232 lines
25 KiB
XML
232 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="63857C1445A42EEACCB6715BCC8B04BF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5174334" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5174334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628336172685" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Matthews, Miller, Jacqueline Y., Mark & Goss, Gary" docDate="2012" docId="03C987CB9902FFADEFA4F978FD95E151" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0236.1-12.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2012 (236)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Sphenarches anisodactylus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFF0FFB39906FFABEF64FFF9FFADE32B" masterDocTitle="Observations of plume moths on North Andros Island, Bahamas, and notes on new records and species previously recorded from the Bahamas (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae)" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1699045220411" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:title id="9434F196BEEB2A3E99AB1FBA2EE1A850">Observations of plume moths on North Andros Island, Bahamas, and notes on new records and species previously recorded from the Bahamas (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3264BD8D48C6A106EC4925828F5AD0DF">Matthews</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E77095AF2B5372847DA1DEAFEF0EA8A4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CDEFC1B52D9DAB2B74BD75D1FF7C0952">Miller, Jacqueline Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B6AD69202FE31A3903ADF229AA7F4E6">Mark</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="BD014CD7E0280FE82E26DBEE01D6E181" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F43A9335D21640E0B9C8205E72B0A6A4">Goss, Gary</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BCE0598B759DE11AED297530A7DFD5FE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="375E1F3B4E8A3FA58DAD98FF1A5A334C">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="662F0BF1E787A7DFB1FEDC7AF9D6AC8F">
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<mods:date id="194F9B8BD59C68FB82C565581B5D990A">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="17372DD58253F6D3C9D1B234F4CE244D">2012-06-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BC6E5ED7CCEF88D07C868275A31E53E5">2012</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6454A1C46E95EA41CB3380FDCA1A4BB7">236</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A43AE755A1FD81EE33A17438450F06E5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5174334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="74498A48017D507B45F4CBF2FAB631F4" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C987CB9902FFADEFA4F978FD95E151" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987CB9902FFADEFA4F978FD95E151" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987CB9902FFADEFA4F978FD95E151" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C37A65569902FFAFEFA4F978FCAEE5B2" box="[192,771,1665,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDF36DD9902FFAFEFA4F978FCAEE5B2" blockId="4.[192,771,1665,1722]" box="[192,771,1665,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D09781B19902FFAFEFA4F978FCAEE5B2" bold="true" box="[192,771,1665,1689]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9902FFAFEFA4F978FCAEE5B2" ID-CoL="4YV3H" authority="(Walker, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[192,771,1665,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Pterophoridae" genus="Sphenarches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anisodactylus">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9902FFAFEFA4F978FCAEE5B2" bold="true" box="[192,771,1665,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9902FFAFEFA4F978FD9AE5B2" bold="true" box="[192,567,1665,1689]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Sphenarches anisodactylus</emphasis>
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(Walker, 1864)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A65569902FFAFEFA4F95BFEBFE591" box="[192,274,1698,1722]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDF36DD9902FFAFEFA4F95BFEBFE591" blockId="4.[192,771,1665,1722]" box="[192,274,1698,1722]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<figureCitation id="135B2A589902FFAFEFA4F95BFEBFE591" box="[192,274,1698,1722]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[193,277,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,192,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-226@5.[192,1440,192,1377]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Pterophoridae from North Andros Island: a) Lioptilodes albistriolatus; b) Stenoptilodes brevipennis; c) Sphenarches anisodactylus; d) Exelastis pumilio; e) Adaina perplexus; f) A. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5174338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5174338/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37A65569902FFAFEFA4F918FE80E411" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BDF36DD9902FFAFEFA4F918FE80E411" blockId="4.[192,1440,1761,1850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9902FFAFEFA4F918FE7DE5D2" bold="true" box="[192,464,1761,1785]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Material Examined.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F377764D9902FFAFEEB1F91BFDE0E5D1" box="[469,589,1762,1786]" name="Bahamas" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49A4F83F9902FFAFED32F91BFCADE5D1" box="[598,768,1762,1786]" country="Bahamas" name="North Andros" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">North Andros</collectingRegion>
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, Stafford Creek (Love at First Sight motel), 24.901449°, -77.936089°
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<date id="FFDE101D9902FFAFEE3DF8FBFE7DE431" box="[345,464,1794,1818]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" value="2011-10-28">28.x.2011</date>
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D. Matthews, M. Simon, J. Miller, G. Goss, MGCL Acc. No. 2011-32 (
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<specimenCount id="9D66FD549902FFAFEA54F8FBFA35E431" box="[1328,1432,1794,1818]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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) [
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<collectionCode id="ED71AE189902FFAFEFA3F8DBFE8FE411" box="[199,290,1826,1850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3">MGCL</collectionCode>
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].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF1F66559903FFAEEFA5FA8EFB87E682" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5174338" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5174338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5174338/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" startId="5.[193,277,1399,1421]" targetBox="[192,1440,192,1377]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="8BDF36DD9903FFAEEFA5FA8EFB87E682" blockId="5.[192,1440,1399,1450]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEFA5FA8EFE9DE6A7" bold="true" box="[193,304,1399,1421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEE53FA8EFE78E6A6" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1841" box="[311,469,1399,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Pterophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pterophoridae</taxonomicName>
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from North Andros Island:
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEC63FA8EFC8DE6A6" bold="true" box="[775,800,1399,1421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">a)</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEC40FA8EFB94E6A7" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[804,1081,1399,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Pterophoridae" genus="Lioptilodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albistriolatus">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEC40FA8EFB94E6A7" box="[804,1081,1399,1420]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Lioptilodes albistriolatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; b)
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEB06FA8EFAD1E6A7" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1122,1404,1399,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Pterophoridae" genus="Stenoptilodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennis">
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||
<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEB06FA8EFAD1E6A7" box="[1122,1404,1399,1420]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Stenoptilodes brevipennis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEAEDFA8EFA0DE6A6" bold="true" box="[1417,1440,1399,1421]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">c)</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEFA4FA6DFE46E682" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[192,491,1428,1449]" class="Insecta" family="Pterophoridae" genus="Sphenarches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anisodactylus">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEFA4FA6DFE46E682" box="[192,491,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Sphenarches anisodactylus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEE9DFA6DFDBEE681" bold="true" box="[505,531,1428,1450]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">d)</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEED7DFA6DFD74E682" baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[537,729,1428,1449]" class="Insecta" family="Pterophoridae" genus="Exelastis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilio">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEED7DFA6DFD74E682" box="[537,729,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Exelastis pumilio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEED82FA6DFD50E681" bold="true" box="[742,765,1428,1450]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">e)</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEC60FA6DFC68E682" baseAuthorityName="Grossbeck" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[772,965,1428,1449]" class="Insecta" family="Pterophoridae" genus="Adaina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplexus">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEC60FA6DFC68E682" box="[772,965,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Adaina perplexus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEECB6FA6DFC48E681" bold="true" box="[978,997,1428,1450]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">f)</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEC88FA6DFC50E682" box="[1004,1021,1428,1449]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">A</emphasis>
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. sp.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C37A65569903FFADEFA4FA3BFA0DE231" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDF36DD9903FFAEEFA4FA3BFD80E5B0" blockId="5.[192,1440,1474,1691]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEFA4FA3BFEFDE6F1" bold="true" box="[192,336,1474,1498]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Wingspan 12.0–18.0 mm. Adults are easily distinguished from other species on the island by the distinctly banded hind tibiae, alternating brown and pale bands on the forewing anterior lobe (
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<figureCitation id="135B2A589903FFAEEFADF9FAFEB6E530" box="[201,283,1539,1563]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[193,277,1399,1421]" captionTargetBox="[192,1440,192,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-226@5.[192,1440,192,1377]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Pterophoridae from North Andros Island: a) Lioptilodes albistriolatus; b) Stenoptilodes brevipennis; c) Sphenarches anisodactylus; d) Exelastis pumilio; e) Adaina perplexus; f) A. sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5174338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5174338/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
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) and the deep forewing cleft extending to nearly half the forewing length. The terminus of both forewing lobes is acute but the outer margin (termen) of the second lobe is distinctly excavate. The hindwing third lobe bears a dark double scale-tooth with the inner scale cluster more or less triangular in shape and much larger than the terminal cluster. The dorsum of the abdomen is also distinctly patterned in fresh specimens.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDF36DD9903FFADEFA4F93BFA0DE231" blockId="5.[192,1440,1730,1915]" lastBlockId="6.[192,1440,194,282]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEFA4F93BFEC7E5F1" bold="true" box="[192,362,1730,1754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Life History.</emphasis>
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This species is one of the most notably polyphagous of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEB79F93AFB60E5F0" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1841" box="[1053,1229,1731,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Pterophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pterophoridae</taxonomicName>
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, with larval hosts recorded from at least nine plant families (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B2C9903FFAEEDB5F91AFBA8E5D1" author="Matthews, D. L. & T. A. Lott" box="[721,1029,1762,1787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 324" refId="ref7548" refString="Matthews, D. L., and T. A. Lott. 2005. Larval hostplants of the Pterophoridae (Lepidoptera: Pterophoroidea). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 76: 1 - 324." type="journal article" year="2005">Matthews and Lott 2005</bibRefCitation>
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), especially
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEBFEF91AFAA3E5D0" box="[1178,1294,1763,1787]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEA28F91AFE87E430" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cucurbitaceae</taxonomicName>
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. In
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<collectingRegion id="49A4F83F9903FFAEEE37F8FAFE1DE430" box="[339,432,1795,1819]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Florida</collectingRegion>
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, the moth is most commonly associated with the aquatic monocot
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEBA3F8FAFA0DE430" box="[1223,1440,1795,1819]" class="Liliopsida" family="Marantaceae" genus="Thalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="geniculata">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEBA3F8FAFA0DE430" box="[1223,1440,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Thalia geniculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. [
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEF8CF8DAFE3CE411" box="[232,401,1827,1850]" class="Liliopsida" family="Marantaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Marantaceae</taxonomicName>
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]. The bionomics and life history were described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B2C9903FFAEEB67F8DAFAAEE410" author="Cassani, J. & D. H. Habeck & D. L. Matthews" box="[1027,1283,1827,1851]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="257 - 266" refId="ref7043" refString="Cassani, J., D. H. Habeck, and D. L. Matthews. 1990. Life history of a plume moth Sphenarches anisodactylus (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae). Florida Entomologist 73 (2): 257 - 266." type="journal article" year="1990">Cassani et al. (1990)</bibRefCitation>
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. Throughout the tropics, this species is well known as a pest on food crops of pigeon pea,
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<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEB04F8BAFABCE471" box="[1120,1297,1859,1882]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cajanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cajan">
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<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEB04F8BAFABCE471" box="[1120,1297,1859,1882]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Cajanus cajan</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Millsp. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEF93F89AFE04E450" authority="DC." authorityName="DC." box="[247,425,1891,1915]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cajanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEF93F89AFEC3E450" box="[247,366,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">C. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
DC.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, various squashes and gourds (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEC56F89AFC03E450" box="[818,942,1891,1915]" class="Tubothalamea" family="Milioliporidae" genus="Cucurbita" kingdom="Chromista" order="Miliolida" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEC56F89AFC03E450" box="[818,942,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Cucurbita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEC84F89AFB36E450" authority="Ser." authorityName="Ser." box="[992,1179,1891,1915]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Lagenaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEC84F89AFBF2E451" box="[992,1119,1891,1914]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Lagenaria</emphasis>
|
||
Ser.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9903FFAEEBCEF89AFA9EE450" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." box="[1194,1331,1891,1915]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Luffa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EACF9903FFAEEBCEF89AFB40E450" box="[1194,1261,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Luffa</emphasis>
|
||
Mill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), as well as the ornamental, hyacinth bean,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D5E9900FFADED16FF3BFCFDE3F2" box="[626,848,194,218]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lablab" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="purpureus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EACF9900FFADED16FF3BFCFDE3F2" box="[626,848,194,218]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Lablab purpureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Sweet. On
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A4F83F9900FFADEB77FF3BFBC3E3F1" box="[1043,1134,194,218]" country="Bahamas" name="South Andros" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Andros</collectingRegion>
|
||
, this moth is most likely well established on pigeon peas as this is a staple food crop on the island which is traditionally served with rice (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B2C9900FFADEE58FEFBFD98E231" author="Nickrent, D. L. & W. H. Eshbaugh & T. K. Wilson" box="[316,565,258,282]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" refId="ref7893" refString="Nickrent, D. L., W. H. Eshbaugh, and T. K. Wilson. 1988. The vascular flora of Andros Island, Bahamas. Kendall / Hunt Publishing Company; Dubuque, Iowa. 211 p." type="book" year="1988">Nickrent et al. 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Larvae are typically flower feeders or pod borers on the various hosts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A65569900FFADEFA4FEB8FCEAE292" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36DD9900FFADEFA4FEB8FCEAE292" blockId="6.[192,1440,321,442]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EACF9900FFADEFA4FEB8FED9E272" bold="true" box="[192,372,321,345]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is pantropical and was reported from Nassau,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADEB05FEBBFB78E271" box="[1121,1237,322,346]" name="Bahamas" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B2C9900FFADEA60FEBBFA31E271" author="Gielis, C." box="[1284,1436,322,346]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 198" refId="ref7130" refString="Gielis, C. 2003. Pterophoridae & Alucitoidea. In: World Catalogue of Insects 4: 1 - 198." type="journal article" year="2003">Gielis (2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B2C9900FFADEFA4FE98FF52E252" author="Gielis, C." box="[192,255,353,377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 290" refId="ref7152" refString="Gielis, C. 2006. Review of the Neotropical species of the family Pterophoridae, part I: Ochyroticinae, Deutercopinae, Pterophorinae (Platyptiliini, Exelastini, Oxyptilini) (Lepidoptera). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden 80 - 2 (1): 1 - 290." type="journal article" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the West Indies it has been recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADEC4CFE9BFCC1E251" box="[808,876,354,378]" name="Cuba" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADEC12FE9BFC43E251" box="[886,1006,354,378]" name="Dominica" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Dominica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADEC93FE9BFBC9E251" box="[1015,1124,354,378]" name="Grenada" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Grenada</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADEB0BFE9BFAA9E251" box="[1135,1284,354,378]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADEA6AFE9BFA31E251" box="[1294,1436,354,378]" name="Martinique" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Martinique</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADEFA4FE7BFEDEE2B1" box="[192,371,386,410]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, St. Thomas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADED78FE7BFC0BE2B1" box="[540,934,386,410]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADEC8CFE7BFBD1E2B1" box="[1000,1148,386,410]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F377764D9900FFADEBBEFE7BFA28E2B1" box="[1242,1413,386,410]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
it occurs in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A4F83F9900FFADEE51FE5BFE3FE291" box="[309,402,418,442]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A4F83F9900FFADEEFAFE5BFD81E291" box="[414,556,418,442]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A4F83F9900FFADED53FE5BFD19E291" box="[567,692,418,442]" country="United States of America" name="Louisiana" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Louisiana</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A4F83F9900FFADED92FE5BFCEFE292" box="[758,834,418,441]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A65569900FFADEFA4FE18FD95E151" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36DD9900FFADEFA4FE18FD95E151" blockId="6.[192,1440,481,634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EACF9900FFADEFA4FE18FEF6E2D2" bold="true" box="[192,347,481,505]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A4F83F9900FFADEEFBFE1BFDE6E2D1" box="[415,587,482,506]" country="Bahamas" name="North Andros" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">North Andros</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimen is paler than usual for this species but this is partly ac- counted for by the worn condition of the individual. The maculation of both the wings and abdomen are distinctive and there is no question as to the identity of the specimen. The specimen was collected in the morning, resting on asparagus fern in the general vicinity of a mercury vapor lamp which was on through the previous night.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |