284 lines
37 KiB
XML
284 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="82D994DD4A87A33ABD65160039DFD63D" ID-CLB-Dataset="46709" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.277803" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c7a7345c-c0ba-4a28-bf43-2f2f58cbc35e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="277803" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460366400850" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moradmand, Majid & Jäger, Peter" docDate="2011" docId="03C787F54E31F034EFA0FC3D2FDBFBB5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02910p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2910" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Spariolenus iranomaximus Moradmand & Jäger, 2011, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFFEFF8D4E35F033EF37FF8F2F35FFED" masterDocTitle="A review on the huntsman spider genus Spariolenus Simon, 1880 (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae) in Iran with description of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="46" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1698295240505" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="0FB0B7C381FA199F6E7F21354119F335" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="C72DA6C1F5166C088EFF1E933E850654">
|
||
<mods:title id="7218A35C31062F1A4FB16193FE2C9B8E">A review on the huntsman spider genus Spariolenus Simon, 1880 (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae) in Iran with description of four new species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="72EC435426682A129B2CA630A1BA008A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B5576D12AB1F09523E7EAAC885A04AB6">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D8C2C85CE355355C2AB2A930B535221E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="48D0A61871272A7A959ECCCE19F50D53">Moradmand, Majid</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B7D72A2E0D9B4F5E55C8CFFC490F80D3" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="18BF12E718D3F36CD2453F1D31DB02C8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C6D8D14DC29BCF8444DC7C21F7074A0C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0387C663A7C81E76D9DE815FEB6D5DC6">Jäger, Peter</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="52D7614F240B24856E6F8EF702FB610F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="895E8ABC2323C7894B4662380720E47A" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="8EF94208EF9BABAC3F0152B785914D64">
|
||
<mods:title id="F346911E587A22CEE8AAB501BF6D2167">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="71FA03F48A8F1EFED8102F2AD612CA62">
|
||
<mods:date id="6E5BA11D254D42A366F03F981222B5DE">2011</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="3E8BF8E7664C1B43D33412CF688388D6" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="D87640E8C1F08DF52FB6E92450727F1B">2910</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="13789A04E2D67EF93645B98894E3F3D9" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="3B238F40D4E6C800E2E772E90AB97F09">46</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="20AD93F5144CA321059739CCFCAE09C0">62</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="31EFC83353ADCA77A4E5441BACE7B9A9">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5E0A9267104CAEFB2151815C83849A32" type="CLB-Dataset">46709</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B905AD987606530B864011B560B17819" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.277803</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E10C23C9A85187A25ACFAA80100F7A6C" type="GBIF-Dataset">c7a7345c-c0ba-4a28-bf43-2f2f58cbc35e</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="211E4C5540A8855892086B540A6AA242" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2E494E54B6071C86EF1D52BF8A1B8099" type="Zenodo-Dep">277803</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03C787F54E31F034EFA0FC3D2FDBFBB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6184005" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119410876" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6184005" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:22B0F09C-65F6-4EA2-91DF-63FD3C962B6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C787F54E31F034EFA0FC3D2FDBFBB5" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37465684E31F037EFA0FC3D2E6FFC00" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFA0FC3D2D6BFC21" blockId="4.[151,606,946,1005]" box="[151,606,946,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<heading id="D099818F4E31F037EFA0FC3D2D6BFC21" bold="true" box="[151,606,946,972]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFA0FC3D2D6BFC21" bold="true" box="[151,606,946,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D604E31F037EFA0FC3D2EEAFC21" ID-CoL="6Z7CW" box="[151,479,946,972]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Spariolenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iranomaximus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFA0FC3D2EEAFC21" bold="true" box="[151,479,946,972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Spariolenus iranomaximus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A229578A4E31F037EED1FC3D2D6BFC21" box="[486,606,946,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFA0FC5A2E6FFC00" blockId="4.[151,606,946,1005]" box="[151,346,981,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E31F037EFA0FC5A2E3CFC00" box="[151,265,981,1005]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 8 – 10" captionStart-1="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId-0="5.[151,264,1478,1501]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox-0="[217,1434,231,1442]" captionTargetBox-1="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1457]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 8 – 10. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., holotype male from Iran, Ilam Province, Khofash cave. Left palp (8 prolateral, 9 ventral, 10 retrolateral). Abbreviations: BRB—Basal retrolateral bulge; C—Conductor; dRTA—Dorsal part of retrolateral tibial apophysis; E—Embolus; SD—Sperm duct; T—Tegulum; vRTA — Ventral part of retrolateral tibial apophysis." captionText-1="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/277805/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Figs 8–19</figureCitation>
|
||
, 41–42
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37465684E31F037EFA0FB922B8BFB04" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFA0FB922B47FBB4" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFA0FB922EF7FBD8" bold="true" box="[151,450,1053,1078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E31F037EFA0FB922FE7FBD8" box="[151,210,1053,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E31F037EE7AFB922E8BFBD8" box="[333,446,1053,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
male,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037ED38FB922C20FBDB" bold="true" box="[527,789,1053,1078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37976734E31F037ED38FB922D6EFBDB" box="[527,603,1053,1078]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">IRAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037ED50FB922C20FBDB" bold="true" box="[615,789,1053,1078]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Ilam Province:</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dehloran, N 32˚44', E 51˚77', Khofash cave system, altitude
|
||
<quantity id="4C969B064E31F037EFF9FBCE2E22FBB4" box="[206,279,1089,1113]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="495.0">495 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E31F037EE14FBCE2EF7FBB4" box="[291,450,1089,1113]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" value="2009-04-16">16 April 2009</date>
|
||
, M. Moradmand, B. Fathinia and A. Keikhosravi leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7FAE264E31F037EB1EFBCE2B52FBB4" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1065,1127,1089,1113]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2FBEA2D68FB28" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFF2FBEA2E73FB90" bold="true" box="[197,326,1125,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E31F037EFF2FBEA2E74FB90" box="[197,321,1125,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1 3, 3 Ƥ all with same locality data as for
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E31F037EC0BFBEA2C97FB90" box="[828,930,1125,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D68FD6A4E31F037EC9AFBEA2CCEFB90" box="[941,1019,1125,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E31F037EB31FBEA2BD7FB90" box="[1030,1250,1125,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" value="2008-09-11">11 September 2008</date>
|
||
, M. Moradmand & B. Fathinia leg.;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D68FD6A4E31F037EE4CFB062ED7FB4C" box="[379,482,1161,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E31F037EEC6FB062D82FB4C" box="[497,695,1161,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" value="2008-10-29">29 October 2008</date>
|
||
, B. Fathinia leg.;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D68FD6A4E31F037ECBEFB062CCEFB4C" box="[905,1019,1161,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E31F037EB3DFB062B85FB4C" box="[1034,1200,1161,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" value="2009-04-16">16 April 2009</date>
|
||
, M. Moradmand, B. Fathinia and A. Keikhosravi leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7FAE264E31F037ED24FB222D64FB28" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[531,593,1197,1221]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2FB5E2B8BFB04" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" box="[197,1214,1233,1258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFF2FB5E2D07FB07" bold="true" box="[197,562,1233,1258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D68FD6A4E31F037ED0EFB5E2D99FB04" box="[569,684,1233,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="subadult">1 subadult</specimenCount>
|
||
Ƥ,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D68FD6A4E31F037EDE1FB5E2C60FB04" box="[726,853,1233,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="juvenile">2 juveniles</specimenCount>
|
||
: with same data as for
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E31F037EB63FB5E2B8FFB04" box="[1108,1210,1233,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37465684E31F037EFF2FB7A2CDFFADC" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2FB7A2CDFFADC" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFF2FB7A2E7EFAE0" bold="true" box="[197,331,1269,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name is composed of two words: “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37976734E31F037EC6CFB7A2CB9FAE0" box="[859,908,1269,1293]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
” refers to the locality where the spider is found and “maximus” (Latin: the largest) because of its impressive size; adjective.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37465684E31F037EFF2FAB22BEEFA2C" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2FAB22BEEFA2C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFF2FAB22E0AFABB" bold="true" box="[197,319,1341,1366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D604E31F037EEE5FAB12DBBFABB" box="[466,654,1342,1366]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Spariolenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iranomaximus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EEE5FAB12DBBFABB" box="[466,654,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">S. iranomaximus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A229578A4E31F037EDA2FAB12C32FABB" box="[661,775,1342,1366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EDA2FAB12C32FABB" bold="true" box="[661,775,1342,1366]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can easily be distinguished from other known males by the following characters: 1. Embolus longer than in other species, distinctly S-shaped, 2. Conductor elongated, c. three times longer than wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E31F037EE94FA0A2D22FA70" box="[419,535,1413,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 10" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1478,1501]" captionTargetBox="[217,1434,231,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1457]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 10. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., holotype male from Iran, Ilam Province, Khofash cave. Left palp (8 prolateral, 9 ventral, 10 retrolateral). Abbreviations: BRB—Basal retrolateral bulge; C—Conductor; dRTA—Dorsal part of retrolateral tibial apophysis; E—Embolus; SD—Sperm duct; T—Tegulum; vRTA — Ventral part of retrolateral tibial apophysis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277805/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Figs 8–10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Females can be distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D604E31F037EB2FFA092BABFA73" box="[1048,1182,1414,1438]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Spariolenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EB2FFA092BABFA73" box="[1048,1182,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Spariolenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by their prominent first coil of the internal duct system extending laterally beyond posterior parts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E31F037EB7BFA262BFAFA2C" box="[1100,1231,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Figs 12–13</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37465684E31F034EFF2FA422CBBFDD1" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2FA422B94FA08" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" box="[197,1185,1485,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFF2FA422EAFFA0B" bold="true" box="[197,410,1485,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Description. Male</emphasis>
|
||
(n=2) [
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E31F037EEDBFA422D64FA08" box="[492,593,1485,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
first, with measurements of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E31F037ECA5FA412CC7FA0B" box="[914,1010,1486,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
in parentheses]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2FA7E2C6CF998" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Males medium-sized. Total length: Prosoma length 6.3(4.6), prosoma width 5.3(4.1), anterior width of prosoma 3.8(2.3), opisthosoma length 7.4(3.8), opisthosoma width 4.8(2.6). Eyes: AME 0.30, ALE 0.65, PME 0.43, PLE 0.78, AME-AME 0.22, AME-ALE 0.05, PME-PME 0.22, PME-PLE 0.42, AME-PME 0.33, ALE-PLE 0.47, clypeus height at AME 0.75, clypeus height at ALE 0.42.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2F90E2FFFF8E8" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Chelicerae with 3 anterior and 5 posterior teeth. Cheliceral furrow with denticles (c. 10) but most of them close to the anterior teeth. Leg formula: 2143. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 7.1 [3.5, 1.6, 2.0], I 42.5 [11.5, 4.0, 13.0, 11.3, 2.7], II 44.4 [12.8, 3.9, 14.4, 12.7, 2.6], III 36.2 [10.5, 3.5, 10.6, 9.6, 2.3], IV 38.6 [11.0, 3.3, 11.1, 10.6, 2.6].</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2F89D2C1AF8A0" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFF2F89D2E02F8C4" box="[197,311,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Spination.</emphasis>
|
||
Palp 131, 101, 2111; Legs: Femur I–III 323, IV 321; Patella I–II 0 0 1, III–IV 000; Tibia I–II 101(10),
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E31F037EFA0F8B92FC6F8A0" box="[151,243,1845,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" value="1118-03">III 1118</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E31F037EFC9F8B92E68F8A0" box="[254,349,1845,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" value="2126-04">IV 2126</date>
|
||
; Metatarsus I–II 0 0 0 4,
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E31F037ED55F8B92D8AF8A0" box="[610,703,1845,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" value="1014-03">III 1014</date>
|
||
, IV 3036.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2F8D62FF6F854" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFF2F8D62E34F89C" box="[197,257,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Palp.</emphasis>
|
||
palp as in diagnosis with Embolus long, tegulum broad and conductor large, cymbium longer than tibia; RTA distally bifid with branches of similar size; dRTA and vRTA subdistally broad and distally pointed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E31F037EA71F8F22F83F854" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 10" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1478,1501]" captionTargetBox="[217,1434,231,1442]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1457]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 10. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., holotype male from Iran, Ilam Province, Khofash cave. Left palp (8 prolateral, 9 ventral, 10 retrolateral). Abbreviations: BRB—Basal retrolateral bulge; C—Conductor; dRTA—Dorsal part of retrolateral tibial apophysis; E—Embolus; SD—Sperm duct; T—Tegulum; vRTA — Ventral part of retrolateral tibial apophysis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277805/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Figs 8– 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E31F037EFF2F8492A4DF830" blockId="4.[151,1436,1053,2014]" box="[197,1400,1989,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E31F037EFF2F8492E29F833" bold="true" box="[197,284,1990,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="50">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(n=3): Females very large (leg span and body length reaching
|
||
<quantity id="4C969B064E31F037ECECF84A2B0DF830" box="[987,1080,1989,2013]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4C969B064E31F037EB59F84A2BE1F830" box="[1134,1236,1989,2013]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.12" pageId="4" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="31.2">31.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF11666B4E30F036EFA0FA492ABFF9F4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277805/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[217,1434,231,1442]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E30F036EFA0FA492ABFF9F4" blockId="5.[151,1436,1478,1561]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E30F036EFA0FA492E7DFA36" bold="true" box="[151,328,1478,1501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">FIGURES 8–10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D604E30F036EE67FA492D57FA31" box="[336,610,1478,1500]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Spariolenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iranomaximus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E30F036EE67FA492D57FA31" box="[336,610,1478,1500]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">Spariolenus iranomaximus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A229578A4E30F036ED5EFA482DE4FA31" box="[617,721,1479,1500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E30F036ED5EFA482DE4FA31" bold="true" box="[617,721,1479,1500]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype male from Iran, Ilam Province, Khofash cave. Left palp (8 prolateral, 9 ventral, 10 retrolateral). Abbreviations: BRB—Basal retrolateral bulge; C—Conductor; dRTA—Dorsal part of retrolateral tibial apophysis; E—Embolus; SD—Sperm duct; T—Tegulum; vRTA —Ventral part of retrolateral tibial apophysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E30F036EFF2F9C82C2FF927" blockId="5.[151,1436,1606,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Prosoma length 8.4–13.0, prosoma width 7.8–12.1, anterior width of prosoma 4.6–8.2, opisthosoma length 11.5–18.2, opisthosoma width 8.3–13.1. Eyes of the largest female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E30F036EC94F9E42B3DF96E" box="[931,1032,1643,1667]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
: AME 0.46, ALE 1.11, PME 0.73, PLE 1.16, AME-AME 0.40, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.54, PME-PLE 0.91, AME-PME 0.75, ALE-PLE 0.95, clypeus height at AME 1.59, clypeus height at ALE 0.94.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E30F036EFF2F9592E6DF893" blockId="5.[151,1436,1606,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Chelicerae with 3 anterior and 5 posterior teeth; cheliceral furrow with denticles (c. 10) most of them close to the three anterior teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E30F036EE93F9752EC2F8FF" box="[420,503,1786,1810]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Leg formula: 2143. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 20.6 [6.4, 3.1, 4.3, 6.8], I 60.0 [16.6, 7.3, 16.9, 15.4, 3.8], II 63.8 [18.3, 7.5, 18.0, 16.5, 3.5], III 53.1 [15.7, 6.5, 14.6, 13.5, 2.8], IV 55.0 [15.3, 6.0, 15.4, 15.3, 3.0]. Female palpal claw with first tooth longer than secondary teeth, six secondary teeth present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E30F036EFC0F8E92E7FF893" box="[247,330,1894,1918]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E30F036EFF2F8042E9FF807" blockId="5.[151,1436,1606,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E30F036EFF2F8042E05F84F" box="[197,304,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="51">Spination</emphasis>
|
||
[of the largest female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E30F036ED05F8042DACF84E" box="[562,665,1931,1955]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
]. Palp 131, 101, 2121, 1014; Legs: Femur I–II 423–433, III 323, IV 321–322; Patella I–II 101, III–IV 100–101; Tibia I–II 101(10)–201(10),
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E30F036ECF9F8202B19F82B" box="[974,1068,1966,1990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51" value="1318-03">III 1318</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E30F036EB0DF8202BAFF82B" box="[1082,1178,1966,1990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51" value="2126-04">IV 2126</date>
|
||
; Metatarsus I–II 0 0 0 4,
|
||
<date id="FFD010234E30F036EFA0F85C2FC7F807" box="[151,242,2002,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="51" value="1014-03">III 1014</date>
|
||
–2014, IV 3036.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF11666B4E33F035EFA0F8E22EECF80D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E33F035EFA0F8E22EECF80D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1901,2016]" pageId="6" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E33F035EFA0F8E22E67F86E" bold="true" box="[151,338,1901,1924]" pageId="6" pageNumber="52">FIGURES 11–19.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D604E33F035EE60F8E12D52F869" box="[343,615,1902,1924]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Spariolenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iranomaximus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E33F035EE60F8E12D52F869" box="[343,615,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="52">Spariolenus iranomaximus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A229578A4E33F035ED5AF8E12DE6F86E" box="[621,723,1902,1923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="52" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E33F035ED5AF8E12DE6F86E" bold="true" box="[621,723,1902,1923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="52">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18–19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E32F034EFF2FF172FF6FE6A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E32F034EFF2FF172E58FF5D" box="[197,365,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Epigyne/vulva.</emphasis>
|
||
Copulatory organ as in diagnosis with epigynal field longer than wide; anterior band of epigynal field present, long and narrow may be separated or attached to the epigynal field, spirally coiled copulatory openings are broad; central epigynal rims extending laterally beyond the copulatory openings; anterior bands of epigynal field are long, narrow and attached to epigynal field; median slit long, posterior part of the median slit absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E32F034EFD9FEA82E0AFED2" box="[238,319,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
); first windings of the internal duct system wide and long, flattened and with distinct margins; glandular pores present on parts of second coil but distinctly visible on the hump-like structures of third coil (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E32F034EA0EFEC32F83FE6A" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Figs 12– 13</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E32F034EFF2FE1B2D41FE22" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E32F034EFF2FE1B2E60FE41" box="[197,341,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Colouration.</emphasis>
|
||
Yellowish brown with dark–brown spots and marking on prosoma and dorsal of opisthosoma. Legs with dark brown bands (Figs 41–42).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E32F034EFF2FE542CBBFDD1" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E32F034EFF2FE542E0CFE19" bold="true" box="[197,313,475,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
First windings of vulva overlapping partially each other in different ways including left copulatory duct overlapping the initial part of the left one (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E32F034ED98FE702C35FDFA" box="[687,768,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
) or vice versa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E32F034EC86FE702B31FDFA" box="[945,1028,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Third winding with only one large hump (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E32F034EFD1FDAB2E02FDD1" box="[230,311,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
) or with several small hump-like structures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13552A664E32F034EC19FDAB2CB4FDD1" box="[814,897,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 – 19" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1901,1924]" captionTargetBox="[219,1364,186,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[219,1365,181,1882]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11 – 19. Spariolenus iranomaximus spec. nov., paratype female. 11 Epigyne, ventral; 12 Vulva, dorsal; 13 Vulva, lateral; 14 Schematic course of internal duct system, dorsal (from left duct of the vulva figure 12, not scaled); 15 Eye arrangement, dorsal; 16 Left chelicera, ventral; 17 Left female palpal claw, retrolateral; 18 – 19 Variation of vulvae, dorsal. AB— Anterior band of epigynal field." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277806/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37465684E32F034EFF2FDC82FDBFBB5" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E32F034EFF2FDC82DDAFDB2" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1112]" box="[197,751,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E32F034EFF2FDC82E6BFD8D" bold="true" box="[197,350,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D588414E32F034ED69FDC72DBBFD8D" box="[606,654,584,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD136E34E32F034EFF2FDE42FDBFBB5" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E32F034EFF2FDE42DB6FD69" bold="true" box="[197,643,619,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Life history and habitat preferences.</emphasis>
|
||
One subadult male and several small juveniles were observed at the broad entrance passage of the cave while larger juveniles and adult spiders were encountered in the deeper parts and a huge corridor inside the cave which its walls reaching nearly 35 meters high. The spiders were observed facing downward on the walls. The cave was hot and humid. The cave floor was covered with a dense layer of bat guano. Khofash cave is an interesting cave system. It is a shelter of approximately 25–30,000 bats belonging to four different species (De
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF4B124E32F034EEF8FC902D61FCDA" author="Blase" box="[463,596,799,823]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" refString="DeBlase, A. F. (1980) The bats of Iran: systematics, distribution, ecology. Fieldiana Zoology, 4, 1 - 424." type="journal article" year="1980">Blase 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Sharifi personal communication). It was observed that unknown small coleopteran species feed on and live in the huge piles of bat guano carpeting the cave floor. It can be estimated that it is a good example of a “Bat Guano Ecosystem” as proposed by Paulson (1972). Several unknown species of insects belonging to the orders Blattodea and Coleoptera inhabit the cave. Representatives of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D604E32F034EBFEFC032A13FC49" box="[1225,1318,908,932]" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Araneae</taxonomicName>
|
||
were also observed on some pile of breakdowns on the cave floor, two species belong to the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D604E32F034EB87FC3F2E6DFC01" authority="Hentz, 1841" authorityName="Hentz" authorityYear="1841" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Spermophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E32F034EB87FC3F2A7CFC25" box="[1200,1353,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Spermophora</emphasis>
|
||
Hentz, 1841 (Pholcidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D604E32F034EEA6FC5B2CFAFC01" authority="Heineken and Lowe, 1832" authorityName="Heineken and Lowe" authorityYear="1832" box="[401,975,980,1004]" class="Arachnida" family="Sicariidae" genus="Loxosceles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E32F034EEA6FC5B2D39FC01" box="[401,524,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">Loxosceles</emphasis>
|
||
Heineken and Lowe, 1832 (Sicariidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In one case a subadult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E4D604E32F034EBE9FC5A2AA9FC01" box="[1246,1436,981,1004]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Spariolenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iranomaximus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E32F034EBE9FC5A2AA9FC01" box="[1246,1436,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">S. iranomaximus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A229578A4E32F034EFA0FC772E39FBFD" box="[151,268,1016,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91AEAF14E32F034EFA0FC772E39FBFD" bold="true" box="[151,268,1016,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="53">spec. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was observed capturing and feeding on an unidentified large cockroach species (Blattodea) (Fig. 41). These large spiders might be at the end of the food chain among cave dwelling invertebrates and small guano consumers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |