489 lines
73 KiB
XML
489 lines
73 KiB
XML
<document id="44F473912E73E3059FB4CC8F373B7AA4" ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.052.0212" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8342930" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1683579859550" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H." docDate="2011" docId="03FDA115FFC0B345EBD89E2AFC56FC81" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.52.2.391-456.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 52 (2)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.052.0212" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.3:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Curtonotum gladiiformis Kirk-Spriggs 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="413" masterDocId="FFC4D96DFFD2B353EA609A53FFD6FFC7" masterDocTitle="A revision of Afrotropical Quasimodo flies (Diptera: Schizophora; Curtonotidae). Part III - the Malagasy species of Curtonotum Macquart, with descriptions of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="391" masterPageNumber="391" pageNumber="409" updateTime="1694657771552" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2DC284284DE19FA3DEEA51C984FD7CD3">
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<mods:title id="1CE250431B45DB6C41C9DE0093941828">A revision of Afrotropical Quasimodo flies (Diptera: Schizophora; Curtonotidae). Part III - the Malagasy species of Curtonotum Macquart, with descriptions of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="50A203D4C79D535CE17CF955AB56322B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CE15505070624358CA93C6CC3CCF0A27">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D5A1F8C651043C77CBA4DCEC0265761F">Kirk-Spriggs, Ashley H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4C4CEC7C9A84FB1CC2476CCB8B35B14A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="39D500A98C99CA509BDBDE4F751DE59C">
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<mods:title id="C2716045FF62B7E360CDF57421A213ED">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="696BC06049678DB3D25C19C5E3E3A487">
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<mods:date id="83B517738C56B9D99CA3FEE23EEED5D1">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8F313FBFA4C7620F10D95F43C35B57EC">2011-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="8CC97A39AAF7B105F90D80595A57C1D4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5E00A91772DC40D64C378B50DBB39484">52</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="200872B601B5DFF6FEBEA9B86DF8BC17">391</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="6CD221BF9B40A33E1F559B6267F673EB">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.052.0212</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="F10C2A2DCD2FC5F28450A70BC200E66A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4EF79817C2354F9D8E2586175CB1930C" type="DOI">10.5733/afin.052.0212</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CCDBE6909EBF7F8AAB708E138BA60058" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FDA115FFC0B345EBD89E2AFC56FC81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342864" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8342864" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFC0B345EBD89E2AFC56FC81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FDA115FFC0B345EBD89E2AFC56FC81" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">
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<subSubSection id="C34E4388FFC0B341EBD89E2AFCFEFB54" box="[440,808,1145,1171]" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC0B341EBD89E2AFCFEFB54" blockId="18.[440,808,1145,1171]" box="[440,808,1145,1171]" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">
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<heading id="D0A3A76FFFC0B341EBD89E2AFCFEFB54" box="[440,808,1145,1171]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC0B341EBD89E2AFD33FB54" ID-CoL="8GT3C" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[440,741,1145,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gladiiformis" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341EBD89E2AFD33FB54" bold="true" box="[440,741,1145,1171]" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">Curtonotum gladiiformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC0B341E88C9E2AFCFEFB54" box="[748,808,1145,1171]" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E4388FFC0B345EBDA9EF7FC56FC81" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC0B341EBDA9EF7FCF3FB79" blockId="18.[442,805,1187,1214]" box="[442,805,1187,1214]" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC0B341EBDA9EF7FDD6FB79" box="[442,512,1188,1214]" captionStart="Figs 1–8" captionStartId="8.[144,183,1551,1573]" captionTargetBox="[151,1096,215,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-9@8.[151,1096,215,1528]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 1–8. Head and thorax (lateral view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (1) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (2) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (3) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (4) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (5) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (6) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (7) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (8) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342932/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">Figs 8</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC0B341E86D9EF7FDFDFB79" box="[525,555,1188,1214]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">21</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC0B341E8579EF7FD83FB79" box="[567,597,1188,1214]" captionStart="Figs 27–39" captionStartId="20.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[154,1092,206,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[151,1096,206,1464]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs 27–39. Wing of Curtonotum spp., males, unless otherwise stated: (27) C. keiseri, N-T, Joffreville, TAU; (28) C. stuckenbergi, ♀ AT, Ambohitantely, NMSA; (29) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, NMSA; (30) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (31) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (32) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (33) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (34) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (35) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (36) C. boeny, ♀ PT,AmbataBoeni, MNHN; (37) C. griveaudi sp. n., N-T, Sambava Beach, TAU; (38) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (39) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342940/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">34</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC0B341E8019EF7FD05FB79" box="[609,723,1187,1214]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">41, 43, 45</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC0B341E8BF9EF0FD2BFB79" box="[735,765,1187,1214]" captionStart="Figs 79–91" captionStartId="46.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[146,1101,626,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-287@46.[144,1103,614,1472]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 79–91. Sternites 6 (79–85, 87–91) and 4–6 (86) of Curtonotum spp. males: (79) C. keiseri, N-T, Ambohitra, TAU; (80) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (81) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (82) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (83) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (84) C. balachowskyi, N-T, same, CAS; (85) C. gladiiformis sp. n., N-T, same, CAS; (86) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, MNHN; (87) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika,CAS; (88) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka,CAS; (89) C. griveaudi sp.n., PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (90) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (91) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342954/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">85</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC0B341E9699EF7FCF3FB79" box="[777,805,1188,1214]" captionStart="Figs 97–101" captionStartId="52.[144,183,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[151,1096,542,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-161@52.[151,1096,542,1610]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Figs 97–101. Distribution of Malagasy Curtonotom spp.: (97) C. coronaeformis sp. n.; (98) C. balachowskyi; (99) C. gladiiformis sp. n.; (100) C. rinhatinana sp. n.; (101) C. boeny." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342958/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">99</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC0B341EAF09E9DFD1DFACF" blockId="18.[144,1103,1230,1288]" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">
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Etymology: From Latin
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341EBC39E9DFE23FB2F" box="[419,501,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">gladius</emphasis>
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(sword) and
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341E8EB9E9DFD05FB2F" box="[651,723,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">formis</emphasis>
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(in the form of), and refers to the sword-like shape of the distiphallus of this species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC0B341EAF09F4BFE8FF9D5" blockId="18.[144,1104,1304,1676]" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">
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Differential diagnosis: This species is probably most closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC0B341E9F89F4BFEF6FA95" authority="Tsacas. Both" authorityName="Tsacas. Both" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341E9F89F4BFC7DFAF5" box="[920,939,1304,1330]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341E9D79F4BFB99FAF5" box="[951,1103,1304,1330]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">balachowskyi</emphasis>
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Tsacas. Both
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</taxonomicName>
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share the similarly-shaped scimitar-like distiphallus, with the incurved basal area (viewed laterally) and the subquadrate sternite 6, with a very shallow apical excision.
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<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC0B341EA9C9F2BFDC3FA55" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[252,533,1400,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gladiiformis">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341EA9C9F2BFDC3FA55" box="[252,533,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">Curtonotum gladiiformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC0B341E8CD9F2BFCB1FA55" box="[685,871,1400,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341E8CD9F2BFD16FA55" box="[685,704,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341E8AF9F2BFCB1FA55" box="[719,871,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">balachowskyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, however, in having the lateral margin of the apical border of the basiphallus developed into a medial and submedial spine, as opposed to
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<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC0B341E8679FEBFD12FA15" box="[519,708,1464,1490]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341E8679FEBFDCCFA15" box="[519,538,1464,1490]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341E84C9FEBFD12FA15" box="[556,708,1464,1490]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">balachowskyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in which the right lateral border forms a distinct, angulate fold, and in having the setae on sternite 6 much longer on the apical margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC0B341EAF09C72FECDF9FC" blockId="18.[144,1104,1304,1676]" box="[144,283,1569,1595]" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">Description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC0B341EAF09C1AFD17F9A4" blockId="18.[144,1104,1304,1676]" box="[144,705,1609,1636]" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341EAF09C1AFF1CF9A4" box="[144,202,1609,1635]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">Male</emphasis>
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(primarily based on ex spirit-preserved HT).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC0B340EAF09C22FBA3FEC1" blockId="18.[144,1104,1304,1676]" lastBlockId="19.[181,1141,204,262]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="410" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">
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As redescribed for
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<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC0B341EB059C22FDC8F94C" box="[357,542,1649,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="409" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
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||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341EB059C22FEAEF94C" box="[357,376,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">C</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC0B341EBE69C22FDC8F94C" box="[390,542,1649,1675]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="409">balachowskyi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, differing in the following respects: Measurements: Overall length unknown; length of head and thorax combined
|
||
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFC1B340EE799A9FFBA7FF21" box="[1049,1137,204,230]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="410" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
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||
; length of thorax and scutellum combined
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<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFC1B340E8E39AB8FD0EFEC1" box="[643,728,235,262]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="410" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
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(HT); wing
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<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFC1B340E9029ABFFC61FEC1" box="[866,951,236,262]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="410" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
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||
long (
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340E99F9ABFFBDBFEC2" box="[1023,1037,236,261]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">n</emphasis>
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= 1, PT).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC1B340EAD59B45FBC6FD77" blockId="19.[181,1142,278,688]" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">
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<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340EAD59B45FF24FEF7" box="[181,242,278,304]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Head</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC1B340EB619B45FE9FFEF7" box="[257,329,278,304]" captionStart="Figs 1–8" captionStartId="8.[144,183,1551,1573]" captionTargetBox="[151,1096,215,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-9@8.[151,1096,215,1528]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 1–8. Head and thorax (lateral view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (1) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (2) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (3) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (4) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (5) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (6) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (7) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (8) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342932/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC1B340EB369B45FEA3FEF7" box="[342,373,278,304]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eye prominent, eye height/length ratio: 11:7 (HT); frons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC1B340EE749B45FBB1FEF7" box="[1044,1127,278,304]" captionStart="Figs 14–26" captionStartId="17.[181,220,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetId="figure-214@17.[187,1132,432,1463]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 14–26. Frons (dorsal view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (14) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (15) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (16) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (17) C. irwini sp. n., HT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (18) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (19) C. coronaeformis sp.n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (20) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (21) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (22) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT,Ankarafantsika, CAS; (23) C. boeny, HT, Ambato-Boeni, MNHN; (24) C. griveaudi sp. n., HT, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (25) C. pauliani, N-T, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (26) C. sakalava, N-T, Andohahela National Park, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342938/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
), slightly wider than long, frons length/width ratio: 7:8 (HT), ground colour pale brown, darker brown towards vertex and between orbital plates forming conspicuous vittae that reach ventral margin; orbital plates and ocellar triangle golden-grey pruinose; ocelli clear brown; orbital plates extending from vertex of head to 0.8 length of frons, lateral margins with narrow silver pruinose fascia (adjacent to eye margin), slightly wider at antennal insertions; posterior orbital seta moderately strong, slightly longer than outer vertical seta; antennal scape and pedicel browngrey pruinose, flagellomere 1 yellow pruinose basally, pitchy brown, grey pruinose apically, arista with 8 or 9 long dorsal branches and 3 or 4 ventral branches in addition to terminal fork; lunula yellow-grey pruinose; face with narrow silver fascia (adjacent to eye margin); occiput grey pruinose; gena narrow, eye height/genal height ratio: 10:1 (HT), silver pruinose throughout, very slightly darker beyond basal angle; palpus pale brown, brown microtrichose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC1B340EAD59892FE6DFC3C" blockId="19.[181,1142,705,1674]" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340EAD59892FED0FD1C" box="[181,262,705,731]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC1B340EB749892FE8EFD1C" box="[276,344,705,731]" captionStart="Figs 1–8" captionStartId="8.[144,183,1551,1573]" captionTargetBox="[151,1096,215,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-9@8.[151,1096,215,1528]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 1–8. Head and thorax (lateral view) of Curtonotum spp., males: (1) C. keiseri, PT, Mtge. D’Ambre, NHMB; (2) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (3) C. sternithrix, HT, Antanambe, MNHN; (4) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (5) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (6) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (7) C. balachowskyi, HT, Fia Mananjary, MNHN; (8) C. gladiiformis sp. n., HT, Fianarantsoa, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342932/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesonotum as described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC1B340E8CE9892FCC7FD1C" box="[686,785,705,732]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boeny">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340E8CE9892FD17FD1C" box="[686,705,705,731]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340E8AE9892FCC7FD1C" box="[718,785,705,731]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">boeny</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; presutural seta (missing on
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFC1B340EE309892FF2DFD3C" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFC1B340EB5098B2FE77FD3C" box="[304,417,737,763]" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
); anterior notopleural seta markedly longer than posterior; supra-alar seta shorter than posterior dorsocentral seta; postalar setae longer and stronger than acrostichal setae; postpronotum silveryellow pruinose, with 11 finer blackbrown setulae; anepisternum silver-grey pruinose, silver-yellow pruinose medially, surface with 24 fine setulae, some larger and arranged in 2 groups of 3; anepimeron, laterotergite and meron silver-grey to yellow-grey pruinose; katepisternum silver-grey to yellow-grey pruinose with darker grey macula in anterior half, dorsal katepisternal setae
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340EA939991FEDBFC1C" box="[243,269,962,987]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">ca</emphasis>
|
||
0.4 length of ventral katepisternal setae, with 11 short, fine setulae at base and along posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC1B340EAB09E50FEA6FB9A" blockId="19.[181,1142,705,1674]" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340EAB09E50FEE8FBDA" box="[208,318,1027,1053]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Scutellum</emphasis>
|
||
. As in mesonotum, slightly paler yellow pruinose at posterior margin; weaker intermediate scutellar setula inserted at 0.8 distance between medial and lateral scutellar setulae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC1B340EAB09E35FD05FB58" blockId="19.[181,1142,705,1674]" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340EAB09E35FED3FBB8" box="[208,261,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Fore coxa with 9 brown setulae on anterior surface; mid coxa with 8 brown setulae; fore tibia with ctenidium of 12 spinules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC1B340EAB09EF4FCA6FAC6" blockId="19.[181,1142,705,1674]" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340EAB09EF4FEDCFB07" box="[208,266,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC1B340EB319EF4FE72FB06" box="[337,420,1191,1217]" captionStart="Figs 27–39" captionStartId="20.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[154,1092,206,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-152@20.[151,1096,206,1464]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs 27–39. Wing of Curtonotum spp., males, unless otherwise stated: (27) C. keiseri, N-T, Joffreville, TAU; (28) C. stuckenbergi, ♀ AT, Ambohitantely, NMSA; (29) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, NMSA; (30) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (31) C. parkeri sp. n., HT, same, CAS; (32) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (33) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (34) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (35) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (36) C. boeny, ♀ PT,AmbataBoeni, MNHN; (37) C. griveaudi sp. n., N-T, Sambava Beach, TAU; (38) C. pauliani, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (39) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342940/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Broad basally, tip evenly rounded, veins chestnut-brown, membrane very faintly infuscate brown throughout, very slightly darker in region of
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340EE4A9E94FBA3FB26" box="[1066,1141,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">dm–cu</emphasis>
|
||
crossvein;
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340EB4E9EB4FEAEFAC6" box="[302,376,1255,1281]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">dm–cu</emphasis>
|
||
crossvein evenly arched; haltere dirty white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC1B340EAD59F43FDC4F94D" blockId="19.[181,1142,705,1674]" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC1B340EAD59F43FEC9FAED" box="[181,287,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Tergite 1 simple, devoid of maculae; tergite 2 with oblique, subrectangular brown-black pruinose dorsolateral macula on either side and faint medial fascia; tergites 3–5 with broad, V-shaped concolourous median fasciae and well separated and extensive concolourous T-shaped dorsolateral macula, these close, but not merging with medial fascia, lateral margin of tergites 2–5 with subquadrate concolourous macula in basal ⅔; sternite 4, weakly sclerotised, quadrate, sides evenly narrowing to straight apical margin; sternite 5 similar, but wider and longer, both unmodified, with long, brown, sparse setulae arranged in irregular rows, lateral setulae longer and stronger; sternite 6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC1B340EBF99C43FE3DF9EC" box="[409,491,1552,1579]" captionStart="Figs 79–91" captionStartId="46.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[146,1101,626,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-287@46.[144,1103,614,1472]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 79–91. Sternites 6 (79–85, 87–91) and 4–6 (86) of Curtonotum spp. males: (79) C. keiseri, N-T, Ambohitra, TAU; (80) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (81) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (82) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (83) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (84) C. balachowskyi, N-T, same, CAS; (85) C. gladiiformis sp. n., N-T, same, CAS; (86) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, MNHN; (87) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika,CAS; (88) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka,CAS; (89) C. griveaudi sp.n., PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (90) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (91) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342954/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
|
||
) much broader than long (may appear narrower than
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC1B340EE299C43FF07F98C" captionStart="Figs 79–91" captionStartId="46.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[146,1101,626,1466]" captionTargetId="figure-287@46.[144,1103,614,1472]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figs 79–91. Sternites 6 (79–85, 87–91) and 4–6 (86) of Curtonotum spp. males: (79) C. keiseri, N-T, Ambohitra, TAU; (80) C. stuckenbergi, HT, Ambohitantely, NMHN; (81) C. irwini sp. n., PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (82) C. parkeri sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (83) C. coronaeformis sp. n., PT, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (84) C. balachowskyi, N-T, same, CAS; (85) C. gladiiformis sp. n., N-T, same, CAS; (86) C. sternithrix, PT, Manambato, MNHN; (87) C. rinhatinana sp. n., HT, Ankarafantsika,CAS; (88) C. boeny, N-T, E. Bekopaka,CAS; (89) C. griveaudi sp.n., PT, Mahafaly Reserve, CAS; (90) C. pauliani, N-T, E. Bekopaka, CAS; (91) C. sakalava, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342954" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342954/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="410">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFC1B340EAD59C63FF07F98C" box="[181,209,1584,1611]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.159" pageId="19" pageNumber="410" unit="in" value="85.0">85</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
in undissected specimens), with very shallow apical excision and faint, transverse, brown maculae apically, clothed in extremely long, sparse, black, irregular setulae, especially along apical margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2B408BFFC6B347EAF09F9DFCE3F94B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342940" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8342940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342940/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" startId="20.[144,183,1486,1508]" targetBox="[154,1092,206,1459]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC6B347EAF09F9DFCE3F94B" blockId="20.[144,1104,1486,1676]" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">
|
||
Figs 27–39. Wing of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347EB399F9CFE21FA23" box="[345,503,1487,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EB399F9CFE11FA23" box="[345,455,1487,1508]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">Curtonotum</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, males, unless otherwise stated: (27)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347E9359F9CFC78FA24" box="[853,942,1486,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="keiseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E9359F9CFCB2FA23" box="[853,868,1487,1508]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E9129F9DFC78FA24" box="[882,942,1486,1507]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">keiseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, N-T, Joffreville, TAU; (28)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347EB5A9FB4FE1CFA3C" box="[314,458,1510,1532]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stuckenbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EB5A9FB4FE9FFA3B" box="[314,329,1511,1532]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EB379FB5FE1CFA3C" box="[343,458,1510,1531]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">stuckenbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♀ AT, Ambohitantely, NMSA; (29)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347E94C9FB4FEC2F9D4" authority=", PT, Manambato, NMSA" authorityName="PT, Manambato, NMSA" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sternithrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E94C9FB4FCEDFA3B" box="[812,827,1511,1532]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E92A9FB5FC7EFA3C" box="[842,936,1510,1531]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">sternithrix</emphasis>
|
||
, PT, Manambato, NMSA
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (30)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347EB2A9FACFE4AF9D3" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[330,412,1535,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irwini" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EB2A9FACFE8FF9D3" box="[330,345,1535,1556]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EB069FACFE4AF9D3" box="[358,412,1535,1556]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">irwini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC6B347EBC29FACFE03F9D3" box="[418,469,1535,1556]" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, PT, Zombitse National Park, CAS; (31)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347E9309FACFC79F9D4" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[848,943,1534,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parkeri" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E9309FACFC89F9D3" box="[848,863,1535,1556]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E90C9FADFC79F9D4" box="[876,943,1534,1555]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">parkeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC6B347E9D59FACFC3EF9D3" box="[949,1000,1535,1556]" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, HT, same, CAS; (32)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347EB549C44FE07F9EC" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[308,465,1558,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coronaeformis" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EB549C44FE95F9EB" box="[308,323,1559,1580]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EB2E9C45FE07F9EC" box="[334,465,1558,1579]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">coronaeformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC6B347EBB89C44FDDCF9EB" box="[472,522,1559,1580]" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (33)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347E9E49C44FBCCF9EC" box="[900,1050,1558,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E9E49C44FC45F9EB" box="[900,915,1559,1580]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E9FF9C45FBCCF9EC" box="[927,1050,1558,1579]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">balachowskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, N-T, Asondrodava dry forest, CAS; (34)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347E8779C7CFD77F984" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[535,673,1582,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gladiiformis" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E8779C7CFDF0F983" box="[535,550,1583,1604]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E8529C7DFD77F984" box="[562,673,1582,1603]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">gladiiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC6B347E8C79C7CFD0CF983" box="[679,730,1583,1604]" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, PT, near Isalo National Park, CAS; (35)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347EAB09C14FE83F99C" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[208,341,1606,1628]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rinhatinana" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EAB09C14FF09F99B" box="[208,223,1607,1628]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EA8A9C15FE83F99C" box="[234,341,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">rinhatinana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC6B347EB3A9C14FE5AF99B" box="[346,396,1607,1628]" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, HT, Ankarafantsika, CAS; (36)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347E8D49C14FCD2F99C" box="[692,772,1606,1628]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boeny">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E8D49C14FD15F99B" box="[692,707,1607,1628]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E8AE9C15FCD2F99C" box="[718,772,1606,1627]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">boeny</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♀ PT, AmbataBoeni, MNHN; (37)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347EAB09C0CFE97F9B4" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[208,321,1630,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griveaudi" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EAB09C0CFF09F9B3" box="[208,223,1631,1652]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EA8A9C0DFE97F9B4" box="[234,321,1630,1651]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">griveaudi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC6B347EB269C0CFEAFF9B3" box="[326,377,1631,1652]" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, N-T, Sambava Beach, TAU; (38)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347E8D29C0CFCCEF9B4" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[690,792,1630,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pauliani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E8D29C0CFD17F9B3" box="[690,705,1631,1652]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347E8AC9C0DFCCEF9B4" box="[716,792,1630,1651]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">pauliani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, N-T, Tsingy National Park, CAS; (39)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC6B347EA9B9C24FEB0F94C" authorityName=": Tsacas" authorityYear="1974" box="[251,358,1654,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakalava">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EA9B9C24FEDCF94B" box="[251,266,1655,1676]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC6B347EB759C25FEB0F94C" box="[277,358,1654,1675]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="411">sakalava</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, N-T, Berenty Special Reserve, CAS. Not to scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF2B408BFFC7B346EAD599AFFDBBFBB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412" startId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" targetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC7B346EAD599AFFDBBFBB6" blockId="21.[181,1142,1020,1138]" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">
|
||
Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC7B346EBBB99AFFDAEFBD6" box="[475,632,1020,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346EBBB99AFFD9FFBD6" box="[475,585,1020,1041]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Curtonotum</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC7B346EA959E47FE5BFBEE" box="[245,397,1044,1065]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346EA959E47FED2FBEE" box="[245,260,1044,1065]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346EB729E47FE5BFBEE" box="[274,397,1044,1065]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">balachowskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC7B346E8D89E47FC92FBEE" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[696,836,1044,1065]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gladiiformis" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E8D89E47FD11FBEE" box="[696,711,1044,1065]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E8B59E47FC92FBEE" box="[725,836,1044,1065]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">gladiiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC7B346E92C9E47FC57FBEE" box="[844,897,1044,1065]" pageId="21" pageNumber="412" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC7B346E8729E7FFC5AFB86" authority=", HT, Mananjary, MNHN" authorityName="HT, Mananjary, MNHN" box="[530,908,1068,1090]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E8729E7FFDF7FB86" box="[530,545,1068,1089]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E84B9E7FFD70FB86" box="[555,678,1068,1089]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">balachowskyi</emphasis>
|
||
, HT, Mananjary, MNHN
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (43)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC7B346E9A09E7FFBA4FB86" authority=", HT" authorityName="HT" box="[960,1138,1068,1089]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gladiiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E9A09E7FFC19FB86" box="[960,975,1068,1089]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E9BA9E7FFB9FFB86" box="[986,1097,1068,1089]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">gladiiformis</emphasis>
|
||
, HT
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (44, 45) basiphallus and distiphallus junction,dorsal view: (44)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC7B346E9BB9E17FBB9FB9E" box="[987,1135,1092,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E9BB9E17FC3CFB9E" box="[987,1002,1092,1113]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E9949E17FBB9FB9E" box="[1012,1135,1092,1113]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">balachowskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (45)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC7B346EB419E0FFE7CFBB6" box="[289,426,1116,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gladiiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346EB419E0FFEE6FBB6" box="[289,304,1116,1137]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346EB5B9E0FFE7CFBB6" box="[315,426,1116,1137]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">gladiiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC7B345EAB09EC2FE9FFE01" blockId="21.[181,1142,1169,1676]" lastBlockId="22.[144,1104,204,838]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346EAB09EC2FE9FFB6C" box="[208,329,1169,1195]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC7B346EB379EC2FDD6FB6B" box="[343,512,1169,1196]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Figs 41, 43, 45</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hypandrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC7B346E8CE9EC2FCD6FB6C" box="[686,768,1169,1195]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E96B9EC2FCF3FB6C" box="[779,805,1169,1195]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">hy</emphasis>
|
||
) long, with broad-based rounded-truncate dorsobasal lobe, posterior bridge dorsally and ventrally produced (rounded to slightly angulate in profile); hypandrial arm constricted medially (viewed laterally), with 2 setulae proximal to postgonite, the more lateral strong, ventrally-directed, the medial much smaller and weaker (or absent) (obscured by epandrium on
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC7B346EE769F42FBBEFAEB" box="[1046,1128,1297,1324]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
), sclerotised area of medial lobes (viewed dorsally), with margins evenly rounded, convex medially, closely abutting, not overlapping; postgonite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC7B346E9319F02FC75FAAB" box="[849,931,1361,1388]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E9CF9F01FC1DFAAC" box="[943,971,1362,1387]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">pg</emphasis>
|
||
) long, thin and straight, with slight undulating anterior margin; epandrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC7B346E9219F22FC47FA4B" box="[833,913,1393,1420]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E9FA9F21FC62FA4C" box="[922,948,1394,1419]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">ep</emphasis>
|
||
) broader dorsally than ventrally (viewed laterally), evenly rounded on dorsal margin, posterior margin slightly angled, ventral margin with extensive row of long, regular to irregular, ventrally-directed setae; cercus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC7B346EBD09F82FDD7FA2B" box="[432,513,1489,1516]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E86C9F81FDF3FA2C" box="[524,549,1490,1515]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">ce</emphasis>
|
||
) not prominent, longest setae longer than dorsal setae of epandrium; surstylus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC7B346EBAE9FA2FDF7F9CB" box="[462,545,1521,1548]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E84E9FA1FD92F9CC" box="[558,580,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">ss</emphasis>
|
||
) long, widest basally, slightly curved in apical ⅔; phallus (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC7B346EB369C42FE7BF9EB" box="[342,429,1553,1580]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Figs 43</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346EBDA9C42FE00F9EC" box="[442,470,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">ph</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346EB869C42FDD4F9EC" box="[486,514,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">bp</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E8719C42FDFBF9EC" box="[529,557,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">dp</emphasis>
|
||
; 45,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E8099C42FD53F9EC" box="[617,645,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">bp</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E8F59C42FD67F9EC" box="[661,689,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">dp</emphasis>
|
||
) C-shaped, very large, moderately sclerotised, brown; phallapodeme (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC7B346E86F9C62FDB7F98B" box="[527,609,1585,1612]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC7B346E80D9C62FD5FF98C" box="[621,649,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="412">ph</emphasis>
|
||
) fused to basiphallus, subtriangular (viewed laterally), with basal margin developed into two flat, narrow, subtriangular projections in basal 0.4, bifurcated at point of connection with hypandrium; ejaculatory apodeme (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC4B345EAF89A9FFF3EFF21" box="[152,232,204,230]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC4B345EA929A9FFEDAFF22" box="[242,268,204,229]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">ea</emphasis>
|
||
) free, duct inserted at junction of phallapodeme and basiphallus; basiphallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC4B345EAF89ABFFF3AFEC1" box="[152,236,236,262]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC4B345EA9B9ABFFEC1FEC1" box="[251,279,236,262]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">bp</emphasis>
|
||
) broad in basal region, with conspicuous internal bulge, then narrowed, moderately constricted in
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC4B345EBD89B5FFE04FEE2" box="[440,466,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">ca</emphasis>
|
||
apical ⅔ (viewed dorsally); apical section (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC4B345E9A89B5FFBCAFEE1" box="[968,1052,267,294]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC4B345EE4B9B5FFB91FEE1" box="[1067,1095,268,294]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">bp</emphasis>
|
||
) broad, right lateral margin evenly rounded and flat, developed into a bluntlypointed ventromedial spine, with much smaller spine basolaterally; distiphallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC4B345E9A69B1FFB9DFEA1" box="[966,1099,331,358]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Figs 43, 45</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC4B345EAF09B3FFF7AFE41" box="[144,172,364,390]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">dp</emphasis>
|
||
) moderately sclerotised, extremely long, sword-like, with conspicuous curved indentation in basal third (viewed laterally), sclerotised area subdivided basally, with triangular window.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC4B345EAF09B87FBD2FDC9" blockId="22.[144,1104,204,838]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Variation: In the two PT the basiphallus is not as markedly constricted in the apical ⅔ as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC4B345EAAB9BA7FECCFDC9" box="[203,282,500,526]" captionStart="Figs 40–45" captionStartId="21.[181,220,1020,1042]" captionTargetBox="[183,1129,208,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-233@21.[181,1133,204,1022]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Figs 40–45. Male terminalia of Curtonotum spp.: (40, 41) hypandrium and epandrium, lateral view: (40) C. balachowskyi, N-T, Fianarantsoa, CAS; (41) C. gladiiformis sp. n., PT, same, CAS; (42, 43) phallus, right lateral view: (42) C. balachowskyi, HT, Mananjary, MNHN; (43) C. gladiiformis, HT, Fianarantsoa,CAS; (44,45)basiphallus and distiphallusjunction,dorsal view:(44)C. balachowskyi; (45) C. gladiiformis. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342942/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
and this may be the result of slight distortion in phallus of the HT.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC4B345EAF09844FD0EFD4A" blockId="22.[144,1104,204,838]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFC4B345EAF09844FD0EFD4A" collectingDate="2003-03-28" collectingDateMax="2003-04-09" collectingDateMin="2003-03-28" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="M. E. Irwin & R. Harin'Hala & A. H. Kirk-Spriggs" country="Madagascar" county="Province" latitude="-22.626667" location="National Park" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="45.358166" municipality="Isalo" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFC4B345EAF09844FF3EFDEA" box="[144,232,535,557]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFC4B345EA92984BFED5FDEA" box="[242,259,536,557]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
“
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3435093FFC4B345EB739844FE6CFDEB" box="[275,442,535,556]" name="Madagascar" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628A688FFFC4B345EBA49844FDC3FDEA" box="[452,533,535,557]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Province</collectingCounty>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990DEE1FFC4B345E84A9844FD76FDEA" box="[554,672,535,557]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, near
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8F8A79FFC4B345E8BA9844FCD0FDEA" box="[730,774,535,557]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Isalo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<location id="8E8B46D8FFC4B345E97C9844FC48FDEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFC0B345EBD89E2AFC56FC81:8E8B46D8FFC4B345E97C9844FC48FDEA" box="[796,926,535,557]" country="Madagascar" county="Province" latitude="-22.626667" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="45.358166" municipality="Isalo" name="National Park" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">National Park</location>
|
||
, in dry wash / east of
|
||
<location id="8E8B46D8FFC4B345EACA987CFE81FD83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FDA115FFC0B345EBD89E2AFC56FC81:8E8B46D8FFC4B345EACA987CFE81FD83" box="[170,343,559,581]" country="Madagascar" county="Province" latitude="-22.626667" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="45.358166" municipality="Isalo" name="Interpretive Center" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa">Interpretive Center</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6076C4FFC4B345EB0C987CFE03FD82" box="[364,469,559,581]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="37.60" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" precision="9" value="-22.626667">22°37.60’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6076C4FFC4B345EB80987CFD9EFD82" box="[480,584,559,581]" degrees="45" direction="east" minutes="21.49" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" precision="9" value="45.358166">45°21.49’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFEA36C3FFC4B345E83D987CFD3BFD82" box="[605,749,559,581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" value="2003-03-28" valueMax="2003-04-09" valueMin="2003-03-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAECF2BFFC4B345E83D987CFD3BFD82" box="[605,749,559,581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" value="2003-03-28" valueMax="2003-04-09" valueMin="2003-03-28">
|
||
28.iii–9.iv.
|
||
<quantity id="4CACBDE6FFC4B345E8DC987CFD3BFD82" box="[700,749,559,581]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0038849999999995" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" unit="m" value="2003885.0">2003</quantity>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 885 m /
|
||
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFC4B345E9289863FC7BFD82" box="[840,941,559,581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">M.E. Irwin</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFC4B345E9AE9863FB86FD82" box="[974,1104,559,581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">R. Harin’Hala</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingMethod id="52156814FFC4B345EAFD9814FED9FD9A" box="[157,271,583,605]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
in open area / MA0211B60 //
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFC4B345E8239814FD6DFD9B" box="[579,699,583,604]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFC4B345E8A2981BFD05FD9A" box="[706,723,584,605]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC4B345E887981BFC83FD9A" authorityName=": Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[743,853,584,605]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC4B345E887981BFC83FD9A" box="[743,853,584,605]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Curtonotum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC4B345E9099814FC0EFD9B" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[873,984,583,604]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gladiiformis" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC4B345E9099814FC0EFD9B" box="[873,984,583,604]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">gladiiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC4B345E9BF981BFBC7FD9A" box="[991,1041,584,605]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFC4B345EE439814FED0FDB2" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">A.H. Kirk-Spriggs</collectorName>
|
||
2010 [red card]” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4588C6FFC4B345EBCA980CFE0CFDB3" box="[426,474,607,628]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
). In good condition, some head setae missing; card-pointed; dissected, abdomen and terminalia in micro-vial pinned beneath specimen.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC4B345EAF098CBFCA0FD1B" blockId="22.[144,1104,204,838]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C1A5EFFC4B345EAF098CBFCA4FD1B" collectingDate="2002-02-03" collectingDateMax="2002-12-14" collectingDateMin="2002-02-03" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="A. H. Kirk-Spriggs" country="Madagascar" county="Province" latitude="-22.626667" location="National Park" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="45.358166" municipality="Isalo" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Fianarantsoa" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFC4B345EAF098CBFF3EFD6A" box="[144,232,664,685]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(all labelled: “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFC4B345EB0D98C4FE36FD6B" box="[365,480,663,684]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFC4B345EB8698CBFE21FD6A" box="[486,503,664,685]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC4B345E86998CBFDA1FD6A" authorityName=": Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[521,631,664,685]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC4B345E86998CBFDA1FD6A" box="[521,631,664,685]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Curtonotum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C546B80FFC4B345E8E998C4FD2EFD6B" authority="Kirk-Spriggs, 2011" authorityName="Kirk-Spriggs" authorityYear="2011" box="[649,760,663,684]" class="Insecta" family="Curtonotidae" genus="Curtonotum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gladiiformis" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920CC11FFC4B345E8E998C4FD2EFD6B" box="[649,760,663,684]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">gladiiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213716AFFC4B345E89E98CBFCF9FD6A" box="[766,815,664,685]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName id="26A175D5FFC4B345E95F98C4FC31FD6A" box="[831,999,663,685]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">A.H. Kirk-Spriggs</collectorName>
|
||
2010 [blue card]”):
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFC4B345EABB98FCFF21FD03" box="[219,247,687,708]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
same data as holotype, except: “
|
||
<date id="FFEA36C3FFC4B345E87D98FCFD45FD02" box="[541,659,687,709]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" value="2002-02-03" valueMax="2002-02-10" valueMin="2002-02-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAECF2BFFC4B345E87D98FCFD45FD02" box="[541,659,687,709]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" value="2002-02-03" valueMax="2002-02-10" valueMin="2002-02-03">3–10.ii.2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, MA0211B14” [right wing detached and glued to card];
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52DB8AFFC4B345EA819894FF2BFD1B" box="[225,253,711,732]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
“
|
||
<date id="FFEA36C3FFC4B345EB6C9894FE58FD1A" box="[268,398,711,733]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" value="2002-12-06" valueMax="2002-12-14" valueMin="2002-12-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAECF2BFFC4B345EB6C9894FE58FD1A" box="[268,398,711,733]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" value="2002-12-06" valueMax="2002-12-14" valueMin="2002-12-06">6–14.xii.2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, MA0211B49 // BMSA(DNA)#0050” (both
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4588C6FFC4B345E95C9894FCBAFD1B" box="[828,876,711,732]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="22" pageNumber="413" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB1003FFC4B345EAF098BFFC56FC81" blockId="22.[144,1104,204,838]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC4B345EB4798BFFEAAFCC1" box="[295,380,748,774]" captionStart="Figs 97–101" captionStartId="52.[144,183,1630,1652]" captionTargetBox="[151,1096,542,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-161@52.[151,1096,542,1610]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Figs 97–101. Distribution of Malagasy Curtonotom spp.: (97) C. coronaeformis sp. n.; (98) C. balachowskyi; (99) C. gladiiformis sp. n.; (100) C. rinhatinana sp. n.; (101) C. boeny." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342958/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
|
||
): Apparently confined to the Wooded GrasslandBushland vegetation
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EFAEA1FFC4B345EAB7995FFEDCFCE1" box="[215,266,780,806]" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, in the Central Highlands biome. In the Central biogeographical zone and Subarid bioclimatic zone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F0C86FFC4B345EBD6997FFD83FC81" box="[438,597,811,838]" captionStart="Figs 105–107" captionStartId="54.[144,183,783,805]" captionTargetBox="[155,1083,217,767]" captionTargetId="figure-361@54.[151,1096,204,767]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Figs 105–107. (105) The biomes of Madagascar (after Yoder & Nowak 2006); (106) biogeographic zonation of Madagascar, following Boumans et al. (2007) and partly Wilmé et al. (2006) (after Glaw & Vences 2007); (107) bioclimatic zonation of Madagascar, following Cornet (1974) and Schatz (2000) (after Glaw & Vences 2007)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8342964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8342964/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="413">Figs 105–107</figureCitation>
|
||
; Tables 1–3; Appendix II).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |