563 lines
77 KiB
XML
563 lines
77 KiB
XML
<document id="7552485F5AD583C2EF949692A782D296" ID-CLB-Dataset="26711" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4609.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e92bcf89-527e-4af1-910c-33308a67da07" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3187611" ID-ZooBank="94C0C804-603D-4C62-A841-D22BB040BB66" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1558593900661" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Arias, Erick, Chaves, Gerardo, Salazar, Stanley, Salazar-Zúñiga, José Andrés & García-Rodríguez, Adrián" docDate="2019" docId="03C987EDFF91FFC00DC276BCFEEFFC45" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4609.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4609 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Diasporus amirae Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="280" masterDocId="FFF0FF95FF99FFCB0D557625FF87FFC6" masterDocTitle="A new species of dink frog, genus Diasporus (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae), from the Caribbean foothills of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="288" masterPageNumber="269" pageNumber="277" updateTime="1698731822840" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D66BC992C2E2E88CD30E3A1087467A97">A new species of dink frog, genus Diasporus (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae), from the Caribbean foothills of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E8FB9AA9605C5895610BF348023CF41E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="91E609D44D04FC61FCC8E59A40DA089E">Arias, Erick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A690909998F89349AEC9693F5F320661">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A24209379C6EC024B210AFF18C865D89">Chaves, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0BEFAB0CDB987883FC2A7885C2455A54">Salazar, Stanley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3527439FA21CDC859DF22676C3BA94DF">Salazar-Zúñiga, José Andrés</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9214A21135F4F74218A52E9ED70762C3">García-Rodríguez, Adrián</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="ADFFB33EF1B3CA94DDAC428DF6ABB520">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5F78E9E9104BAEE4A6237A69F8D0312C">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="11753D9E4FC132C52D65A88F16574573">2019-05-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7BC180B83B66EF86BDE38FD24C429CB5">4609</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C987EDFF91FFC00DC276BCFEEFFC45" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157251165" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987EDFF91FFC00DC276BCFEEFFC45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987EDFF91FFC00DC276BCFEEFFC45" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
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<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30DC276BCFE53FF72" bold="true" box="[151,468,153,180]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30DC276BCFEE8FF75" ID-CoL="6D2W2" authority="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez, 2019" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,367,153,179]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30DC276BCFEE8FF75" bold="true" box="[151,367,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus amirae</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2275792FF91FFC30C2376BFFE53FF72" box="[374,468,154,180]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF91FFC30DC27698FEE7FF11" blockId="8.[151,967,153,290]" box="[151,352,189,215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Amira’s dink frog</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A6570FF91FFC30DC276C4FC40FEE4" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF91FFC30DC276C4FEA8FF3A" blockId="8.[151,967,153,290]" box="[151,303,225,252]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF91FFC30DCA76C4FEA0FF3A" box="[159,295,225,252]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1714,1739]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1418,1443]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,1324,1702]" captionTargetBox-1="[152,1435,954,1405]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[151,1435,1324,1702]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[151,1436,953,1406]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Color in life view of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. A) Dorsum and B) venter in nighttime coloration, and C) dorsum in daytime coloration. Photos A–B by S. Salazar and C by J. A. Salazar-Zúñiga." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. A) Dorsum, B) venter, C) right hand, and D) right foot of the holotype (UCR 21843) of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. Photos by E. Arias." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3187619/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3187621/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Figures 5–6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF91FFC30DC27723FC40FEE4" blockId="8.[151,967,153,290]" box="[151,967,262,290]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
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urn:lsid:zooBAnk.org:Act:
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<uuid id="FFC60C2EFF91FFC30CE17723FC40FEE4" box="[436,967,262,290]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">4C5AE14B-3B6C-4846-946C-CC6BB15FF42</uuid>
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<subSubSection id="C37A6570FF91FFC30DC27775FCACFDA0" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF91FFC30DC27775FB5EFE74" blockId="8.[151,1437,336,2019]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
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<materialsCitation id="3B083CA6FF91FFC30DC27775FB5EFE74" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2243142973" collectingDate="2013-03-08" collectorName="de Matama & de Talamanca & Gerardo Chaves & Adrian Garcia-Rodriguez & Stanley Salazar & Gilbert Alvarado" country="Costa Rica" county="Canton" elevation="1000" location="Cerro Platano" municipality="Distrito de Matama" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limon" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30DC27775FE8CFEAC" bold="true" box="[151,267,336,362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
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<typeStatus id="54DB8859FF91FFC30DC27775FE81FEAC" box="[151,262,336,362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</emphasis>
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||
UCR 21843, an adult male from
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<collectingCountry id="F377766BFF91FFC30F2E7775FD7EFEAC" box="[635,761,336,362]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49A4F819FF91FFC30E577775FC64FEAC" box="[770,995,336,362]" country="Costa Rica" name="Limon" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Provincia de Limón</collectingRegion>
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||
:
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||
<collectingCounty id="62BE4E77FF91FFC30EB87775FBB9FEAC" box="[1005,1086,336,362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Cantón</collectingCounty>
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||
de
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||
<collectingRegion id="49A4F819FF91FFC309317775FB34FEAC" box="[1124,1203,336,362]" country="Costa Rica" name="Limon" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Limón</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BBBAC81FF91FFC309E87775FA1EFEAC" box="[1213,1433,336,362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
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||
Distrito
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<collectorName id="2695532DFF91FFC3084D7775FA1EFEAC" box="[1304,1433,336,362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">de Matama</collectorName>
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</collectingMunicipality>
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||
:
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||
<location id="8EBF6020FF91FFC30DC27751FEB5FE48" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987EDFF91FFC00DC276BCFEEFFC45:8EBF6020FF91FFC30DC27751FEB5FE48" box="[151,306,372,398]" country="Costa Rica" county="Canton" municipality="Distrito de Matama" name="Cerro Platano" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" stateProvince="Limon">Cerro Plátano</location>
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(9.870º, -83.240º;
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||
<elevation id="004DD1C8FF91FFC30F507751FD14FE49" box="[517,659,372,399]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" unit="m" value="1000.0">
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<quantity id="4C989B1EFF91FFC30F507751FDDDFE48" box="[517,602,372,398]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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||
) in the northeastern of the
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<location id="8EBF6020FF91FFC30E967751FB5EFE48" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987EDFF91FFC00DC276BCFEEFFC45:8EBF6020FF91FFC30E967751FB5EFE48" box="[963,1241,372,398]" country="Costa Rica" county="Canton" municipality="Distrito de Matama" name="Cordillera de Talamanca" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" stateProvince="Limon">
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||
Cordillera
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<collectorName id="2695532DFF91FFC3096E7751FB5EFE48" box="[1083,1241,372,398]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">de Talamanca</collectorName>
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</location>
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; collected by
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<collectorName id="2695532DFF91FFC308277751FEA9FE74" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Gerardo Chaves</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="2695532DFF91FFC30C6D77BDFDDEFE74" box="[312,601,408,434]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Adrián García-Rodríguez</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="2695532DFF91FFC30F3677BDFC95FE74" box="[611,786,408,434]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Stanley Salazar</collectorName>
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, and
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<collectorName id="2695532DFF91FFC30E1877BDFB8DFE74" box="[845,1034,408,434]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Gilbert Alvarado</collectorName>
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on
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<date id="FFDE103BFF91FFC3096177BDFB52FE74" box="[1076,1237,408,434]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" value="2013-03-08">
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||
<collectingDate id="EF9AE9D3FF91FFC3096177BDFB52FE74" box="[1076,1237,408,434]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" value="2013-03-08">8 March 2013</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF91FFC30D927799FCACFDA0" blockId="8.[151,1437,336,2019]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
|
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<materialsCitation id="3B083CA6FF91FFC30D927799FC1FFE10" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2243142972" box="[199,920,444,470]" collectingDate="2013-03-08" collectorName="de Matama & de Talamanca & Gerardo Chaves & Adrian Garcia-Rodriguez & Stanley Salazar & Gilbert Alvarado" country="Costa Rica" county="Canton" elevation="1000" location="Cerro Platano" municipality="Distrito de Matama" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limon" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30D927799FEC1FE10" bold="true" box="[199,326,444,470]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB8859FF91FFC30D927799FEC6FE10" box="[199,321,444,470]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</emphasis>
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||
UCR 21842, adult male, same data as the holotype
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
. UCR 22010–2, adult males, from of Plátano peak, near of type locality (9.869º, -83.241º;
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF91FFC30FF777C5FD7EFE3C" box="[674,761,480,506]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.121" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" unit="m" value="1121.0">1121 m</quantity>
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||
a.s.l.), collected by Gerardo Chaves, José Andrés Salazar- Zúñiga, Julissa Gutiérrez, Diego Salas, and Ruperto Madrigal on
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||
<date id="FFDE103BFF91FFC30E2D7421FBCFFDD8" box="[888,1096,516,542]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" value="2013-09-06">6 September 2013</date>
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||
. UCR 22554, adult male from Plátano peak, near of type locality (9.863º, -83.236º;
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF91FFC30E56740DFCDCFD84" box="[771,859,552,578]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.), collected by Gerardo Chaves, José Andrés Salazar-Zúñiga, and Juan Ignacio Abarca on
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||
<date id="FFDE103BFF91FFC30FDB7469FCA0FDA0" box="[654,807,587,614]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" value="2015-06-18">18 June 2015</date>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A6570FF91FFC30D92744AFB3FFD68" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF91FFC30D92744AFB3FFD68" blockId="8.[151,1437,336,2019]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30D92744AFE28FD4C" bold="true" box="[199,431,623,650]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Generic placement.</emphasis>
|
||
This small species is assigned to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30ECE7454FB97FD4C" box="[923,1040,625,650]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30ECE7454FB97FD4C" box="[923,1040,625,650]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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based on its phylogenetic position, its characteristic “dink” call and the presence of palmate disc covers on some fingers and toes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A6570FF91FFC20D927492FC11FC0A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="278" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF91FFC30D927492FC58FA00" blockId="8.[151,1437,336,2019]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30D927492FEC5FD14" bold="true" box="[199,322,695,722]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A small species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30FFD749CFC9AFD14" box="[680,797,697,722]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30FFD749CFC9AFD14" box="[680,797,697,722]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the following characteristics: (1) skin on dorsum smooth to having scattered tubercles; head having scattered tubercles; venter smooth in the midline but weakly areolate in the transition to flanks; flanks weakly areolate to granular; posterior surface of hind limbs surrounding cloaca strongly areolate; without dorsolateral, lateral, discoidal or supratympanic folds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF91FFC309F87501FB74FCF8" box="[1197,1267,803,830]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1714,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1324,1702]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,1324,1702]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Color in life view of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. A) Dorsum and B) venter in nighttime coloration, and C) dorsum in daytime coloration. Photos A–B by S. Salazar and C by J. A. Salazar-Zúñiga." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187619/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
); (2) tympanic membrane round, small, and indistinct; annulus partially evident through the skin; (TY/ED = 18.5–41.9 %); (3) snout subovoid in dorsal view, rounded in profile; loreal region concave; canthus rostralis usually rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF91FFC3083A7549FF20FC6D" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1418,1443]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,954,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,953,1406]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. A) Dorsum, B) venter, C) right hand, and D) right foot of the holotype (UCR 21843) of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. Photos by E. Arias." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187621/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
); (4) eyelid areolate (EW/IOD = 57.7–65.2 %); cranial crests absent (5) vomerine teeth on oblique odontophores, barely distinct; (6) vocal slits large in adult males; single external subgular vocal sac present; nuptial pads absent; (7) Finger II larger than Finger I; discs and terminal transverse grooves present on all the fingers; tips symmetric, disc covers palmate on Finger III, sometimes also on fingers II and IV, others fingers with disc covers rounded; pads usually broadened, sometimes triangular on Finger III (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF91FFC30E477205FCE1FBFD" box="[786,870,1056,1083]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1418,1443]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,954,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,953,1406]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. A) Dorsum, B) venter, C) right hand, and D) right foot of the holotype (UCR 21843) of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. Photos by E. Arias." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187621/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
|
||
); (8) fingers lack lateral fringes; webbing absent; thenar tubercle elongate, palmar rounded, thenar and palmar tubercles flattened and similar in size; supernumerary and accessory palmar tubercles absent; subarticular tubercles round in basal outline, flatted in form and globular in profile; (9) ulnar tubercle and fold absent; (10) heel smooth; inner tarsal folds absent; (11) toes lack lateral fringes; inner metatarsal tubercle elongate, outer rounded, much smaller than inner, inner and outer metatarsal tubercles projecting; supernumerary tubercles and plantar absent; subarticular tubercles ovoid in basal outline, flatted in form and globular in profile; (12) Toe V larger than Toe III; discs and terminal transverse grooves present on all the toes; tips symmetrical, disc covers palmate on Toe IV, sometimes also on toes III and V, others toes with disc covers rounded; pads broadened; webbing absent; (13) dorsum brown with a black spots or brown-grayish with several black spots, almost uniform; venter pale gray-bluish with pale blotches forming a pattern of pale gray blotches; throat uniform dark gray-bluish; forelimbs and hind limbs with dark bars; some specimens with a dark supratympanic stripe; mask, occipital, labial, or lateral marks absent; (14) SVL in males 18.0–23.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF91FFC20D9273EAFC11FC0A" blockId="8.[151,1437,336,2019]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,153,1259]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="278" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30D9273EAFDCDFA2C" bold="true" box="[199,586,1487,1514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Comparisons with other species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30F0773F4FC9AFA2C" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[594,797,1489,1514]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30F0773F4FC9AFA2C" box="[594,797,1489,1514]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC3093973F4FB66FA2C" box="[1132,1249,1489,1514]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC3093973F4FB66FA2C" box="[1132,1249,1489,1514]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the following characters (condition for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30CE273D0FDADF9C8" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[439,554,1525,1550]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30CE273D0FDADF9C8" box="[439,554,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">D. amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in parentheses).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30FB873D0FBECF9C8" authority="(Lynch, 2001)" authorityName="Lynch" authorityYear="2001" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[749,1131,1524,1550]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anthrax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30FB873D0FC45F9C8" box="[749,962,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus anthrax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF91FFC30E8773D1FBE5F9C8" author="Lynch, J. D." box="[978,1122,1524,1550]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" pagination="287 - 297" refId="ref11025" refString="Lynch, J. D. (2001) Three new rainfrogs Eleutherodactylus diastema group Colombia and Panama. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, 25, 287 - 297." type="journal article" year="2001">Lynch, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC3085173D0FAF0F9C8" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[1284,1399,1525,1550]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC3085173D0FAF0F9C8" box="[1284,1399,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">D. amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having red blotches on the surfaces of limbs (limbs brown-grayish to gray-blackish with black stripes).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC3087D703CFD8CF990" authority="Hertz et al., 2012" authorityName="Hertz" authorityYear="2012" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="citrinobapheus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC3087D703CFEB8F990" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus citrinobapheus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF91FFC30C127019FD8CF990" author="Hertz, A. & Hauenschild, F. & Lotzkat, S. & Kohler, G." box="[327,523,1596,1622]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" pagination="23 - 46" refId="ref10511" refString="Hertz, A., Hauenschild, F., Lotzkat, S. & Kohler, G. (2012) A new golden frog species of the genus Diasporus (Amphibia, Eleutherodactylidae) from the Cordillera Central, western Panama. ZooKeys, 196, 23 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 196.2774" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Hertz
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30CD97018FE39F990" box="[396,446,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a yellow to bright orange dorsum and translucent venter with white mottling (dorsum brown to brown-grayish and venter gray-bluish with pale blotches).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC309547044FF48F958" authority="Batista et al., 2016" authorityName="Batista" authorityYear="2016" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darienensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC309547044FB79F9BC" box="[1025,1278,1632,1658]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus darienensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF91FFC308527045FF48F958" author="Batista, A. & Kohler, G. & Mebert, K. & Hertz, A. & Vesely, M." pageId="8" pageNumber="277" pagination="267 - 311" refId="ref9488" refString="Batista, A., Kohler, G., Mebert, K., Hertz, A. & Vesely, M. (2016) An integrative approach to reveal speciation and species richness in the genus Diasporus (Amphibia: Anura: Eleutherodactylidae) in eastern Panama. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 178, 267 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12411" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Batista
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC308097044FA09F9BC" box="[1372,1422,1632,1658]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
usually has a slightly enlarged conical supraocular tubercle (eyelid areolate but never with a conical supraocular tubercle), a brown to reddish dorsum, usually with a pair of red or pale dorsolateral lines (dorsum brown to brown-grayish uniform never with dorsolateral lines).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30E4A70E8FB18F920" authority="(Cope, 1875)" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1875" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[799,1183,1739,1766]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diastema">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30E4A70E8FB86F920" box="[799,1025,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus diastema</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF91FFC3094770E9FB10F920" author="Cope, E. D." box="[1042,1175,1739,1766]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" pagination="93 - 157" refId="ref9893" refString="Cope, E. D. (1875) On the Batrachia and Reptilia of Costa Rica. Journal Academy of Natural Sciences, 2, 93 - 157." type="journal article" year="1875">Cope, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a pale gray to tan dorsum and yellow venter and groin, usually with a pair of light dorsolateral stripes extends from the shoulders to the pelvis (dorsum brown to brown-grayish and venter and groin gray-bluish with pale blotches, without a pair of dorsolateral stripes).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30CD2711CFCABF894" authority="(Boulenger, 1898)" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1898" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[391,812,1848,1874]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30CD2711CFDD3F894" box="[391,596,1848,1874]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus gularis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF91FFC30F30711DFCA3F894" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[613,804,1848,1874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" pagination="107 - 126" refId="ref9605" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1898) An account of the reptiles and batrachians collected by Mr. W. F. H. Rosenberg in Western Ecuador. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1898, 107 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1898. tb 03134. x" type="journal article" year="1898">Boulenger, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a pale brown dorsum, cream venter, and a yellow groin, and usually shows a significant amount of red in its color pattern (dorsum brown to brown-grayish and venter and groin gray-bluish with pale blotches, without red in its color pattern), usually with a dark bar between the eyes (without a dark bar between the eyes).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30FD57180FB9EF878" authority="(Cope, 1875)" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1875" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[640,1049,1955,1982]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hylaeformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30FD57180FCF8F878" box="[640,895,1956,1982]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus hylaeformis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF91FFC30EDB7181FB96F878" author="Cope, E. D." box="[910,1041,1955,1982]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" pagination="93 - 157" refId="ref9893" refString="Cope, E. D. (1875) On the Batrachia and Reptilia of Costa Rica. Journal Academy of Natural Sciences, 2, 93 - 157." type="journal article" year="1875">Cope, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a pale yellow to orange venter and groin (venter and groin gray-bluish with pale blotches).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF91FFC30E1171ECFBE7F824" authority="Batista" authorityName="Batista" box="[836,1120,1992,2018]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="igneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC30E1171ECFB8DF824" box="[836,1034,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Diasporus igneus</emphasis>
|
||
Batista
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF91FFC3093D71ECFB2DF824" box="[1128,1194,1992,2018]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">at al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2012 shows rounded scattered tubercles in the dorsum (dorsum smooth to scattered tubercles), an enlarged and conical supraocular tubercle (eyelid areolate but never with a conical supraocular tubercle), yellow to orange reticulations in the dorsum and a yellow venter (dorsal coloration brown to brown-grayish without light reticulations, venter nearly uniform, gray with dark brown pigment).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20F587723FC5DFED9" authority="Batista et al., 2016" authorityName="Batista" authorityYear="2016" box="[525,986,261,287]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="majeensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20F587723FD7FFED9" box="[525,760,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Diasporus majeensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF90FFC20E577720FC5DFED9" author="Batista, A. & Kohler, G. & Mebert, K. & Hertz, A. & Vesely, M." box="[770,986,261,287]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" pagination="267 - 311" refId="ref9488" refString="Batista, A., Kohler, G., Mebert, K., Hertz, A. & Vesely, M. (2016) An integrative approach to reveal speciation and species richness in the genus Diasporus (Amphibia: Anura: Eleutherodactylidae) in eastern Panama. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 178, 267 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12411" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Batista
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20E0D7723FC1EFED9" box="[856,921,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has smooth dorsal skin with small-dispersed tubercles (dorsum smooth to areolate), dorsum brown to reddish and venter translucent (dorsum brown to brown-grayish and venter gray-bluish with pale blotches).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20E60776BFB73FEA1" authority="Batista et al., 2016" authorityName="Batista" authorityYear="2016" box="[821,1268,333,359]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pequeno">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20E60776BFB95FEA1" box="[821,1042,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Diasporus pequeno</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF90FFC2094E7768FB73FEA1" author="Batista, A. & Kohler, G. & Mebert, K. & Hertz, A. & Vesely, M." box="[1051,1268,333,359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" pagination="267 - 311" refId="ref9488" refString="Batista, A., Kohler, G., Mebert, K., Hertz, A. & Vesely, M. (2016) An integrative approach to reveal speciation and species richness in the genus Diasporus (Amphibia: Anura: Eleutherodactylidae) in eastern Panama. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 178, 267 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12411" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Batista
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20927776BFB34FEA1" box="[1138,1203,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a rounded supraocular tubercle (eyelid areolate but never with a conical supraocular tubercle), ungual flap lanceolate to papillate (ungual flap palmate to rounded), dorsum brown to cream, with dark reticulations, venter translucent (dorsum brown to brown-grayish and venter and groin gray-bluish with pale blotches).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20945779FFA1BFE15" authority="(Lynch, 2001)" authorityName="Lynch" authorityYear="2001" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1040,1436,441,467]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quidditus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20945779FFB73FE15" box="[1040,1268,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Diasporus quidditus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF90FFC20851779CFA13FE15" author="Lynch, J. D." box="[1284,1428,441,467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" pagination="287 - 297" refId="ref11025" refString="Lynch, J. D. (2001) Three new rainfrogs Eleutherodactylus diastema group Colombia and Panama. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, 25, 287 - 297." type="journal article" year="2001">Lynch, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20D9C77FBFE5FFE31" authority="(Lynch, 2001)" authorityName="Lynch" authorityYear="2001" baseAuthorityName="Lynch" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[201,472,477,503]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinker">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20D9C77FBFEA9FE31" box="[201,302,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">D. tinker</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF90FFC20C6A77F8FE48FE31" author="Lynch, J. D." box="[319,463,477,503]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" pagination="287 - 297" refId="ref11025" refString="Lynch, J. D. (2001) Three new rainfrogs Eleutherodactylus diastema group Colombia and Panama. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, 25, 287 - 297." type="journal article" year="2001">Lynch, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the ungual flap lanceolate to papillate on fingers II-III (ungual flap palmate to rounded), dorsum gray to brown and venter brown to orange (dorsum brown to brown-grayish and venter and groin gray-bluish with pale blotches).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20F577403FC08FDF9" authority="Batista et al., 2016" authorityName="Batista" authorityYear="2016" box="[514,911,549,575]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sapo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20F577403FD34FDF9" box="[514,691,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Diasporus sapo</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF90FFC20FEE7400FC08FDF9" author="Batista, A. & Kohler, G. & Mebert, K. & Hertz, A. & Vesely, M." box="[699,911,549,575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" pagination="267 - 311" refId="ref9488" refString="Batista, A., Kohler, G., Mebert, K., Hertz, A. & Vesely, M. (2016) An integrative approach to reveal speciation and species richness in the genus Diasporus (Amphibia: Anura: Eleutherodactylidae) in eastern Panama. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 178, 267 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12411" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Batista
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20E457403FCC6FDF9" box="[784,833,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has snout rounded in dorsal view (snout subovoid in dorsal view), dorsal skin slightly tuberculate (dorsum smooth to scattered tubercles), dorsum reddish and venter translucent (dorsum brown to brown-grayish and venter gray-bluish with pale blotches).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20987744BFEC7FD6D" authority="(Savage, 1997)" authorityName="Savage" authorityYear="1997" baseAuthorityName="Savage" baseAuthorityYear="1997" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrillo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20987744BFA1BFD41" box="[1234,1436,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Diasporus tigrillo</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF90FFC20DCA74B4FEB0FD6D" author="Savage, J. M." box="[159,311,657,683]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" pagination="241 - 247" refId="ref11755" refString="Savage, J. M. (1997) A new species of rainfrog of the Eleutherodactylus diastema group from the Alta Talamanca Region of Costa Rica. Amphibia-Reptilia, 18, 241 - 247. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853897 X 00125" type="journal article" year="1997">Savage, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has dorsum with low pustules and yellow to bright orange in coloration (dorsum smooth to scattered tubercles and brown to brown-grayish in coloration), venter white (venter gray-bluish with pale blotches).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC208177493FDD4FD35" authority="Chaves et al., 2009" authorityName="Chaves" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC208177493FEF1FD35" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Diasporus ventrimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF90FFC20C2874FCFDD4FD35" author="Chaves, G. & Garcia-Rodriguez, A. & Mora, A. & Leal, A." box="[381,595,729,755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref9842" refString="Chaves, G., Garcia-Rodriguez, A., Mora, A. & Leal, A. (2009) A new species of dink frog (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Diasporus) from Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Zootaxa, 2088, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Chaves
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20C8374FFFD81FD35" box="[470,518,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has venter typically blotched and contrasting or with light to red coloration (venter gray-bluish with pale blotches, without contrasting blotches).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20ECE74DBFA96FCD1" authority="(Taylor, 1955)" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1955" baseAuthorityName="Taylor" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[923,1297,764,791]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vocator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20ECE74DBFBEBFCD1" box="[923,1132,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Diasporus vocator</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF90FFC2092C74D8FA8EFCD1" author="Taylor, E. H." box="[1145,1289,764,791]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" pagination="499 - 575" refId="ref12256" refString="Taylor, E. H. (1955) Additions to the known herpetological fauna of Costa Rica with comments on other species. No. II. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 37, 499 - 575." type="journal article" year="1955">Taylor, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20DC27507FE8DFCFD" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,266,802,827]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20DC27507FE8DFCFD" box="[151,266,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">D. amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by: a) having a dark interorbital bar with a paler area anterior to it (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF90FFC209417504FBE1FCFD" box="[1044,1126,801,827]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1742,1767]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,593,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1435,593,1730]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dorsal color in life views of Diasporus vocator from A) type locality in San Vito, Costa Rica (EAP0730), B-C) Cerro Azul, Panama (not voucher), and Diasporus sp. A from D) Santa Fe, Panama. Photo A by E. Arias, B-C by Angel Sosa, and D by Abel Batista." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187623/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Fig. 7a</figureCitation>
|
||
, [without interorbital bar]), b) its smooth head (head scattered tubercles), c) its snout pointed (snout rounded); d) its disc covers in fingers and toes oblong ending with a distinct point (disc covers in fingers and toes palmate or rounded), and e) smaller, SVL in adults
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF90FFC20DB475A8FEDDFC61" box="[225,346,909,935]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="14.0">14–18 mm</quantity>
|
||
(larger, SVL in adults
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF90FFC20F0C75A8FC87FC61" box="[601,768,909,935]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.995" metricValueMax="2.18" metricValueMin="1.81" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" unit="mm" value="19.95" valueMax="21.8" valueMin="18.1">18.1–21.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20E4675ABFC0FFC61" box="[787,904,910,935]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20E4675ABFC0FFC61" box="[787,904,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Diasporus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. A has a pale interorbital bar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF90FFC209AF75A8FACBFC61" box="[1274,1356,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1742,1767]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,593,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1435,593,1730]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dorsal color in life views of Diasporus vocator from A) type locality in San Vito, Costa Rica (EAP0730), B-C) Cerro Azul, Panama (not voucher), and Diasporus sp. A from D) Santa Fe, Panama. Photo A by E. Arias, B-C by Angel Sosa, and D by Abel Batista." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187623/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Fig. 7d</figureCitation>
|
||
, [without interorbital bar]), and its smooth head (head scattered tubercles).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A6570FF90FFC00D9275F1FC59FCFD" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF90FFC20D9275F1FACDFB2D" blockId="9.[151,1437,153,1259]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20D9275F1FE64FC29" bold="true" box="[199,483,980,1007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB8859FF90FFC20C2075F0FE59FC29" box="[373,478,981,1007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male having a SVL of
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF90FFC20E7C75F1FC0BFC29" box="[809,908,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" unit="mm" value="18.5">18.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF90FFC20ECF75F0FC59FC36" box="[922,990,981,1008]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1418,1443]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,954,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,953,1406]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. A) Dorsum, B) venter, C) right hand, and D) right foot of the holotype (UCR 21843) of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. Photos by E. Arias." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187621/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head narrow, HW 37.8 % of SVL; HL 33.5 % SVL; snout subovoid in dorsal view, rounded in profile; canthus-rostralis indistinct; loreal region slightly concave; nostrils small, directed laterally; vocal slits large, single external subgular vocal sac present; vomerine teeth barely discernable, positioned transversely in two fascicles well posterior of choanae. Eye large, diameter equal to two and half of E-N. Tympanic membrane indistinct, covered in skin; tympanic annulus weak to partially discernable below skin, small (33.3 % of ED), round. Skin on dorsum smooth, venter smooth in the midline but becomes weakly areolate towards flanks, throat and head smooth, flanks weakly areolate; without dorsolateral, lateral, discoidal, supratympanic or interocular folds; eyelid smooth; inguinal gland and postrictal tubercles absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1F6673FF90FFC20DC27097FC38F92D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187619/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" startId="9.[151,250,1714,1739]" targetBox="[151,1435,1324,1702]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF90FFC20DC27097FC38F92D" blockId="9.[151,1436,1714,1771]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20DC27097FE94F90D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1714,1739]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Color in life view of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF90FFC20CA57096FD2FF90C" authority="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez, 2019" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[496,680,1715,1738]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20CA57096FD2FF90C" box="[496,680,1715,1738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Diasporus amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20FFB7096FC91F90D" bold="true" box="[686,790,1714,1739]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2275792FF90FFC20FFB7096FD78F90D" box="[686,767,1715,1739]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) Dorsum and
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC20EFC7096FC3DF90D" bold="true" box="[937,954,1715,1739]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">B</emphasis>
|
||
) venter in nighttime coloration, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF90FFC2087A7097FAC6F90D" bold="true" box="[1327,1345,1714,1739]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">C</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsum in daytime coloration. Photos A–B by S. Salazar and C by J. A. Salazar-Zúñiga.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF90FFC20D927109FB43F83C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1836,2042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Forelimbs relatively short and slim. Fingers moderately long and robust, proximal section slightly wider than distal section; without lateral fringes; Finger II larger than Finger I. Discs and terminal transverse grooves on all the fingers; tips symmetric, disc covers on Finger I and IV round, palmate on fingers II and III; disc pads broadened. Thenar tubercle elongate, palmar rounded, thenar and palmar flattened and similar in size. Supernumerary and accessory palmar tubercles absent; subarticular tubercles on fingers barely discernable, rounded basally, flattened in form and globular in profile. Ulnar tubercles and fold absent. Fingers lack interdigital webbing.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF93FFC10D9276BCFE30FEA1" blockId="10.[151,1436,153,936]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Hind limbs relatively short and slim. Toes without lateral fringes; Toe III shorter than Toe V. Discs and terminal transverse grooves on all the toes; tips symmetrical; disc covers rounded on toes I, II, and V, palmate on toes III and IV; disc pads broadened. Inner metatarsal tubercle elongated; outer metatarsal tubercle rounded, much smaller than inner, both inner and outer metatarsal tubercles projecting. Supernumerary and plantar tubercles absent; subarticular tubercles on toes ovoid basally, flattened in form and globular in profile. Heel smooth, inner tarsal fold absent. Toes lack interdigital webbing.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF93FFC10D927755FDAFFD41" blockId="10.[151,1436,153,936]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10D927755FE1CFE4D" bold="true" box="[199,411,368,395]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF93FFC10CF77757FDEAFE4D" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[418,621,370,395]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10CF77757FDEAFE4D" box="[418,621,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Diasporus amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is metachromatic and shows a high-level of color variation between day and night. While active at night the dorsum was observed to be dark brown with black marks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF93FFC109E377B0FB70FE69" box="[1206,1271,404,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1714,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1324,1702]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,1324,1702]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Color in life view of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. A) Dorsum and B) venter in nighttime coloration, and C) dorsum in daytime coloration. Photos A–B by S. Salazar and C by J. A. Salazar-Zúñiga." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187619/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
a-b), but while inactive, in the daytime, the dorsum was observed to change to a bronze coloration with bluish black marks that form thin lines across the girdles and in the interorbital area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF93FFC10E6E77F8FC0CFE31" box="[827,907,476,503]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1714,1739]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1324,1702]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,1324,1702]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Color in life view of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. A) Dorsum and B) venter in nighttime coloration, and C) dorsum in daytime coloration. Photos A–B by S. Salazar and C by J. A. Salazar-Zúñiga." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187619/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Fig. 5c</figureCitation>
|
||
). We consider that the dark brown coloration of the dorsum is more characteristic of this species because the dorsal background of the preserved specimen in ethanol is gray (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF93FFC10DA77400FEB0FD86" box="[242,311,549,576]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1418,1443]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,954,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,953,1406]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. A) Dorsum, B) venter, C) right hand, and D) right foot of the holotype (UCR 21843) of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. Photos by E. Arias." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187621/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The venter is usually gray-bluish with pale blotches. The dorsal surfaces of the forelimbs and hind limbs are similar to the dorsum, and present black-bluish marks. The flanks and groins are similar in coloration to that of the venter. The iris is brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF93FFC10D9274B5FEFEFC6E" blockId="10.[151,1436,153,936]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10D9274B5FD02FD6D" bold="true" box="[199,645,656,683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
Coloration of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB8859FF93FFC10CCF74B4FD86FD6D" box="[410,513,657,683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in ethanol.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
After five years in ethanol (70 %), the dorsum and head is gray-blackish with several black blotches; a narrow pale interorbital band present; a dark supratympanic stripe extending from the orbit to the suprascapular shoulder; venter gray with dark brown pigment, forming a pattern of pale blotches on dark background due to the lack of dark brown pigment; throat black, vocal sac uniformly gray-blackish; flanks and groin similar to dorsal background; dorsal surface of forelimbs and hind limbs similar to dorsal background with darker marks; ventral surfaces of forelimbs and hind limbs dark brown with pale blotches; ventral surfaces of hands and feet dark brown, with pale blotches on fingers and toes; posterior and anterior surfaces of hind limbs uniform dark brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF93FFC10C7275A8FEECFC6E" box="[295,363,909,936]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1418,1443]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,954,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,953,1406]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. A) Dorsum, B) venter, C) right hand, and D) right foot of the holotype (UCR 21843) of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. Photos by E. Arias." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187621/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1F6673FF93FFC10DC273AFFEDCFA05" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187621/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" startId="10.[151,250,1418,1443]" targetBox="[152,1435,954,1405]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF93FFC10DC273AFFEDCFA05" blockId="10.[151,1436,1418,1475]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10DC273AFFEAEFA65" bold="true" box="[151,297,1418,1443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">FIGURE 6. A</emphasis>
|
||
) Dorsum,
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10CC373AEFE20FA65" bold="true" box="[406,423,1419,1443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
|
||
) venter,
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10F5573AFFD95FA65" bold="true" box="[512,530,1418,1443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
|
||
) right hand, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10FEA73AEFD56FA65" bold="true" box="[703,721,1419,1443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">D</emphasis>
|
||
) right foot of the holotype (UCR 21843) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF93FFC109DB73AEFAC1FA64" authority="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez, 2019" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[1166,1350,1419,1442]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC109DB73AEFAC1FA64" box="[1166,1350,1419,1442]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Diasporus amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC1081973AEFA1BFA65" bold="true" box="[1356,1436,1419,1443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2275792FF93FFC1081973AEFA1BFA65" box="[1356,1436,1419,1443]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Photos by E. Arias.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF93FFC10D927021FC54F984" blockId="10.[151,1437,1539,2034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10D927021FDC8F9D8" bold="true" box="[199,591,1539,1566]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB8859FF93FFC10CCF7021FD86F9D8" box="[410,513,1540,1566]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(mm).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SVL 18.5; HL 6.2; HW 7.0; ED 3.0; IOD 2.8; TY 1.0; EW 1.5; E–N 1.2; F1 2.0; F2 2.2; F3 3.6; F4 3.0; T1 2.9; T2 3.5; T3 5.0; T4 7.1; T5 5.1; TL 9.5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF93FFC10D92706EFA13F914" blockId="10.[151,1437,1539,2034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10D92706EFCF0F9A0" bold="true" box="[199,887,1611,1638]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
Morphometric and morphological variation of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB8859FF93FFC10FAC7069FCF6F9A0" box="[761,881,1612,1638]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
We did not find evident morphological variation among the five
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB8859FF93FFC10C1D7055FE31F94C" box="[328,438,1648,1674]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, and little variation was observed in their coloration. Dorsal background in UCR 22010, 22012, and 22554 is nearly uniform black (in ethanol). The dorsal background coloration of UCR 22011 is paler than the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB8859FF93FFC10DAD709DFED9F914" box="[248,350,1720,1746]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The ventral surfaces of UCR 22010 are paler than the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB8859FF93FFC10E93709DFBACF914" box="[966,1067,1720,1746]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, with little dark brown pigment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF93FFC00D9270F9FDAFFEA1" blockId="10.[151,1437,1539,2034]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,153,899]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10D9270F9FE49F930" bold="true" box="[199,462,1755,1782]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Natural history notes.</emphasis>
|
||
We have found only two populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF93FFC10EF770F8FBE9F930" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[930,1134,1757,1782]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC10EF770F8FBE9F930" box="[930,1134,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Diasporus amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both above
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF93FFC1085670F9FADEF930" box="[1283,1369,1756,1782]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l., on the Plátano peak and a nearby unnamed peak. Both peaks are covered by primary forest, and are categorized as Tropical Wet Forest (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF93FFC10CD17101FDBCF8F9" author="Holdridge, L. R." box="[388,571,1828,1855]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" refId="ref10575" refString="Holdridge, L. R. (1967) Life Zone Ecology. Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa Rica, 206 pp." type="book" year="1967">Holdridge 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), lacking a dry season, having an annual precipitation range between
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF93FFC108127101FE82F8A4" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" unit="mm" value="3500.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="3000.0">3000 to 4000 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and annual temperatures oscillating between 18 to 28 ºC. On Plátano peak
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF93FFC1090F716CFB4CF8A4" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[1114,1227,1865,1890]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF93FFC1090F716CFB4CF8A4" box="[1114,1227,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">D. amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was detected only along the northern slope, in the last
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF93FFC10F647149FDFEF840" box="[561,633,1900,1926]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
of the ascent to Plátano’s summit. The new species has been observed calling during the night from low vegetation (less than
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF93FFC10E5D71B5FCD9F86C" box="[776,862,1936,1962]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" unit="m" value="1.0">1 meter</quantity>
|
||
above the ground) or within the leaf litter near the walls of small stream canyons. However, we also detected some males calling from trees, up to 6 meters high. This species appears to be very shy; when disturbed, males stop calling for several minutes, such behavior is rare in other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00C5876BFFE05FF75" box="[269,386,154,179]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00C5876BFFE05FF75" box="[269,386,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Diasporus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in which males keep quiet when disturbed, but start over their calling activity almost immediately. In relation to the calling activity,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00F1B769BFD38FF11" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[590,703,190,215]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00F1B769BFD38FF11" box="[590,703,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D. amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
behaves similar to many other anuran species that call during the night but also can vocalize during the afternoon on rainy days (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF92FFC00E0876C4FC74FF3D" author="Savage, J. M." box="[861,1011,225,251]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" refId="ref11803" refString="Savage, J. M. (2002) The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna between two Continents, between two Seas. The University of Chicago Press, Illinois, 934 pp." type="book" year="2002">Savage 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to the call activity during the sampled months,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00CDC7723FE7CFED9" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[393,507,262,287]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00CDC7723FE7CFED9" box="[393,507,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D. amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be less common than the sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC009527723FB3AFED9" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[1031,1213,261,287]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diastema">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC009527723FBA4FED9" box="[1031,1059,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D.</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC0090D7720FB3AFED9" box="[1112,1213,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">diastema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the area. We did not find females, juveniles or eggs in spite of 158 man-hours of searching effort during a total of eight nights of fieldwork in three different months.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF92FFC00D927755FA00FD41" blockId="11.[151,1437,153,899]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00D927755FEEBFE4D" bold="true" box="[199,364,368,395]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Vocalizations.</emphasis>
|
||
The advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00FCA7757FCECFE4D" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[671,875,370,395]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00FCA7757FCECFE4D" box="[671,875,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Diasporus amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
consists of a single modulated note (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF92FFC008407754FADDFE4D" box="[1301,1370,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1774,1799]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,152,1758]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Spectrogram and oscillogram of the advertisement call of (A) Diasporus amirae sp. nov., (B) D. vocator, and (C) Diasporus sp. A." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187617/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a mean duration of 0.256 ±
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE54503CFF92FFC00C9B77B1FDA5FE69" box="[462,546,404,431]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" precision="55" value="-0.015">0.015 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. Dominant frequency in this species ranges in mean from 2.871 ± 0.039 kHz at the beginning of the call to 3.273 ± 0.051 kHz at the end of the call. Compared to other modulating species in the genus, the duration of the call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00F5777FBFDF5FE31" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[514,626,478,503]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00F5777FBFDF5FE31" box="[514,626,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D. amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more than six times the duration of the call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC009D877FBFA83FE31" baseAuthorityName="Taylor" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1165,1284,478,503]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vocator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC009D877FBFA83FE31" box="[1165,1284,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D. vocator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E20340FF92FFC0084477F8FAE1FE31" box="[1297,1382,477,503]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1390,1414]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean values, standard deviation, and range of the spectro-temporal characteristics in the advertisement calls of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. (n = 16 calls) and D. vocator (n = 82 calls)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1F6673FF9CFFCE0DC2734BFC20FA6C" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" tableUuid="DF1F6673FF9CFFCE0DC2734BFC20FA6C">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) and twice the duration of the calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00F5F7427FDFDFDDD" baseAuthorityName="Savage" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[522,634,513,539]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrillo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00F5F7427FDFDFDDD" box="[522,634,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D. tigrillo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00FE47427FB58FDDA" authority="(Garcia-Rodriguez et al. 2016)" authorityName="Garcia-Rodriguez" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Garcia-Rodriguez" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[689,1247,513,540]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="citrinobapheus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00FE47427FCFCFDDD" box="[689,891,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D. citrinobapheus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0AFF92FFC00EDF7424FB5FFDDA" author="Garcia-Rodriguez, A. & Arias, E. & Chaves, G." box="[906,1240,513,540]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" pagination="59 - 68" refId="ref10213" refString="Garcia-Rodriguez, A., Arias, E. & Chaves, G. (2016) Multiple lines of evidence support the species status of the poorly known Diasporus tigrillo and the recently described Diasporus citrinobapheus (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae). Neotropical Biodiversity, 2, 59 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 23766808.2016.1168076" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
García-Rodríguez
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC0090E7427FB13FDDD" box="[1115,1172,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This is the most evident difference to the human ear, due to the fact that the narrow frequency range and the long duration results in a lower slope in dominant frequency making modulation less perceptible (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E20340FF92FFC00E9C746CFBA7FDA5" box="[969,1056,585,611]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,239,1390,1414]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Mean values, standard deviation, and range of the spectro-temporal characteristics in the advertisement calls of Diasporus amirae sp. nov. (n = 16 calls) and D. vocator (n = 82 calls)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1F6673FF9CFFCE0DC2734BFC20FA6C" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" tableUuid="DF1F6673FF9CFFCE0DC2734BFC20FA6C">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). In contrast, other species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00DC2744BFE88FD41" baseAuthorityName="Taylor" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[151,271,622,647]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vocator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00DC2744BFE88FD41" box="[151,271,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D. vocator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00C61744BFE23FD41" baseAuthorityName="Savage" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[308,420,621,647]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tigrillo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00C61744BFE23FD41" box="[308,420,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D. tigrillo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
use wider frequency ranges in shorter calls, giving their vocalization a whistle-like tone.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF92FFC00D9274B5FC59FCFD" blockId="11.[151,1437,153,899]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00D9274B5FE77FD6D" bold="true" box="[199,496,656,683]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00CAD74B7FD43FD6D" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[504,708,658,683]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00CAD74B7FD43FD6D" box="[504,708,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Diasporus amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently known to be restricted to the headwaters of the Río Banano on the northeastern foothills of Cordillera de Talamanca, Caribbean slope,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377766BFF92FFC0096F7490FB33FD09" box="[1082,1204,693,719]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="135B2A7EFF92FFC009917490FA82FD09" box="[1220,1285,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1759,1784]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,817,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,816,1723]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map de Costa Rica and Panama, showing the type locality for Diasporus amirae sp. nov. and the populations of Diasporus sampled in our molecular phylogenetic analysis. Numbers correspond to locality IDs in Appendix I." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3187613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The known altitudinal range of the new species is
|
||
<quantity id="4C989B1EFF92FFC00F1574FCFD5EFD35" box="[576,729,729,755]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0605" metricValueMax="1.121" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" unit="m" value="1060.5" valueMax="1121.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000–1121 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. The known populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC0091374FFFB31FD35" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[1094,1206,730,755]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC0091374FFFB31FD35" box="[1094,1206,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D. amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are within La Amistad International Park. We believe that more fieldwork is needed to better understand the potential distributional range of this species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00CDC7507FDD3FCFD" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[393,596,802,827]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00CDC7507FDD3FCFD" box="[393,596,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Diasporus amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sympatric with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00E767507FC50FCFD" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[803,983,801,827]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diastema">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00E767507FCB9FCFD" box="[803,830,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">D.</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00E277504FC50FCFD" box="[882,983,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">diastema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A6570FF92FFC00D927560FEEFFC45" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FBFF92FFC00D927560FEEFFC45" blockId="11.[151,1437,153,899]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00D927560FEC9FC99" bold="true" box="[199,334,837,863]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D78FF92FFC00C997563FD9CFC99" authorityName="Arias & Chaves & Salazar & Salazar-Zúñiga & García-Rodríguez" authorityYear="2019" box="[460,539,838,863]" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Diasporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amirae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE9FF92FFC00C997563FD9CFC99" box="[460,539,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">amirae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a matronym dedicated to Stanley Salazar’s daughter, Amira Salazar who was born in
|
||
<date id="FFDE103BFF92FFC00DBB754CFEE2FC45" box="[238,357,873,899]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" value="2017-05">May 2017</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |