289 lines
40 KiB
XML
289 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="7F90BA010AB965C96FF5241F6078F8F3" ID-CLB-Dataset="27705" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4543.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f64e8e3b-8b5e-48d6-968a-68ca461e5d9b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2617771" ID-ZooBank="0D3BBCE4-B836-417F-A293-6A93D155A0C7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553928283228" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Baumsteiger, Jason & Moyle, Peter B." docDate="2019" docId="03816E226F08CC02FF7FD956FF3251B2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4543.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4543 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hesperoleucus venustus subsp. navarroensis Snyder 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="232" masterDocId="FFB8165A6F02CC0EFFE8DA31FFD95039" masterDocTitle="A reappraisal of the California Roach / Hitch (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Hesperoleucus / Lavinia) species complex" masterLastPageNumber="240" masterPageNumber="221" pageNumber="231" updateTime="1698715391440" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="85E026F95D4F715DED0DD881D684426F">A reappraisal of the California Roach / Hitch (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Hesperoleucus / Lavinia) species complex</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="10981D1B89A7FBED38CDDA1711396CD4">Baumsteiger, Jason</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="615AD3C61E9DE4FCCFDC956FB02B5656">Moyle, Peter B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="97A06A6EB7CB00F8D5698D6532CA23C8">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03816E226F08CC02FF7FD956FF3251B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5936953" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154529793" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5936953" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03816E226F08CC02FF7FD956FF3251B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03816E226F08CC02FF7FD956FF3251B2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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<paragraph id="8B97DF346F08CC04FF7FD956FCDE53BB" blockId="10.[151,775,871,931]" box="[151,775,871,898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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<heading id="D0DF68586F08CC04FF7FD956FCDE53BB" bold="true" box="[151,775,871,898]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C28A4B76F08CC04FF7FD956FCDE53BB" ID-CoL="6LQV9" authority="Snyder, 1913" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,775,871,898]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Hesperoleucus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="venustus" subSpecies="navarroensis">
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FF7FD956FCDE53BB" bold="true" box="[151,775,871,898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FF7FD956FD8653B8" bold="true" box="[151,607,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Hesperoleucus venustus navarroensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F08CC04FD8ED959FCDE53BB" author="Snyder, J. O." box="[614,775,872,898]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="49 - 72" refId="ref15647" refString="Snyder, J. O. (1913) The fishes of the streams tributary to Monterey Bay, California. Bulletin, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 32, 49 - 72." type="journal article" year="1913">Snyder, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B97DF346F08CC04FF7FD9BBFE7F539A" blockId="10.[151,775,871,931]" box="[151,422,906,931]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Northern Coastal Roach</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3328CBF6F08CC04FF7FD9E3FDC8556A" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B97DF346F08CC04FF7FD9E3FD6C5436" blockId="10.[151,1437,978,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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<materialsCitation id="3B40D5696F08CC04FF7FD9E3FEA75436" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147525056" collectionCode="CA" county="Mendocino Co." location="Originally" municipality="Philo" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCode="USNM 74477" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FF7FD9E3FED453D2" bold="true" box="[151,269,978,1003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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<typeStatus id="549361966F08CC04FF7FD9E3FED153D2" box="[151,264,978,1003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode id="DB8E774F6F08CC04FEFFD9E2FE6453D2" box="[279,445,979,1003]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="Museum">USNM 74477</specimenCode>
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.
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<location id="8EF789EF6F08CC04FE22D9E3FDE453D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03816E226F08CC02FF7FD956FF3251B2:8EF789EF6F08CC04FE22D9E3FDE453D2" box="[458,573,978,1003]" county="Mendocino Co." municipality="Philo" name="Originally" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Originally</location>
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described as
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<taxonomicName id="4C28A4B76F08CC04FD37D9E2FBC653D3" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1913" box="[735,1055,979,1003]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Hesperoleucus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navarroensis">
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FD37D9E2FBC653D3" box="[735,1055,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Hesperoleucus navarroensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<location id="8EF789EF6F08CC04FB82D9E2FAC953D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03816E226F08CC02FF7FD956FF3251B2:8EF789EF6F08CC04FB82D9E2FAC953D2" box="[1130,1296,978,1003]" county="Mendocino Co." municipality="Philo" name="Navarro River" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Navarro River</location>
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, near
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BF3454E6F08CC04FAB1D9E3FA4E53D2" box="[1369,1431,978,1003]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Philo</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62F6A7B86F08CC04FF7FD9C7FE9E5436" box="[151,327,1014,1039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Mendocino Co.</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED3947F16F08CC04FEBBD9C6FEA75436" box="[339,382,1015,1039]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B40D5696F08CC04FE60D9C6FD6B5436" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147525053" box="[392,690,1015,1039]" collectionCode="CAS-SU" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" specimenCode="CAS-SU 22488" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="549361966F08CC04FE60D9C6FE375437" box="[392,494,1015,1038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FE60D9C6FE375437" box="[392,494,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Paratype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="DB8E774F6F08CC04FE15D9C6FD6B5436" box="[509,690,1015,1039]" collectionCode="CAS-SU" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fxd1-0prj" name="California Academy of Sciences, Stanford University Collection" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">CAS-SU 22488</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B97DF346F08CC04FF2FDE2BFDC8556A" blockId="10.[151,1437,978,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F08CC04FF2FDE2BFEBE540A" author="Snyder, J. O." box="[199,359,1050,1075]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="49 - 72" refId="ref15647" refString="Snyder, J. O. (1913) The fishes of the streams tributary to Monterey Bay, California. Bulletin, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 32, 49 - 72." type="journal article" year="1913">Snyder (1913)</bibRefCitation>
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described two species as occurring within the range of this subspecies:
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<taxonomicName id="4C28A4B76F08CC04FB6CDE2AFAEF540B" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1913" box="[1156,1334,1051,1074]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Hesperoleucus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navarroensis">
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FB6CDE2AFAEF540B" box="[1156,1334,1051,1074]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">H. navarroensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Navarro River basin, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C28A4B76F08CC04FE2DDE0EFD92546F" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1913" box="[453,587,1087,1110]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Hesperoleucus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venustus">
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FE2DDE0EFD92546F" box="[453,587,1087,1110]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">H. venustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from a mixture of Russian River, Tomales Bay, and San Francisco Bay regions.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F08CC04FF14DE53FE775442" author="Hopkirk, J. D." box="[252,430,1122,1147]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref13678" refString="Hopkirk, J. D. (1973) Endemism in fishes of the Clear Lake region of central California. University of California Publications in Zoology, 96, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1973">Hopkirk (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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disagreed with Snyder, placing Russian River individuals within the subspecies
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FA8CDE52FEF154A7" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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H. s.
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<taxonomicName id="4C28A4B76F08CC04FF7FDEB6FEF154A7" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,296,1159,1182]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Hesperoleucus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navarroensis">navarroensis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and downgrading Tomales and San Francisco Bay individuals to population status.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F08CC04FB0ADEB7FF3854FA" author="Aguilar, A. & Jones, W. J." pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="373 - 381" refId="ref12469" refString="Aguilar, A. & Jones, W. J. (2009) Nuclear and mitochondrial diversification in two native California minnows: insights into taxonomic identity and regional phylogeography. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 51, 373 - 381." type="journal article" year="2009">Aguilar & Jones (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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found genetic distinctiveness for a Navarro/Russian grouping and a Tomales/SF Bay grouping within their microsatellite analyses. They also found some mtDNA distinctiveness for each location proposed (Navarro, Russian, and Tomales/SF Bay).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F08CC04FDF8DEC3FCE55532" author="Baumsteiger, J. & Moyle, P. B. & Aguilar, A. & O'Rourke, S. M. & Miller, M. R." box="[528,828,1266,1291]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="0189417" refId="ref12892" refString="Baumsteiger, J., Moyle, P. B., Aguilar, A., O'Rourke, S. M. & Miller, M. R. (2017) Genomics clarifies taxonomic boundaries in a difficult species complex. PloS One, 12 (12), e 0189417." type="journal article" year="2017">
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Baumsteiger
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FD41DEC2FD3F5532" box="[681,742,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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found clear genomic distinctions between Navarro/ Russian and Tomales/SF Bay individuals, consistent with other studies, supporting our assertion of two subspecies within the Coastal Roach species.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3328CBF6F08CC04FF2FDF6FFA585676" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B97DF346F08CC04FF2FDF6FFA585676" blockId="10.[151,1437,978,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FF2FDF6FFE88554E" bold="true" box="[199,337,1374,1399]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Description</emphasis>
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. Like other Coastal Roach, members of this subspecies are relatively trim, with a slender caudal peduncle, short, pointed snout, and variable length fins (dependent on which region is sampled). Individuals are typically
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<quantity id="4CD072D16F08CC04FEEADF96FE5E5587" box="[258,391,1447,1471]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" unit="mm" value="100.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="80.0">80-120 mm</quantity>
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total length, with a large, conical head. Eyes are large and the mouth is sub-terminal. The dorsal fin has 7–9 rays (average 8) and the anal fin has 6–9 rays (average 8). Most pharyngeal teeth (0,5—4,0) have curved tips which overhang slightly. Scales are small, numbering 47–63 (average 54) along the lateral line. Fish appear darker on the upper half while the lower half is much lighter. Northern Coastal Roach differ from Gualala Roach in having fewer anal rays (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F08CC04FDE7DC07FD775676" author="Hopkirk, J. D." box="[527,686,1590,1615]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref13678" refString="Hopkirk, J. D. (1973) Endemism in fishes of the Clear Lake region of central California. University of California Publications in Zoology, 96, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1973">Hopkirk 1973</bibRefCitation>
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) and one less row of scales above the lateral line (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F08CC04FB09DC07FAAC5676" author="Snyder, J. O." box="[1249,1397,1590,1615]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="49 - 72" refId="ref15647" refString="Snyder, J. O. (1913) The fishes of the streams tributary to Monterey Bay, California. Bulletin, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 32, 49 - 72." type="journal article" year="1913">Snyder 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3328CBF6F08CC04FF2FDC6BFE8C5756" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="8B97DF346F08CC04FF2FDC6BFA9E56E6" blockId="10.[151,1437,978,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FF2FDC6BFE80564A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1626,1651]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Distribution</emphasis>
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. Northern Coastal Roach are generally restricted to the Navarro River and Russian River basins. There are no records of Roach being found in watersheds between these basins. The exact distribution within the two watersheds is poorly documented but they appear to be present wherever water quality is suitable and alien predators are absent. The introduced population in the Eel River constitutes a major range expansion north.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B97DF346F08CC04FF2FDCDBFE8C5756" blockId="10.[151,1437,978,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FF2FDCDBFED6573A" bold="true" box="[199,271,1770,1795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Status</emphasis>
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. Because this subspecies is restricted to just two watersheds in its native range, it is highly subject to localized effects of farming, ranching, water diversions, dams, and other perturbations. However there are no reports of dwindling numbers in these systems, suggesting that, for now, populations of this subspecies are relatively robust.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3328CBF6F08CC05FF2FDD4BFF2352BD" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97DF346F08CC05FF2FDD4BFC2351B1" blockId="10.[151,1437,978,2011]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
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<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FF2FDD4BFE1457AA" bold="true" box="[199,461,1914,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">Russian River Roach.</emphasis>
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The Russian River Roach was originally described as a population of
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<taxonomicName id="4C28A4B76F08CC04FB1BDD4AFAAE57AB" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1913" box="[1267,1399,1915,1938]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Hesperoleucus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC04FB1BDD4AFAAE57AB" box="[1267,1399,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">H. venustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F08CC04FF7FDDAFFEE4578E" author="Snyder, J. O." box="[151,317,1950,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="231" pagination="49 - 72" refId="ref15647" refString="Snyder, J. O. (1913) The fishes of the streams tributary to Monterey Bay, California. Bulletin, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 32, 49 - 72." type="journal article" year="1913">Snyder (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, along with populations in streams flowing intoTomales and San Francisco bays. Following the downgrading of this group to subspecies status, Russian River Roach were later lumped with Navarro Roach as
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F08CC05FA69DDF2FE9B5096" italics="true" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="232" pageId="10" pageNumber="231">
|
||
H. s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28A4B76F09CC05FF59DAA9FE9B5096" authorityName="Snyder" authorityYear="1913" box="[177,322,152,175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Hesperoleucus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="navarroensis">navarroensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FE87DAA6FDFA5089" author="Hopkirk, J. D." box="[367,547,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref13678" refString="Hopkirk, J. D. (1973) Endemism in fishes of the Clear Lake region of central California. University of California Publications in Zoology, 96, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1973">Hopkirk (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This move was confirmed genetically by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FBEFDAA6FAC15089" author="Aguilar, A. & Jones, W. J." box="[1031,1304,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="373 - 381" refId="ref12469" refString="Aguilar, A. & Jones, W. J. (2009) Nuclear and mitochondrial diversification in two native California minnows: insights into taxonomic identity and regional phylogeography. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 51, 373 - 381." type="journal article" year="2009">Aguilar & Jones (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The recent analysis by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FEF5DA8DFDE750ED" author="Baumsteiger, J. & Moyle, P. B. & Aguilar, A. & O'Rourke, S. M. & Miller, M. R." box="[285,574,188,213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="0189417" refId="ref12892" refString="Baumsteiger, J., Moyle, P. B., Aguilar, A., O'Rourke, S. M. & Miller, M. R. (2017) Genomics clarifies taxonomic boundaries in a difficult species complex. PloS One, 12 (12), e 0189417." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Baumsteiger
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FE5BDA8CFE3C50ED" box="[435,485,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found them to be part of the Northern subspecies of Coastal Roach but as a distinct population segment (DPS). Hierarchical genomic analyses revealed Eel River individuals cluster (are synonymous) with Russian River individuals in all analyses. An analysis using only fish from the two watersheds showed population structure at each of three sampling locations within the Russian River whereas within the Eel River there was no population structure among the four locations sampled. This means that the Eel River population is derived from a very recent introduction from the Russian River.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97DF346F09CC05FF2FDBA5FF2352BD" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FF2FDBA5FE885194" bold="true" box="[199,337,404,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Russian River Roach have a trim, slender body, a somewhat pointed snout, a slender caudal peduncle. The fins are somewhat longer than those of other Coastal Roach. They have 8–9 dorsal rays (average 9) and 7–9 anal rays (average 8); there are 8–11 gill rakers (average 10) and 47–60 scales in the lateral line (average 53) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FF39DBCEFEA35221" author="Hopkirk, J. D." box="[209,378,511,536]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref13678" refString="Hopkirk, J. D. (1973) Endemism in fishes of the Clear Lake region of central California. University of California Publications in Zoology, 96, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1973">Hopkirk 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Individuals rarely exceed
|
||
<quantity id="4CD072D16F09CC05FD23D831FCF6522E" box="[715,815,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 mm</quantity>
|
||
total length. Minor morphological differences were observed between Russian River and Navarro Roach by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FCE7D815FC765205" author="Snyder, J. O." box="[783,943,548,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="49 - 72" refId="ref15647" refString="Snyder, J. O. (1913) The fishes of the streams tributary to Monterey Bay, California. Bulletin, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 32, 49 - 72." type="journal article" year="1913">Snyder (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FC0ED815FB4C5205" author="Murphy, G." box="[998,1173,548,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" refId="ref14790" refString="Murphy, G. (1948) Distribution of Fariation of the Roach (Hesperoleucus) in the Coastal Region of California. M. A. Thesis, University of California, Berkeley. 55 pp." type="book" year="1948">Murphy (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Differences included a higher prevalence of individuals with 9 dorsal rays in the Russian rather than the 8 generally seen in Navarro (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6AAEA8F6F09CC05FF7FD85DFF3052BD" box="[151,233,620,645]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[147,233,499,521]" captionText="TABLE 1. Original morphometric and meristic counts for proposed taxonomy covering the five primary studies to date." pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3328CBF6F09CC05FF2FD8BEFBCC5534" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97DF346F09CC05FF2FD8BEFEC953F1" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FF2FD8BEFE805291" bold="true" box="[199,345,655,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Russian River Roach are restricted to the Russian River and its tributaries in Sonoma Co. as well as to the Eel River watershed. They are common in the middle sections of many tributary creeks, including Mark West, Santa Rosa, Maacama, Austin, and Big Sulphur and Pieta (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FC86D8E6FBE252C9" author="Moyle, P. B. & Quinones, R. M. & Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J." box="[878,1083,727,752]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" refId="ref14653" refString="Moyle, P. B., Quinones, R. M., Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J. (2015) Fish Species of Special Concern in California. 3 rd edition. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento Ca. 300 pp. https: // www. wildlife. ca. gov / Conservation / Fishes / Special-Concern" type="book" year="2015">
|
||
Moyle
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FC57D8E8FC2E52C9" box="[959,1015,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Individuals are also present in the main stem Russian River (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FE19D8CDFCDC532C" author="Pintler, H. E. & Johnson, W. C." box="[497,773,764,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="91 - 124" refId="ref14979" refString="Pintler, H. E. & Johnson, W. C. (1958) Chemical control of rough fish in the Russian River drainage, California. California Fish and Game, 44, 91 - 124." type="journal article" year="1958">Pintler & Johnson 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FCFBD8CDFC4C532C" author="Cook, D." box="[787,917,764,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" refId="ref13129" refString="Cook, D. (2005) Chinook Salmon Spawning Study, Russian River, Fall 2002 - 2004. File Report. Sonoma County Water Agency, Santa Rosa, CA. 20 pp." type="book" year="2005">Cook 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). They become increasingly rare in the lower sections of the main river, where their downstream limit appears to be Duncan’s Mill, just above the main estuary (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FF76D975FEAC5364" author="Moyle, P. B. & Quinones, R. M. & Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J." box="[158,373,836,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" refId="ref14653" refString="Moyle, P. B., Quinones, R. M., Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J. (2015) Fish Species of Special Concern in California. 3 rd edition. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento Ca. 300 pp. https: // www. wildlife. ca. gov / Conservation / Fishes / Special-Concern" type="book" year="2015">
|
||
Moyle
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FF1BD974FEF75365" box="[243,302,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FDE8D975FCD85365" author="Goodwin, P. & Cuffe, C. K. & Nielsen, J. L. & Light, T." box="[512,769,836,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" refId="ref13524" refString="Goodwin, P., Cuffe, C. K., Nielsen, J. L. & Light, T. (1993) Russian River Estuary Study, 1992 - 1993. Department of Planning, Sonoma County, California, U. S. A. 186 pp." type="book" year="1993">
|
||
Goodwin
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FD9AD974FD745365" box="[626,685,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1993)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found that Roach seemed to move down into the estuary during the summer and return upstream in the fall. Within the Eel River watershed, fish are widespread and abundant, with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FEB9D9BCFDA9539D" author="Brown, L. R. & Moyle, P. B." box="[337,624,908,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="271 - 291" refId="ref12991" refString="Brown, L. R. & Moyle, P. B. (1997). Invading species in the Eel River, California: successes, failures, and relationships with resident species. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 49, 271 - 291." type="journal article" year="1997">Brown & Moyle (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
finding individuals at 230 of 412 (56%) sampling locations in the watershed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97DF346F09CC05FF2FD9E5FBCC5534" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FF2FD9E5FED653D4" bold="true" box="[199,271,980,1005]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Status</emphasis>
|
||
. Little is known of Russian River Roach abundance trends in their native habitat because few recent, systematic surveys have been conducted in tributary streams where they are most abundant. In the Russian River, gradual loss of tributary populations through dewatering and other factors, combined with mainstem river changes that reduce connectivity among tributaries may limit distribution and reduce abundance. The DPS is currently listed as a state Species of Special Concern (IUCN, Near-threatened) because of a limited distribution, the presence of dams and diversions in the Russian River watershed, and a poorly understood status (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FB66DEB6FABB5499" author="Moyle, P. B. & Quinones, R. M. & Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J." box="[1166,1378,1159,1184]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" refId="ref14653" refString="Moyle, P. B., Quinones, R. M., Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J. (2015) Fish Species of Special Concern in California. 3 rd edition. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento Ca. 300 pp. https: // www. wildlife. ca. gov / Conservation / Fishes / Special-Concern" type="book" year="2015">
|
||
Moyle
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FB0ADEB8FAC55499" box="[1250,1308,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Eel River fish were not included in the designation. The increasingly stressful conditions in the Russian River and its tributaries led
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FED0DEFEFDCB54D1" author="Moyle, P. B. & Kiernan, J. D. & Crain, P. K. & Quinones, R. M." box="[312,530,1231,1256]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="63883" refId="ref14451" refString="Moyle, P. B., Kiernan, J. D., Crain, P. K. & Quinones, R. M. (2013) Climate change vulnerability of native and alien freshwater fishes of California: a systematic assessment approach. PLoS One, 8 (5), e 63883." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Moyle
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FE60DEE0FE1854D1" box="[392,449,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to rate the Russian River Roach as “highly vulnerable” to extinction in its native range as the result habitat loss due to climate change, if present trends continue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3328CBF6F09CC05FF2FDF26FDA65775" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97DF346F09CC05FF2FDF26FC6155A4" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FF2FDF26FE5B5509" bold="true" box="[199,386,1303,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Navarro Roach</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FE7CDF26FD9F5509" author="Hopkirk, J. D." box="[404,582,1303,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref13678" refString="Hopkirk, J. D. (1973) Endemism in fishes of the Clear Lake region of central California. University of California Publications in Zoology, 96, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1973">Hopkirk (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was the first to suggest that the original species/subspecies described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FF7FDF0DFEE3556D" author="Snyder, J. O." box="[151,314,1340,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="49 - 72" refId="ref15647" refString="Snyder, J. O. (1913) The fishes of the streams tributary to Monterey Bay, California. Bulletin, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 32, 49 - 72." type="journal article" year="1913">Snyder (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
should include Russian River individuals.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FCC3DF0DFBE2556D" author="Aguilar, A. & Jones, W. J." box="[811,1083,1340,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="373 - 381" refId="ref12469" refString="Aguilar, A. & Jones, W. J. (2009) Nuclear and mitochondrial diversification in two native California minnows: insights into taxonomic identity and regional phylogeography. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 51, 373 - 381." type="journal article" year="2009">Aguilar & Jones (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FB9EDF0DFA45556D" author="Baumsteiger, J. & Moyle, P. B. & Aguilar, A. & O'Rourke, S. M. & Miller, M. R." box="[1142,1436,1340,1365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="0189417" refId="ref12892" refString="Baumsteiger, J., Moyle, P. B., Aguilar, A., O'Rourke, S. M. & Miller, M. R. (2017) Genomics clarifies taxonomic boundaries in a difficult species complex. PloS One, 12 (12), e 0189417." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Baumsteiger
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FAE5DF0CFA9E556D" box="[1293,1351,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
later found genetic distinctiveness between individuals from the Navarro and Russian rivers, prompting their recognition as distinct population segments of Northern Coastal Roach.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97DF346F09CC05FF2FDF96FDA65775" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FF2FDF96FE8855F9" bold="true" box="[199,337,1447,1472]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Like other Coastal Roach, Navarro Roach are small, stout-bodied cyprinids with a narrow caudal peduncle, deeply forked tail, short snout, and small, rounded paired fins. They are typically less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CD072D16F09CC05FAEEDFFDFABD55DD" box="[1286,1380,1484,1508]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
|
||
total length. The head is large and conical, the eyes large and the mouth is sub-terminal and slants downward. The dorsal fin is short (7–9 rays; average 8) and is positioned behind the insertion point of the pelvic fin. The anal fin has between 6–9 rays. Pharyngeal teeth (0,5–4,0) have curved tips which overhang grinding surfaces of moderate size. Scales are small, numbering 47–63 along the lateral line and 32–38 before the dorsal fin. Individuals are usually dark on the upper half of their bodies, ranging from a shadowy gray to a steel blue, while the lower half is much lighter, usually a dull white/silver color.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FD72DC95FC9F5685" author="Snyder, J. O." box="[666,838,1700,1725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" pagination="49 - 72" refId="ref15647" refString="Snyder, J. O. (1913) The fishes of the streams tributary to Monterey Bay, California. Bulletin, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 32, 49 - 72." type="journal article" year="1913">Snyder (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described them as having a light lateral stripe approximately two scales wide extending from upper edge of the gill opening to the base of tail and entirely above the lateral line. Below this line is a somewhat wider dark stripe and then several narrower and very distinct dark stripes which grow lighter ventrally. As mentioned previously, small morphological differences are found between Russian and Navarro populations (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6AAEA8F6F09CC05FDF2DD05FDB45775" box="[538,621,1844,1869]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[147,233,499,521]" captionText="TABLE 1. Original morphometric and meristic counts for proposed taxonomy covering the five primary studies to date." pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3328CBF6F09CC02FF2FDD66FF3251B2" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97DF346F09CC05FF2FDD66FDFB5781" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FF2FDD66FE805749" bold="true" box="[199,345,1879,1904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Navarro Roach are confined to the Navarro River and its tributaries within Mendocino Co. (including Greenwood Creek) but are widely distributed within the watershed, from the mouth throughout the river and its tributaries (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F09CC05FE80DD91FDCF5781" author="Feliciano, J. B." box="[360,534,1952,1977]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232" refId="ref13318" refString="Feliciano, J. B. (2004) A Study of the Salmonid Populations in the Navarro River Watershed: Tracking Declines and Tools for Monitoring. Ph. D. Dissertation, University of California, Davis. 80 pp." type="book" year="2004">Feliciano 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97DF346F09CC02FF2FDDF5FF3251B2" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,395]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F09CC05FF2FDDF5FED657E4" bold="true" box="[199,271,1988,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="232">Status</emphasis>
|
||
. The Navarro Roach, through its original lumping with CA Roach, was a state Species of Special Concern with an IUCN status of Near-threatened (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F0ECC02FD2EDAA6FC4B5089" author="Moyle, P. B. & Quinones, R. M. & Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J." box="[710,914,151,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="233" refId="ref14653" refString="Moyle, P. B., Quinones, R. M., Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J. (2015) Fish Species of Special Concern in California. 3 rd edition. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento Ca. 300 pp. https: // www. wildlife. ca. gov / Conservation / Fishes / Special-Concern" type="book" year="2015">
|
||
Moyle
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F0ECC02FCFFDAA8FC965089" box="[791,847,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However with its new taxonomic status, a reevaluation will eventually be necessary, despite being widespread and abundant within its limited range. Most of the Navarro River watershed was logged and converted to orchards and vineyards in the 20
|
||
<superScript id="7C5D727C6F0ECC02FB32DAEEFB3F50D4" attach="left" box="[1242,1254,223,237]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="233">th</superScript>
|
||
century. While removal of big trees created more of the warm-water habitat preferred by Navarro Roach, diversion of water has greatly reduced flows, presumably countering the effects of tree removal. Because of these factors,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F0ECC02FAF8DB1BFF02515E" author="Moyle, P. B. & Kiernan, J. D. & Crain, P. K. & Quinones, R. M." pageId="12" pageNumber="233" pagination="63883" refId="ref14451" refString="Moyle, P. B., Kiernan, J. D., Crain, P. K. & Quinones, R. M. (2013) Climate change vulnerability of native and alien freshwater fishes of California: a systematic assessment approach. PLoS One, 8 (5), e 63883." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Moyle
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C03266F0ECC02FA8ADB1AFA45517A" box="[1378,1436,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB9A2C56F0ECC02FF03DB7FFEFC515E" author="Moyle, P. B. & Quinones, R. M. & Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J." box="[235,293,334,359]" pageId="12" pageNumber="233" refId="ref14653" refString="Moyle, P. B., Quinones, R. M., Katz, J. V. E. & Weaver, J. (2015) Fish Species of Special Concern in California. 3 rd edition. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento Ca. 300 pp. https: // www. wildlife. ca. gov / Conservation / Fishes / Special-Concern" type="book" year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) considered it highly vulnerable to extinction in the next century from climate change and other factors.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |