219 lines
25 KiB
XML
219 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="BF377863C8C6A4A845C2C9249CA0B477" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3587.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="20d58797-2815-434b-a9c5-5786e926af9d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="283115" ID-ZooBank="91FCB387-5D4F-4F12-ABDC-B06D7F60A271" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460563276739" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boehme, Nicole F., Tanner, David A., Williams, Kevin A. & Pitts, James P." docDate="2012" docId="038187E51610FFB0FF09E907FAC1FEF9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03587p045.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3587" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sphaeropthalma angulifera Schuster 1958" docType="treatment" docVersion="15" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFB8FF9D1608FFA9FF9EED63FFB0FF9D" masterDocTitle="Faunal study of velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) and their activity patterns and habitat preference at Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, Nye County, Nevada, USA" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698320574733" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="FD664B4C63598595B11E1C77C8ECEB69" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="000DD30FEFB85B842575057A57723113">
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<mods:title id="1C08FE73B797D04A7A281109550ACEDC">Faunal study of velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) and their activity patterns and habitat preference at Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, Nye County, Nevada, USA</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="858590B95663E41BE0286FE2C7261105" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B081F1B4F307C8036F2277BE96ACDC53">
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<mods:roleTerm id="586B07D3D6994BB473B8C07FB5C51084">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DE28A168CFC9C13F89E425E0C519E26A">Boehme, Nicole F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7D298AD226412BAD3393D262C4532EA2" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="9160CF485C678782A91B9C6048E3242A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C934CA62A11BFEA916266A7B4D5A8C5B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A7CDA0AB9E6EE34F531F08E2EAE4640A">Tanner, David A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2D4E6DDD456F5FA27059D50735A16FCA" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D3DFF77D527CE28F155AE9D603F6F399">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5199FB0A88C073E0CC210286A019BC7D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B8B13EFB0EC8445DCD411E89425938C4">Williams, Kevin A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A07F661EE95F00D5C7260D37BA0371F8" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FB39253B4D11A92E67EA6C44D9D159C5">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1D74E2FB6205EEDD267E50121446014E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="45D6FA6F21146868E528C16C337400B7">Pitts, James P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A481D0C2245139DE8C79784D3EF68AE8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="7B22AEF1A0612C52AB4CBFA6723067C9" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6FACD8963F4990D27D813A5F9C145571">
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<mods:title id="9528A91140B5B56D786755FA61031F1D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="FF2E98B216C0252FA116938B9E830EDB">
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<mods:date id="EDE1EBA6B1C166367E3374049FE83D3E">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C18574BED0BB6B3C6BD2C0EEEA2AA892" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="EE114669F7607843757E1F212477EB4C">2012-12-17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="184F64641DC7CC3C9F8A550E0A50DFD2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5F6A8909C94DFBC9B63B72A363367DBA">3587</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="9701D93001408B8A4E7C14F2B32CC31E" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="DF15F2127D420284A114540AB6A88ABA">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="987314AD7E905F954E9B85BCC3A6C5D9">45</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="2D79528600909708E7A4E43BD902AF50">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="883887CE505E7FBB49E353C37C4B330C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3587.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="586D9F4CA62D616C8032F6C585A2F3FC" type="GBIF-Dataset">20d58797-2815-434b-a9c5-5786e926af9d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7CD014920EB92810D8CAFC3AA07B1045" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FCAAE955CE2F1A64520F1821972F0217" type="Zenodo-Dep">283115</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FFB04AF4692AD40353C1624F76C6C19F" type="ZooBank">91FCB387-5D4F-4F12-ABDC-B06D7F60A271</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="038187E51610FFB0FF09E907FAC1FEF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5627542" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119557105" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5627542" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038187E51610FFB0FF09E907FAC1FEF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038187E51610FFB0FF09E907FAC1FEF9" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="C33265781610FFB1FF09E907FD10FBE0" box="[151,672,1123,1150]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9736F31610FFB1FF09E907FD10FBE0" blockId="24.[151,672,1123,1150]" box="[151,672,1123,1150]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="D0DF819F1610FFB1FF09E907FD10FBE0" bold="true" box="[151,672,1123,1150]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D701610FFB1FF09E907FD10FBE0" authority="Schuster, 1958" authorityName="Schuster" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,672,1123,1150]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifera">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF09E907FD10FBE0" bold="true" box="[151,672,1123,1150]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF09E907FE56FBE3" bold="true" box="[151,486,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeropthalma angulifera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B021610FFB1FE72E900FD10FBE0" author="Schuster, R. M." box="[492,672,1123,1149]" firstAuthor="Schuster" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Americana" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 130" part="37" refId="ref58869" refString="Schuster, R. M. (1958) A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. Volume II. Entomologica Americana, 37, 1 - 130." title="A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. Volume II" type="journal article" year="1958">Schuster, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33265781610FFB1FF09E9C9FAE9FB5C" box="[151,1369,1194,1217]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9736F31610FFB1FF09E9C9FAE9FB5C" blockId="24.[151,1369,1194,1217]" box="[151,1369,1194,1217]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3811DD1610FFB1FF09E9C9FAE9FB5C" box="[151,1369,1194,1217]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D701610FFB1FF09E9C9FD5CFB5D" authority="Schuster, 1958: 32" authorityName="Schuster" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,748,1194,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifera" subGenus="Photopsis">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF09E9C9FE8DFB5D" box="[151,317,1194,1216]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeropthalma</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FED2E9C9FE00FB5D" box="[332,432,1194,1216]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Photopsis</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FE20E9C9FD98FB5D" box="[446,552,1194,1216]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">angulifera</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8910E21610FFB1FDB0E9C9FD5CFB5D" author="Schuster" box="[558,748,1194,1216]" page="32" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1958">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B021610FFB1FDB0E9C9FD5CFB5D" author="Schuster, R. M." box="[558,748,1194,1216]" firstAuthor="Schuster" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Americana" page="32" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 130" part="37" refId="ref58869" refString="Schuster, R. M. (1958) A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. Volume II. Entomologica Americana, 37, 1 - 130." title="A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. Volume II" type="journal article" year="1958">Schuster, 1958: 32</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 3.
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<typeStatus id="549388511610FFB1FC89E9C9FCC9FB5D" box="[791,889,1194,1216]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: California, Kern County, Bakersfield (CASC).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33265781610FFB1FF09E98EFD8BF90C" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9736F31610FFB1FF09E98EFD8BF90C" blockId="24.[151,1436,1261,2005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF09E98EFEBAFA9B" bold="true" box="[151,266,1261,1286]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. MALE. The male of this species can be recognized by having mandibles that are weakly excised ventrally with a distinct angulate basal tooth and an apex that is tridentate and oblique, but most importantly the dorsal carina of the mandible is angulate at the midpoint of the mandible coinciding with the ventral tooth (see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B021610FFB1FAF4E856FE93FAEC" author="Pitts, J. P. & Williams, K. A. & Wilson, J. S. & Boehme, N. F." etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Pitts" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 34" part="2553" refId="ref58654" refString="Pitts, J. P., Williams, K. A., Wilson, J. S. & Boehme, N. F. (2010 a) Nocturnal velvet ant males (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Deep Canyon, California including four new species and a fifth new species from Owens Lake Valley, California. Zootaxa, 2553, 1 - 34." title="Nocturnal velvet ant males (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Deep Canyon, California including four new species and a fifth new species from Owens Lake Valley, California" type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="a">
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Pitts
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF09E839FF61FAEC" box="[151,209,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
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2010a
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</bibRefCitation>
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: Fig. 54), the posterior margin of the head is quadrate, the mesosternum lacks processes, the second metasomal sternite has a distinct felt line, and the pygidium is granulate. The genitalia also help to diagnose this species; the cuspis is a uniform diameter from the base to the apex (see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B021610FFB1FC20E8C2FB30FA24" author="Pitts, J. P. & Williams, K. A. & Wilson, J. S. & Boehme, N. F." box="[958,1152,1441,1465]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Pitts" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 34" part="2553" refId="ref58654" refString="Pitts, J. P., Williams, K. A., Wilson, J. S. & Boehme, N. F. (2010 a) Nocturnal velvet ant males (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Deep Canyon, California including four new species and a fifth new species from Owens Lake Valley, California. Zootaxa, 2553, 1 - 34." title="Nocturnal velvet ant males (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Deep Canyon, California including four new species and a fifth new species from Owens Lake Valley, California" type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="a">
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Pitts
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FC69E8C1FB80FA24" box="[1015,1072,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
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2010a
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</bibRefCitation>
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: Fig. 53). FEMALE. The female of this species can be diagnosed by the following combination of characters: the dorsum of the body is covered with moderately dense erect pale golden brachyplumose setae that do not obscure the integument; the ventral margin of the mandible has a slight excision followed by a distinct angulate tooth and lacks a dorsal tooth at the termination of the dorsal carina; the head below the eyes widens towards the mandibular insertions; the first metasomal segment is sessile with the second; the pygidium is granulate; and the apical margins of the tergites have dense fringes of white plumose setae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33265781610FFB1FF59EBFEFCA0F8BC" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9736F31610FFB1FF59EBFEFCA0F8BC" blockId="24.[151,1436,1261,2005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF59EBFEFE01F92B" bold="true" box="[199,433,1693,1718]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="549388511610FFB1FE26EBFDFE40F92B" box="[440,496,1694,1718]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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<materialsCitation id="3B403CAE1610FFB1FDFCEBFEFA28F928" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744625352" box="[610,1432,1693,1718]" collectionCode="CASC" county="Kern County" location="Bakersfield" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="549388511610FFB1FDFCEBFEFD7AF92B" box="[610,714,1693,1718]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FDFCEBFEFD7AF92B" bold="true" box="[610,714,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C284D701610FFB1FD6FEBFDFC31F928" box="[753,897,1693,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifera">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FD6FEBFDFC31F928" box="[753,897,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. angulifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49ECF8111610FFB1FC0FEBFEFBB6F928" box="[913,1030,1693,1717]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">California</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62F64E7F1610FFB1FB8CEBFDFB14F928" box="[1042,1188,1693,1717]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kern County</collectingCounty>
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,
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<location id="8EF760281610FFB1FB2EEBFEFA81F928" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038187E51610FFB0FF09E907FAC1FEF9:8EF760281610FFB1FB2EEBFEFA81F928" box="[1200,1329,1693,1717]" county="Kern County" name="Bakersfield" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="California">Bakersfield</location>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED39AE361610FFB1FADFEBFEFA20F928" box="[1345,1424,1693,1717]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">CASC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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. Other material.
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<materialsCitation id="3B403CAE1610FFB1FED6EBA1FBF5F944" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744625408" box="[328,1093,1729,1754]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FED6EBA1FE19F947" bold="true" box="[328,425,1730,1754]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Nevada,</emphasis>
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Nye Co., AMNWR: Non-dune site 5: 1 ♀, PT, 8.
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<date id="FF9610331610FFB1FC4DEBA2FBF5F944" box="[979,1093,1729,1753]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2008-07-01">VII.2008,</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B403CAE1610FFB1FBD2EBA2FF60F963" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744625221" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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1 ♀, PT,
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<date id="FF9610331610FFB1FB2FEBA2FA8DF944" box="[1201,1341,1729,1753]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2008-07-22">22.VII.2008</date>
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, NFB & DAT
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="3B403CAE1610FFB1FF45EB86FCF9F960" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744624533" box="[219,841,1765,1790]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Copeland site: 1 ♀, PT,
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<date id="FF9610331610FFB1FE73EB86FDDFF960" box="[493,623,1765,1789]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2008-06-24">24.VI.2008</date>
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, NFB, DAT & JPP
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="3B403CAE1610FFB1FCC8EB86FA28F963" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744625327" box="[854,1432,1765,1790]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Mesquite site 1: 1 ♀, PT,
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<date id="FF9610331610FFB1FBE4EB86FB47F960" box="[1146,1271,1765,1789]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2008-07-08">8.VII.2008</date>
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, NFB & DAT
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="3B403CAE1610FFB1FF09EA6AFCA0F8BC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3744624887" box="[151,784,1801,1826]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Mesquite site 2: 1 ♀, PT,
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<date id="FF9610331610FFB1FE2BEA6AFD87F8BC" box="[437,567,1801,1825]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2008-06-24">24.VI.2008</date>
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, NFB, DAT & JPP.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33265781610FFB1FF59EA4EFEA5F810" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B9736F31610FFB1FF59EA4EFD0EF8D8" blockId="24.[151,1436,1261,2005]" box="[199,702,1837,1862]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF59EA4EFED0F8DB" bold="true" box="[199,352,1837,1862]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F33F76631610FFB1FEF9EA4EFE2FF8D8" box="[359,415,1837,1861]" name="United States of America" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">USA</collectingCountry>
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(California and Nevada).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9736F31610FFB1FF59EA32FEA5F810" blockId="24.[151,1436,1261,2005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF59EA32FE9BF8F7" bold="true" box="[199,299,1873,1898]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Activity.</emphasis>
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No males were collected. Females were collected in early through mid-summer (late
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<date id="FF9610331610FFB1FA96EA31FEBAF810" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="2008-06" valueMax="2008-07-31" valueMin="2008-06-00">June through July 2008</date>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33265781610FFB0FF59EAF9FC5AFF49" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9736F31610FFB0FF59EAF9FC5AFF49" blockId="24.[151,1436,1261,2005]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF59EAF9FE8BF82F" bold="true" box="[199,315,1946,1970]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C284D701610FFB1FEDCEAFAFDC7F82C" box="[322,631,1945,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifera">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FEDCEAFAFDC7F82C" box="[322,631,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sphaeropthalma angulifera</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
were too rarely encountered to determine their habitat preference. Five
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C284D701610FFB1FF09EADDFE98F848" box="[151,296,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifera">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB1FF09EADDFE98F848" box="[151,296,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. angulifera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
females were collected from late June through July in pitfall traps. Nine female and twelve male
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C284D701610FFB0FA19EADDFEBCFF2D" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifera">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95CEAE11610FFB0FA19EADDFEBCFF2D" italics="true" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. angulifera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
were found at the NTS via pitfall traps (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B021611FFB0FD7BEDF4FC23FF32" author="Ferguson, W. E." box="[741,915,151,175]" firstAuthor="Ferguson" journalOrPublisher="Brigham Young University Science Bulletin" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 26" part="8" refId="ref57776" refString="Ferguson, W. E. (1967) Male Sphaeropthalmine mutillid wasps of the Nevada Test Site. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, 8 (4), 1 - 26." title="Male Sphaeropthalmine mutillid wasps of the Nevada Test Site" type="journal article" year="1967">Ferguson 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B021611FFB0FC3EEDF4FB9DFF32" author="Allred, D. M." box="[928,1069,151,175]" firstAuthor="Allred" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="179 - 182" part="23" refId="ref56899" refString="Allred, D. M. (1973) Additional records of mutillid wasps from the Nevada Test Site. Great Basin Naturalist, 33 (3), 156 - 162. Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of New Parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 179 - 182." title="Additional records of mutillid wasps from the Nevada Test Site. Great Basin Naturalist, 33 (3), 156 - 162. Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of New Parasitic Hymenoptera" type="journal article" year="1973">Allred 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Female were found from May through July and males were found from late June through early September.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C33265781611FFB0FF59ED83FAC1FEF9" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph id="8B9736F31611FFB0FF59ED83FAC1FEF9" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C284D701611FFB0FF59ED83FE4BFF65" authority="Schuster, 1958" authorityName="Schuster" authorityYear="1958" box="[199,507,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulifera">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95CEAE11611FFB0FF59ED83FE4BFF65" box="[199,507,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Sphaeropthalma angulifera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is morphologically similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C284D701611FFB0FCD1ED83FC7AFF65" box="[847,970,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95CEAE11611FFB0FCD1ED83FC7AFF65" box="[847,970,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. unicolor</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C284D701611FFB0FB9FED83FBCDFF65" box="[1025,1149,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendica">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95CEAE11611FFB0FB9FED83FBCDFF65" box="[1025,1149,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. mendica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but can be differentiated from these two species by mandibular morphology (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B021611FFB0FC8FEC67FBA2FE81" author="Wilson, J. S. & Pitts, J. P." box="[785,1042,260,284]" firstAuthor="Wilson" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="212 - 226" part="18" refId="ref59370" refString="Wilson, J. S. & Pitts, J. P. (2009) Species boundaries of Sphaeropthalma unicolor (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae): Is color useful for differentiating species? Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 18, 212 - 226." title="Species boundaries of Sphaeropthalma unicolor (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae): Is color useful for differentiating species" type="journal article" year="2009">Wilson & Pitts 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Although this species is found throughout the Mojave and western Sonoran deserts, it is extremely rare. Wilson and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFB94B021611FFB0FBEEEC44FB46FEA2" author="Pitts, J. P. & Wilson, J. S. & Williams, K. A. & Boehme, N. F." box="[1136,1270,295,319]" firstAuthor="Pitts" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 53" part="2131" refId="ref58778" refString="Pitts, J. P., Wilson, J. S., Williams, K. A. & Boehme, N. F. (2009) The velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of the Algodones sand dunes of California, USA. Zootaxa, 2131, 1 - 53." title="The velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of the Algodones sand dunes of California, USA" type="journal article" year="2009">Pitts (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
diagnosed the female based on associations made from similarities of the female to that of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C284D701611FFB0FC73EC2EFBD8FEF9" box="[1005,1128,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendica">
|
|
<emphasis id="B95CEAE11611FFB0FC73EC2EFBD8FEF9" box="[1005,1128,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. mendica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and distributional data.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |