treatments-xml/data/03/C6/87/03C687A1FFBBFF9291C2FE51D334FEA3.xml

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<mods:title id="2E8910E1F65DDEBD251EF7647ACC2296">A new genus Bongotarsonemus with two new species of tarsonemid (Acari: Heterostigmata) mites discovered from the Himalayan forests of West Bengal, India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F72010F9CD9814E00567AB355F394C4">Mondal, Priyankar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BB4270496F4385FD2AB28224ED0E3970">Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, Nadia, West Bengal, India. &amp; priyankar. ento @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0142 - 5815</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A2B9BA594D30E43CEFF847453B4A2085">Karmakar, Krishna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="01F7A9DC5B34BEA3FF3F147E9ED997AB">Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, Nadia, West Bengal, India. &amp; kkbckv 64 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5582 - 3560</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C375653CFFBBFF9591C2FE51D36DFE6F" box="[151,576,439,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBBFF9591C2FE51D36DFE6F" blockId="2.[151,576,439,465]" box="[151,576,439,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<heading id="D09881DBFFBBFF9591C2FE51D36DFE6F" bold="true" box="[151,576,439,465]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9591C2FE51D36DFE6F" bold="true" box="[151,576,439,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
Genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF9591BBFE51D0E7FE6F" authority="Mondal &amp; Karmakar, 2021" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[238,458,439,465]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9591BBFE51D0E7FE6F" bold="true" box="[238,458,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBBFF959087FE51D36DFE6F" box="[466,576,439,465]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C375653CFFBBFF9591C2FE19D231FD80" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBBFF9591C2FE19D231FD80" blockId="2.[151,1437,511,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9591C2FE19D003FDA7" bold="true" box="[151,302,511,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<typeStatus id="54D48815FFBBFF9591C2FE19D1FFFDA7" box="[151,210,511,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF95906CFDE6D350FDA7" authority="Mondal &amp; Karmakar, 2021" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[313,637,512,537]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="unicornus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF95906CFDE6D350FDA7" box="[313,637,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Bongotarsonemus unicornus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9593D2FE19D3C9FDA7" bold="true" box="[647,740,511,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBBFF9593D2FE19D3C9FDA7" box="[647,740,511,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by original designation (In addition to the 
<typeStatus id="54D48815FFBBFF95958BFDE6D423FDA4" box="[1246,1294,512,538]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">type</typeStatus>
species this genus also includes 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF95902DFDC2D386FD83" authority="Mondal &amp; Karmakar, 2021" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[376,683,547,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bicornus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF95902DFDC2D386FD83" box="[376,683,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Bongotarsonemus bicornus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9593E7FDC5D221FD83" bold="true" box="[690,780,547,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBBFF9593E7FDC5D221FD83" box="[690,780,547,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C375653CFFBBFF959192FDA1D2F8FA5B" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBBFF959192FDA1D1CCFD73" blockId="2.[151,1437,511,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959192FDA1D017FDDF" bold="true" box="[199,314,583,609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: This new genus is best characterized as a member of tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF9592E2FDA1D56EFDDF" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1877" box="[951,1091,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarsonemini">Tarsonemini</taxonomicName>
under subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF959455FDA1D4B0FDDF" authorityName="P.Kramer" authorityYear="1877" box="[1280,1437,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tarsoneminae">Tarsoneminae</taxonomicName>
based on the descriptions by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBBFF9590BEFD8DD386FD38" author="Lindquist E. E." box="[491,683,619,646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" pagination="1 - 517" refId="ref10075" refString="Lindquist E. E. (1986) The world genera of Tarsonemidae (Acari: Heterostigmata): a morphological, phylogenetic, and systematic revision, with a reclassification of family-group taxa in the Heterostigmata. The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 118, 1 - 517." type="journal article" year="1986">Lindquist (1986)</bibRefCitation>
and catalogue by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBBFF9592D6FD8DD55EFD3B" author="Lin, J. Z. &amp; Zhang, Z. Q." box="[899,1139,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" refId="ref10025" refString="Lin, J. Z. &amp; Zhang, Z. Q. (2002) Tarsonemidae of the world (Acari: Prostigmata): key to Genera, Geographical distribution, systematic catalogue and annotated bibliography. Systematic &amp; Applied Acarology Society, London, 440 pp." type="book" year="2002">Lin &amp; Zhang (2002)</bibRefCitation>
. However, this genus can be distinguished from all other genera of tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF9593E5FD69D211FD17" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1877" box="[688,828,655,681]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarsonemini">Tarsonemini</taxonomicName>
by a combination of character states (1–14) as listed below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBBFF959192FD31D32CFB1F" blockId="2.[151,1437,511,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
Adult females are distinguished by 1) setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9593F4FD31D396FD4F" box="[673,699,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">v1</emphasis>
set on prominent tubercles which conspicuously extend posteriorly and sometimes contiguous with tubercles of setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF95939EFD1DD3DCFCAB" box="[715,753,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">sc2</emphasis>
delimiting a medially raised section of prodorsum; 2) one or two strong horn like projections mediad bases of setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9593AEFCF9D238FC87" box="[763,789,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">v1</emphasis>
; 3) longitudinal sclerotized ridges or set of elevated striae medially on raised section of prodorsum; 4) sejugal apodeme strongly developed and characterisically bipartite 5) tibial seta 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF95905EFC81D034FC3F" box="[267,281,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">d</emphasis>
setiform, sparsely barbed, always longer than tibiotarsus, reaching beyond the apex of claw on leg I 6) seta 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF95919EFC6DD1DDFC1B" box="[203,240,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">pl’’</emphasis>
retained on tarsus II; males are distinguished by 7) prodorsal setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9592A0FC6DD536FC1B" box="[1013,1051,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">sc2</emphasis>
nearly as long as 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9595BEFC6DD43DFC1B" box="[1259,1296,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">sc1</emphasis>
; 8) tarsus II with rod-shaped solenidion 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959084FC56D0C8FC77" box="[465,485,944,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">ω</emphasis>
, longer than half the length of this segment and similarly long, spinose, blunt ended 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9591C2FC35D191FC53" box="[151,188,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">pl’’</emphasis>
inserted well anteriad 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9590E8FC32D0FCFC53" box="[445,465,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">ω</emphasis>
; 9) tibia IV with relatively long (&gt;18 μm) and curved solenidion 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9595E4FC32D5EDFC53" box="[1201,1216,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">φ</emphasis>
, more than half the length of femorogenu IV, and longer than combined length of tibia and tarsus IV; both sexes can be characterized by 10) elongated muscular pharynx, fusiform, always two third the length of gnathosomal capsule 11) leg I having movable fish-hook shaped claw with relatively long shank, strongly curved apex and small ambulacrum at base; 12) leg II–III similarly long symmetrically paired claws 13) tibia I with complete sensory cluster 14) seta 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959458FB85D433FBC3" box="[1293,1310,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">l’</emphasis>
on femur I slightly lanceolate and plumose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBBFF959192FB4DD2F8FA5B" blockId="2.[151,1437,511,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
The characters listed as 1–3 (single character state complex), 5, 8 and 11 are autapomorphic for 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF959587FB4AD4B1FB7B" authority="Mondal &amp; Karmakar, 2021" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[1234,1436,1196,1221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959587FB4AD4B1FB7B" box="[1234,1436,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9591C2FB29D02FFB57" bold="true" box="[151,258,1231,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBBFF9591C2FB29D02FFB57" box="[151,258,1231,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
. Peculiar prodorsal ornamentation and conspicuously long seta 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF95928FFB29D2C5FB57" box="[986,1000,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">d</emphasis>
reaching beyond claw on tibiotarsus I in females, and elongated fish-hook shaped claw on leg I of both sexes make this genus remarkably unique in the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF959184FAF1D04DFA8F" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1877" box="[209,352,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarsonemini">Tarsonemini</taxonomicName>
. Also, the combination of characters viz. rod-shaped solenidion 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF95957FFAFED513FA8F" box="[1066,1086,1304,1329]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">ω</emphasis>
with similarly long bacilliform 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9591C2FADDD191FAEB" box="[151,188,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">pl’’</emphasis>
on tarsus II of males is not known from the formerly described genera of this tribe. Though character 13 is plesiomorphic for the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF959091FAB9D37EFAC7" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1877" box="[452,595,1375,1401]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarsonemini">Tarsonemini</taxonomicName>
, it has been included as diagnostic character for 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF959530FA86D402FAC7" authority="Mondal &amp; Karmakar, 2021" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[1125,1327,1376,1401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959530FA86D402FAC7" box="[1125,1327,1376,1401]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959460FAB9D4B1FAC7" bold="true" box="[1333,1436,1375,1401]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBBFF959460FAB9D4B1FAC7" box="[1333,1436,1375,1401]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
as the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF959070FA65D3A6FA20" authority="Lofego et al. 2015" authorityName="Lofego" authorityYear="2015" box="[293,651,1411,1438]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Kaliszewskia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959070FA65D09AFA23" box="[293,439,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Kaliszewskia</emphasis>
Lofego 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959340FA62D36BFA23" box="[533,582,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">et al</emphasis>
. 2015
</taxonomicName>
(monotypic) and few species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF9592A2FA62D59FFA23" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[1015,1202,1412,1437]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Metatarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9592A2FA62D59FFA23" box="[1015,1202,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Metatarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF9595B2FA62D440FA23" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[1255,1389,1412,1437]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9595B2FA62D440FA23" box="[1255,1389,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lost one or more sensory setae from the cluster on tibia I. The character states enlisted as 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 and 14 are homoplasies shared with several other genera of subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBBFF959265FA2DD2FDFA5B" authorityName="P.Kramer" authorityYear="1877" box="[816,976,1483,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tarsoneminae">Tarsoneminae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSection id="E2E02F5CFFBBFF9291C2F9F5D334FEA3" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="580" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="multiple">
<subSubSection id="C375653CFFBBFF9491C2F9F5D01BF9CB" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="578" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBBFF9591C2F9F5D004F990" blockId="2.[151,1437,1555,2014]" box="[151,297,1555,1582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<heading id="D09881DBFFBBFF9591C2F9F5D004F990" bold="true" box="[151,297,1555,1582]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF9591C2F9F5D00CF993" bold="true" box="[151,289,1555,1581]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Description</emphasis>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBBFF959192F9D1D1DEF8BB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1555,2014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959192F9D1D08BF9EF" bold="true" box="[199,422,1591,1617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Adult of both sexes</emphasis>
. Gnathosoma: Capsule slightly wider than long or as wide as long, sub-triangular; palpcoxal setae indiscernible. Dorsal gnathosomal setae sparsely barbed with pointed tip, and ventral gnathosomal setae smooth and setiform. Palpi directed anteriorly, slightly convergent distally, short and robust, each with two short setae and two cone shaped structures apically. Cheliceral stylets of moderate length, with swollen basal levers and a nodular projection posteriorly. Pharynx well developed, muscular, always two thirds the length of gnathosomal capsule.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBBFF949192F8E9D598FDDF" blockId="2.[151,1437,1555,2014]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="578" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959192F8E9D049F897" bold="true" box="[199,356,1807,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Adult female</emphasis>
. Idiosoma: Prodorsal shield overlapping entire gnathosoma dorsally. All dorsal setae coarsely barbed; setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF95906CF8D5D07EF8F3" box="[313,339,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">v1</emphasis>
inserted on tubercles which conspicuously extend posteriorly and sometimes converging with tubercles of setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959035F8B1D0A8F8CF" box="[352,389,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">sc2</emphasis>
delimiting a medially raised portion of prodorsal shield. One or two strongly sclerotized horn like projections mediad bases of setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF959318F89DD34AF82B" box="[589,615,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">v1</emphasis>
(hereafter, mentioned as ‘anterior prodorsal horn’). Medially raised part of prodorsal shield ornamented with pair of longitudinal ridges or a set of elevated strial thickenings, extended anteriorly to base of anterior prodorsal horn(s) and posteriorly to level of insertion of 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBBFF95950FF825D552F863" box="[1114,1151,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">sc2</emphasis>
. Stigmata laterad of base of tubercle bearing 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF94902EFF71D0B8FF0F" box="[379,405,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">v1</emphasis>
; main tracheal trunks with unsclerotized atria, and without postatrial structures. Setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9494D7FF71D4B1FF0F" box="[1410,1436,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">v2</emphasis>
vestigial, only pits visible near level of 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949318FF5DD35FFF6B" box="[589,626,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">sc1</emphasis>
, latter globose and spiny, inserted ventrolaterad of prodorsal shield. Seta 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9491C2FF39D190FF47" box="[151,189,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">sc2</emphasis>
inserted posteriad 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9490C5FF39D09BFF47" box="[400,438,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">sc1</emphasis>
. Posterior margins of tergites nearly straight to slightly convex. Distance between pair of setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949183FEE5D1F3FEA3" box="[214,222,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">f</emphasis>
less than length of setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9490ADFEE5D32BFEA3" box="[504,518,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">h</emphasis>
; setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949301FEE5D340FEA2" box="[596,621,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">ps</emphasis>
smooth, nearly as long as setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949282FEE5D2C8FEA3" box="[983,997,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">h</emphasis>
. Venter with apodemes 1 fused to each other, may or may not fuse conspicuously with prosternal apodeme. Apodemes 2 diffusely meet with prosternal apodeme. Prosternal apodeme may be well sclerotized up to level of anterior ends of apodeme 2 or may be visible as a small sclerotized fragment between apodemes 1 and 2, then widening and fading to reach sejugal apodeme. The latter well sclerotized, but clearly interrupted medially. Coxisternal plates I and II with pair of setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF94941AFE75D446FE13" box="[1359,1387,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">1a</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9491C2FE51D19EFE6F" box="[151,179,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">2a</emphasis>
respectively and alveolar vestiges of setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493F1FE51D3ECFE6F" box="[676,705,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">1b</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493AFFE51D23BFE6F" box="[762,790,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">2b</emphasis>
. Apodemes 3 transverse, extending from anterior end of trochanters III to nearly level of insertion of 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493C4FE3DD380FE4B" box="[657,685,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">3a</emphasis>
with diffused proximal ends. Apodemes 4 extending convergently from insertion of setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9490F7FE19D093FDA7" box="[418,446,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">3b</emphasis>
to anterior half of poststernal apodeme. Poststernal apodeme mostly distinct, bifurcate anteriorly. Anterior margin of coxisternal plates III slightly convex. Tegula as long as wide basally and rounded apically. Aggenital plate striated at lateral margin. Dorsal and ventral plates coarsely punctate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBAFF949192FD8DD2F1FC1B" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
Legs: leg I with a single, elongated, fish-hook shaped claw with small ambulacrum at base.Ambulacra of legs II and III with empodia and well-developed, symmetrically paired, elongated and strongly curved claws. Femora I and II lacking flanges or ridges. Leg IV elongate-cylindrical, with femorogenu nearly twice as long as tibiotarsus, each with two setae; 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF94901DFD31D059FD4F" box="[328,372,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">v’Ti</emphasis>
serrate. Number of setae (solenidia in parenthesis): femur, genu and fused tibia+tarsus of leg I, 4-4-6(2)+8(1); femur, genu, tibia and tarsus of leg II, 3-3-4-7(1); femorogenu, tibia and tarsus of leg III, 1+3-4-5. Legs I-III with femoral and genual setation complete, with conspicuously barbed and thickened setae on femur I (
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9494DBFCF9D4B1FC87" box="[1422,1436,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">l’</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949192FCA5D1F3FCE3" box="[199,222,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">l’’</emphasis>
), genu I (
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949019FCA5D070FCE3" box="[332,349,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">l’</emphasis>
), femur II (
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9490B7FCA5D0DEFCE3" box="[482,499,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">l’</emphasis>
) and genu II (
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493C6FCA5D389FCE3" box="[659,676,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">l’</emphasis>
). Tibial sensory cluster of leg I complete (2 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9495DAFCA5D5B3FCE2" box="[1167,1182,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">φ</emphasis>
+ 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9495E9FCA5D5E5FCE3" box="[1212,1224,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">k</emphasis>
). Tarsi II with seta 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9491C2FC81D191FC3F" box="[151,188,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">pl’’</emphasis>
small and spinose, adjacent to 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949346FC81D30AFC3E" box="[531,551,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">ω</emphasis>
; both setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493FFFC81D393FC3F" box="[682,702,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">u’</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493A6FC81D23DFC3F" box="[755,784,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">u’’</emphasis>
present on tarsi II and III. Subunguinal seta 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9495AFFC81D428FC3E" box="[1274,1285,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">s</emphasis>
of tibiotarsus I and unguinal seta 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949027FC6DD0ABFC1B" box="[370,390,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">u’</emphasis>
of tarsi II and III stout, spinelike, undivided apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBAFF949192FC48D402FA8F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949192FC48D062FC77" bold="true" box="[199,335,942,969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Adult male</emphasis>
(known only for one species). Idiosoma: All dorsal setae coarsely barbed. Prodorsum with four pairs of setae. Setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949029FC35D0BBFC53" box="[380,406,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">v1</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949098FC35D0C5FC53" box="[461,488,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">v2</emphasis>
setiform with pointed tip; setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949207FC35D25AFC53" box="[850,887,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">sc1</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9492FBFC35D2FEFC53" box="[942,979,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">sc2</emphasis>
thickened with blunt tips. Plate CD with three paired setae and cupules 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9490BFFC11D32DFBAE" box="[490,512,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">ia</emphasis>
; setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949319FC11D34AFBAF" box="[588,615,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">c1</emphasis>
located posteriad 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949264FC11D266FBAF" box="[817,843,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">c2</emphasis>
comparatively closer to setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9495CEFC11D584FBAF" box="[1179,1193,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">d</emphasis>
; only 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9495A5FC11D427FBAF" box="[1264,1290,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">c2</emphasis>
with pointed tip. Plate EF with paired setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949356FBFDD326FB8B" box="[515,523,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">f</emphasis>
and cupules 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493FCFBFDD3E1FB8A" box="[681,716,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">im.</emphasis>
Apodemes 1 conspicuous and fused with prosternal apodeme forming a ‘Y’ shape. Prosternal apodeme interrupted near medial end of apodemes 2. Sejugal apodeme continuous and emarginate medially where fused with prosternal apodeme. Coxisternal plates I and II each with one pair of setae and one pair of rudimental setal alveoli. Coxisternal plates III with two pairs of setae. Coxisternal plates IV lacking setae. Anterior margins of coxisternal plates III–IV fused with each other forming nearly concave border. Apodemes 4 connected to apodemes 3 anteriorly on either side and to each other medially where joining with poststernal apodeme. The latter splitting into apodemes 5 on posterior fourth of length. Both dorsal and ventral plates coarsely punctate. Genital capsule heart-shaped, as long as wide; accessory shafts swollen distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBAFF949192FADDD01BF9CB" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
Legs: Arrangement of claws on legs I–III similar as in female. Femora I and II lacking flanges and ridges. Tarsus I with both 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949030FAB9D056FAC7" box="[357,379,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">ft’</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9490E5FAB9D0E1FAC7" box="[432,460,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">ft’’</emphasis>
setae. Legs I–III with femoral and genual setation complete, with conspicuously barbed and thickened setae on femur I (
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949355FA65D323FA23" box="[512,526,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">l’</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949311FA65D371FA23" box="[580,604,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">l’’</emphasis>
), femur II (
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493B5FA65D3DCFA23" box="[736,753,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">l’</emphasis>
) and genu II (
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9492C4FA65D28FFA23" box="[913,930,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">l’</emphasis>
). Tibial sensory cluster of leg I complete (2 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9494D8FA65D4B1FA22" box="[1421,1436,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">φ</emphasis>
+ 1 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9491EBFA41D1E7FA7F" box="[190,202,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">k</emphasis>
). Arrangement of subunguinal and unguinal setae on legs I-III similar as female. Tarsus II with rod-shaped solenidion 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949046FA2DD00AFA5A" box="[275,295,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">ω</emphasis>
, longer than half the length of this segment and similarly long, spinose, blunt ended 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9495B5FA2DD428FA5B" box="[1248,1285,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">pl’’</emphasis>
inserted well anteriad 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9491ADFA09D021F9B6" box="[248,268,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">ω</emphasis>
. Leg IV with seta on trochanter; femorogenu without flange, concave at inner margin near anterior half; tibia separated from tarsus, with a greatly elongated tibial solenidion, more than half the length of femorogenu and a moderately long tibial tactile seta; tarsus with three setae of similar length, and with well-developed unciform terminal claw.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C375653CFFBAFF949192F999D5FBF903" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBAFF949192F999D5FBF903" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949192F999D063F927" bold="true" box="[199,334,1663,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Etymology.</emphasis>
The generic name 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF949374F999D3C6F926" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[545,747,1663,1688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949374F999D3C6F926" box="[545,747,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is derived from the Bengali word ‘ 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF94953AF999D595F926" box="[1135,1208,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Bongo</emphasis>
’ which indicates the state of 
<collectingRegion id="49ABF855FFBAFF9491BAF945D0ACF903" box="[239,385,1699,1725]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
; as a whole referring to the tarsonemid genus discovered from 
<collectingRegion id="49ABF855FFBAFF949514F945D5FFF903" box="[1089,1234,1699,1725]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C375653CFFBAFF929192F920D334FEA3" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="580" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBAFF939192F920D5F1FD17" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="579" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949192F920D090F95F" bold="true" box="[199,445,1734,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Diagnostic remarks.</emphasis>
Adult females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF9493CFF921D249F95E" authority="Mondal &amp; Karmakar, 2021" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[666,868,1735,1760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493CFF921D249F95E" box="[666,868,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949225F921D2F3F95F" bold="true" box="[880,990,1735,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBAFF949225F921D2F3F95F" box="[880,990,1735,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
resemble those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF949593F921D00BF8BB" authority="Attiah, 1970" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Floridotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949593F921D4B0F95F" box="[1222,1437,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Floridotarsonemus</emphasis>
Attiah, 1970
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF949064F90DD39CF8BB" authority="Moraes et al., 2002" authorityName="Moraes" authorityYear="2002" box="[305,689,1771,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Flechtmannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949064F90DD0FDF8BB" box="[305,464,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Flechtmannus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBAFF949083F90DD39CF8BB" author="Moraes, G. J. de &amp; Lindquist, E. E. &amp; Lofego, A. C." box="[470,689,1771,1797]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" pagination="687" refId="ref10869" refString="Moraes, G. J. de, Lindquist, E. E. &amp; Lofego, A. C. (2002) A new genus and species of tarsonemid mite (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with a neotropical curculionid beetle (Coleoptera). Invertebrate Systematics, 16 (5), 687. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 01030" type="journal article" year="2002">
Moraes 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949364F90DD34FF8BB" box="[561,610,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">et al</emphasis>
., 2002
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF9493E9F90DD263F8BB" box="[700,846,1771,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Kaliszewskia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9493E9F90DD263F8BB" box="[700,846,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Kaliszewskia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, some species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF949546F90DD1E2F897" authority="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago, 1876" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949546F90DD5B4F8BA" box="[1043,1177,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
Canestrini &amp; Fanzago, 1876
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF949183F8E9D34FF897" authority="De Leon, 1956" authorityName="De Leon" authorityYear="1956" box="[214,610,1806,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Daidalotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949183F8E9D09EF897" box="[214,435,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Daidalotarsonemus</emphasis>
De Leon, 1956
</taxonomicName>
, belonging to tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF94926DF8E9D2E9F897" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1877" box="[824,964,1807,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarsonemini">Tarsonemini</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF9492ADF8E9D472F897" authority="Smiley, 1969" authorityName="Smiley" authorityYear="1969" box="[1016,1375,1807,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Heterotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9492ADF8E9D5EBF896" box="[1016,1222,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Heterotarsonemus</emphasis>
Smiley, 1969
</taxonomicName>
from tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF949186F8D5D0B8F8F3" box="[211,405,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemitarsonemini">Hemitarsonemini</taxonomicName>
in having the prosternal apodeme sclerotized only up to the level of apodemes 2, diffused and widened posteriorly to meet with the sejugal apodeme. Females of this new genus also have prodorsal setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9491C2F89DD19CF82B" box="[151,177,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">v1</emphasis>
and sometimes 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF94903BF89DD0B9F82B" box="[366,404,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">sc2</emphasis>
set on strong tubercles similar to those in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF9492D1F89DD54CF82B" authorityName="De Leon" authorityYear="1956" box="[900,1121,1915,1941]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Daidalotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9492D1F89DD54CF82B" box="[900,1121,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Daidalotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF949524F89DD0AFF807" authority="Ochoa and Naskrecki, 1995" authorityName="Ochoa and Naskrecki" authorityYear="1995" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Excelsotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF949524F89DD464F82B" box="[1137,1353,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Excelsotarsonemus</emphasis>
Ochoa and Naskrecki, 1995
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF9490E9F879D221F807" authority="Attiah, 1970" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[444,780,1951,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Metatarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9490E9F879D35AF806" box="[444,631,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Metatarsonemus</emphasis>
Attiah, 1970
</taxonomicName>
(only 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF94920CF879D25EF807" box="[857,883,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">v1</emphasis>
). However, unlike these genera, the tubercles in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBAFF9491C2F825D04CF862" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,353,1987,2012]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBAFF9491C2F825D04CF862" box="[151,353,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
delimit a raised part of prodorsal shield medially which is again uniquely ornamented as described earlier. The females also resemble 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93931CFF71D589FF0F" authority=", Rhyncotarsonemus Beer, 1954" authorityName=", Rhyncotarsonemus Beer" authorityYear="1954" box="[585,1188,150,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Excelsotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93931CFF71D20CFF0F" box="[585,801,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Excelsotarsonemus</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93926CFF71D523FF0F" box="[825,1038,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Rhyncotarsonemus</emphasis>
Beer, 1954
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9395EDFF71D4B8FF0F" authorityName="De Leon" authorityYear="1956" box="[1208,1429,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Daidalotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9395EDFF71D4B8FF0F" box="[1208,1429,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Daidalotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9391C2FF5DD313FF6B" authority="Kaliszewski, 1984" authorityName="Kaliszewski" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,574,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Neotarsonemoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9391C2FF5DD04AFF6B" box="[151,359,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Neotarsonemoides</emphasis>
Kaliszewski, 1984
</taxonomicName>
some species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9393ABFF5DD294FF6A" authorityName="Beer" authorityYear="1954" box="[766,953,187,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Xenotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9393ABFF5DD294FF6A" box="[766,953,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Xenotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9392A5FF5DD55BFF6A" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[1008,1142,187,212]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9392A5FF5DD55BFF6A" box="[1008,1142,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9395BBFF5DD5D2FF6B" box="[1262,1279,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">l’</emphasis>
on femur and genu of leg I thickened and barbed.However, the 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9393F8FF39D393FF47" box="[685,702,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">l’</emphasis>
on femur I is plumose, which is not known from formerly described species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939045FEE5D09DFEA3" authorityName="P.Kramer" authorityYear="1877" box="[272,432,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tarsoneminae">Tarsoneminae</taxonomicName>
. They also resemble 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9393F5FEE5D544FEA3" authority="Lofego &amp; Feres, 2006" authorityName="Lofego &amp; Feres" authorityYear="2006" box="[672,1129,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Biscutulumnemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9393F5FEE5D24BFEA3" box="[672,870,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Biscutulumnemus</emphasis>
Lofego &amp; Feres, 2006
</taxonomicName>
(tribe not specified); some species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939059FEC1D0CEFEFF" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[268,483,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Floridotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939059FEC1D0CEFEFF" box="[268,483,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Floridotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9390A4FEC1D398FEFE" baseAuthorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[497,693,295,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Fungitarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9390A4FEC1D398FEFE" box="[497,693,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Fungitarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939397FEC1D265FEFE" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[706,840,295,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939397FEC1D265FEFE" box="[706,840,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93922BFEC1D563FEFF" authorityName="Kaliszewski" authorityYear="1984" box="[894,1102,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Neotarsonemoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93922BFEC1D563FEFF" box="[894,1102,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Neotarsonemoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9395A1FEC1D4ADFEFF" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1877" box="[1268,1408,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarsonemini">Tarsonemini</taxonomicName>
in retaining 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939057FEADD00AFEDB" box="[258,295,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">pl’’</emphasis>
on tarsus II. The bipartite sejugal apodeme is a widespread character in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93950EFEADD403FEDB" box="[1115,1326,331,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Steneotarsonemini">Steneotarsonemini</taxonomicName>
, although in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9391E7FE89D013FE37" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1877" box="[178,318,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarsonemini">Tarsonemini</taxonomicName>
a few species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9390ACFE89D267FE37" authority="Ewing, 1939" authorityName="Ewing" authorityYear="1939" box="[505,842,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Hemitarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9390ACFE89D39AFE36" box="[505,695,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Hemitarsonemus</emphasis>
Ewing, 1939
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93922BFE89D529FE36" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[894,1028,367,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93922BFE89D529FE36" box="[894,1028,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possess a medially separated sejugal apodeme similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9390D5FE75D367FE12" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[384,586,403,428]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9390D5FE75D367FE12" box="[384,586,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939300FE75D396FE13" bold="true" box="[597,699,403,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">gen nov.</emphasis>
Generally, prodorsal setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9392AEFE75D50CFE13" box="[1019,1057,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">sc2</emphasis>
visibly shorter than 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939440FE75D416FE13" box="[1301,1339,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
sc 
<quantity id="4C979B52FFBDFF93947AFE75D416FE13" box="[1327,1339,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" unit="in" value="1.0">1</quantity>
</emphasis>
in male tarsonemids but the males known from only one species of this genus possess 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939553FE51D506FE6F" box="[1030,1067,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">sc2</emphasis>
nearly as long as 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9395A0FE51D436FE6F" box="[1269,1307,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">sc1</emphasis>
. The males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9391E2FE3DD0DBFE4B" authority="Beer, 1954" authorityName="Beer" authorityYear="1954" box="[183,502,474,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Xenotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9391E2FE3DD05FFE4A" box="[183,370,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Xenotarsonemus</emphasis>
Beer, 1954
</taxonomicName>
and few species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939388FE3DD52DFE4B" authority="Lindquist, 1986" authorityName="Lindquist" authorityYear="1986" box="[733,1024,475,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Deleonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939388FE3DD269FE4B" box="[733,836,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Deleonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF939218FE3DD52DFE4B" author="Lindquist E. E." box="[845,1024,475,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="1 - 517" refId="ref10075" refString="Lindquist E. E. (1986) The world genera of Tarsonemidae (Acari: Heterostigmata): a morphological, phylogenetic, and systematic revision, with a reclassification of family-group taxa in the Heterostigmata. The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 118, 1 - 517." type="journal article" year="1986">Lindquist, 1986</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
may resemble the new genus based on leg IV with relatively long solenidion 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9393D4FE19D3BDFDA6" box="[641,656,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">φ</emphasis>
but differ by fused tibiotarsus while tibia and tarsus are distinctly separated in the new genus. Adult males of this new genus share a similarity with 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93956BFDC5D5D4FD82" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[1086,1273,547,572]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Metatarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93956BFDC5D5D4FD82" box="[1086,1273,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Metatarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, some species 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9391C2FDA1D043FDDF" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,366,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Floridotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9391C2FDA1D043FDDF" box="[151,366,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Floridotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93902EFDA1D3C3FDDF" authority="Cromroy, 1958" authorityName="Cromroy" authorityYear="1958" box="[379,750,582,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Fungitarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93902EFDA1D312FDDE" box="[379,575,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Fungitarsonemus</emphasis>
Cromroy, 1958
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939276FDA1D284FDDE" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[803,937,583,608]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939276FDA1D284FDDE" box="[803,937,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having enlarged solenidion 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9395AAFDA1D43EFDDE" box="[1279,1299,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">ω</emphasis>
on tarsus II, often more than half the length of tarsus. This might be a plesiomorphic character for the family 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9395B5FD8DD450FD3B" authorityName="P.Kramer" authorityYear="1877" box="[1248,1405,619,645]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tarsonemidae</taxonomicName>
as males of many tarsonemid genera have solenidion on tarsus II longer than in conspecific females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD036B7FFBDFF929192FD55D334FEA3" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="580" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
As the comparative morphology suggests, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9393FDFD55D25FFD72" authority="Mondal &amp; Karmakar, 2021" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[680,882,691,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9393FDFD55D25FFD72" box="[680,882,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93922FFD55D2C9FD73" bold="true" box="[890,996,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBDFF93922FFD55D2C9FD73" box="[890,996,691,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
shares most of its morphological traits with 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93919AFD31D078FD4E" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[207,341,727,752]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93919AFD31D078FD4E" box="[207,341,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the most speciose genus of the family 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939253FD31D28BFD4F" authorityName="P.Kramer" authorityYear="1877" box="[774,934,727,753]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tarsonemidae</taxonomicName>
. Compared to other genera, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939588FD31D44EFD4E" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[1245,1379,727,752]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939588FD31D44EFD4E" box="[1245,1379,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not include species with derived character states as noted by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF93921DFD1DD528FCA8" author="Lindquist E. E." box="[840,1029,763,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="1 - 517" refId="ref10075" refString="Lindquist E. E. (1986) The world genera of Tarsonemidae (Acari: Heterostigmata): a morphological, phylogenetic, and systematic revision, with a reclassification of family-group taxa in the Heterostigmata. The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 118, 1 - 517." type="journal article" year="1986">Lindquist (1986)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF939568FD1DD409FCAB" author="Lofego, A. C. &amp; Cavalcante, A. C. C. &amp; Demite, P. R. &amp; Rezende, J. M. &amp; Ochoa, R. &amp; Moraes, G. J. De" box="[1085,1316,763,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="307 - 329" refId="ref10169" refString="Lofego, A. C., Cavalcante, A. C. C., Demite, P. R., Rezende, J. M., Ochoa, R. &amp; Moraes, G. J. De (2019) Reinstatement of Metatarsonemus Attiah (Acari: Tarsonemidae), with description of a new species, redefinition of the genus and a key to the world species. Zootaxa, 4711 (2), 307 - 329. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4711.2.5" type="journal article" year="2019">
Lofego 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9395C3FD1DD5E5FCAB" box="[1174,1224,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">et al</emphasis>
. (2019)
</bibRefCitation>
. However, morphologically remote species have been affiliated to this extensive assemblage, previously nested inside four subgenera 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939047FCA5D01CFCE2" box="[274,305,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">viz</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939017FCA5D0E5FCE2" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[322,456,835,860]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939017FCA5D0E5FCE2" box="[322,456,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBDFF939086FCA5D33EFCE3" box="[467,531,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939374FCA5D527FCE3" authority="Beer &amp; Nucifora, 1965" authorityName="Beer &amp; Nucifora" authorityYear="1965" box="[545,1034,834,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Chaetotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939374FCA5D3DEFCE3" box="[545,755,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Chaetotarsonemus</emphasis>
Beer &amp; Nucifora, 1965
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93954DFCA5D447FCE3" authority="Attiah, 1970" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[1048,1386,835,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Metatarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93954DFCA5D5FEFCE2" box="[1048,1235,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Metatarsonemus</emphasis>
Attiah, 1970
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9391C2FC81D0D2FC3F" authority="Attiah, 1970" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,511,871,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Floridotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9391C2FC81D043FC3F" box="[151,366,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Floridotarsonemus</emphasis>
Attiah, 1970
</taxonomicName>
with latest inclusion of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93925EFC81D5A4FC3F" authority="Magowski, 2010" authorityName="Magowski" authorityYear="2010" box="[779,1161,871,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Schaarschmidtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93925EFC81D2EAFC3F" box="[779,967,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Schaarschmidtia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF93929BFC81D5A4FC3F" author="Magowski, W. L." box="[974,1161,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref10266" refString="Magowski, W. L. (2010) Schaarschmidtia, a new subgenus of the genus Tarsonemus Canestrini &amp; Fanzago, 1876 (Acari: Heterostigmatina: Tarsonemidae) - a systematic review of the mite taxon associated with subcortical coleopteran insects, with notes on its host affiliation, ecology and biogeography. Polish Journal of Entomology, 79 (Supplement), 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="2010">Magowski, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF9395CDFC81D460FC3F" author="Lindquist E. E." box="[1176,1357,871,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="1 - 517" refId="ref10075" refString="Lindquist E. E. (1986) The world genera of Tarsonemidae (Acari: Heterostigmata): a morphological, phylogenetic, and systematic revision, with a reclassification of family-group taxa in the Heterostigmata. The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 118, 1 - 517." type="journal article" year="1986">Lindquist, 1986</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF93940CFC81D004FC1B" author="Lin, J. Z. &amp; Zhang, Z. Q." pageId="4" pageNumber="579" refId="ref10025" refString="Lin, J. Z. &amp; Zhang, Z. Q. (2002) Tarsonemidae of the world (Acari: Prostigmata): key to Genera, Geographical distribution, systematic catalogue and annotated bibliography. Systematic &amp; Applied Acarology Society, London, 440 pp." type="book" year="2002">Lin &amp; Zhang, 2002</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF939061FC6DD0D8FC1B" author="Magowski, W. L." box="[308,501,907,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref10266" refString="Magowski, W. L. (2010) Schaarschmidtia, a new subgenus of the genus Tarsonemus Canestrini &amp; Fanzago, 1876 (Acari: Heterostigmatina: Tarsonemidae) - a systematic review of the mite taxon associated with subcortical coleopteran insects, with notes on its host affiliation, ecology and biogeography. Polish Journal of Entomology, 79 (Supplement), 1 - 176." type="journal article" year="2010">Magowski, 2010</bibRefCitation>
). Such taxonomic conundrums within this genus have very recently been addressed by elevating several subgenera of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939344FC49D3BAFC76" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[529,663,943,968]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939344FC49D3BAFC76" box="[529,663,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to generic rank with the discovery of a greater number of species and a better understanding of the derived characters. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF9393E3FC35D2BAFC53" author="Lofego, A. C. &amp; Cavalcante, A. C. C. &amp; Demite, P. R. &amp; Rezende, J. M. &amp; Ochoa, R. &amp; Moraes, G. J. De" box="[694,919,979,1005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="307 - 329" refId="ref10169" refString="Lofego, A. C., Cavalcante, A. C. C., Demite, P. R., Rezende, J. M., Ochoa, R. &amp; Moraes, G. J. De (2019) Reinstatement of Metatarsonemus Attiah (Acari: Tarsonemidae), with description of a new species, redefinition of the genus and a key to the world species. Zootaxa, 4711 (2), 307 - 329. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4711.2.5" type="journal article" year="2019">
Lofego 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93925BFC35D213FC53" box="[782,830,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">et al</emphasis>
. (2019)
</bibRefCitation>
established 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939575FC35D5F6FC52" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[1056,1243,979,1004]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Metatarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939575FC35D5F6FC52" box="[1056,1243,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Metatarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as evolutionarily independent from 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93903DFC11D0C3FBAE" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[360,494,1015,1040]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93903DFC11D0C3FBAE" box="[360,494,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and reinstated it with a set of apomorphies in females viz. the presence of several coxisternal fissures often overlapping apodemes and sclerotized ridges flanking tegula. Later, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF9395E7FBFDD1C3FBE7" author="Mondal, P. &amp; Karmakar, K." pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="229 - 251" refId="ref10595" refString="Mondal, P. &amp; Karmakar, K. (2021 c) First record of Metatarsonemus (Acari: Tarsonemidae) from India with description of two new species. Zootaxa, 4942 (2), 229 - 251. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4942.2.6" type="journal article" year="2021">Mondal &amp; Karmakar (2021c)</bibRefCitation>
and Mondal 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9390D9FBD9D0EDFBE7" box="[396,448,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">et al</emphasis>
. (2021a) confirmed those apomorphies with the description of five more species and enlisting eight nominal species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939346FB85D3E3FBC2" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[531,718,1123,1148]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Metatarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939346FB85D3E3FBC2" box="[531,718,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Metatarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
worldwide. The subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9392ACFB85D5FDFBC3" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[1017,1232,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Floridotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9392ACFB85D5FDFBC3" box="[1017,1232,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Floridotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with five nominal species has been seperated as a genus by a set of apomorphies in males viz. femorogenu IV with a concave arc at posterior base, possessing a triangular to keel-shaped flange at inner margin and tarsus IV with a flattened blade-like claw (Ochoa, 1991; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF93902CFB29D394FB57" author="Mondal, P. &amp; Karmakar, K." box="[377,697,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="1109 - 1125" refId="ref10463" refString="Mondal, P. &amp; Karmakar, K. (2021 a) Taxonomic notes on genus Floridotarsonemus (Acari: Tarsonemidae) with a description of two new species from West Bengal, India and keys to the world species. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 26 (6), 1109 - 1125. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 26.6.8" type="journal article" year="2021">Mondal &amp; Karmakar, 2021a</bibRefCitation>
). Subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939215FB29D53FFB57" authorityName="Beer &amp; Nucifora" authorityYear="1965" box="[832,1042,1231,1257]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Chaetotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939215FB29D53FFB57" box="[832,1042,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Chaetotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(monotypic) can be categorized by reduced, setiform bothridial setae 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939343FB15D311FAB3" box="[534,572,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
sc 
<quantity id="4C979B52FFBDFF939365FB15D311FAB3" box="[560,572,1267,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" unit="in" value="1.0">1</quantity>
</emphasis>
in adult females and broadly rounded flange on leg IV of adult males. These characters are homoplasies shared with the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939380FAF1D28CFA8F" authorityName="Beer" authorityYear="1954" box="[725,929,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Steneotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939380FAF1D28CFA8F" box="[725,929,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Steneotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939565FAF1D42EFA8F" box="[1072,1283,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Steneotarsonemini">Steneotarsonemini</taxonomicName>
, three genera of Tarsonemellini and insect parasitic species of subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939216FADDD2EFFAEB" authorityName="Schaarschmidt" authorityYear="1959" box="[835,962,1339,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acarapinae">Acarapinae</taxonomicName>
which makes its insertion as a subgenus of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9391EDFAB9D013FAC6" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[184,318,1375,1400]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9391EDFAB9D013FAC6" box="[184,318,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
very problematical but requires further investigation with a greater number of species. Bothridial setae are also vestigial in another monotypic genus 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93938EFA65D241FA23" box="[731,876,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Flechtmanus</emphasis>
belonging to tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939514FA65D5FDFA23" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1877" box="[1089,1232,1411,1437]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarsonemini">Tarsonemini</taxonomicName>
. This homoplastic character may have evolved due to adaptation to a confined habitat in which well developed bothridial organs might not be required (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF93900CFA2DD33EFA58" author="Lindquist E. E." box="[345,531,1483,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="1 - 517" refId="ref10075" refString="Lindquist E. E. (1986) The world genera of Tarsonemidae (Acari: Heterostigmata): a morphological, phylogenetic, and systematic revision, with a reclassification of family-group taxa in the Heterostigmata. The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 118, 1 - 517." type="journal article" year="1986">Lindquist, 1986</bibRefCitation>
). However this hypothesis often becomes contradictory as bothridial setae are well developed in many tarsonemid species which live in confined spaces either parasitizing other invertebrates or feeding within plant parts (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBDFF939095F9F5D3B8F993" author="Moraes, G. J. de &amp; Lindquist, E. E. &amp; Lofego, A. C." box="[448,661,1555,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" pagination="687" refId="ref10869" refString="Moraes, G. J. de, Lindquist, E. E. &amp; Lofego, A. C. (2002) A new genus and species of tarsonemid mite (Acari: Tarsonemidae) associated with a neotropical curculionid beetle (Coleoptera). Invertebrate Systematics, 16 (5), 687. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 01030" type="journal article" year="2002">
Moraes 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93934EF9F5D366F993" box="[539,587,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">et al</emphasis>
. 2002
</bibRefCitation>
). Differentially, subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9392E3F9F5D55FF993" authorityName="Magowski" authorityYear="2010" box="[950,1138,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Schaarschmidtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9392E3F9F5D55FF993" box="[950,1138,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Schaarschmidtia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 17 nominal species is diagnosed by several characters such as leg setal reduction, pharyngeal width to gnathosomal width ratio, glandular bodies posterior to pharynx, subcircular to tongue-shaped tegula, tripartite sejugal apodeme and elongated tibia IV in adult males which defines the group as a coherent assemblage within the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93954BF999D589F926" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[1054,1188,1663,1688]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93954BF999D589F926" box="[1054,1188,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and different from the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF939053F945D0A1F902" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[262,396,1699,1724]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF939053F945D0A1F902" box="[262,396,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBDFF9390C6F945D0E3F903" box="[403,462,1699,1725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
However, many of these characters such as the shape of tegula, reduction of leg seta in females and elongated tibia IV in males are sporadically present in several species of the subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9395ACF921D4B4F95F" authorityName="P.Kramer" authorityYear="1877" box="[1273,1433,1735,1761]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tarsoneminae">Tarsoneminae</taxonomicName>
. Some derived morphological traits in this group might be an outcome of their association with subcortical coleopteran insects but those certainly can not be considered as robust apomorphies to create a generic concept for 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9391C2F8D5D077F8F3" box="[151,346,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9391C2F8D5D07EF8F3" authorityName="Magowski" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,339,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Schaarschmidtia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actinedida" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Schaarschmidtia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
However, the set of unique apomorphies noted in the ‘diagnosis’ presents 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9395CFF8D5D449F8F2" authority="Mondal &amp; Karmakar, 2021" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[1178,1380,1843,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9395CFF8D5D449F8F2" box="[1178,1380,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93943EF8D5D1E5F8CF" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22857DEFFBDFF93943EF8D5D1E5F8CF" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
as a cohesive group with precisely defined morphological patterns that distinguish the genus from 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93945AF8B1D4B8F8CE" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[1295,1429,1879,1904]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93945AF8B1D4B8F8CE" box="[1295,1429,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The phylogenetic relationship of this new genus with other genera of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9392E7F89DD562F82B" authorityName="P.Kramer" authorityYear="1877" box="[946,1103,1915,1941]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tarsoneminae">Tarsoneminae</taxonomicName>
is difficult to resolve at such an early stage. Nevertheless, the most acceptable hypothesis might be that 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9392B6F879D580F806" authorityName="Mondal &amp; Karmakar" authorityYear="2021" box="[995,1197,1951,1976]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Bongotarsonemus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9392B6F879D580F806" box="[995,1197,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Bongotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
evolved as a derived group within the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9390CDF825D309F863" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1877" box="[408,548,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tarsonemini">Tarsonemini</taxonomicName>
with immediate kin taxa proposed as 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF93928CF825D572F862" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[985,1119,1987,2012]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF93928CF825D572F862" box="[985,1119,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBDFF9395CCF825D479F862" authorityName="Beer" authorityYear="1954" box="[1177,1364,1987,2012]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Xenotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBDFF9395CCF825D479F862" box="[1177,1364,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Xenotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the above discussion and the probable phylogenetic position of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBCFF9292F0FF71D506FF0E" authorityName="Canestrini &amp; Fanzago" authorityYear="1876" box="[933,1067,151,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Tarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBCFF9292F0FF71D506FF0E" box="[933,1067,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Tarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
suggested by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBCFF929580FF71D4B5FF0C" author="Lindquist E. E." box="[1237,1432,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" pagination="1 - 517" refId="ref10075" refString="Lindquist E. E. (1986) The world genera of Tarsonemidae (Acari: Heterostigmata): a morphological, phylogenetic, and systematic revision, with a reclassification of family-group taxa in the Heterostigmata. The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 118, 1 - 517." type="journal article" year="1986">Lindquist (1986)</bibRefCitation>
. Considering the dorsal ornamentation of female and leg chaetotaxy of both sexes, the new genus could be a sister group of the genera complex 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBCFF92935DFF39D3EEFF46" authorityName="Attiah" authorityYear="1970" box="[520,707,223,248]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Metatarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBCFF92935DFF39D3EEFF46" box="[520,707,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Metatarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+ 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBCFF929387FF39D282FF47" authorityName="De Leon" authorityYear="1956" box="[722,943,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Daidalotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBCFF929387FF39D282FF47" box="[722,943,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Daidalotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+ 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBCFF9292EAFF39D5A3FF47" authorityName="De Leon" authorityYear="1956" box="[959,1166,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Ceratotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBCFF9292EAFF39D5A3FF47" box="[959,1166,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Ceratotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+ 
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D34FFBCFF9295CBFF39D45BFF47" authorityName=", Rhyncotarsonemus Beer" authorityYear="1954" box="[1182,1398,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Tarsonemidae" genus="Excelsotarsonemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBCFF9295CBFF39D45BFF47" box="[1182,1398,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Excelsotarsonemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as suggested by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B46FFBCFF929065FEE5D339FEA3" author="Lofego, A. C. &amp; Cavalcante, A. C. C. &amp; Demite, P. R. &amp; Rezende, J. M. &amp; Ochoa, R. &amp; Moraes, G. J. De" box="[304,532,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" pagination="307 - 329" refId="ref10169" refString="Lofego, A. C., Cavalcante, A. C. C., Demite, P. R., Rezende, J. M., Ochoa, R. &amp; Moraes, G. J. De (2019) Reinstatement of Metatarsonemus Attiah (Acari: Tarsonemidae), with description of a new species, redefinition of the genus and a key to the world species. Zootaxa, 4711 (2), 307 - 329. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4711.2.5" type="journal article" year="2019">
Lofego 
<emphasis id="B91BEAA5FFBCFF9290D2FEE5D094FEA3" box="[391,441,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">et al</emphasis>
. (2019)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</subSection>
</treatment>
</document>