142 lines
14 KiB
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142 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="E0BFFA3D36557BD1EC760A4B32C89B6E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5351508" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5351508" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630206133952" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Polhemus, Dan A. & Polhemus, John T." docDate="2013" docId="03C6879C1031731FFF12FAC7DE64ABBF" docLanguage="en" docName="61rbz025-045.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C6443723295B2E4C6F22B9B23F08089C.5:RafflesBZool.2006-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="C6443723295B2E4C6F22B9B23F08089C" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2006-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Lethocerus Mayr 1853" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFFFFFE41030731EFFF9FFFADF15AD0A" masterDocTitle="Guide To The Aquatic Heteroptera Of Singapore And Peninsular Malaysia. X. Infraorder Nepomorpha-Famlies Belostomatidae And Nepidae" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1699184916004" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EE7CB49B18CAE6F1022193086C44546A">
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<mods:title id="C9DD63294901AD396150653FFC6555C8">Guide To The Aquatic Heteroptera Of Singapore And Peninsular Malaysia. X. Infraorder Nepomorpha-Famlies Belostomatidae And Nepidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5A80896467FB7FA0C9677A553053A12F">Polhemus, Dan A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="355778FE67F1CF79C9466855E45F637A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1CE80F74FBE729DB695161573AF25D87">Polhemus, John T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CC84667F586850CA480E3635D261B1C4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BE24314B8079F8BECE623CA3B6DC5892">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="6A49C1872B5D18C7DA375881B717D286">
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<mods:date id="CF449D14BE4827529192F43E8C6D52E6">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A10A89654EA405B52FE09234DD52E2D4">2013-02-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="507464172051A3B2C6FFB5D353022F49" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C7943A183822D22C295B62C5889B9C96">61</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E1688FC9D7A68C0163DBDF33BDCD4EA0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5351508</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4FCDD53CF9571C15749FD70101A3BB0B" type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="379B978006CAE68D63D7F52645E65A4B" type="Zenodo-Dep">5351508</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C6879C1031731FFF12FAC7DE64ABBF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C6879C1031731FFF12FAC7DE64ABBF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C6879C1031731FFF12FAC7DE64ABBF" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="C37565011031731FFF12FAC7DD62A85F" box="[235,631,1341,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD0368A1031731FFF12FAC7DD62A85F" blockId="1.[235,631,1341,1365]" box="[235,631,1341,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<heading id="D09881E61031731FFF12FAC7DD62A85F" bold="true" box="[235,631,1341,1365]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFF12FAC7DD62A85F" bold="true" box="[235,631,1341,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D091031731FFEC5FAC7DD62A85F" ID-CoL="5DPG" authority="Mayr, 1853" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1853" box="[316,631,1341,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Belostomatidae" genus="Lethocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFEC5FAC7DEFBA85F" bold="true" box="[316,494,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">LETHOCERUS</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B7B1031731FFE0FFAC7DD62A85F" author="Mayr, G" box="[502,631,1341,1365]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" pagination="14 - 18" refId="ref19711" refString="Mayr, G. L., 1853. Zwei neue Wanzen aus Kordofan. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich Koniglichen Zoologish-Botanischen Vereins in Wien, 2: 14 - 18." type="journal article" year="1853">Mayr, 1853</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37565011031731FFCD4FF47DB74AC9F" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD0368A1031731FFCD4FF47DB74AC9F" blockId="1.[813,1458,189,405]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFCD4FF47DCB4ADDF" bold="true" box="[813,929,189,213]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFCD4FF47DC8EADDF" bold="true" box="[813,923,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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— Body elongate elliptical (
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<figureCitation id="13542A0F1031731FFB2AFF47DA05ADDF" box="[1235,1296,189,213]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[812,847,2061,2083]" captionTargetBox="[812,1453,1071,2039]" captionTargetId="figure-368@1.[812,1454,1068,2039]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Lethocerus indicus (Lepeletier & Serville), male, specimen from Laos, Vientiane Prov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5351510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5351510/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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), length 64.0– 80.0 mm; maximum width 23.5–29.7 mm. Colouration light chestnut brown with darker markings at muscle attachment scars; pronotum bearing two wide, pale, anteriorly diverging stripes (
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<figureCitation id="13542A0F1031731FFC86FEC7DCA8AC5F" box="[895,957,317,341]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[812,847,2061,2083]" captionTargetBox="[812,1453,1071,2039]" captionTargetId="figure-368@1.[812,1454,1068,2039]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Lethocerus indicus (Lepeletier & Serville), male, specimen from Laos, Vientiane Prov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5351510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5351510/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Head with eyes parallel, interoculus carinate. Legs with fore femur 20% wider than hind femur, outer margin of hind tibia arcuate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37565011031731FFCD4FE46DCDBAF7F" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BD0368A1031731FFCD4FE46DCDBAF7F" blockId="1.[813,1452,444,629]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFCD4FE46DCA3ACDF" bold="true" box="[813,950,444,469]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFCD4FE46DCA5ACDF" bold="true" box="[813,944,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Distribution</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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— Originally described from “indes orientales”, with subsequent records from
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFB79FE27DBD6ACFF" box="[1152,1219,477,501]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">China</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFB28FE24DA00ACFF" box="[1233,1301,478,501]" name="South Korea" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Korea</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFADAFE24DAB2ACFC" box="[1315,1447,478,502]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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, the Ryukyu Islands,
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFBD6FE04DB94AF1F" box="[1071,1153,510,533]" name="Myanmar" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Burma</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFB6BFE07DBEAAF1F" box="[1170,1279,509,533]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFAE9FE07DA62AF1F" box="[1296,1399,509,533]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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, the
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFCD4FDE7DCBFAF3F" box="[813,938,541,565]" name="Philippines" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Sulawesi,
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFACEFDE7DAB2AF3F" box="[1335,1447,541,565]" name="Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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, and Peninsular
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFC2AFDC7DB20AF5F" box="[979,1077,573,597]" name="Malaysia" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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(Fernando & Cheng, 1974; Nieser & Chen,1999).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37565011031731FFCD4FD67DE64ABBF" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD0368A1031731FFCD4FD67DE64ABBF" blockId="1.[813,1452,669,1013]" lastBlockId="1.[114,753,1405,1717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFCD4FD67DCB8AFBF" bold="true" box="[813,941,669,693]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFCD4FD67DCB3AFBF" bold="true" box="[813,934,669,693]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Discussion</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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— With a body length exceeding
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<quantity id="4C979B6F1031731FFACFFD67DA92AFBF" box="[1334,1415,669,693]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D091031731FFA6FFD64DC6FAFDF" class="Insecta" family="Belostomatidae" genus="Lethocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFA6FFD64DAB0AFBF" box="[1430,1445,670,693]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">L</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFCD4FD44DC6FAFDF" box="[813,890,702,725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">indicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is by far the largest species of aquatic Heteroptera known to occur in
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFBF6FD27DB94AFFF" box="[1039,1153,733,757]" name="Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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and adjacent Peninsular
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFCD4FD07DC84AE1F" box="[813,913,765,789]" name="Malaysia" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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. In addition to the
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFBB6FD07DBAFAE1F" box="[1103,1210,765,789]" name="Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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specimen listed above, which may have been introduced by air transport, we have seen two Peninsular Malaysian specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D091031731FFAC3FCC4DABEAE5F" box="[1338,1451,830,853]" class="Insecta" family="Belostomatidae" genus="Lethocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFAC3FCC4DA5CAE5F" box="[1338,1353,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">L</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFAA2FCC4DABEAE5F" box="[1371,1451,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">indicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with minimal data from the states of Kedah and Selangor. Fernando & Cheng (1974) also reported light trap captures from Selangor, Perak and Kedah, although we have not examined these specimens. Overall, collections of this species in
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFCB0FC27DCA0AEFF" box="[841,949,989,1013]" name="Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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and Peninsular
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<collectingCountry id="F378761A1031731FFB9BFC27DBD1AEFF" box="[1122,1220,989,1013]" name="Malaysia" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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are strikingly limited
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFF8BFA87DFF6A89F" bold="true" box="[114,227,1405,1429]" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA981031731FFF8BFA87DFC9A89F" bold="true" box="[114,220,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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— Very large belostomatids, body length exceeding
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<quantity id="4C979B6F1031731FFF8BFA67DFA8A8BF" box="[114,189,1437,1461]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
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. Head width more than twice the maximum interocular width (
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<figureCitation id="13542A0F1031731FFF44FA47DFE9A8DF" box="[189,252,1469,1493]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[812,847,2061,2083]" captionTargetBox="[812,1453,1071,2039]" captionTargetId="figure-368@1.[812,1454,1068,2039]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Lethocerus indicus (Lepeletier & Serville), male, specimen from Laos, Vientiane Prov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5351510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5351510/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="26">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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); clypeal suture only slightly indicated, nearly absent. Pronotum with lateral expansions, anterior margin relatively straight. Fore trochanter bearing a pit; fore femur bearing three pads, the outer pair symmetrical and wider than the single inner; tarsomere II of foreleg shorter than tarsomere III; anterior tarsi bearing single claw. Abdomen with parasternites II and III narrower than IV, their external margins nearly straight.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |