331 lines
40 KiB
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331 lines
40 KiB
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<mods:title id="88647795F7563F3A7F48127B042DEDBC">Dendropaemon Perty, 1830: taxonomy, systematics and phylogeny of the morphologically most derived phanaeine genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, Phanaeini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0EE322E4938A0D3BF9C655FFC789290D">François Génier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FECCA83029BC068206B9FBB7F8201840">Patrick Arnaud</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B679D7035515C62FA500527AAE7A248B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E7858E286D2A7CC8952AB82ADB1D1A6A">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C68782F023FFB5FF42FB24FD97F80D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5780350" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127632001" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5780350" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C68782F023FFB5FF42FB24FD97F80D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C68782F023FFB5FF42FB24FD97F80D" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<subSubSection id="C375651FF023FFB6FF42FB24FC42FB33" box="[151,932,1225,1251]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB6FF42FB24FC42FB33" blockId="65.[151,932,1225,1285]" box="[151,932,1225,1251]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<heading id="D09881F8F023FFB6FF42FB24FC42FB33" bold="true" box="[151,932,1225,1251]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42FB24FC42FB33" bold="true" box="[151,932,1225,1251]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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33.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF16FB24FC42FB33" ID-CoL="34R2Y" authority="Waterhouse, 1891" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1891" box="[195,932,1225,1251]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens" subGenus="Rutilopaemon">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF16FB24FD5BFB33" bold="true" box="[195,701,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropaemon (Rutilopaemon) refulgens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FD11FB24FC42FB33" author="Waterhouse" box="[708,932,1225,1251]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Waterhouse, C. O. (1891) New Scarabaeidae in the British Museum: a Fifth Contribution. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Sixth Series, 8 (43), 53 - 61. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939109460388" type="journal article" year="1891">Waterhouse, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C375651FF023FFB6FF42FB01FE4DFAD5" box="[151,427,1260,1285]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB6FF42FB01FE4DFAD5" blockId="65.[151,932,1225,1285]" box="[151,427,1260,1285]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13542A11F023FFB6FF4AFB01FF1AFAD4" box="[159,252,1260,1285]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 36" captionStartId="104.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[266,1316,210,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@104.[251,1336,193,1937]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 36. Dorsal habitus. 31. D. ganglbaueri, male holotype; 32. D. vazdemelloi, male holotype; 33. D. refulgens, male holotype; 34. D. fractipes, male holotype; 35. D. fasces, male lectotype; 36. D. haroldi, male lectotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268280/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Figs. 33</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13542A11F023FFB6FEDDFB01FED2FAD4" box="[264,308,1260,1284]" captionStart="FIGURES 126 – 133" captionStartId="114.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[221,1363,201,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@114.[211,1376,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURES 126 – 133. Metatarsus, ventral view. 126. D. ganglbaueri, holotype; 127. D. vazdemelloi, holotype; 128. D. refulgens, holotype; 129. D. fractipes; 130. D. fasces; 131. D. nitidicollis; 132. D. quadratus; 133. D. denticollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268284/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">128</figureCitation>
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||
,
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<figureCitation id="13542A11F023FFB6FE95FB01FE8AFAD4" box="[320,364,1260,1284]" captionStart="FIGURES 134 – 154" captionStartId="115.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[216,1361,200,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@115.[210,1372,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="115" captionText="FIGURES 134 – 154. Primary type labels. 134. D. hirticollis; 135. D. pauliani; 136. D. renatii; 137. D. ater; 138. D. piceus; 139: D. telephus; 140. D. viridis; 141. D. viridipennis. 142. D. convexus; 143. D. fredericki; 144. D. angustipennis; 145. D. bahianus; 146. D. amyntas (= D. attalus); 147. D. ganglbaueri; 148. D. refulgens; 149. D. fractipes; 150. D. fasces; 151. D. haroldi; 152. D. nitidicollis; 153. D. quadratus; 154. D. similis; 155. D. denticollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268285/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">147</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13542A11F023FFB6FEADFB01FE45FAD5" box="[376,419,1260,1285]" captionStart="FIGURE 160" captionStartId="120.[151,250,1345,1367]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,193,1323]" captionTargetId="figure@120.[150,1437,193,1324]" captionTargetPageId="120" captionText="FIGURE 160. Known distribution of D. refulgens, D. fractipes, D. fasces, D. haroldi, D. nitidicollis, D. quadratus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268290/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">160</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C375651FF023FFB6FF42FAD9FCBFF9AC" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB6FF42FAD9FCD6FAB8" blockId="65.[151,1188,1332,1660]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42FAD9FDA7FA99" authority="Waterhouse 1891" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,577,1332,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Anthribidae" genus="Dendropemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
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<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42FAD9FE6CFA9A" box="[151,394,1332,1354]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropemon refulgens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FE44FAD9FDA7FA99" author="Waterhouse" box="[401,577,1332,1354]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Waterhouse, C. O. (1891) New Scarabaeidae in the British Museum: a Fifth Contribution. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Sixth Series, 8 (43), 53 - 61. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939109460388" type="journal article" year="1891">
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Waterhouse
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<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FDDBFAD9FDA7FA99" bold="true" box="[526,577,1332,1353]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">1891</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD98FAD9FCC6FA9A" box="[589,800,1332,1354]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Ann. Mag.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FD68FAD8FD03FA9A" box="[701,741,1333,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Nat" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nat</taxonomicName>
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. Hist.
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</emphasis>
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6 8: 56 (original description)
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<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42FABFFDEFFAB7" authority="Gillet 1911" authorityName="Gillet" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,521,1362,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Anthribidae" genus="Dendropemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
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||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42FABFFE6CFAB8" box="[151,394,1362,1384]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropemon refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FE4DFABFFDEFFAB7" author="Gillet" box="[408,521,1362,1384]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Gillet, J. J. E. (1911) Coleopterorum Catalogus, Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I. Vol. 38. W Junk, Berlin, 263 pp." type="book" year="1911">
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Gillet
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<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FE0DFABFFDEFFAB7" bold="true" box="[472,521,1362,1383]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">1911</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FDC0FABFFD94FAB8" box="[533,626,1362,1384]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Col. Cat.</emphasis>
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38: 88 (catalogue)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB6FF42FA9CFC9EFA57" blockId="65.[151,1188,1332,1660]" box="[151,888,1393,1415]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42FA9CFDA2FA56" ID-CoL="34R2Y" authority="Olsoufieff 1924" authorityName="Olsoufieff" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,580,1393,1415]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
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||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42FA9CFE71FA57" box="[151,407,1393,1415]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropaemon refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FE71FA9CFDA2FA56" author="Olsoufieff" box="[420,580,1393,1415]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Olsoufieff, G. d' (1924) Les Phanaeides (Coleoptera-Lamellicornia), Famille Scarabaeidae-Tr. Coprini. Insecta, 13, 4 - 172, 15 pls." type="journal article" year="1924">
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||
Olsoufieff
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||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FDC7FA9CFDA2FA56" bold="true" box="[530,580,1393,1414]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">1924</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD84FA9FFD7CFA57" box="[593,666,1394,1415]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Insecta</emphasis>
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13: 125 (monograph)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB6FF42FA7DFC7DF9EF" blockId="65.[151,1188,1332,1660]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42FA7DFE71FA76" ID-CoL="34R2Y" box="[151,407,1424,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42FA7DFE71FA76" box="[151,407,1424,1446]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropaemon refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FE71FA7DFD93FA75" ID-CoL="34R2Y" authority="Blut 1939" authorityName="Blut" authorityYear="1939" box="[420,629,1424,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
|
||
refulgens:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FDDAFA7DFD93FA75" author="Blut" box="[527,629,1424,1446]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Blut, H. (1939) Beitrag zur Verbreitung und Systematik der Gattung Dendropaemon. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, N. F., 8, 263 - 300." type="journal article" year="1939">
|
||
Blut
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD97FA7DFD93FA75" bold="true" box="[578,629,1424,1445]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">1939</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD54FA7DFCEAFA76" box="[641,780,1424,1446]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Arch. Naturg.</emphasis>
|
||
(N.F.) 8: 271 (monograph)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42FA43FDB7FA14" authority="Blackwelder 1944" authorityName="Blackwelder" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,593,1454,1476]" class="Insecta" family="Anthribidae" genus="Dendropemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42FA43FE6CFA14" box="[151,394,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropemon refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FE4DFA43FDB7FA14" author="Blackwelder" box="[408,593,1454,1476]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin, 185, 189 - 341. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185.2" type="journal article" year="1944">
|
||
Blackwelder
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FDCBFA42FDB7FA14" bold="true" box="[542,593,1455,1476]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">1944</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD88FA42FCCCFA14" box="[605,810,1454,1477]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3787604F023FFB6FD88FA42FD6FFA14" box="[605,649,1455,1476]" name="United States of America" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FD5AFA5DFD51FA15" box="[655,695,1456,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Nat" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nat</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Mus. Bull.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
185: 211 (checklist)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42FA20FDD6FA32" authority="Edmonds 1972" authorityName="Edmonds" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,560,1485,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Anthribidae" genus="Dendropemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42FA20FE6CFA33" box="[151,394,1485,1507]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropemon refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FE4DFA20FDD6FA32" author="Edmonds" box="[408,560,1485,1507]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Edmonds, W. D. (1972) Comparative Skeletal Morphology, Systematics and Evolution of the Phanaeine Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 49 (11), 731 - 874." type="journal article" year="1972">
|
||
Edmonds
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FE28FA20FDD6FA32" bold="true" box="[509,560,1485,1506]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">1972</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FDE8FA23FCC6FA33" box="[573,800,1485,1507]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Univ. Kansas Sc. Bull.</emphasis>
|
||
49: 851 (comment taxonomy)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42FA01FD32F9D1" ID-CoL="34R2Y" authority="Martinez & Clavijo 1990" authorityName="Martinez & Clavijo" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,724,1516,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens" subGenus="Dendropaemon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42FA01FE20F9D2" box="[151,454,1516,1538]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropaemon (D.) refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FE01FA01FD32F9D1" author="Martinez" box="[468,724,1516,1538]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Martinez, A. & Clavijo, J. (1990) Notas sobre Phanaeina Venezolanos, con descripcion de una nueva subespecie de Diabroctis (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Coprini). Boletin de Entomologia Venezolana, Nueva Seria, 5 (20) 147 - 157." type="journal article" year="1990">
|
||
Martínez & Clavijo
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD74FA01FD32F9D1" bold="true" box="[673,724,1516,1537]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">1990</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD35FA01FC7AF9D1" box="[736,924,1516,1538]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Bol. Ent. Ven. N.S.</emphasis>
|
||
5: 155 (misidentification)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42F9E7FE1CF9F0" ID-CoL="34R2Y" box="[151,506,1546,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="refulgens" subSpecies="refulgens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42F9E7FE1CF9F0" box="[151,506,1546,1568]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropaemon refulgens refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Vaz-de-Mello
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD4CF9E7FD2AF9CF" bold="true" box="[665,716,1546,1567]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">2000</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD0CF9E6FC7CF9F0" box="[729,922,1547,1568]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Hac. Proy. CYTED</emphasis>
|
||
: 192 (faunistic)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42F9C4FDC9F9EE" ID-CoL="34R2Y" authority="Escobar 2000" authorityName="Escobar" authorityYear="2000" box="[151,559,1577,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42F9C4FE71F9EF" box="[151,407,1577,1599]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropaemon refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FE71F9C4FDC9F9EE" author="Escobar" box="[420,559,1577,1599]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Escobar, F. (2000) Diversidad y Distribution de los escarabajos del estiercol (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia. In: Martin-Piera, F., Morrone, J. J. & Melic, A. (Eds.), Hacia un Proyecto CYTED para el Inventario y Estimacion de la Diversidad Entomologica en Iberoamerica: PrIBES- 2000. Monografia Tercer Milenio. Vol. 1. Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, Zaragoza, pp. 197 - 210." type="book" year="2000">
|
||
Escobar
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FE29F9C4FDC9F9EE" bold="true" box="[508,559,1577,1598]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">2000</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FDEEF9C7FD3EF9EF" box="[571,728,1577,1599]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Mon. Terc. Mil.</emphasis>
|
||
<date id="FFD11054F023FFB6FD0BF9C7FD1DF9EF" box="[734,763,1577,1599]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">I 1</date>
|
||
: 208 (faunistic)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB6FF42F9A5FC68F98E" blockId="65.[151,1188,1332,1660]" box="[151,910,1608,1630]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42F9A5FDBEF98D" ID-CoL="34R2Y" authority="Arnaud 2002" authorityName="Arnaud" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,600,1608,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens" subGenus="Dendropaemon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42F9A5FE20F98E" box="[151,454,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropaemon (D.) refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FE01F9A5FDBEF98D" author="Arnaud" box="[468,600,1608,1630]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Arnaud, P. (2002) Phanaeini, Dendropaemon, Tetramereia, Homalotarsus, Megatharsis, Diabroctis, Coprophanaeus, Oxysternon, Phanaeus, Sulcophanaeus. Les Coleopteres du Monde, 28. Hillside Books, Canterbury, 151 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Arnaud
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FDF3F9A5FDBEF98D" bold="true" box="[550,600,1608,1629]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">2002</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FDB0F9A5FD3BF98E" box="[613,733,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Col. Monde</emphasis>
|
||
28: 15 (mention)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB6FF42F98BFCBFF9AC" blockId="65.[151,1188,1332,1660]" box="[151,857,1638,1660]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FF42F98BFDD6F9AC" ID-CoL="34R2Y" authority="Barbosa 2008" authorityName="Barbosa" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,560,1638,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42F98BFE71F9AC" box="[151,407,1638,1660]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dendropaemon refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F023FFB6FE71F98BFDD6F9AC" author="Barbosa" box="[420,560,1638,1660]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refString="Barbosa Silva, F. A. (2008) Estudo da Comunidade de Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) em dois Ambientes do Refugio Ecologico Charles Darwin, Igarassu-PE. M. Sc. Thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, 79 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||
Barbosa
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FE28F98AFDD6F9AC" bold="true" box="[509,560,1639,1660]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">2008</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FDE8F98AFD58F9AC" box="[573,702,1639,1660]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Comm. Scar.</emphasis>
|
||
: 64 (comment)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C375651FF023FFB6FF42F944FE54F912" box="[151,434,1705,1730]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB6FF42F944FE54F912" blockId="65.[151,1436,1705,2018]" box="[151,434,1705,1730]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF42F944FECBF912" bold="true" box="[151,301,1705,1730]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F023FFB6FF42F944FF34F912" box="[151,210,1705,1730]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Cayennae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C375651FF023FFB6FF12F920FC3FF8FE" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB6FF12F920FC3FF8FE" blockId="65.[151,1436,1705,2018]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF12F920FEA7F935" bold="true" box="[199,321,1741,1766]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The large size (
|
||
<quantity id="4C979B71F023FFB6FDD4F920FD88F936" box="[513,622,1741,1766]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="17.5">17.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), rather thick body combined with the dorsum red metallic sheen, the slender metatibia which is glossy between punctures in anterior view and the very long pilosity of abdominal sternites 3–6 will separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F023FFB6FE14F8FBFDADF8FE" box="[449,587,1813,1838]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FE14F8FBFDADF8FE" box="[449,587,1813,1838]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">D. refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all other species in the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C375651FF023FFB5FF12F8D4FC21F96D" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F023FFB5FF12F8D4FBF8F9D8" blockId="65.[151,1436,1705,2018]" lastBlockId="66.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FF12F8D4FEB7F882" bold="true" box="[199,337,1849,1874]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3787604F023FFB6FEB7F8D4FE7DF882" box="[354,411,1849,1874]" name="Malta" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F023FFB6FE70F8D4FDE1F882" box="[421,519,1849,1874]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13542A11F023FFB6FDCCF8D4FD89F882" box="[537,623,1849,1874]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 36" captionStartId="104.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[266,1316,210,1927]" captionTargetId="figure@104.[251,1336,193,1937]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 36. Dorsal habitus. 31. D. ganglbaueri, male holotype; 32. D. vazdemelloi, male holotype; 33. D. refulgens, male holotype; 34. D. fractipes, male holotype; 35. D. fasces, male lectotype; 36. D. haroldi, male lectotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268280/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD53F8D4FD24F882" bold="true" box="[646,706,1849,1874]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Body</emphasis>
|
||
. Body large, length
|
||
<quantity id="4C979B71F023FFB6FC64F8D4FBFFF881" box="[945,1049,1849,1874]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="17.5">17.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, maximum width 10.0 mm; body oval in dorsal view; dorsum slightly convex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FD71F8B0FD03F8A6" bold="true" box="[676,741,1885,1910]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Color</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal surface black, glossy, with red metallic sheen; head with red metallic sheen on posterior portion of clypeus, genae and frons; pronotum with red metallic sheen; elytra with uniform red metallic sheen; ventrum reddish brown to dark brown; pygidium with red metallic sheen; legs black, with faint red metallic sheen on some portions.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F023FFB6FCD0F824FCA3F832" bold="true" box="[773,837,1993,2018]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Clypeus broadly arcuate, anterior portion upturned; clypeal teeth triangular; clypeal median emargination v-shaped, clypeal edge emarginate on external side of each clypeal tooth, clypeal teeth ventral surface with a fine v-shaped carina, clypeal margin ill-defined, bordered posteriorly by a more or less regular row of punctures, clypeal surface with transverse blunt rugulae; clypeogenal suture well-defined, bluntly carinate internally; genal surface with small and blunt tubercles, transversely tumescent; clypeofrontal carina rather low, approximately 4 times wider than high, straight in dorsal view, simply carinate, clypeofrontal carina apical edge slightly sinuous medially in frontal view; eyes small in dorsal view, interocular ratio 5.6.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FE47FE82FDECFE58" bold="true" box="[402,522,367,392]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
. Pronotum transverse in dorsal view, pronotal width/length ratio 1.6; disc of pronotum finely punctate basally, punctures changing into fine blunt rugulae anterolaterally, with an ill-defined shallow longitudinal depression on posterior half; pronotal anterior margin wider and flat lateral to eyes; anterior portion with a strongly tri-sinuous carina produced into an acute tubercle medially, carina weakly defined on each side of tubercle; anterior angles surface with more or less rough and irregular fine tubercles, similar to lateral margin along posterior edge of anterior margin; lateral fossae simply rounded, concave; lateral portions strongly explanate; pronotal basal fossae ill-defined, moderately concave; posterior margin well-defined, lacking crenulation and setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FE41FD81FE06FD55" bold="true" box="[404,480,620,645]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Elytra</emphasis>
|
||
. Elytra approximately as long as wide in dorsal view, elytral combined width/length ratio 1.2; elytral base lacking distinct margin, simply convex; elytral striae 1–4 moderately wide basally and regularly tapering toward apex, ill-defined, evenly impressed throughout, elytral striae 5 similar to 4 on disc, strial punctures minute, stria 1 well-defined apically, connecting to marginal stria; interstriae strongly convex, minutely punctate throughout, surface glossy.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FD9AFD11FCF2FCC5" bold="true" box="[591,788,764,789]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Thoracic sterna</emphasis>
|
||
. Proepisternal carina absent; metasternal median lobe angularly produced anteromedially, ventral ridge ill-defined, triangular.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FC1DFCF2FBE6FCE8" bold="true" box="[968,1024,799,824]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Profemur posterior surface slightly but distinctly convex, rather coarsely punctate and glabrous internally, posterointernal margin rather thick, evenly developed, internal edge rather wide, with a contiguous row of setae along anterointernal edge and few scattered long setae on anterior half, remaining surface smooth. Protibia with four teeth on lateral edge; internal basal angle bluntly lobate; anterior surface with long aligned row of setae internally, surface glossy or feebly microsculptured between punctures; posterior surface with some well-defined punctures externally to median carina, surface between punctures finely and irregularly microsculptured, with a single interrupted setal row along lateral teeth. Mesofemur unmodified on anterointernal edge apically. Mesotibia rather slender, gradually widening toward apex in anterior view; anteroapical edge slightly sinuate in anterior view, anteroapical row of setae complete; apicoanterior edge simply sinuate, lacking deep emargination; external edge more or less rounded, with several large elongate setiferous punctures. Mesotarsus similar in shape to metatarsus, 3-segmented, first segment elongate, more than three times as long as wide at apex. Metafemur elongate, internal and lateral edges mostly parallel in ventral view, more than twice as long as wide, lacking distinct depressed area anterointernally before apex, apicoposterior edge slightly enlarged beyond tibial insertion, surface glossy, anterior surface lacking longitudinal sulcus. Metatibia rather slender, gradually widening toward apex in anterior view, anterior surface with distinct row of setae, with fine irregular punctures on a glossy surface, metatibial posterior surface convex between internal and lateral edge, glossy between punctures. Metatarsus 3-segmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13542A11F020FFB5FB5FFAB2FB09FAA8" box="[1162,1263,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURES 126 – 133" captionStartId="114.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[221,1363,201,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@114.[211,1376,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURES 126 – 133. Metatarsus, ventral view. 126. D. ganglbaueri, holotype; 127. D. vazdemelloi, holotype; 128. D. refulgens, holotype; 129. D. fractipes; 130. D. fasces; 131. D. nitidicollis; 132. D. quadratus; 133. D. denticollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268284/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
|
||
), first segment elongate, more than three time as long as wide at apex, with anterointernal carina ill-defined.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FB71FA69FA73FA4D" bold="true" box="[1188,1429,1412,1437]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Abdominal sternites</emphasis>
|
||
. Sternites 3–6 longitudinally slightly convex; sternites 4–6 with more than three unaligned row of setae laterally, narrowly glabrous medially; sternite 7 approximately longitudinally flat medially, shorter than segment 6 along midline; pygidium finely punctate on disc.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FDAFFA02FCC5F9D8" bold="true" box="[634,803,1519,1544]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3787604F020FFB5FDAFFA02FD51F9D8" box="[634,695,1519,1544]" name="Malta" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
genitalia
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Parameres unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F020FFB5FF12F9F9FD54F9FC" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,690,1556,1581]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FF12F9F9FE90F9FD" bold="true" box="[199,374,1556,1581]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D69FD1DF020FFB5FE5DF9F9FE35F9FD" box="[392,467,1556,1581]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
). Length:
|
||
<quantity id="4C979B71F020FFB5FD92F9F9FD48F9FC" box="[583,686,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="17.5">17.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F020FFB5FF12F9DAFC21F96D" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FF12F9DAFE57F980" bold="true" box="[199,433,1591,1616]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Primary
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F020FFB5FEEFF9DAFE8BF980" box="[314,365,1591,1616]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
|
||
data
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13542A11F020FFB5FE12F9DAFDD7F980" box="[455,561,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 134 – 154" captionStartId="115.[151,264,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[216,1361,200,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@115.[210,1372,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="115" captionText="FIGURES 134 – 154. Primary type labels. 134. D. hirticollis; 135. D. pauliani; 136. D. renatii; 137. D. ater; 138. D. piceus; 139: D. telephus; 140. D. viridis; 141. D. viridipennis. 142. D. convexus; 143. D. fredericki; 144. D. angustipennis; 145. D. bahianus; 146. D. amyntas (= D. attalus); 147. D. ganglbaueri; 148. D. refulgens; 149. D. fractipes; 150. D. fasces; 151. D. haroldi; 152. D. nitidicollis; 153. D. quadratus; 154. D. similis; 155. D. denticollis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/268285/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 147</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F020FFB5FD99F9DAFD52F980" box="[588,692,1591,1616]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male (BMNH): [
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F020FFB5FC5FF9D5FC21F980" box="[906,967,1592,1616]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
] disc with red border; [67 45]; [400.] handwritten; [Cayennae] handwritten; [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F020FFB5FD54F9B1FD13F9A5" box="[641,757,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">Refulgens</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Reiche/ Cayennae] handwritten; [
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F020FFB5FB6BF9B0FAECF9A4" box="[1214,1290,1629,1652]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
] red card; [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F020FFB5FF48F992FEA6F948" box="[157,320,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Anthribidae" genus="Dendropemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dendropemon</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F020FFB5FE86F992FE58F948" box="[339,446,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">refulgens</taxonomicName>
|
||
;/ (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F020FFB5FE0AF96DFDF3F948" box="[479,533,1664,1688]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
) Waterh.] handwritten; [WORLD/ SCARAB./ DATABASE/ WSD00016503]; [
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F020FFB5FF48F949FED5F96C" box="[157,307,1700,1724]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FE96F949FDE3F96D" box="[323,517,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Dendrop[a]emon</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6F4D17F020FFB5FDC1F949FD9CF96D" box="[532,634,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dendropaemon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refulgens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FDC1F949FD9CF96D" box="[532,634,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">refulgens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFE4B65F020FFB5FD5FF949FCB0F96C" author="Waterhouse" box="[650,854,1700,1725]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refString="Waterhouse, C. O. (1891) New Scarabaeidae in the British Museum: a Fifth Contribution. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, Sixth Series, 8 (43), 53 - 61. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939109460388" type="journal article" year="1891">Waterhouse, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] red card.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C375651FF020FFB5FF12F92AFDE4F8D5" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F020FFB5FF12F92AFD61F930" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,647,1735,1760]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FF12F92AFE4FF930" bold="true" box="[199,425,1735,1760]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
. Primary
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F020FFB5FDCDF925FDAEF930" box="[536,584,1736,1760]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
|
||
only.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F020FFB5FF12F901FDE4F8D5" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,514,1772,1797]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FF12F901FE9BF8D5" bold="true" box="[199,381,1772,1797]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Natural history</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C375651FF020FFB5FF12F8E2FD97F80D" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F020FFB5FF12F8E2FD43F8F8" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,677,1807,1832]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91BEA86F020FFB5FF12F8E2FED2F8F8" bold="true" box="[199,308,1807,1832]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Female and variation unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD03694F020FFB5FF12F8D9FD97F80D" blockId="66.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D48836F020FFB5FF2CF8D9FEBDF89D" box="[249,347,1844,1869]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is missing the left tibia and tarsus in addition to having the right tarsus damaged apically. For this reason we can only suggest that the number of segments of the mesotarsus is 3. In all other species the number of tarsal segment is always identical for the meso- and metatarsi. However, this fact can be confirmed when more material becomes available. The abdominal cavity has also been cleared and stuffed with cotton and in the process the aedeagus was unfortunately discarded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |