339 lines
63 KiB
XML
339 lines
63 KiB
XML
<document id="6AD0CCA56A67F89E282FD3224ED00983" ID-CLB-Dataset="24797" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4701.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3e1731d3-dc6c-4262-bf2b-a652ad06fca3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3557773" ID-ZooBank="B1C6B96D-E9BA-4897-A9FD-EE6064BB3179" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1575043475241" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bartylak, Tomasz, Kulpa, Adam, Grobys, Daria, Kepel, Marta, Kepel, Andrzej, Kmita, Hanna, Gawlak, Magdalena, Grabiński, Wojciech, Roszkowska, Milena & Kaczmarek, Łukasz" docDate="2019" docId="654D87EBFFE4494B37FFBD60FC6EED76" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4701.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4701 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Echiniscus tristis Gasiorek & Kristensen 2018" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="9974FF93FFE0494C3768BA0CFFA5EB63" masterDocTitle="Variability of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 - is morphology sufficient for taxonomic differentiation of Echiniscidae?" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698769583975" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D6E9AF2C2F167B3607CAB02E1D89FE55">Variability of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 - is morphology sufficient for taxonomic differentiation of Echiniscidae?</mods:title>
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<treatment id="654D87EBFFE4494B37FFBD60FC6EED76" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5584476" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160605325" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5584476" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:654D87EBFFE4494B37FFBD60FC6EED76" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/654D87EBFFE4494B37FFBD60FC6EED76" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE4494837FFBD60FD7DECE5" blockId="4.[151,728,1900,1962]" box="[151,728,1900,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<heading id="B6138191FFE4494837FFBD60FD7DECE5" bold="true" box="[151,728,1900,1927]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="2AE44D7EFFE4494837FFBD60FD7DECE5" ID-CoL="ba662a13-3ede-4613-8fb2-c28b79abbfae" authority="Gasiorek & Kristensen, 2018" authorityName="Gasiorek & Kristensen" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,728,1900,1927]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tristis">
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<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE4494837FFBD60FD7DECE5" bold="true" box="[151,728,1900,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE4494837FFBD60FEC2ECE5" bold="true" box="[151,359,1900,1927]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Echiniscus tristis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="89754B0CFFE449483606BD60FD7DECE5" author="Gasiorek, P. & Kristensen, R. M." box="[366,728,1900,1926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="131 - 160" refId="ref13268" refString="Gasiorek, P. & Kristensen, R. M. (2018) Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) of Tanzania and Uganda. Tropical Zoology, 31 (3), 131 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03946975.2018.1477350" type="journal article" year="2018">Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE4494837FFBD9CFE04ECC9" blockId="4.[151,728,1900,1962]" box="[151,417,1936,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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(
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<tableCitation id="A0660346FFE4494837F7BD9CFE8EECC9" box="[159,299,1936,1962]" captionStart-0="TABLE 4" captionStart-1="TABLE 5" captionStart-2="TABLE 6" captionStart-3="TABLE 7" captionStart-4="TABLE 8" captionStart-5="TABLE 9" captionStart-6="TABLE 10" captionStartId-0="11.[151,239,514,538]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,239,154,178]" captionStartId-2="13.[151,239,586,610]" captionStartId-3="14.[151,239,154,178]" captionStartId-4="15.[151,239,154,178]" captionStartId-5="15.[151,237,1515,1539]" captionStartId-6="16.[151,239,154,178]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1388,694,2031]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1405,333,1670]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,1408,766,1904]" captionTargetBox-3="[166,1405,333,1632]" captionTargetBox-4="[166,1410,333,1470]" captionTargetBox-6="[166,1394,225,853]" captionTargetPageId-5="15" captionText-0="TABLE 4. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of adult females (A-C-Dd-E) of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures mea- sured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." captionText-1="TABLE 5. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of juveniles (A-C-Dd-E) of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." captionText-2="TABLE 6. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of females (A-Dd-E) of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." captionText-3="TABLE 7. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of juveniles (A-Dd-E) of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." captionText-4="TABLE 8. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of larvae of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." captionText-5="TABLE 9.A differences in chaetotaxy of 153 specimens classified as females and juveniles in the studied population of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (underlined are the most typical chaetotaxy configurations in adults and juveniles)." captionText-6="TABLE 10. The ranges of genetic distances between the Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 from Madagascar and species of the genus Echiniscus, for which sequences are available in GenBank." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEB494737FFB80EFBE8E9C8" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEC494037FFBA96FC48EA21" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFED494137FFB846FC48E990" httpUri-3="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEE494237FFBA96FC48EA21" httpUri-4="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEF494337FFBA96FC16EA21" httpUri-5="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEF494337FFBFE7FAD3ED44" httpUri-6="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFF0495C37FFBA96FBBDEBB5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableUuid-0="B99B6675FFEB494737FFB80EFBE8E9C8" tableUuid-1="B99B6675FFEC494037FFBA96FC48EA21" tableUuid-2="B99B6675FFED494137FFB846FC48E990" tableUuid-3="B99B6675FFEE494237FFBA96FC48EA21" tableUuid-4="B99B6675FFEF494337FFBA96FC16EA21" tableUuid-5="B99B6675FFEF494337FFBFE7FAD3ED44" tableUuid-6="B99B6675FFF0495C37FFBA96FBBDEBB5">Tables 4–10</tableCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE44948365EBD9CFE3CECC9" box="[310,409,1936,1962]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStart-5="FIGURE 7" captionStart-6="FIGURE 8" captionStart-7="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1778,1803]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1363,1388]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1315,1340]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,250,1733,1758]" captionStartId-4="9.[151,250,496,521]" captionStartId-5="9.[151,250,1080,1105]" captionStartId-6="9.[151,250,1936,1961]" captionStartId-7="10.[151,248,1169,1194]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,555,1758]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1149,998,1309]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,166,1295]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,166,1713]" captionTargetBox-4="[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetBox-5="[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetBox-6="[167,1420,1256,1917]" captionTargetBox-7="[151,1437,166,1149]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[151,1436,555,1758]" captionTargetId-2="figure@7.[151,1436,166,1295]" captionTargetId-3="figure@8.[151,1436,166,1713]" captionTargetId-4="figure@9.[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetId-5="figure@9.[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetId-6="figure@9.[167,1420,1256,1917]" captionTargetId-7="figure@10.[151,1437,166,1149]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionTargetPageId-5="9" captionTargetPageId-6="9" captionTargetPageId-7="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar)—habitus: A—dorso-ventral assembled image (PCM); insert shows close-up on split lateral cirrus C; B–D—specimens with different chaetotaxy (PCM); E–F—specimens with different chaetotaxy (SEM); arrowheads indicate positions of dorsal and lateral cirri. Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Types of chaetotaxy found in Madagascan juveniles and females of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018, with first two on the left in upper row being most common." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A–B—a comparison of different pore sizes on scapular plate in different specimens (PCM); C–D—comparison of different pore sizes on scapular plate in different specimens (SEM); E–F—comparison of different pore sizes on median pate I in different specimens (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—large pores on head plate (PCM); B paired plate visible in SEM; C–D—a comparison of different density of pores on paired plates in different specimens, arrow (PCM); E–F—a comparison of different pore sizes on terminal pate in different specimens (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—B—the characteristic pattern on the terminal plate visible in some individuals (PCM and SEM respectively), arrow indicates large pores in place where median plate 3 can be present in different taxa; C—cuticular pillars visible on ventral side with larger pillars on the leg line (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." captionText-5="FIGURE 7. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A –B—cuticular folds (filled arrowheads) and patches of pillars (arrows) on legs (PCM and SEM respectively); C—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead), patch of pillars (arrow) and spine (indented arrowhead) on leg I (PCM); D—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and dentate collar (empty arrowhead) on leg IV (PCM); E–F –dentate collar (empty arrowhead), cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and papilla (empty arrow) on leg IV (PCM and SEM, respectively); G—claws II (PCM); H—claws I (SEM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." captionText-6="FIGURE 8. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar)—juvenile: A—dorso-ventral assembled image; B—claws of leg II; C—pores on scapular plate; D—pores on terminal plate, PCM. Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." captionText-7="FIGURE 9. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar)—larvae: A—dorso-ventral assembled image; B—claws of leg II; C—pores on scapular plate; D—pores on terminal plate. PCM. Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557777" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557779" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557781" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557783" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557785" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557787" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557789" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557791" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3557777/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3557779/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3557781/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3557783/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/3557785/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/3557787/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/3557789/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/3557791/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 2–9</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A5FE6576FFE5494937FFBA94FBC9EB9B" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE5494937FFBA94FBC9EB9B" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,549]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE5494937FFBA94FEDEEBD0" bold="true" box="[151,379,152,179]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
320 animals mounted on microscope slides in Hoyer’s medium, 20 animals prepared for SEM and 6 prepared for molecular analysis from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="95F3766DFFE549493512BAB1FCA6EBB4" box="[634,771,189,215]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="88D0503AFFE549493465BAB1FC0CEBB4" box="[781,937,189,215]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" seconds="07.7" value="-22.618805">22°37’07.7”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="88D0503AFFE5494934DBBAB0FBF5EBB4" box="[947,1104,188,215]" degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="1" seconds="14.5" value="46.720695">46°43’14.5”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="2A1C9B18FFE5494933E9BAB1FB79EBB4" box="[1153,1244,189,215]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.187" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="1187.0">1,187 m</quantity>
|
||
asl,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2F20F81FFFE549493265BAB1FF58EB9B" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fianarantsoa Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Ivohibory forest, lichen on quartz rock, coll. Marta Kepel and Andrzej Kepel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A5FE6576FFE5494B37AFBB0CFC6EED76" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE5494937AFBB0CFC7DE947" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,549]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE5494937AFBB0CFA39EA79" bold="true" box="[199,1436,255,282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE5494937AFBB0CFA8FEA79" bold="true" box="[199,1322,255,282]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Description of the Madagascan population. Animals (measurements and statistics in
|
||
<tableCitation id="A0660346FFE5494933C2BAF3FA84EA79" box="[1194,1313,255,282]" captionStart-0="TABLE 4" captionStart-1="TABLE 5" captionStart-2="TABLE 6" captionStart-3="TABLE 7" captionStart-4="TABLE 8" captionStartId-0="11.[151,239,514,538]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,239,154,178]" captionStartId-2="13.[151,239,586,610]" captionStartId-3="14.[151,239,154,178]" captionStartId-4="15.[151,239,154,178]" captionTargetBox-0="[166,1388,694,2031]" captionTargetBox-1="[166,1405,333,1670]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,1408,766,1904]" captionTargetBox-3="[166,1405,333,1632]" captionTargetBox-4="[166,1410,333,1470]" captionText-0="TABLE 4. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of adult females (A-C-Dd-E) of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures mea- sured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." captionText-1="TABLE 5. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of juveniles (A-C-Dd-E) of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." captionText-2="TABLE 6. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of females (A-Dd-E) of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." captionText-3="TABLE 7. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of juveniles (A-Dd-E) of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." captionText-4="TABLE 8. Measurements [in µm] and sc values of selected morphological structures of larvae of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N—number of specimens/structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens, SD—standard deviation,?—trait oriented unsuitably for measurement, sp—index is the ratio of the length of a given structure to the length of the scapular plate expressed as a percentage (length of structure × 100⁄length scapular plate)." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEB494737FFB80EFBE8E9C8" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEC494037FFBA96FC48EA21" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFED494137FFB846FC48E990" httpUri-3="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEE494237FFBA96FC48EA21" httpUri-4="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEF494337FFBA96FC16EA21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableUuid-0="B99B6675FFEB494737FFB80EFBE8E9C8" tableUuid-1="B99B6675FFEC494037FFBA96FC48EA21" tableUuid-2="B99B6675FFED494137FFB846FC48E990" tableUuid-3="B99B6675FFEE494237FFBA96FC48EA21" tableUuid-4="B99B6675FFEF494337FFBA96FC16EA21">Tables 4-8</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Females.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body light orange in live specimens and transparent/white after preparation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE549493379BB2DFBFCEA58" box="[1041,1113,289,315]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1778,1803]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,555,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,555,1758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar)—habitus: A—dorso-ventral assembled image (PCM); insert shows close-up on split lateral cirrus C; B–D—specimens with different chaetotaxy (PCM); E–F—specimens with different chaetotaxy (SEM); arrowheads indicate positions of dorsal and lateral cirri. Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557777/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eyes absent or not visible after the preparation. Apart from the head appendages (internal and external cirri and cylindrical cephalic papillae [secondary clavae], the appendage
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE54949354EBB68FD92EA1D" box="[550,567,356,382]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
|
||
with clava [primary clava] near its base) present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE54949331DBB6FFB19EA1D" box="[1141,1212,355,382]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1778,1803]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,555,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,555,1758]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar)—habitus: A—dorso-ventral assembled image (PCM); insert shows close-up on split lateral cirrus C; B–D—specimens with different chaetotaxy (PCM); E–F—specimens with different chaetotaxy (SEM); arrowheads indicate positions of dorsal and lateral cirri. Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557777/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal and lateral appendages in the shape of long and short spines present in positions
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE5494934CEBB89FBB6EAFC" box="[934,1043,388,415]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE5494934CEBB89FBA5EAFC" attach="left" box="[934,1024,388,415]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A-C-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(mainly in adult females; morphotype 1) or
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE549493665BBABFEF8EAA3" box="[269,349,421,449]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE549493665BBABFEEFEAA3" attach="left" box="[269,330,421,449]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(mainly in juveniles and larvae, morphotype 2). This means that the general chaetotaxy of adult females of this species is
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE5494936D5BBC4FD8CEA82" box="[445,553,454,482]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
A-(C)-
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE54949356CBBC4FD8CEA82" attach="left" box="[516,553,454,482]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dd-</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
E. However, single females in the studied population possessed also different chaetotaxy configurations, i.e.
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE549493699BBE5FC30E960" box="[497,917,488,515]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
A-E, A-C-E,
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE549493517BBE5FD5BE960" attach="left" box="[639,766,488,515]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A-C-Cd- Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E,
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE549493476BBE5FC30E960" attach="left" box="[798,917,488,515]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A-C-D-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
E, but with some spines being present only on one side of the body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE5494936E2B806FE4EE947" box="[394,491,522,548]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1778,1803]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1363,1388]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,555,1758]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1149,998,1309]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[151,1436,555,1758]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar)—habitus: A—dorso-ventral assembled image (PCM); insert shows close-up on split lateral cirrus C; B–D—specimens with different chaetotaxy (PCM); E–F—specimens with different chaetotaxy (SEM); arrowheads indicate positions of dorsal and lateral cirri. Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Types of chaetotaxy found in Madagascan juveniles and females of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018, with first two on the left in upper row being most common." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557777" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557779" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3557777/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3557779/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
). See also
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE54949350BB806FC22E947" box="[611,903,522,548]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Morphological variability</emphasis>
|
||
below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B99B6675FFE5494937FFBCFEFA2FEC30" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3557777" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557777/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[151,250,1778,1803]" targetBox="[151,1436,555,1758]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE5494937FFBCFEFA2FEC30" blockId="5.[151,1437,1778,1875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE5494937FFBCFEFEB6EC68" bold="true" box="[151,275,1778,1803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2AE44D7EFFE549493671BCFEFD56EC69" authority="Gasiorek & Kristensen, 2018" authorityName="Gasiorek & Kristensen" authorityYear="2018" box="[281,755,1778,1803]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tristis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE549493671BCFEFE62EC69" box="[281,455,1778,1802]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Echiniscus tristis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="89754B0CFFE5494936A4BCFEFD56EC69" author="Gasiorek, P. & Kristensen, R. M." box="[460,755,1778,1803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="131 - 160" refId="ref13268" refString="Gasiorek, P. & Kristensen, R. M. (2018) Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) of Tanzania and Uganda. Tropical Zoology, 31 (3), 131 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03946975.2018.1477350" type="journal article" year="2018">Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(population from Madagascar)—habitus:
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE5494933F6BCFEFB15EC68" bold="true" box="[1182,1200,1778,1803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
|
||
—dorso-ventral assembled image (PCM); insert shows close-up on split lateral cirrus
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE549493597BD1BFCB5EC4D" box="[767,784,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE549493473BD1AFCEFEC4D" bold="true" box="[795,842,1814,1838]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B–D</emphasis>
|
||
—specimens with different chaetotaxy (PCM);
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE549493274BD1AFAEDEC4D" bold="true" box="[1308,1352,1814,1838]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E–F</emphasis>
|
||
—specimens with different chaetotaxy (SEM); arrowheads indicate positions of dorsal and lateral cirri. Scale bars in micrometres [μm].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE5494A37AFBD72FCF0EA81" blockId="5.[151,1436,1918,2044]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,153,482]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Dorsal plates covered by smaller and larger pores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE549493462BD72FCD4ECFA" box="[778,881,1918,1945]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,1315,1340]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1733,1758]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,496,521]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,166,1295]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,166,1713]" captionTargetBox-2="[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,166,1295]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[151,1436,166,1713]" captionTargetId-2="figure@9.[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A–B—a comparison of different pore sizes on scapular plate in different specimens (PCM); C–D—comparison of different pore sizes on scapular plate in different specimens (SEM); E–F—comparison of different pore sizes on median pate I in different specimens (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—large pores on head plate (PCM); B paired plate visible in SEM; C–D—a comparison of different density of pores on paired plates in different specimens, arrow (PCM); E–F—a comparison of different pore sizes on terminal pate in different specimens (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—B—the characteristic pattern on the terminal plate visible in some individuals (PCM and SEM respectively), arrow indicates large pores in place where median plate 3 can be present in different taxa; C—cuticular pillars visible on ventral side with larger pillars on the leg line (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557781" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557783" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557785" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3557781/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3557783/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3557785/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pores
|
||
<quantity id="2A1C9B18FFE5494934A5BD72FBEAECFB" box="[973,1103,1918,1944]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="0.6">0.6–2.2 µm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter visible as bright/ white dots when focusing down through cuticle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE5494935DCBD93FD5FECDA" box="[692,762,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1315,1340]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1295]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,166,1295]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A–B—a comparison of different pore sizes on scapular plate in different specimens (PCM); C–D—comparison of different pore sizes on scapular plate in different specimens (SEM); E–F—comparison of different pore sizes on median pate I in different specimens (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557781/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B, E–F; 5A, C–F; 6A). Although pores may differ significantly in the same individual and between specimens, in general they are largest on the head plate, narrow anterior stripe of paired plates and in the place where median plate 3 should be localised (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE549493349BDEEFBDBEC9F" box="[1057,1150,2017,2044]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1733,1758]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1713]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,166,1713]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—large pores on head plate (PCM); B paired plate visible in SEM; C–D—a comparison of different density of pores on paired plates in different specimens, arrow (PCM); E–F—a comparison of different pore sizes on terminal pate in different specimens (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557783/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE5494933E2BDEEFB0EEC9F" box="[1162,1195,2018,2044]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,496,521]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—B—the characteristic pattern on the terminal plate visible in some individuals (PCM and SEM respectively), arrow indicates large pores in place where median plate 3 can be present in different taxa; C—cuticular pillars visible on ventral side with larger pillars on the leg line (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557785/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6B</figureCitation>
|
||
arrow). Dorsal plates well developed. Head and scapular plates not faceted. In PCM, lateral portions of the scapular plate appear to be detached from the dorsal plate, forming small additional plates (one on each side of the body) divided from the scapular plate by a thin bright stripe. This false division is caused by a bend of the plate where the cuticle is thinner; in SEM, this pseudo-division is not visible. Paired plates I and II are divided into two parts—narrow anterior stripe and a wider posterior part—by smooth stripe without pores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A3456BB12FC25EA5B" box="[830,896,285,312]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1733,1758]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1713]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,166,1713]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—large pores on head plate (PCM); B paired plate visible in SEM; C–D—a comparison of different density of pores on paired plates in different specimens, arrow (PCM); E–F—a comparison of different pore sizes on terminal pate in different specimens (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557783/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B–D). Median plates 1 and 2 undivided, median plate 3 absent (but cuticle in this place sculptured with pores) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A3436BB33FC1DEA39" box="[862,952,319,346]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,496,521]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—B—the characteristic pattern on the terminal plate visible in some individuals (PCM and SEM respectively), arrow indicates large pores in place where median plate 3 can be present in different taxa; C—cuticular pillars visible on ventral side with larger pillars on the leg line (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557785/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The terminal plate possesses two notches and in some specimens a characteristic pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A35DBBB6DFD5EEA1F" box="[691,763,353,380]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,496,521]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—B—the characteristic pattern on the terminal plate visible in some individuals (PCM and SEM respectively), arrow indicates large pores in place where median plate 3 can be present in different taxa; C—cuticular pillars visible on ventral side with larger pillars on the leg line (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557785/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B). Narrow stripes form four rectangular areas in central part of terminal plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A36F9BB8EFE7DEAFE" box="[401,472,386,413]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,496,521]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—B—the characteristic pattern on the terminal plate visible in some individuals (PCM and SEM respectively), arrow indicates large pores in place where median plate 3 can be present in different taxa; C—cuticular pillars visible on ventral side with larger pillars on the leg line (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557785/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B). Ventral plates absent, but cuticle possesses tiny and regular granulation (caused by dense top endings of cuticular pillars). Granulation is little larger between the legs (0.9–1.0 µm diameter) than in other parts of the ventral side,
|
||
<quantity id="2A1C9B18FFE6494A3685BBC4FDCBEA81" box="[493,622,456,482]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.7 µm</quantity>
|
||
diameter) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A3587BBCBFCEDEA81" box="[751,840,455,482]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,496,521]" captionTargetBox="[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[182,1405,166,476]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A—B—the characteristic pattern on the terminal plate visible in some individuals (PCM and SEM respectively), arrow indicates large pores in place where median plate 3 can be present in different taxa; C—cuticular pillars visible on ventral side with larger pillars on the leg line (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557785/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE6494A37BDB81BFAD4E95B" blockId="6.[213,1393,531,568]" box="[213,1393,531,568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A37BDB81BFE91E95B" attach="left" box="[213,308,531,568]" fontSize="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-C-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A3684B81BFD8BE95B" attach="left" box="[492,558,531,568]" fontSize="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A35ABB81BFC84E95B" attach="left" box="[707,801,531,568]" fontSize="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-C-Cd-</superScript>
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A3448B81BFCC0E95B" attach="right" box="[800,869,531,568]" fontSize="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">D-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A34B6B81BFBFFE95B" attach="left" box="[990,1114,531,568]" fontSize="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-C-D-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A33B1B81BFAFBE95B" attach="left" box="[1241,1374,531,568]" fontSize="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-C-Cd- Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE6494A37BDB9B9FB9EE8B5" blockId="6.[213,1083,946,982]" box="[213,1083,946,982]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A37BDB9B9FE91E8B5" attach="left" box="[213,308,946,982]" fontSize="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-C-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A36BDB9B9FD91E8B5" attach="left" box="[469,564,946,982]" fontSize="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-C-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E A-C-E A-E
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B99B6675FFE6494A37FFBF5FFD54EEEC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557779" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3557779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557779/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[151,250,1363,1388]" targetBox="[167,1149,998,1309]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE6494A37FFBF5FFD54EEEC" blockId="6.[151,1436,1363,1424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A37FFBF5FFEB7EE0F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1363,1388]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Types of chaetotaxy found in Madagascan juveniles and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2AE44D7EFFE6494A34D3BF5FFA34EE08" authority="Gasiorek & Kristensen, 2018" authorityName="Gasiorek & Kristensen" authorityYear="2018" box="[955,1425,1363,1388]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tristis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A34D3BF5FFBCDEE08" box="[955,1128,1363,1387]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Echiniscus tristis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="89754B0CFFE6494A3305BF5FFA34EE08" author="Gasiorek, P. & Kristensen, R. M." box="[1133,1425,1363,1388]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="131 - 160" refId="ref13268" refString="Gasiorek, P. & Kristensen, R. M. (2018) Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) of Tanzania and Uganda. Tropical Zoology, 31 (3), 131 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03946975.2018.1477350" type="journal article" year="2018">Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with first two on the left in upper row being most common.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE6494A37AFBFBBFBA7EDC9" blockId="6.[151,1437,1463,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
On outer cuticle of legs I–III two clearly visible patches, composed of tiny and regular granulation similar to this on ventral side, are present: a narrow stripe (cuticular fold) in upper part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A3365BFD7FBF5EE96" box="[1037,1104,1499,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1080,1105]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A –B—cuticular folds (filled arrowheads) and patches of pillars (arrows) on legs (PCM and SEM respectively); C—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead), patch of pillars (arrow) and spine (indented arrowhead) on leg I (PCM); D—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and dentate collar (empty arrowhead) on leg IV (PCM); E–F –dentate collar (empty arrowhead), cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and papilla (empty arrow) on leg IV (PCM and SEM, respectively); G—claws II (PCM); H—claws I (SEM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557787/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C, filled arrowhead) and a large wide stripe below (plate) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A356DBFF3FDECED7A" box="[517,585,1535,1561]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1080,1105]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A –B—cuticular folds (filled arrowheads) and patches of pillars (arrows) on legs (PCM and SEM respectively); C—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead), patch of pillars (arrow) and spine (indented arrowhead) on leg I (PCM); D—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and dentate collar (empty arrowhead) on leg IV (PCM); E–F –dentate collar (empty arrowhead), cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and papilla (empty arrow) on leg IV (PCM and SEM, respectively); G—claws II (PCM); H—claws I (SEM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557787/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C, filled arrow). Triangular spine on leg I and finger-like papilla on leg IV present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A3674BC2FFED6ED5E" box="[284,371,1571,1597]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1080,1105]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A –B—cuticular folds (filled arrowheads) and patches of pillars (arrows) on legs (PCM and SEM respectively); C—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead), patch of pillars (arrow) and spine (indented arrowhead) on leg I (PCM); D—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and dentate collar (empty arrowhead) on leg IV (PCM); E–F –dentate collar (empty arrowhead), cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and papilla (empty arrow) on leg IV (PCM and SEM, respectively); G—claws II (PCM); H—claws I (SEM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557787/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
, E–F, H, indented filled arrowhead and empty arrow). Dentate collar on legs IV with sculpture similar to those on dorsal plates but with smaller pores, and with eight to twelve sharp, triangular teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A324BBC4BFAC0ED01" box="[1315,1381,1607,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1080,1105]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A –B—cuticular folds (filled arrowheads) and patches of pillars (arrows) on legs (PCM and SEM respectively); C—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead), patch of pillars (arrow) and spine (indented arrowhead) on leg I (PCM); D—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and dentate collar (empty arrowhead) on leg IV (PCM); E–F –dentate collar (empty arrowhead), cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and papilla (empty arrow) on leg IV (PCM and SEM, respectively); G—claws II (PCM); H—claws I (SEM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557787/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D–F, empty arrowhead). Above the dentate collar a cuticular fold also present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A348DBC67FB8CEDE5" box="[997,1065,1643,1670]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1080,1105]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A –B—cuticular folds (filled arrowheads) and patches of pillars (arrows) on legs (PCM and SEM respectively); C—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead), patch of pillars (arrow) and spine (indented arrowhead) on leg I (PCM); D—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and dentate collar (empty arrowhead) on leg IV (PCM); E–F –dentate collar (empty arrowhead), cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and papilla (empty arrow) on leg IV (PCM and SEM, respectively); G—claws II (PCM); H—claws I (SEM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557787/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D–F, filled arrowhead). External claws of all legs smooth, internal with spurs directed downwards (
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A3415BC83FC1AEDC9" box="[893,959,1679,1706]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1080,1105]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[171,1416,633,1061]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar): A –B—cuticular folds (filled arrowheads) and patches of pillars (arrows) on legs (PCM and SEM respectively); C—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead), patch of pillars (arrow) and spine (indented arrowhead) on leg I (PCM); D—cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and dentate collar (empty arrowhead) on leg IV (PCM); E–F –dentate collar (empty arrowhead), cuticular fold (filled arrowhead) and papilla (empty arrow) on leg IV (PCM and SEM, respectively); G—claws II (PCM); H—claws I (SEM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557787/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
F–H).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE6494A37AFBCBEFA25EC76" blockId="6.[151,1437,1463,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A37AFBCBEFE90EDAE" bold="true" box="[199,309,1714,1741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Juveniles</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A362CBCBFFE2DEDAE" box="[324,392,1715,1741]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1936,1961]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,1256,1917]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[167,1420,1256,1917]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar)—juvenile: A—dorso-ventral assembled image; B—claws of leg II; C—pores on scapular plate; D—pores on terminal plate, PCM. Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557789/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). In general they are similar to adult females. The chaetotaxy
|
||
<typeStatus id="325F885FFFE6494A335EBCB8FBD4EDAD" box="[1078,1137,1716,1742]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">types</typeStatus>
|
||
in juveniles are
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A3240BCBFFF73ED92" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A3240BCBFFA26EDAE" attach="left" box="[1320,1411,1714,1741]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-C-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E,
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A37FFBCDBFF73ED92" attach="left" box="[151,214,1750,1777]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
E,
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A379EBCDBFE73ED92" box="[246,470,1750,1777]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A379EBCDBFECBED92" attach="left" box="[246,366,1750,1777]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-C-D-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E, A-C-E
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, with the most frequent
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A358FBCDBFC9DED92" box="[743,824,1750,1777]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A358FBCDBFC81ED92" attach="left" box="[743,804,1750,1777]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. For more details see
|
||
<tableCitation id="A0660346FFE6494A3346BCDBFB24ED92" box="[1070,1153,1751,1777]" captionStart="TABLE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,237,1515,1539]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 9.A differences in chaetotaxy of 153 specimens classified as females and juveniles in the studied population of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (underlined are the most typical chaetotaxy configurations in adults and juveniles)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEF494337FFBFE7FAD3ED44" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="B99B6675FFEF494337FFBFE7FAD3ED44">Table 9</tableCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A33DFBCDBFF7AEC76" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Morphological variability</emphasis>
|
||
below. Terminal plate without characteristic pattern or with pattern only poorly visible. Gonopore absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE6494A37AFBD13FF41ECC6" blockId="6.[151,1437,1463,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A37AFBD13FEBFEC5A" bold="true" box="[199,282,1823,1849]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Larvae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="75DF2A78FFE6494A3642BD13FEC8EC5A" box="[298,365,1823,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="10.[151,248,1169,1194]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,166,1149]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1437,166,1149]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 9. Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (population from Madagascar)—larvae: A—dorso-ventral assembled image; B—claws of leg II; C—pores on scapular plate; D—pores on terminal plate. PCM. Scale bars in micrometres [μm]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557791/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). In general they are similar to adult females, but dorsal cuticular pores seem to be larger in comparison to the body size. The chaetotaxy in larvae is always
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A3446BD4FFCD8EC3E" box="[814,893,1858,1885]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<superScript id="1A919BB5FFE6494A3446BD4FFCCFEC3E" attach="left" box="[814,874,1858,1885]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A-Dd-</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. For more details see
|
||
<tableCitation id="A0660346FFE6494A3319BD4FFB66EC3E" box="[1137,1219,1859,1885]" captionStart="TABLE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,237,1515,1539]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 9.A differences in chaetotaxy of 153 specimens classified as females and juveniles in the studied population of Echiniscus tristis Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018 (underlined are the most typical chaetotaxy configurations in adults and juveniles)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B99B6675FFEF494337FFBFE7FAD3ED44" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableUuid="B99B6675FFEF494337FFBFE7FAD3ED44">Table 9</tableCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A3391BD4FFEA2ECE2" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Morphological variability</emphasis>
|
||
below. Terminal plate without the characteristic pattern. All legs with two internal claws. Gonopore and anus absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE6494A37AFBDA3FC4BECAA" blockId="6.[151,1437,1463,2030]" box="[199,1006,1967,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A37AFBDA3FEB3ECAA" bold="true" box="[199,278,1967,1993]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Males.</emphasis>
|
||
Not found, indicating the species is most likely parthenogenetic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE6494A37AFBDDFFBF7EC8E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1463,2030]" box="[199,1106,2002,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE6494A37AFBDDFFEADEC8E" bold="true" box="[199,264,2003,2029]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eggs.</emphasis>
|
||
Smooth, light orange and deposited in the exuviae up to
|
||
<quantity id="2A1C9B18FFE6494A34EFBDDEFC17EC8E" box="[903,946,2002,2029]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
|
||
one exuvium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B99B6675FFE7494B37FFBF2FFEF4EECB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3557781" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3557781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3557781/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[151,250,1315,1340]" targetBox="[151,1436,166,1295]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE7494B37FFBF2FFEF4EECB" blockId="7.[151,1436,1315,1448]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE7494B37FFBF2FFEB1EE5F" bold="true" box="[151,276,1315,1340]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2AE44D7EFFE7494B3674BF28FCA5EE5F" authority="Gasiorek & Kristensen, 2018" authorityName="Gasiorek & Kristensen" authorityYear="2018" box="[284,768,1315,1340]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tristis">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE7494B3674BF28FE69EE58" box="[284,460,1316,1340]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Echiniscus tristis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="89754B0CFFE7494B36BBBF2FFCA5EE5F" author="Gasiorek, P. & Kristensen, R. M." box="[467,768,1315,1340]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="131 - 160" refId="ref13268" refString="Gasiorek, P. & Kristensen, R. M. (2018) Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) of Tanzania and Uganda. Tropical Zoology, 31 (3), 131 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03946975.2018.1477350" type="journal article" year="2018">Gąsiorek & Kristensen, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(population from Madagascar):
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE7494B3326BF2FFB32EE5F" bold="true" box="[1102,1175,1315,1340]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A–B—</emphasis>
|
||
a comparison of different pore sizes on scapular plate in different specimens (PCM);
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE7494B3583BF4BFCB9EE03" bold="true" box="[747,796,1351,1376]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C–D</emphasis>
|
||
—comparison of different pore sizes on scapular plate in different specimens (SEM);
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE7494B36E8BF60FE09EEE7" bold="true" box="[384,428,1388,1412]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E–F</emphasis>
|
||
—comparison of different pore sizes on median pate I in different specimens (PCM). Scale bars in micrometres [μm].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="ED5B36FDFFE7494B37FFBFDAFC6EED76" blockId="7.[151,1436,1494,1557]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="DF90EAEFFFE7494B37FFBFDAFEF6EE92" bold="true" box="[151,339,1494,1521]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">DNA sequences.</emphasis>
|
||
We obtained good quality sequences for the applied molecular markers (voucher numbers marked in bold indicate specimens which were analysed using all three markers):
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |