Gordon, D. P." box="[811,1059,505,527]" page="75" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE855D255FCC1FE770965FD86" author="Tilbrook, K. J. &amp; Hayward, P. J. &amp; Gordon, D. P." box="[811,1059,505,527]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref43297" refString="Tilbrook, K. J., Hayward, P. J. &amp; Gordon, D. P. (2001) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 131 (1), 35 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 01309. x" type="journal article" year="2001">
Tilbrook
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FC63FE740EFAFD86" box="[905,956,505,527]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
, 2001: 75
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 14A, B;
<treatmentCitation id="C66510ADE855D255FB41FE770831FD86" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[1195,1399,505,527]" page="152" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE855D255FB41FE770831FD86" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[1195,1399,505,527]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 386" refId="ref43204" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (2006) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Monographs 4 (Studies in Biodiversity Number 3), 4, 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="2006">Tilbrook, 2006: 152</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 29B, fig. 30D, E.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="477B36BCE855D255FF7DFDB60E06FDC5" blockId="27.[151,1436,474,589]" box="[151,832,566,589]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="67D41192E855D255FF7DFDB60E06FDC5" box="[151,832,566,589]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitation id="C66510ADE855D255FF7DFDB60FD0FDC5" author="Liu, X. &amp; Yin, X. &amp; Ma, J." box="[151,662,566,589]" page="625" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2001">
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE855D255FF7DFDB60FD0FDC5" ID-CoL="4DCDT" authority=": Liu et al., 2001: 625" authorityName="Liu" authorityPageNumber="625" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,662,566,589]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="parsevalioidea">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FF7DFDB60CF1FDC5" box="[151,439,566,589]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Parasmittina parsevalioidea</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE855D255FE2FFDB80FD0FDC5" author="Liu, X. &amp; Yin, X. &amp; Ma, J." box="[453,662,566,589]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref41934" refString="Liu, X., Yin, X. &amp; Ma, J. (2001) Biology of Marine-Fouling Bryozoans in the Coastal Waters of China. Science Press, Beijing, 860 pp." type="book" year="2001">
Liu
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FE04FDB60F64FDC5" box="[494,546,566,589]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
, 2001: 625
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 56, figs 1–4.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FDE6537E855D255FF7DFDF70946FD1B" box="[151,1024,633,658]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="477B36BCE855D255FF7DFDF70946FD1B" blockId="27.[151,1024,633,658]" box="[151,1024,633,658]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FF7DFDF70C2EFD1B" bold="true" box="[151,360,633,658]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figured material.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="21D5AE79E855D255FE85FDF70CF5FD1B" box="[367,435,633,658]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/47nz-wbm0" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">RGM</collectionCode>
.1350563, Holocene,
<collectionCode id="21D5AE79E855D255FD75FDF40FA9FD1B" box="[671,751,634,658]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">UPGG</collectionCode>
041, off
<collectingRegion id="8500F85EE855D255FCA0FDF70EBAFD1B" box="[842,1020,633,658]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">South Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="13BB6634E855D255FF7DF9E00870F969" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769680" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3769680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769680/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[151,264,1646,1669]" targetBox="[151,1436,713,1625]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="477B36BCE855D255FF7DF9E00870F969" blockId="27.[151,1437,1646,1760]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FF7DF9E00C12F90D" bold="true" box="[151,340,1646,1669]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURES 77–80.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE855D255FEB3F9FE0E07F90D" authority="Ryland &amp; Hayward" authorityName="Ryland &amp; Hayward" authorityYear="1992" box="[345,833,1646,1669]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="galerita">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FEB3F9FE0F72F90D" box="[345,564,1646,1669]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Parasmittina galerita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE855D255FDD0F9E00E07F90D" author="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J." box="[570,833,1646,1668]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref42586" refString="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J. (1992) Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 32, 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland &amp; Hayward, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, RGM.1350563, Holocene, UPGG041, off South Sulawesi. 77. General view of the colony fragment. The arrow indicates a spatulate vicarious avicularium. 78. Group of zooids with polymorphic avicularia. 79. Group of zooids with ooecia. 80. Close-up of an orifice showing the anvil-shaped lyrula, the pleated condyles, and a single oral spine base. Scale bars: Fig. 77 = 200 µm; Figs 78, 79 = 100 µm; Fig. 80 = 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0FDE6537E855D252FF2DF88309C4FE24" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="477B36BCE855D252FF2DF88309C4FE24" blockId="27.[151,1437,1805,2010]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE855D255FF2DF8830C1FF8AF" bold="true" box="[199,345,1805,1830]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description.</emphasis>
Colony encrusting, multiserial, multilaminar. Autozooids chaotically arranged, irregularly polygonal, distinct by narrow sutures, longer than wide (mean L/W = 1.47). Frontal shield flat to slightly convex, coarsely nodular, outlined by a single row of large marginal areolar pores, circular to teardrop-shaped,
<quantity id="803C9B59E855D255FAC2F8DB08DAF8E7" box="[1320,1436,1877,1902]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="20.0">20–50 µm</quantity>
long, with ridges in-between. Primary orifice broader than long, about
<quantity id="803C9B59E855D255FC2DF8F70954F81B" box="[967,1042,1913,1938]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 µm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="803C9B59E855D255FB96F8F4098EF81B" box="[1148,1224,1914,1938]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 µm</quantity>
wide, with a faint denticulation on the distal edge; lyrula occupying about one-third of the proximal orificial edge, anvil-shaped; condyles conspicuous, with a pleated structure, rounded, downwardly directed. One or two distal oral spine bases visible in some zooids. Peristome complete, most developed proximolaterally. Adventitious avicularia polymorphic; often one triangular avicularium (about
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FD1FFF320E0BFF5C" box="[757,845,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 µm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FC5AFF320EBFFF5C" box="[944,1017,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 µm</quantity>
wide) with complete crossbar occurs lateral to the orifice, distomedially directed, indenting the edge of the peristome; single or paired spatulate avicularia (about
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FEB7FE8A0C99FE94" box="[349,479,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="85.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="70.0">70–100 µm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FDAEFE8A0FFEFE94" box="[580,696,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30–50 µm</quantity>
wide) may occur laterally on the frontal shield at the level of the proximal orificial edge, proximally directed, crossbar not observed; small oval avicularia (about
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FB3EFEA9085BFEC9" box="[1236,1309,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FA6AFEA90DFBFEEC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 µm</quantity>
wide) with complete crossbar randomly occur along the margins of autozooids. Vicarious avicularium spatulate, about
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FEA7FEFE0CE2FE01" box="[333,420,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 µm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FDECFEE10F1AFE01" box="[518,604,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 µm</quantity>
wide. Ooecium globular, bordered by a peripheral rim of coarsely nodular calcification, with 20–24 circular, radially aligned pseudopores, about
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FC47FE1A0EB0FE24" box="[941,1014,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 µm</quantity>
in diameter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FDE6537E852D252FF2DFE390EA9FC5C" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="477B36BCE852D252FF2DFE390EBBFD0D" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE852D252FF2DFE390C7DFE59" bold="true" box="[199,315,439,464]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</emphasis>
A dozen fragments of
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE852D252FD84FE370E2DFE59" authorityName="Ryland &amp; Hayward" authorityYear="1992" box="[622,875,439,464]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="galerita">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE852D252FD84FE370E2DFE59" box="[622,875,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Parasmittina galerita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found in our samples. This species is characterized by its conspicuously pleated condyles and the array of avicularia. Originally described from Heron Island in the Great Barrier Reef (
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE852D252FDF7FE710E01FD91" author="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J." box="[541,839,511,536]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref42586" refString="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J. (1992) Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 32, 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland &amp; Hayward 1992</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE852D252FCB4FD8F0E90FD91" authorityName="Ryland &amp; Hayward" authorityYear="1992" box="[862,982,511,536]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="galerita">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE852D252FCB4FD8F0E90FD91" box="[862,982,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. galerita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was subsequently recorded in
<collectingCountry id="3FD3762CE852D252FAAAFD8E08DAFD9E" box="[1344,1436,512,535]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE852D252FF74FDAA0CC2FDB5" author="Tilbrook, K. J. &amp; Hayward, P. J. &amp; Gordon, D. P." box="[158,388,548,573]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="35 - 109" refId="ref43297" refString="Tilbrook, K. J., Hayward, P. J. &amp; Gordon, D. P. (2001) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from Vanuatu. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 131 (1), 35 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2001. tb 01309. x" type="journal article" year="2001">
Tilbrook
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE852D252FEE2FDAB0C07FDB4" box="[264,321,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
), the South
<collectingCountry id="3FD3762CE852D252FDE3FDAA0F0AFDB4" box="[521,588,548,573]" name="China" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">China</collectingCountry>
Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE852D252FD60FDAA0E73FDB5" author="Liu, X. &amp; Yin, X. &amp; Ma, J." box="[650,821,548,573]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref41934" refString="Liu, X., Yin, X. &amp; Ma, J. (2001) Biology of Marine-Fouling Bryozoans in the Coastal Waters of China. Science Press, Beijing, 860 pp." type="book" year="2001">
Liu
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE852D252FD50FDAB0FB5FDB4" box="[698,755,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
), and the
<collectingCountry id="3FD3762CE852D252FC4BFDAA091BFDB4" box="[929,1117,548,573]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE852D252FB86FDAA0855FDB4" author="Tilbrook, K. J." box="[1132,1299,548,573]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 386" refId="ref43204" refString="Tilbrook, K. J. (2006) Cheilostomatous Bryozoa from the Solomon Islands. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Monographs 4 (Studies in Biodiversity Number 3), 4, 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="2006">Tilbrook 2006</bibRefCitation>
). One of the specimens found at
<quantity id="803C9B59E852D252FE68FDC90CF9FDD6" box="[386,447,583,608]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="59.0">59 m</quantity>
depth in the Makassar Strait, assigned by
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE852D252FC52FDC60925FDE9" author="Harmer, S. F." box="[952,1123,583,608]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="641 - 1147" refId="ref40873" refString="Harmer, S. F. (1957) The Polyzoa of the Siboga Expedition. Part 4. Cheilostomata Ascophora, II. Siboga Expedition Reports, 28 d, 641 - 1147." type="journal article" year="1957">Harmer (1957)</bibRefCitation>
to
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE852D252FB65FDC70C12FD0C" authority="(Audouin, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="parsevalii">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE852D252FB65FDC708DAFDE9" box="[1167,1436,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Parasmittina parsevalii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE852D252FF74FDE20C0AFD0C" author="Audouin, J. V." box="[158,332,620,645]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 339" refId="ref38759" refString="Audouin, J. V. (1826) Explication sommaire des planches de polypes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, publiees par Jules-Cesar Savigny. In: Audouin, J. V. (Ed.), Description de l'Egypte, ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont ete faites en Egypte pendant l'expedition de l'armee francaise. Histoire Naturelle. Tome 1. Partie 4. Imprimerie Imperiale, Paris, pp. 1 - 339." type="book chapter" year="1826">Audouin, 1826</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, was reassigned to
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE852D252FDC6FDE30FE6FD0C" authorityName="Ryland &amp; Hayward" authorityYear="1992" box="[556,672,620,645]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="galerita">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE852D252FDC6FDE30FE6FD0C" box="[556,672,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. galerita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE852D252FD20FDE20EBFFD0D" author="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J." box="[714,1017,620,645]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref42586" refString="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J. (1992) Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 32, 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland &amp; Hayward (1992)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="13BB6634E852D252FF7DFD20097CFD4C" box="[151,1082,686,709]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<paragraph id="477B36BCE852D252FF7DFD20097CFD4C" blockId="28.[151,1082,686,709]" box="[151,1082,686,709]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE852D252FF7DFD200C51FD4C" bold="true" box="[151,279,686,709]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">TABLE 17.</emphasis>
Measurements (in µm) of
<taxonomicName id="80C44D3FE852D252FDDEFD200970FD4C" authority="Ryland" authorityName="Ryland" authorityYear="1992" box="[564,1078,686,709]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Smittinidae" genus="Parasmittina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="galerita">
<emphasis id="75B0EAAEE852D252FDDEFD200E5FFD4C" box="[564,793,686,709]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Parasmittina galerita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23554B4DE852D252FCCBFD200970FD4C" author="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J." box="[801,1078,686,709]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="223 - 301" refId="ref42586" refString="Ryland, J. S. &amp; Hayward, P. J. (1992) Bryozoa from Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 32, 223 - 301." type="journal article" year="1992">Ryland &amp; Hayward, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="477B36BCE852D252FE0AFD6C086AFC15" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<table id="35C4C41CE8522DB1FF75FD6F086AFC15" box="[159,1324,737,924]" colsContinueFrom="26.[159,1326,1722,1826]" colsContinueIn="29.[159,1326,1444,1796]" gridcols="5" gridrows="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<tr id="F9F434FEE8522DB1FF75FD6F086AFD7E" box="[159,1324,737,759]" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="BA255D82E8522DB1FE0AFD6F0FEAFD7E" box="[480,684,737,759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">N (colonies, zooids)</th>
<th id="BA255D82E8522DB1FCDBFD6F0E2DFD7E" box="[817,875,737,759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Mean</th>
<th id="BA255D82E8522DB1FBE8FD6F0964FD7E" box="[1026,1058,737,759]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">SD</th>
<th id="BA255D82E8522DB1FB39FD6F086AFD7E" box="[1235,1324,737,759]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Range</th>
</tr>
<tr id="F9F434FEE8522DB1FF75FC84086AFCA9" box="[159,1324,778,800]" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<th id="BA255D82E8522DB1FF75FC840C07FCA9" box="[159,321,778,800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Zooid length</th>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FE0AFC840FEAFCA9" box="[480,684,778,800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1, 10</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FCDBFC840E2DFCA9" box="[817,875,778,800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">393</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FBE8FC840964FCA9" box="[1026,1058,778,800]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">67</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FB39FC84086AFCA9" box="[1235,1324,778,800]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">308–526</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F9F434FEE8522DB1FF75FCBA086AFCC3" box="[159,1324,820,842]" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<th id="BA255D82E8522DB1FF75FCBA0C07FCC3" box="[159,321,820,842]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Zooid width</th>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FE0AFCBA0FEAFCC3" box="[480,684,820,842]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1, 10</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FCDBFCBA0E2DFCC3" box="[817,875,820,842]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">268</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FBE8FCBA0964FCC3" box="[1026,1058,820,842]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">37</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FB39FCBA086AFCC3" box="[1235,1324,820,842]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">216–335</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F9F434FEE8522DB1FF75FCD3086AFCFA" box="[159,1324,861,883]" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<th id="BA255D82E8522DB1FF75FCD30C07FCFA" box="[159,321,861,883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ooecium length</th>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FE0AFCD30FEAFCFA" box="[480,684,861,883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1, 2</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FCDBFCD30E2DFCFA" box="[817,875,861,883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">130</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FBE8FCD30964FCFA" box="[1026,1058,861,883]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">8</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FB39FCD3086AFCFA" box="[1235,1324,861,883]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">124–135</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F9F434FEE8522DB1FF75FC08086AFC15" box="[159,1324,902,924]" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<th id="BA255D82E8522DB1FF75FC080C07FC15" box="[159,321,902,924]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ooecium width</th>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FE0AFC080FEAFC15" box="[480,684,902,924]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1, 2</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FCDBFC080E2DFC15" box="[817,875,902,924]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">181</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FBE8FC080964FC15" box="[1026,1058,902,924]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">4</td>
<td id="BA255D82E8522DB1FB39FC08086AFC15" box="[1235,1324,902,924]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">178–183</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="477B36BCE852D252FF7DFC300EA9FC5C" blockId="28.[151,1007,958,981]" box="[151,1007,958,981]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">N, Number of colonies and number of zooids measured; SD, standard deviation.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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