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<document id="EFDE1F25193CA06BC2D33E2309937DFD" ID-CLB-Dataset="193693" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9ee765d1-fda0-407e-8539-36c8d93ead33" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7340959" ID-ZooBank="78CF666B-8825-4B6F-93BE-86F892C2E1B4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1669021528367" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tanaka, Hirotaka &amp; Kamitani, Satoshi" docDate="2022" docId="03C687E9FFB8BF75A0F60EE6CEBBFA9E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5209.5.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5209 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Spilococcus pacificus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="570" masterDocId="FFFFFF91FFB5BF7AA0610C0BCC3CFFCA" masterDocTitle="Review ofthegenus CrisicoccusFerris (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) in Japan with description of a new species, and the identity of a South Korean mealybug misidentified as Crisicoccus matsumotoi (Shiraiwa 1935)" masterLastPageNumber="572" masterPageNumber="555" pageNumber="568" updateTime="1699411839197" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="9F7A05D9EB2141C21EEFAFE2FEC5A70B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="3CD16D5376CF0080E0ED552868829F74">
<mods:title id="4EEBB034EA0117D76FE816FC0C345427">Review ofthegenus CrisicoccusFerris (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) in Japan with description of a new species, and the identity of a South Korean mealybug misidentified as Crisicoccus matsumotoi (Shiraiwa 1935)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="550F054084296153BF6DF72D4459E233" type="personal">
<mods:role id="66A9177D43FC78E348B51092CDDD60E6">
<mods:roleTerm id="8564DEA0F88E5A8455390B353458C638">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="184C946CFFBBF8C47B71D0B0EDDEED5C">Tanaka, Hirotaka</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5CE0DCCEDB8D4681A8FCDA33DB663673">Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Tarumi 3 - 5 - 7, Matsuyama, Ehime 790 - 8566, Japan. &amp; The Kyushu University Museum, Hakozaki 6 - 10 - 1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812 - 8581 Japan.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="797657D570BA5189976E66E7CEE14DB7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="424CDDE8309C570C138946B9EC8267A0">
<mods:roleTerm id="B13697C6A91A2E0910AAAAAB38EFA6D2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="85BCFD36F56EFF201C9E99456A346FDB">Kamitani, Satoshi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8210867B52C3046C6A2B3AC41DC8260A" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0870-5163</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3F4785EAAC14F75D530E2E18EA042BEC">Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan. kamitani @ agr. kyushu-u. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0870 - 5163</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A1A2302E48C4E5AAE4327CD55DBB093D" type="email">kamitani@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8BE45334E9DF61DAC15191A8E4F84743">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D877D1C85DE40A32E5BB355D41A30F11">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="32B15DF6331040812358409067DD5D90">
<mods:date id="027C93A3C4FACA31CA899A2C35DE8EE5">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3CE301014607271E90A065E351DB4A5A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7F8FFFC28CF5B01C122ADD37C30ABE8A">2022-11-21</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="D6DBC1383E6258BCE8999CD7872E4CF6" type="volume">
<mods:number id="6B435FF9A29596A4B2BF8FF9430B1BA7">5209</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="83BB70E8F1679F349D2CA24AB37E257F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="756756708E4136A45DEBF699AD2AE13B" type="CLB-Dataset">193693</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A6D58AF1B017557C6FD785D28268B935" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C8A5172A941EF2A43B4C07044336E885" type="GBIF-Dataset">9ee765d1-fda0-407e-8539-36c8d93ead33</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0D51035AE7C291C7B8C4457AADCCC4B4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4A4CCF7BB51D1EB78F76EF9F14E32ABC" type="Zenodo-Dep">7340959</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CF1C77ACA7F65FD046E13E227AABE321" type="ZooBank">78CF666B-8825-4B6F-93BE-86F892C2E1B4</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03C687E9FFB8BF75A0F60EE6CEBBFA9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7359567" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205134501" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7359567" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C687E9FFB8BF75A0F60EE6CEBBFA9E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C687E9FFB8BF75A0F60EE6CEBBFA9E" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="570" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<subSubSection id="C3756574FFB8BF77A0F60EE6CEACFCCD" box="[151,656,749,776]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0F60EE6CEACFCCD" blockId="13.[151,656,749,776]" box="[151,656,749,776]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<heading id="D0988193FFB8BF77A0F60EE6CEACFCCD" bold="true" box="[151,656,749,776]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFB8BF77A0F60EE6CEACFCCD" ID-CoL="4Z3LM" authority="(Borchsenius 1949)" baseAuthorityName="Borchsenius" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[151,656,749,776]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Spilococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0F60EE6CEACFCCD" bold="true" box="[151,656,749,776]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0F60EE6CDA7FCCD" bold="true" box="[151,411,749,776]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Spilococcus pacificus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A1CB0EE6CEB4FCCD" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[426,648,749,775]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" pagination="1 - 382" refId="ref11427" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1949) [Insects Homoptera. suborders mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Family mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). Vol. VII.]. Fauna SSSR. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR, New Series, 38, 1 - 382. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1949">Borchsenius 1949</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756574FFB8BF77A0F60F39CDA9FC29" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0F60F39CE43FC80" blockId="13.[151,1437,818,995]" box="[151,639,818,842]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7F11D1FFB8BF77A0F60F39CE43FC80" box="[151,639,818,842]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A0F60F39CE46FC80" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[151,634,818,842]" page="119" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="1949">
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFB8BF77A0F60F39CE46FC80" ID-CoL="6WCZC" authority="Borchsenius 1949: 119" authorityName="Borchsenius" authorityPageNumber="119" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,634,818,842]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Pseudococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0F60F39CDB4FC80" box="[151,392,818,842]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Pseudococcus pacificus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A1EE0F39CE46FC80" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[399,634,818,842]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" pagination="1 - 382" refId="ref11427" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1949) [Insects Homoptera. suborders mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Family mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). Vol. VII.]. Fauna SSSR. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR, New Series, 38, 1 - 382. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1949">Borchsenius 1949: 119</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0F60F5AC87BFCA2" blockId="13.[151,1437,818,995]" box="[151,1095,848,872]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7F11D1FFB8BF77A0F60F5AC87BFCA2" box="[151,1095,848,872]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFB8BF77A0F60F5ACED8FCA2" ID-CoL="4CQPS" authority="Borchsenius &amp; Kozarzhevskaya 1966" authorityName="Borchsenius &amp; Kozarzhevskaya" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,740,848,872]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Paracoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betulae">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0F60F5ACD5CFCA2" box="[151,352,848,872]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Paracoccus betulae</emphasis>
Borchsenius &amp; Kozarzhevskaya 1966
</taxonomicName>
(synonymy by
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A3E30F5BC807FCA2" author="Danzig, E. M." box="[898,1083,848,872]" page="158" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A3E30F5BC807FCA2" author="Danzig, E. M." box="[898,1083,848,872]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" refId="ref11607" refString="Danzig, E. M. (1980) [Coccoids of the Far East USSR (Homoptera, Coccinea) with phylogenetic analysis of scale insects fauna of the world]. Nauka, Leningrad, 367 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1980">Danzig 1980: 158</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0F60F64C95BFC4D" blockId="13.[151,1437,818,995]" box="[151,1383,879,903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7F11D1FFB8BF77A0F60F64C95BFC4D" box="[151,1383,879,903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFB8BF77A0F60F64CE7FFC4D" ID-CoL="4Z3LM" authority="(Borchsenius 1949)" baseAuthorityName="Borchsenius" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[151,579,879,903]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Spilococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0F60F64CD4EFC4D" box="[151,370,879,903]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Spilococcus pacificus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A11E0F64CE06FC4D" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[383,570,879,903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" pagination="1 - 382" refId="ref11427" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1949) [Insects Homoptera. suborders mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Family mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). Vol. VII.]. Fauna SSSR. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR, New Series, 38, 1 - 382. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1949">Borchsenius 1949</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A22C0F64CF3EFC4D" author="Danzig, E. M." box="[589,770,879,903]" page="158" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A22C0F64CF3EFC4D" author="Danzig, E. M." box="[589,770,879,903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" refId="ref11607" refString="Danzig, E. M. (1980) [Coccoids of the Far East USSR (Homoptera, Coccinea) with phylogenetic analysis of scale insects fauna of the world]. Nauka, Leningrad, 367 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1980">Danzig 1980: 158</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(change of combination);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A46E0F7BC8E7FC4D" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[1039,1243,879,903]" page="491" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A46E0F7BC8E7FC4D" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[1039,1243,879,903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" refId="ref11378" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1994) A systematic catalogue of the mealybugs of the world (Insecta: Homoptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae and Putoidae) with data on geographical distribution, host plants, biology and economic importance. Intercept Limited, Andover, 686 pp." type="book" year="1994">Ben-Dov 1994: 491</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A4870F64C95FFC4D" author="Suh, S. J." box="[1254,1379,879,903]" page="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A4870F64C95FFC4D" author="Suh, S. J." box="[1254,1379,879,903]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh 2020: 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0F60F85C951FC6C" blockId="13.[151,1437,818,995]" box="[151,1389,910,934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7F11D1FFB8BF77A0F60F85C951FC6C" box="[151,1389,910,934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFB8BF77A0F60F85CE07FC6C" ID-CoL="5W9YZ" authority="(Borchsenius 1949)" baseAuthorityName="Borchsenius" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[151,571,910,934]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Atrococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0F60F85CD56FC6C" box="[151,362,910,934]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Atrococcus pacificus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A1160F85CE0EFC6C" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[375,562,910,934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" pagination="1 - 382" refId="ref11427" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1949) [Insects Homoptera. suborders mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Family mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). Vol. VII.]. Fauna SSSR. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR, New Series, 38, 1 - 382. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1949">Borchsenius 1949</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A2250F85CEDFFC6C" author="Tang, F. T." box="[580,739,910,934]" page="228" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A2250F85CEDFFC6C" author="Tang, F. T." box="[580,739,910,934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" refId="ref12868" refString="Tang, F. T. (1992) [The Pseudococcidae of China.] Chinese Agricultural Science Technology Press Beijing, 768 pp. [in Chinese with English abstract]" type="book" year="1992">Tang 1992: 228</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(change of combination);
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A3910F85C955FC6C" author="Danzig, E. M. &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A." box="[1008,1385,910,934]" page="270" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A3910F85C955FC6C" author="Danzig, E. M. &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A." box="[1008,1385,910,934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" refId="ref11651" refString="Danzig, E. M. &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A. (2015) Palaearctic mealybugs (Homoptera: Coccinea: Pseudococcidae), Part 2: Subfamily Pseudococcinae. Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, 619 pp." type="book" year="2015">Danzig &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin 2015: 270</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0F60FA6CDA9FC29" blockId="13.[151,1437,818,995]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7F11D1FFB8BF77A0F60FA6CDA9FC29" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFB8BF77A0F60FA6CE6BFC0E" ID-CoL="ZHS2" authority="(Shiraiwa 1935)" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[151,599,940,964]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0F60FA6CDA9FC0E" box="[151,405,941,964]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Crisicoccus matsumotoi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A1CC0FA7CE73FC0E" author="Shiraiwa, H." box="[429,591,940,964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" pagination="63 - 75" refId="ref12563" refString="Shiraiwa, H. (1935) Studies on mealybugs infesting pear in Japan. Kontyu, 9, 63 - 75." type="journal article" year="1935">Shiraiwa 1935</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A20D0FA7CF21FC0E" author="Paik, W. H." box="[620,797,940,964]" page="186" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A20D0FA7CF21FC0E" author="Paik, W. H." box="[620,797,940,964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" refId="ref12483" refString="Paik, W. H. (1978) Illustrated flora and fauna of Korea. Insecta (VI). No. 22. Ministry of Education (Samhwa Publ. Co. Ltd), Soul, 481 pp." type="book" year="1978">Paik 1978: 186</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A3500FA7CFE9FC0E" author="Paik, J. C." box="[817,981,940,964]" page="64" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A3500FA7CFE9FC0E" author="Paik, J. C." box="[817,981,940,964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" refId="ref12525" refString="Paik, J. C. (2000) Economic Insects of Korea 6, Homoptera (Coccinea), Insecta Koreana Supplement 13. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Seoul, 193 pp." type="book" year="2000">Paik 2000: 64</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Kwon
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A4590FA6C853FC0E" box="[1080,1135,940,964]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">et al</emphasis>
. 2003: 403;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACE10EEFFB8BF77A56C0FA7C9A1FC0E" author="Suh, S. J." box="[1293,1437,940,964]" page="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A56C0FA7C9A1FC0E" author="Suh, S. J." box="[1293,1437,940,964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh 2020: 2</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(misidentifications).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756574FFB8BF77A0F6081ACD4CFBB9" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0F6081ACD4CFBB9" blockId="13.[151,1437,1041,2039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0F6081ACDB8FBE1" bold="true" box="[151,388,1041,1067]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B073CA2FFB8BF77A1EF081ACD8CFB85" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3970433301" collectingDate="2001-05-20" collectionCode="APQA" country="South Korea" location="Busan" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" stateProvince="Busan">
<collectingCountry id="F378766FFFB8BF77A1EF081ACE1EFBE6" box="[398,546,1041,1068]" name="South Korea" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">South Korea</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49ABF81DFFB8BF77A24E0819CE44FBE6" box="[559,632,1042,1068]" country="South Korea" name="Busan" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Busan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectedFrom id="38737502FFB8BF77A2E60819CF60FBE1" box="[647,860,1041,1068]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFB8BF77A2CC0819CF60FBE1" baseAuthorityName="Kawai" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[685,860,1041,1068]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmatum">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A2CC0819CF60FBE1" box="[685,860,1041,1068]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Acer palmatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFD1103FFFB8BF77A30C081ACFE1FBE1" box="[877,989,1041,1067]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" value="2001-05-20">
<collectingDate id="EF95E9D7FFB8BF77A30C081ACFE1FBE1" box="[877,989,1041,1067]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" value="2001-05-20">20.v.2001</collectingDate>
</date>
, no collector indicated,
<specimenCount id="9D69FD76FFB8BF77A497081AC97AFBE1" box="[1270,1350,1041,1067]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female mounted singly (
<collectionCode id="ED7EAE3AFFB8BF77A137083ECD95FB85" box="[342,425,1077,1103]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">APQA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B073CA2FFB8BF77A1DC083ECE71FB85" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3970433302" box="[445,589,1077,1103]" collectionCode="GB" country="South Korea" location="Gunwi" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Busan">
<location id="8EB06024FFB8BF77A1DC083ECE35FB85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C687E9FFB8BF75A0F60EE6CEBBFA9E:8EB06024FFB8BF77A1DC083ECE35FB85" box="[445,521,1077,1103]" country="South Korea" name="Gunwi" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" stateProvince="Busan">Gunwi</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7EAE3AFFB8BF77A278083ECE78FB85" box="[537,580,1077,1103]" country="Sweden" name="University of Gothenburg" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" type="Herbarium">GB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B073CA2FFB8BF77A23B083DCD50FBB9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3970433311" collectingDate="2012-09-13" collectionCode="APQA" collectorName="Suh, S. J." country="South Korea" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="2" stateProvince="Busan">
<collectedFrom id="38737502FFB8BF77A23B083DCF7FFB85" box="[602,835,1078,1104]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
on
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFB8BF77A21F083DCF7FFB85" box="[638,835,1078,1103]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ussuriensis">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A21F083DCF7FFB85" box="[638,835,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Pyrus ussuriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="FFD1103FFFB8BF77A332083ECFF1FB85" box="[851,973,1077,1103]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" value="2012-09-13">
<collectingDate id="EF95E9D7FFB8BF77A332083ECFF1FB85" box="[851,973,1077,1103]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" value="2012-09-13">13.ix.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="269A5329FFB8BF77A472083EC84BFB85" box="[1043,1143,1077,1103]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Suh, S.J.</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="9D69FD76FFB8BF77A4E4083EC8EFFB85" box="[1157,1235,1077,1103]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
females mounted on a slide (
<collectionCode id="ED7EAE3AFFB8BF77A1700852CD58FBB9" box="[273,356,1113,1139]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">APQA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756574FFB8BF75A0A60876CD2BFE1B" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="570" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0A60876CD87FB5D" blockId="13.[151,1437,1041,2039]" box="[199,443,1149,1175]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0A60876CD87FB5D" bold="true" box="[199,443,1149,1175]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Updated description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0A608AAC82CFB76" blockId="13.[151,1437,1041,2039]" box="[199,1040,1185,1212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0A608AACD96FB71" bold="true" box="[199,426,1185,1211]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Appearance in life.</emphasis>
Body orange in life (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFB8BF77A2F908AAC838FB76" author="Danzig, E. M. &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A." box="[664,1028,1185,1212]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" refId="ref11651" refString="Danzig, E. M. &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A. (2015) Palaearctic mealybugs (Homoptera: Coccinea: Pseudococcidae), Part 2: Subfamily Pseudococcinae. Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg, 619 pp." type="book" year="2015">Danzig &amp; Gavrilov-Zimin 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0A608CECE90F8A2" blockId="13.[151,1437,1041,2039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0A608CECE29FB15" bold="true" box="[199,533,1221,1247]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Slide-mounted adult female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13542A7AFFB8BF77A24608CECE50FB15" box="[551,620,1221,1247]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,181,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-22@14.[191,1397,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Spilococcus pacificus (Borchsenius 1949), adult female collected in Gunwi, South Korea in 2012. ALC, anal lobe cerarius; ANT, antenna; DP, discoidal pore; LG, hind tibia, tarsus and claw; MP, multilocular disc pore; OCD I, large type oral collar duct; OCD II, small type oral collar duct; ORD, oral rim tubular duct; PLC, penultimate cerarius (C17); TP, trilocular pore. Scale bars: 200 µm for ANT and LG; 50 µm for ALC and PLC; 10 µm for others." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7340979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7340979/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) (n = 3): Body elongate oval,
<quantity id="4C979B1AFFB8BF77A3AF08CEC86BFB2A" box="[974,1111,1221,1248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="2.7">2.7–3.3 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4C979B1AFFB8BF77A4AD08CEC969FB2A" box="[1228,1365,1221,1248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="568" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 mm</quantity>
wide; derm membranous; segmentation recognizable, but not well developed. Anal lobes well developed; dorsal surface of each lobe with a slightly sclerotized area; ventral surface with well-developed anal lobe bar and long apical seta, 208–271 µm long. Antenna 360–450 µm long, with 8 segments and many flagellate setae; subapical segment with 1 fleshy seta and apical segment with 3 fleshy setae. Eyespots present on margin, not associated with discoidal pores. Legs well developed, with many flagellate setae; hind leg measurements (in µm): trochanter + femur 260–338 long; hind tibia + tarsus 280–395; claw 34–40, without a denticle. Ratio of lengths of hind tibia + tarsus to trochanter + femur about 1: 1.01–1.17; ratio of lengths of hind tibia to tarsus 1: 1.55–2.17. Paired setose tarsal digitules present, subequal in length to the minutely knobbed claw digitules. Hind coxa with translucent pores on both surfaces; hind tibia with or without translucent pores on posterior surface; hind trochanter, femur and tarsus without translucent pores. Labium 165–186 µm long, usually same length as clypeolabral shield. Circulus usually quadrate, located between abdominal segment III and IV, 68–170 µm long and 87–125 µm wide. Ostioles present, each with inner edges of lips weakly sclerotized; anterior ostioles each with a total for both lips of 16–29 trilocular pores and 3–5 setae; each posterior ostiole with a total for both lips of 19–49 trilocular pores and 2–5 setae. Anal ring 86–98 µm wide, bearing 6 setae, each seta 110–140 µm long. Cerarii numbering 6–8 pairs, all present on abdominal segments. Anal lobe cerarii (C
<subScript id="17EB34BAFFB8BF77A1170AFFCDBAF8C8" attach="left" box="[374,390,1780,1794]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">18</subScript>
) mostly each containing 2 conical cerarian setae, each seta 12–21 µm long and about 4–7 µm wide at base, 4–7 auxiliary setae and a concentration of trilocular pores. Penultimate cerarii (C
<subScript id="17EB34BAFFB8BF77A4A80B13C8E5F8EC" attach="left" box="[1225,1241,1816,1830]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">17</subScript>
) each containing 2 conical setae, no auxiliary setae and some trilocular pores. Cerarii situated further forward generally each with 2 conical setae and usually a few trilocular pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFB8BF77A0A60B79CD45F83D" blockId="13.[151,1437,1041,2039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFB8BF77A0A60B79CD15F841" box="[199,297,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="568">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Setae flagellate, each 8–45 µm long, distributed segmentally; longest setae present on head. Trilocular pores each 3–4 µm wide, evenly distributed. Oral collar tubular ducts absent. A few oral rim tubular ducts present on submarginal to medial areas of head, thoracic and abdominal segments. Discoidal pores each about 2–3 µm wide, sparsely distributed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF106677FFBBBF74A0F60B68CFEFF82D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7340979" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7340979" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7340979/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="569" startId="14.[151,250,1891,1915]" targetBox="[191,1397,181,1867]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFBBBF74A0F60B68CFEFF82D" blockId="14.[151,1437,1891,2023]" pageId="14" pageNumber="569">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBBBF74A0F60B68CD2FF8B1" bold="true" box="[151,275,1891,1915]" pageId="14" pageNumber="569">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBBBF74A17B0B68CEF8F8B1" authority="(Borchsenius 1949)" baseAuthorityName="Borchsenius" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[282,708,1891,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Spilococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="569" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBBBF74A17B0B68CDC8F8B1" box="[282,500,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="569">Spilococcus pacificus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBBBF74A2630B68CE81F8B1" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[514,701,1891,1915]" pageId="14" pageNumber="569" pagination="1 - 382" refId="ref11427" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1949) [Insects Homoptera. suborders mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Family mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). Vol. VII.]. Fauna SSSR. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk SSSR, New Series, 38, 1 - 382. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1949">Borchsenius 1949</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, adult female collected in Gunwi, South Korea in 2012. ALC, anal lobe cerarius;
<collectionCode id="ED7EAE3AFFBBBF74A0950B8CCD15F855" box="[244,297,1927,1951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="569">ANT</collectionCode>
, antenna; DP, discoidal pore; LG, hind tibia, tarsus and claw;
<collectionCode id="ED7EAE3AFFBBBF74A3FC0B8CCFFEF854" box="[925,962,1927,1950]" country="0" name="Mohonk Preserve, Inc." pageId="14" pageNumber="569">MP</collectionCode>
, multilocular disc pore; OCD I, large
<typeStatus id="54D4885DFFBBBF74A5220B8CC953F855" box="[1347,1391,1927,1951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
oral collar duct; OCD II, small
<typeStatus id="54D4885DFFBBBF74A1C20BA0CDF3F809" box="[419,463,1963,1987]" pageId="14" pageNumber="569">type</typeStatus>
oral collar duct;
<collectionCode id="ED7EAE3AFFBBBF74A2180BA0CE8DF809" box="[633,689,1963,1987]" pageId="14" pageNumber="569">ORD</collectionCode>
, oral rim tubular duct;
<collectionCode id="ED7EAE3AFFBBBF74A3F70BA0CFFBF809" box="[918,967,1963,1987]" pageId="14" pageNumber="569">PLC</collectionCode>
, penultimate cerarius (C
<subScript id="17EB34BAFFBBBF74A4DD0BB0C8F7F803" attach="left" box="[1212,1227,1979,1993]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="569">17</subScript>
); TP, trilocular pore. Scale bars: 200 µm for ANT and LG; 50 µm for ALC and PLC; 10 µm for others.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFBABF75A0A60C9CCD2BFE1B" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A0A60C9CCD2FFF7A" box="[199,275,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Venter.</emphasis>
Setae relatively long and flagellate, each 18–136 µm long; setae on head longest. Multilocular disc pores, each 6–9 µm wide, present in medial areas of abdominal segments IV‒IX; a few also present on head and thoracic segments, arranged in 1 to 3 rows on posterior areas of abdominal segments VI–VII but arranged randomly on abdominal segments VIII and IX. Trilocular pores, each same size as those on dorsum, evenly distributed. Oral collar tubular ducts of 2 sizes present: (i) large-type ducts, each about 3–4 µm in diameter, mostly wider than a trilocular pore, present on marginal to submarginal areas of all abdominal segments and anterior of thorax; and (ii) small-type ducts, each about 1–2 μm in diameter, present on medial areas of abdominal segments IV–VII, forming transverse bands across most posterior abdominal segments. Discoidal pores, each about 1–2 µm wide, sparsely distributed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756574FFBABF75A0A60DD0C849FDF7" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFBABF75A0A60DD0C849FDF7" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A0A60DD0CE30FE3F" bold="true" box="[199,524,474,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">
Host plants in
<collectingCountry id="F378766FFFBABF75A1110DD1CE3BFE3F" box="[368,519,474,501]" name="South Korea" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">South Korea</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A2730DD0CEB9FE3F" box="[530,645,475,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A2EC0DD0CFBEFE3F" box="[653,898,475,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Broussonetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kazinoki">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A2EC0DD0CFBEFE3F" box="[653,898,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Broussonetia kazinoki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A3EE0DD0C83FFE3F" author="Paik, W. H." box="[911,1027,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" refId="ref12483" refString="Paik, W. H. (1978) Illustrated flora and fauna of Korea. Insecta (VI). No. 22. Ministry of Education (Samhwa Publ. Co. Ltd), Soul, 481 pp." type="book" year="1978">Paik 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A46F0DD0C847FE3F" author="Suh, S. J." box="[1038,1147,475,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh 2020</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A4ED0DD0C8C6FE3F" box="[1164,1274,475,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rosaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A5620DD0C9A0FE3F" box="[1283,1436,475,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A5620DD0C9A0FE3F" box="[1283,1436,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Malus pumila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kwon
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A08A0DF4CD1EFDD3" box="[235,290,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">et al.</emphasis>
2003;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A10C0DF4CDE6FDD3" author="Suh, S. J." box="[365,474,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh 2020</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A18D0DF4CF29FDD3" box="[492,789,511,537]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="pyrifolia" variety="cultiva">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A18D0DF4CEAFFDD3" box="[492,659,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Pyrus pyrifolia</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A2A80DF4CF29FDD3" box="[713,789,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">cultiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A3430DF4CFC5FDD3" author="Kwon, G. M. &amp; Han, M. J." box="[802,1017,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="279 - 288" refId="ref12383" refString="Kwon, G. M. &amp; Han, M. J. (2003) [Scale insects (Stenorrhyncha) occurred on fruit trees in Korea]. Korean Journal of Applied Entomology, 42 (4), 279 - 288. [in Korean]" type="journal article" year="2003">Kwon &amp; Han 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A4650DF4C84DFDD3" author="Suh, S. J." box="[1028,1137,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh 2020</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A4E20DF4C9A1FDD3" box="[1155,1437,511,537]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Pyrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ussuriensis">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A4E20DF4C926FDD2" box="[1155,1306,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">P. ussuriensis</emphasis>
(Rosaceae)
</taxonomicName>
(Kwon
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A08D0E28CD21FDF7" box="[236,285,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">et al</emphasis>
. 2003;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A1130E28CDDDFDF7" author="Suh, S. J." box="[370,481,547,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh 2020</bibRefCitation>
); and
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A2450E28CE88FDF7" box="[548,692,547,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A2DF0E28CF56FDF7" baseAuthorityName="Kawai" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[702,874,547,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmatum">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A2DF0E28CF56FDF7" box="[702,874,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Acer palmatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A3190E28CFD2FDF7" author="Paik, W. H." box="[888,1006,547,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" refId="ref12483" refString="Paik, W. H. (1978) Illustrated flora and fauna of Korea. Insecta (VI). No. 22. Ministry of Education (Samhwa Publ. Co. Ltd), Soul, 481 pp." type="book" year="1978">Paik 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A39B0E28C855FDF7" author="Suh, S. J." box="[1018,1129,547,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3756574FFBABF75A0A60E4CCEBBFA9E" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFBABF75A0A60E4CC9B2FC4B" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A0A60E4CCD07FDAB" bold="true" box="[199,315,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Remarks.</emphasis>
In
<collectingCountry id="F378766FFFBABF75A1000E4CCDCCFDAB" box="[353,496,583,609]" name="South Korea" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">South Korea</collectingCountry>
, this species was first reported as “
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A31B0E4CC822FDAA" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[890,1054,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A31B0E4CC822FDAA" box="[890,1054,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. matsumotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A4350E4CC8E4FDAB" author="Paik, W. H." box="[1108,1240,583,609]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" refId="ref12483" refString="Paik, W. H. (1978) Illustrated flora and fauna of Korea. Insecta (VI). No. 22. Ministry of Education (Samhwa Publ. Co. Ltd), Soul, 481 pp." type="book" year="1978">Paik (1978)</bibRefCitation>
and later by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A50B0E4CCCD8FD4F" author="Paik, J. C." pageId="15" pageNumber="570" refId="ref12525" refString="Paik, J. C. (2000) Economic Insects of Korea 6, Homoptera (Coccinea), Insecta Koreana Supplement 13. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Seoul, 193 pp." type="book" year="2000">Paik (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, Kwon
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A15C0E60CD4AFD4F" box="[317,374,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">et al.</emphasis>
(2003), and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A2660E60CEB4FD4F" author="Suh, S. J." box="[519,648,619,645]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh (2020)</bibRefCitation>
. However, the morphology of the Korean specimens examined in this study, which were identified by South Korean mealybug experts Suh, S.J. and Park, M.J. as “
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A4F90E84C906FD62" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[1176,1338,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A4F90E84C906FD62" box="[1176,1338,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. matsumotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” is quite different from that of the species currently regarded as
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A2980EB8CFA0FD06" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[761,924,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A2980EB8CFA0FD06" box="[761,924,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. matsumotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A3A30EB8C88BFD06" baseAuthorityName="Kanda" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[962,1207,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seruratus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A3A30EB8C88BFD06" box="[962,1207,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Crisicoccus seruratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in
<collectingCountry id="F378766FFFBABF75A4830EB8C919FD07" box="[1250,1317,691,717]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Japan</collectingCountry>
, the native country of the
<typeStatus id="54D4885DFFBABF75A1570EDCCD5AFD3B" box="[310,358,727,753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">type</typeStatus>
specimen. The Korean material could be identified as a member of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A4D90EDCC902FD3B" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1950" box="[1208,1342,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Spilococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A4D90EDCC902FD3B" box="[1208,1342,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Spilococcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, namely
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A0F60EF0CD2BFCDF" baseAuthorityName="Borchsenius" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[151,279,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Spilococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A0F60EF0CD2BFCDF" box="[151,279,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">S. pacificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The true
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A1E90EF0CE17FCDE" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[392,555,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A1E90EF0CE17FCDE" box="[392,555,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. matsumotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A2310EF0CEE6FCDE" baseAuthorityName="Kanda" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[592,730,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seruratus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A2310EF0CEE6FCDE" box="[592,730,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. seruratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is a well-known significant pest of fruit crops in
<collectingCountry id="F378766FFFBABF75A5650EF0C978FCDF" box="[1284,1348,763,789]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A5300EF0CCEEFCF3" author="Kawai, S." pageId="15" pageNumber="570" refId="ref12115" refString="Kawai, S. (1980) Scale Insects of Japan in Colors. Zenkoku Noson Kyoiku Kyokai, Tokyo, 455 pp. [in Japanese]" type="book" year="1980">Kawai 1980</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A0810F14CD26FCF3" author="Kawai, S." box="[224,282,799,825]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 1203" refId="ref12143" refString="Kawai, S. (2003) Kaigaramushi [Coccoidea]. In: Umeya, K. &amp; Okada, T. (Eds.), Agricultural insect Pests in Japan. Zenkoku Noson Kyoiku Kyokai, Tokyo, pp. 1 - 1203. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
) and, based on our investigation, is probably absent from
<collectingCountry id="F378766FFFBABF75A3D50F14C87AFCF3" box="[948,1094,799,825]" name="South Korea" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">South Korea</collectingCountry>
. Thus, this rectification of the misidentifications will be beneficial to agriculture and international plant quarantine. Where mentioned above,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A5100F48CCDEFC4B" author="Suh, S. J." pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh (2020)</bibRefCitation>
just cited an earlier paper by South Korean researchers; she was not responsible for the misidentifications.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFBABF75A0A60F80C824FB6B" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">
In this study, we could not check all the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A3290F80CFD3FC6E" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[840,1007,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A3290F80CFD3FC6E" box="[840,1007,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. matsumotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that were used by the South Korean researchers; possibly a few of them could be the true
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A28F0FA4CFADFC02" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[750,913,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A28F0FA4CFADFC02" box="[750,913,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. matsumotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A3D00FA4C87BFC02" baseAuthorityName="Kanda" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[945,1095,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serruratus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A3D00FA4C87BFC02" box="[945,1095,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. serruratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) from
<collectingCountry id="F378766FFFBABF75A4F40FA4C919FC03" box="[1173,1317,943,969]" name="South Korea" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">South Korea</collectingCountry>
. However, the morphological characteristics of the Korean specimens we examined in this study are consistent with those of “
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A0C50FFCCD76FBDA" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[164,330,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A0C50FFCCD76FBDA" box="[164,330,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. matsumotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” in the key provided by Kwon
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A2DD0FFCCED3FBDB" box="[700,751,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">et al</emphasis>
. (2003), such as having some oral rim tubular ducts on the dorsum. We now consider that most or all specimens reported as “
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A31A0810C823FBFE" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[891,1055,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A31A0810C823FBFE" box="[891,1055,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. matsumotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” from
<collectingCountry id="F378766FFFBABF75A40E0810C8C0FBFF" box="[1135,1276,1051,1077]" name="South Korea" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">South Korea</collectingCountry>
are consistent with
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A0AE0834CD6CFB93" baseAuthorityName="Borchsenius" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[207,336,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Spilococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A0AE0834CD6CFB93" box="[207,336,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">S. pacificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We also believe that the specimens used by other researchers should be re-examined in the future, especially as
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A1510868CD93FBB7" author="Suh, S. J." box="[304,431,1123,1149]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12611" refString="Suh, S. J. (2020) Host plant list of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in South Korea. Insecta Mundi, 0757, 1 - 26." type="book chapter" year="2020">Suh (2020)</bibRefCitation>
cited
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A1960868CED8FBB7" author="Kwon, G. M. &amp; Han, M. J." box="[503,740,1123,1149]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="279 - 288" refId="ref12383" refString="Kwon, G. M. &amp; Han, M. J. (2003) [Scale insects (Stenorrhyncha) occurred on fruit trees in Korea]. Korean Journal of Applied Entomology, 42 (4), 279 - 288. [in Korean]" type="journal article" year="2003">Kwon &amp; Han (2003)</bibRefCitation>
as having recorded
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A3AD0868C873FBB7" baseAuthorityName="Borchsenius" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[972,1103,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Spilococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A3AD0868C873FBB7" box="[972,1103,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">S. pacificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A41D0868C916FBB7" baseAuthorityName="Kawai" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1148,1322,1123,1149]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="palmatum">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A41D0868C916FBB7" box="[1148,1322,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Acer palmatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F378766FFFBABF75A5300868C9A4FBB7" box="[1361,1432,1123,1149]" name="South Korea" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Korea</collectingCountry>
, whereas Kwon
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A124088CCD4BFB6B" box="[325,375,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">et al</emphasis>
. (2003) mentioned “
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A201088CCF3FFB6A" baseAuthorityName="Shiraiwa" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[608,771,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Crisicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matsumotoi">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A201088CCF3FFB6A" box="[608,771,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">C. matsumotoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” on the same host plant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036FFFFBABF75A0A608A0CEBBFA9E" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">
All the Korean specimens examined in this study have oral-rim tubular ducts on the dorsum and anal lobe bars on the ventral surfaces of the anal lobes. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B0EFFBABF75A2B708C4CFE1FB23" author="Kaydan, M. B. &amp; Szita, E." box="[726,989,1231,1257]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" pagination="444 - 450" refId="ref12194" refString="Kaydan, M. B. &amp; Szita, E. (2017) Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) with oral rim ducts; description of a new genus and species from Turkey, and discussion of their higher classification within the Pseudococcidae. Zootaxa, 4227 (3), 444 - 450. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4227.3.10" type="journal article" year="2017">Kaydan &amp; Szita (2017)</bibRefCitation>
, the species should be transferred either to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A14208F8CE19FAC7" authority="Ezzat" authorityName="Ezzat" authorityYear="1958" box="[291,549,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Maconellicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A14208F8CDDDFAC7" box="[291,481,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Maconellicoccus</emphasis>
Ezzat
</taxonomicName>
or to
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A20708F8CFE9FAC7" authority="Ezzat &amp; McConnell" authorityName="Ezzat &amp; McConnell" authorityYear="1956" box="[614,981,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Paracoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A20708F8CED6FAC6" box="[614,746,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Paracoccus</emphasis>
Ezzat &amp; McConnell
</taxonomicName>
(probably, to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A48108F8C958FAC6" authorityName="Ezzat &amp; McConnell" authorityYear="1956" box="[1248,1380,1267,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Paracoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A48108F8C958FAC6" box="[1248,1380,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Paracoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with minor generic diagnostic modifications); however, in the present study, none of the
<typeStatus id="54D4885DFFBABF75A45E091CC853FAFB" box="[1087,1135,1303,1329]" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">type</typeStatus>
specimens were examined so the species is left in
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D7CFFBABF75A1FA0930CE1DFA9F" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1950" box="[411,545,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Spilococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="570" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAEDFFBABF75A1FA0930CE1DFA9F" box="[411,545,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="570">Spilococcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for now.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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