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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1131.90392" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1131-135" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A269D6D1950F59EDB11AD8CA60F80599" ID-ZooBank="E32D09D3C60B417190C54393B13F3E47" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1131-135" checkinTime="1669268546579" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lewis, Jake H. &amp; Anderson, Robert S." docDate="2022" docId="D77BDC1153AE53178D37CDB71C088EBF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1131: 135-153" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1131" docPubDate="2022-11-23" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1131.90392" docTitle="Proctorus armatus LeConte 1876" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="A269D6D1950F59EDB11AD8CA60F80599" lastPageNumber="135" masterDocId="A269D6D1950F59EDB11AD8CA60F80599" masterDocTitle="A revision of the North American genus Proctorus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Ellescini) with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="153" masterPageNumber="135" pageNumber="135" updateTime="1669268546579" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A revision of the North American genus Proctorus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Ellescini) with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lewis, Jake H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Environmental Science Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 1919 - 1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904 - 0495 Japan &amp; Department of Natural History, New Brunswick Museum, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John, New Brunswick, E 2 K 1 E 5 Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Anderson, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0665-2977</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Canadian Museum of Nature, 1740 Chemin Pink, Gatineau, Quebec, J 9 J 3 N 7 Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-11-23</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1131</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>135</mods:start>
<mods:end>153</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1131.90392</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1131.90392</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1131-135</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E32D09D3C60B417190C54393B13F3E47</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">A269D6D1950F59EDB11AD8CA60F80599</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D77BDC1153AE53178D37CDB71C088EBF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D77BDC1153AE53178D37CDB71C088EBF" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName LSID="D77BDC11-53AE-5317-8D37-CDB71C088EBF" authority="LeConte, 1876" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Proctorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proctorus armatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">Proctorus armatus LeConte, 1876</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-C male Proctorus truncatus fifth ventrite A slightly oblique view B oblique view C ventral (straight-on) view D-F male Proctorus armatus fifth ventrite D slightly oblique view E oblique view F ventral (straight-on) view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1131.90392.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773262" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Figs 1D-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Proctorus armatus habitus (USI: JHLRSA _ PROC _ 318, MCZ-ENT 00005224) A dorsal (♂) B lateral (♂) C dorsal (♀) D lateral (♀)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1131.90392.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773265" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Aedeagi of four Proctorus species. Proctorus decipiens (USI: JHLRSA _ PROC _ 035) A dorsal B lateral. Proctorus armatus (USI: JHLRSA _ PROC _ 316) C dorsal D lateral; Proctorus truncatus (USI: JHLRSA _ PROC _ 295) E dorsal F lateral; Proctorus emarginatus (USI: JHLRSA _ PROC _ 325) G dorsal H lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1131.90392.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773268" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">, 7C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Male protibiae A Proctorus armatus B Proctorus truncatus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1131.90392.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773269" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">, 8A</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Proctorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proctorus armatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">Proctorus armatus</taxonomicName>
LeConte, 1876: 212 [type locality: south side of Lake Superior (USA)].
<bibRefCitation author="LeConte, JL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" pagination="593 - 669" refId="B7" refString="LeConte, JL, 1878. The Coleoptera of Michigan. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 17 (101): 593 - 669" title="The Coleoptera of Michigan." volume="17" year="1878">LeConte 1878</bibRefCitation>
: 620.
<bibRefCitation author="O'Brien, CW" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 382" refId="B8" refString="O'Brien, CW, Wibmer, GJ, 1982. Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 34: 1 - 382" title="Annotated checklist of the weevils (Curculionidae sensu lato) of North America, Central America, and the West Indies (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)." volume="34" year="1982">
<normalizedToken originalValue="OBrien">O'Brien</normalizedToken>
and Wibmer 1982
</bibRefCitation>
: 94.
<bibRefCitation author="Alonso-Zarazaga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Entomopraxis, Barcelona" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" refId="B1" refString="Alonso-Zarazaga, MA, Lyal, CHC, 1999. A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (Excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Entomopraxis, Barcelona" title="A World Catalogue of Families and Genera of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) (Excepting Scolytidae and Platypodidae)." year="1999">Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 78.
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.360.4742" author="Bousquet, Y" journalOrPublisher="Pensoft, Sofia" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" refId="B4" refString="Bousquet, Y, Bouchard, P, Davies, AE, Sikes, DS, 2013. Checklist of Beetles (Coleoptera) of Canada and Alaska. 2nd Edn. Pensoft Series Faunistica No. 109. Pensoft, Sofia, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.360.4742" title="Checklist of Beetles (Coleoptera) of Canada and Alaska. 2 nd Edn. Pensoft Series Faunistica No. 109." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.360.4742" year="2013">Bousquet et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 326.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="USA" location="Lake Superior" municipality="Type" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Lectotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<typeStatus>Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(here designated):
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: south side of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D77BDC1153AE53178D37CDB71C088EBF:9D0FBEC0B2D42701195862349B4650E3" country="USA" municipality="Type" name="Lake Superior">Lake Superior</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Type</collectingMunicipality>
5244 (
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, MCZC), MCZ-ENT00005224.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="USA" location="Lake Superior" municipality="Type" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paralectotype">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<typeStatus>Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: south side of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D77BDC1153AE53178D37CDB71C088EBF:5358BCFE72526308EE3C6124B813CDA8" country="USA" municipality="Type" name="Lake Superior">Lake Superior</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Type</collectingMunicipality>
2 5244 (
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, MCZC), MCZ-ENT00529966
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Non-type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Canada: Alberta</emphasis>
: Tp. 39, Rge. 27, 1 April 1985, B.F. &amp; J.L. Carr, on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3, CNCI; 1 CMNC), JHLRSA_PROC_313 - JHLRSA_PROC_315, JHLRSA_PROC_321; Calgary, 4-5 July 1974, C.V. Nidek (1, CMNC), JHLRSA_PROC_322;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Manitoba</emphasis>
: Aweme, 7 April 1925, N. Criddle (1, CNCI), JHLRSA_PROC_317; Riding Mountain Park, 9 June 1937, W.J. Brown (1, CNCI), JHLRSA_PROC_319; Winnipeg, 15 April 1916, L.H. Roberts (1, MCZC), MCZ-ENT00726923;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Northwest Territories</emphasis>
: Fort Smith, 13 June 1988, B.F. &amp; J.L. Carr (1, CNCI), JHLRSA_PROC_320;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Ontario</emphasis>
: Moose Factory, 26 June 1948, W.Y. Watson (1, CNCI), JHLRSA_PROC_316.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">USA: Alaska</emphasis>
: Willow, Fishhook Road near Deception Creek (
<geoCoordinate degrees="61.7622" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="61.7622">61.7622°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="150.4603" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-150.4603">150.4603°W</geoCoordinate>
), 11 August 2014, R. Progar &amp; S. Bresney, on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1, UAMIC), UAM100378225; Two Rivers (
<geoCoordinate degrees="64.88925" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="64.88925">64.88925°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="147.0871" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-147.0871">147.0871°W</geoCoordinate>
), 24 May 2015, S. Melerotto (1, UAMIC), UAM100430466;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Michigan</emphasis>
: Marquette, (2, MCZC (LeConte and Horn Collection)), MCZ-ENT00772797, MCZ-ENT00772798; Marquette, Hubbard &amp; Schwarz (1, USNM), JHLRSA_PROC_330;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">New Mexico</emphasis>
: Cloudcroft, 20 July 1978, J.M. Campbell (1, CNCI), JHLRSA_PROC_318.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1131.90392.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773262" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">A-C</emphasis>
male
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lewis &amp; Anderson" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Proctorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proctorus truncatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Proctorus truncatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fifth ventrite
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">A</emphasis>
slightly oblique view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">B</emphasis>
oblique view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">C</emphasis>
ventral (straight-on) view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">D-F</emphasis>
male
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Proctorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proctorus armatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Proctorus armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fifth ventrite
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">D</emphasis>
slightly oblique view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">E</emphasis>
oblique view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">F</emphasis>
ventral (straight-on) view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Length 3.8-4.1 mm. Body (especially rostrum and femora) dark, although elytra often with orange stripe extending posteriorly from humerus. Protibiae of male dentate on inner edge. Elytra without clear, distinct x-pattern of white scales. Fifth ventrite of male with two prominent ventral projections apico-laterally which are connected by a transverse ridge; also with a single, smaller ventral projection positioned baso-medially. Apical tooth of metatibiae of male straight. Aedeagus in dorsal view slightly rounded to truncate, not emarginate or significantly expanded laterally.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="notes on types">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Notes on types.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
This species was described based on three specimens collected along the south side of Lake Superior. Two examined syntypes in the MCZC bear several types of labels. Both specimens bear a rectangular brown label reading &quot;J.L. LeConte Coll.&quot;, a square red type label reading &quot;Type 5224&quot; and &quot;Type 2 5224&quot;, and MCZC unique identifier labels (see specimens examined). One specimen also bears a rectangular brown label reading &quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Proctorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proctorus armatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">Proctorus armatus</taxonomicName>
Lec.&quot; and a rectangular white label reading &quot;Jan.-Jul. 2005 MCZ Image Database&quot;. The location of the third (male) syntype specimen is unknown; however, the identity (i.e.,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. armatus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) of that specimen is clear, based on
<normalizedToken originalValue="LeContes">LeConte's</normalizedToken>
original description. Here, we designate one of the known
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. armatus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
syntypes (MCZ-ENT00005224) as a lectotype to fix the identity of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="taxonomic comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Taxonomic comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
See same section for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lewis &amp; Anderson" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Proctorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proctorus truncatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Proctorus truncatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="135" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
This species is likely most closely related to
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. truncatus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="truncatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. truncatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as males of both species bear a basomedial projection on the fifth sternite (lacking in other species; males only), have a straight metatibial spur (lacking in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. decipiens" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decipiens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. decipiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; only males), and are both large and dark in general form. Furthermore, examined specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. truncatus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="truncatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. truncatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. armatus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were only collected from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
when such data was recorded, whereas examined specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. decipiens" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decipiens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. decipiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. emarginatus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. emarginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have only been collected from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">Salix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Although more field data should be amassed to support this difference in host plant preference, an emerging pattern of differing host plant preference is apparent and supports the hypothesis that
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. truncatus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="truncatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. truncatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. armatus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are closely related.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="135">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.38329" author="LeConte, JL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" pagination="1 - 455" refId="B6" refString="LeConte, JL, 1876. The Rhynchophora of America north of Mexico. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 15 (96): 1 - 455, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.38329" title="The Rhynchophora of America north of Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.38329" volume="15" year="1876">LeConte (1876)</bibRefCitation>
remarked that
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="P. armatus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="135" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="135">P. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks femoral teeth. However, we note that the four species treated here all possess a distinct tooth on all femora.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>