treatments-xml/data/03/B5/87/03B587E3FFC9EE1200F94CCBFCE5FE0F.xml
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<document id="B46C383A10DCE4CC18A46FE9753E3727" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5443.4.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11064312" ID-ZooBank="F4D19D80-3772-4F85-ACB2-6140D2F3BABB" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1714028820295" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Paz-Sedano, Sofia, Cobb, Gary, Gosliner, Terrence M. &amp; Pola, Marta" docDate="2024" docId="03B587E3FFC9EE1200F94CCBFCE5FE0F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5443.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5443 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5443.4.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bermudella lahainensis Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="530" masterDocId="FF8CFF9BFFCFEE15006E4D11FFC5FFDE" masterDocTitle="Filling gaps in the knowledge of Goniodorididae taxa (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) with description of seven new species" masterLastPageNumber="547" masterPageNumber="523" pageNumber="529" updateTime="1714029648312" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="6640499157B03D7D40EE5B16807749BF">Filling gaps in the knowledge of Goniodorididae taxa (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) with description of seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9CCE701F37AE766178D14A753D64A7AD">Paz-Sedano, Sofia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="77DDA69491285729AC8421406991D41F">Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA &amp; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC9EE1300F94CCBFE72FE2B" authority="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola, 2024" authorityName="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,439,474,501]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lahainensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1300F94CCBFE72FE2B" bold="true" box="[151,439,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Bermudella lahainensis</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1300F14CEEFEE7FDC7" box="[159,290,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[271,1316,364,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-42@2.[271,1316,364,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Living animals. A. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031). BC. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov., B. CASIZ 180297 and C. CASIZ 192539; D. Bermudella mica. E. Ceratodoris plebeia (MNCN 15.05/94478). FG. Ceratodoris trypomandyas sp. nov., F. QM MO 86033 and G. AM C. 270712. H. Murphydoris polkadotsa sp. nov. (QM MO 86038). (Photos A, FH by G. Cobb., BC by C. Pittman, D by P. Pérez, E by S. T. Huang)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064314/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Figs. 1BC</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1301404CEEFEB1FDC7" box="[302,372,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[365,1223,192,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[354,1234,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Buccal bulb and reproductive system. AB. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031), A. Buccal bulb. B. Reproductive system. CD. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. (CASIZ 199240). C. Buccal bulb. D. Reproductive system. EF. Bermudella mica (MNCN 15.05/94474). E. Buccal bulb. F. Reproductive system. GH. Bermudella plebeia (MNCN 15.05/94477). G. Buccal bulb. H. Reproductive system. IJ. Ceratodoris trypomandyas sp. nov. (QM MO 86034). I. Buccal bulb. J. Reproductive system. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; bp, buccal pump; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; oe, esophagus; op, esophageal pump; p, penis; pr, prostate; ra, radular sac; rs, receptaculum seminis; sgl, salivary gland; ud, uterine duct; va, vagina; vd, vas deferens. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064316/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">2CD</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1301114CEEFE7EFDC7" box="[383,443,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-23@4.[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs and light microscope photographs of cuticles, radulae, and penis. AF. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031). A. Detail of jaws. B. Frontal view of radula. CE. Detail of denticles of the tooth. F. Detail of penial spines. GJ. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. G. Frontal view of the radula (CASIZ 119240). H. Frontal view of half radula (CASIZ 192539). I. Detail of inner and outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 192539). J. Detail of outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 119240). Scale bars: A, B, G: 20 μm; C, H, J: 20 μm; DF, I: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064318/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">3GJ</figureCitation>
)
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Zoobank:
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC9EE1300F94F76FED0FDA1" box="[151,277,615,639]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Okenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
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sp. 2
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B04FFC9EE1301414F76FDE4FDA1" author="Pittman, C. &amp; Fiene, P." box="[303,545,615,639]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" refId="ref17533" refString="Pittman, C. &amp; Fiene, P. (2007) Okenia sp. 2. Available from: http: // seaslugsofhawaii. com / species / Okenia-sp 2 - a. html (accessed 21 February 2023)" type="url" year="2007">Pittman &amp; Fiene (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC9EE1300F94F97FEC8FD40" authorityName="Odhner" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,269,646,670]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1300F94F97FEC8FD40" box="[151,269,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Bermudella</emphasis>
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spC—
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B04FFC9EE13013A4F97FD8AFD40" author="Paz-Sedano, S. &amp; Moles, J. &amp; Smirnoff, D. &amp; Gosliner, T. M. &amp; Pola, M." box="[340,591,646,670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" pagination="107990" refId="ref17463" refString="Paz-Sedano, S., Moles, J., Smirnoff, D., Gosliner, T. M. &amp; Pola, M. (2024) A combined phylogenetic strategy illuminates the evolution of Goniodorididae nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 192, 107990. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2023.107990" type="journal article" year="2024">
Paz-Sedano
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1301BC4F96FDC3FD40" box="[466,518,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">et al.</emphasis>
(2024)
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</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CA8FFC9EE1304754E05FC57FC8C" collectingDate="2007-05-03" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="C. Pittman" county="Whaler's Village" location="Maui" municipality="Lahaina" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" specimenCode="CASIZ 174996" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBBA9E8EFFC9EE1304754E05FB0FFCF0" box="[1051,1226,788,814]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">CASIZ 174996</specimenCode>
,
<collectingCounty id="62C24E79FFC9EE1304BB4E05FA5DFCF0" box="[1237,1432,788,814]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Whalers Village</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7AC8FFFC9EE1300F94E29FF31FC8C" box="[151,244,824,850]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Lahaina</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC3602EFFC9EE1300904E29FEF9FC8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587E3FFC9EE1200F94CCBFCE5FE0F:8EC3602EFFC9EE1300904E29FEF9FC8C" box="[254,316,824,850]" county="Whaler's Village" municipality="Lahaina" name="Maui" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" stateProvince="Hawaii">Maui</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D8F817FFC9EE13012B4E29FE5CFC8C" box="[325,409,824,850]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="FFA21035FFC9EE1301CD4E29FDFDFC8C" box="[419,568,824,851]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" value="2007-05-03">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E9DDFFC9EE1301CD4E29FDFDFC8C" box="[419,568,824,851]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" value="2007-05-03">03 May 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, col. by
<collectorName id="26E95323FFC9EE1302FC4E29FCCEFC8C" box="[658,779,824,850]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">C. Pittman</collectorName>
, 95% EtOH
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B743CA8FFC9EE1303F24E29FD56FCA8" collectingDate="2008-05-25" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="C. Pittman" location="Maui" municipality="Airport Beach" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" specimenCode="CASIZ 180297" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBBA9E8EFFC9EE1303F24E29FB8CFC8C" box="[924,1097,824,850]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">CASIZ 180297</specimenCode>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC7AC8FFFC9EE13043C4E29FB36FC8C" box="[1106,1267,824,850]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Airport Beach</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC3602EFFC9EE1304934E29FAFEFC8C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587E3FFC9EE1200F94CCBFCE5FE0F:8EC3602EFFC9EE1304934E29FAFEFC8C" box="[1277,1339,824,850]" municipality="Airport Beach" name="Maui" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" stateProvince="Hawaii">Maui</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D8F817FFC9EE13052A4E29FA5DFC8C" box="[1348,1432,824,850]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="FFA21035FFC9EE1300F94E4DFEF5FCA8" box="[151,304,860,887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" value="2008-05-25">
<collectingDate id="EFE6E9DDFFC9EE1300F94E4DFEF5FCA8" box="[151,304,860,887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" value="2008-05-25">25 May 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, col. by
<collectorName id="26E95323FFC9EE1301E04E4DFDCDFCA8" box="[398,520,860,886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">C. Pittman</collectorName>
, 95% EtOH
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F5FFC9EE1300A94E91FE17FB64" blockId="6.[151,1437,716,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1300A94E91FE0CFC44" bold="true" box="[199,457,896,922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">External morphology</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1301B44E91FDA5FC44" box="[474,608,896,922]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[271,1316,364,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-42@2.[271,1316,364,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Living animals. A. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031). BC. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov., B. CASIZ 180297 and C. CASIZ 192539; D. Bermudella mica. E. Ceratodoris plebeia (MNCN 15.05/94478). FG. Ceratodoris trypomandyas sp. nov., F. QM MO 86033 and G. AM C. 270712. H. Murphydoris polkadotsa sp. nov. (QM MO 86038). (Photos A, FH by G. Cobb., BC by C. Pittman, D by P. Pérez, E by S. T. Huang)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064314/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
Figs. 1B
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1302524E91FD8FFC44" bold="true" box="[572,586,896,922]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529"></emphasis>
C
</figureCitation>
). Preserved specimens
<quantity id="4CE49B10FFC9EE1303054E91FC0FFC45" box="[875,970,896,923]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">23 mm</quantity>
in length. Body elongated, with reduced notal border bearing wide, elongated papillae. Five or six papillae on each side of body, one in front of rhinophores, one next to rhinophores, 23 between rhinophores and gill, one behind gill. Anterior and posterior papillae larger than papillae located between rhinophores and gill. Two papillae similar in shape and size located at middorsal part of body. Rhinophores nonretractile, elongated, and slender, bearing 45 lamellae each oriented to posterior part. Tips of rhinophores smooth. Rhinophoral sheaths absent. Gill composed of six thin, simple branches forming a semicircle around anus; each stalk bearing two gill branches, one middorsal stalk, one on each side. One digitiform oral tentacle on each side of mouth. Reproductive opening located on right lateral side in anterior third of body. Mantle covered by spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F5FFC9EE1300A949D5FC86FAF8" blockId="6.[151,1437,716,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1300A949D5FEA8FB00" bold="true" box="[199,365,1220,1246]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Color pattern</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE13011349D5FDC6FB00" box="[381,515,1220,1246]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[271,1316,364,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-42@2.[271,1316,364,1880]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Living animals. A. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031). BC. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov., B. CASIZ 180297 and C. CASIZ 192539; D. Bermudella mica. E. Ceratodoris plebeia (MNCN 15.05/94478). FG. Ceratodoris trypomandyas sp. nov., F. QM MO 86033 and G. AM C. 270712. H. Murphydoris polkadotsa sp. nov. (QM MO 86038). (Photos A, FH by G. Cobb., BC by C. Pittman, D by P. Pérez, E by S. T. Huang)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064314/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
Figs. 1B
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1301B149D5FE28FB00" bold="true" box="[479,493,1220,1246]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529"></emphasis>
C
</figureCitation>
). Body translucent whitish with yellow lemon patches, small white spots may be present. Papillae, oral tentacles, tips of rhinophores and gills, and tail translucent with intense white pigmentation. Base of rhinophores and gill branches with red wine patches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F5FFC9EE1300A94821FAAFF998" blockId="6.[151,1437,716,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1300A94821FE5DFA94" bold="true" box="[199,408,1328,1354]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Foregut anatomy</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1301C54821FDD5FA94" box="[427,528,1328,1354]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[365,1223,192,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[354,1234,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Buccal bulb and reproductive system. AB. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031), A. Buccal bulb. B. Reproductive system. CD. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. (CASIZ 199240). C. Buccal bulb. D. Reproductive system. EF. Bermudella mica (MNCN 15.05/94474). E. Buccal bulb. F. Reproductive system. GH. Bermudella plebeia (MNCN 15.05/94477). G. Buccal bulb. H. Reproductive system. IJ. Ceratodoris trypomandyas sp. nov. (QM MO 86034). I. Buccal bulb. J. Reproductive system. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; bp, buccal pump; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; oe, esophagus; op, esophageal pump; p, penis; pr, prostate; ra, radular sac; rs, receptaculum seminis; sgl, salivary gland; ud, uterine duct; va, vagina; vd, vas deferens. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064316/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Figs. 2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1302714821FD9BFA94" box="[543,606,1328,1354]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-23@4.[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs and light microscope photographs of cuticles, radulae, and penis. AF. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031). A. Detail of jaws. B. Frontal view of radula. CE. Detail of denticles of the tooth. F. Detail of penial spines. GJ. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. G. Frontal view of the radula (CASIZ 119240). H. Frontal view of half radula (CASIZ 192539). I. Detail of inner and outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 192539). J. Detail of outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 119240). Scale bars: A, B, G: 20 μm; C, H, J: 20 μm; DF, I: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064318/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">3GJ</figureCitation>
). Buccal bulb thick and muscular (
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1303984821FB94FA94" box="[1014,1105,1328,1354]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[365,1223,192,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[354,1234,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Buccal bulb and reproductive system. AB. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031), A. Buccal bulb. B. Reproductive system. CD. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. (CASIZ 199240). C. Buccal bulb. D. Reproductive system. EF. Bermudella mica (MNCN 15.05/94474). E. Buccal bulb. F. Reproductive system. GH. Bermudella plebeia (MNCN 15.05/94477). G. Buccal bulb. H. Reproductive system. IJ. Ceratodoris trypomandyas sp. nov. (QM MO 86034). I. Buccal bulb. J. Reproductive system. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; bp, buccal pump; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; oe, esophagus; op, esophageal pump; p, penis; pr, prostate; ra, radular sac; rs, receptaculum seminis; sgl, salivary gland; ud, uterine duct; va, vagina; vd, vas deferens. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064316/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
), with rounded, small dorsal buccal pump and ventral radular sac. Esophagus begins from buccal bulb behind buccal pump. Nervous system covers this junction. Very small salivary gland located on each side of esophagus. Esophagus continues posteriorly and inserts into digestive-hermaphroditic gland. Labial cuticle surrounds lips and expands within buccal pump. Radular formula 1619 × 1.1.0.1.1. Inner lateral tooth with single large cusp, and wide, rectangular base (
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE13057148D1FA55FA04" box="[1311,1424,1472,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-23@4.[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs and light microscope photographs of cuticles, radulae, and penis. AF. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031). A. Detail of jaws. B. Frontal view of radula. CE. Detail of denticles of the tooth. F. Detail of penial spines. GJ. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. G. Frontal view of the radula (CASIZ 119240). H. Frontal view of half radula (CASIZ 192539). I. Detail of inner and outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 192539). J. Detail of outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 119240). Scale bars: A, B, G: 20 μm; C, H, J: 20 μm; DF, I: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064318/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Fig. 3GI</figureCitation>
). Masticatory margin bearing 2224 wide, pointed denticles (
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE13035C48F5FC6AFA20" box="[818,943,1508,1534]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-23@4.[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs and light microscope photographs of cuticles, radulae, and penis. AF. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031). A. Detail of jaws. B. Frontal view of radula. CE. Detail of denticles of the tooth. F. Detail of penial spines. GJ. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. G. Frontal view of the radula (CASIZ 119240). H. Frontal view of half radula (CASIZ 192539). I. Detail of inner and outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 192539). J. Detail of outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 119240). Scale bars: A, B, G: 20 μm; C, H, J: 20 μm; DF, I: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064318/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Figs. 3GI</figureCitation>
). Denticles homogeneous along masticatory margin, except for denticles located on outermost and innermost side, being slightly smaller. Outer base ends in somewhat prominent wing. Small outer lateral tooth (
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1302814B3DFCFBF998" box="[751,830,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-23@4.[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs and light microscope photographs of cuticles, radulae, and penis. AF. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031). A. Detail of jaws. B. Frontal view of radula. CE. Detail of denticles of the tooth. F. Detail of penial spines. GJ. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. G. Frontal view of the radula (CASIZ 119240). H. Frontal view of half radula (CASIZ 192539). I. Detail of inner and outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 192539). J. Detail of outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 119240). Scale bars: A, B, G: 20 μm; C, H, J: 20 μm; DF, I: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064318/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
), rectangular with two large, thin hooks (
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1305634B3DFA99F998" box="[1293,1372,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-23@4.[332,1256,181,1832]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Scanning electron micrographs and light microscope photographs of cuticles, radulae, and penis. AF. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031). A. Detail of jaws. B. Frontal view of radula. CE. Detail of denticles of the tooth. F. Detail of penial spines. GJ. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. G. Frontal view of the radula (CASIZ 119240). H. Frontal view of half radula (CASIZ 192539). I. Detail of inner and outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 192539). J. Detail of outer lateral teeth (CASIZ 119240). Scale bars: A, B, G: 20 μm; C, H, J: 20 μm; DF, I: 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064318/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F5FFC9EE1300A94B41FC19F855" blockId="6.[151,1437,716,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1300A94B41FE07F9B4" bold="true" box="[199,450,1616,1642]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Reproductive system</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13272A70FFC9EE1301BD4B41FDEAF9B4" box="[467,559,1616,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[365,1223,192,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[354,1234,181,1776]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Buccal bulb and reproductive system. AB. Trapania franae sp. nov. (QM MO 86031), A. Buccal bulb. B. Reproductive system. CD. Bermudella lahainensis sp. nov. (CASIZ 199240). C. Buccal bulb. D. Reproductive system. EF. Bermudella mica (MNCN 15.05/94474). E. Buccal bulb. F. Reproductive system. GH. Bermudella plebeia (MNCN 15.05/94477). G. Buccal bulb. H. Reproductive system. IJ. Ceratodoris trypomandyas sp. nov. (QM MO 86034). I. Buccal bulb. J. Reproductive system. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; bp, buccal pump; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; oe, esophagus; op, esophageal pump; p, penis; pr, prostate; ra, radular sac; rs, receptaculum seminis; sgl, salivary gland; ud, uterine duct; va, vagina; vd, vas deferens. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11064316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11064316/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Reproductive system located in anterior third of body. Thin hermaphroditic duct begins at ovotestis, located inside digestive-hermaphroditic gland. Hermaphroditic duct expands into small, oval ampulla. Very short postampullary duct emerges from opposite side of ampulla and divides into two different, thin ducts. Short oviduct enters inside female gland mass. Second and longer duct connects with prostate. Prostate wide and elongated, folds, narrows and passes into a very thin, short vas deferens. Vas deferens continues and expands to ejaculatory duct. Penis with small, hooked penial spines. Vagina short and small, similar in size to vas deferens. Two longer, thin ducts arise from vagina, one connects with rounded bursa copulatrix, second duct connects with pyriform receptaculum seminis. Receptaculum seminis smaller than bursa copulatrix. Uterine duct connects with base of receptaculum seminis and enters female gland mass.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306657EFFC9EE1300A94A85FA9FF80C" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA336F5FFC9EE1300A94A85FA9FF80C" blockId="6.[151,1437,716,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1300A94A85FE8DF870" bold="true" box="[199,328,1940,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific name
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC9EE1302454A85FD73F870" authorityName="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola" authorityYear="2024" box="[555,694,1940,1966]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lahainensis">“lahainensis</taxonomicName>
” refers to the
<typeStatus id="54A78857FFC9EE13033B4A84FC40F871" box="[853,901,1941,1967]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">type</typeStatus>
locality of the species, Maui,
<collectingRegion id="49D8F817FFC9EE1304B64A85FAE9F870" box="[1240,1324,1940,1966]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
, honoring the loses of life and Hawaiian history damaged in the devastating fires that swept West Maui in recent times.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306657EFFC9EE1200A94ACDFE6CFF0B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="530" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA336F5FFC9EE1300A94ACDFA87F828" blockId="6.[151,1437,716,2039]" box="[199,1346,2012,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC9EE1300A94ACDFE9CF828" bold="true" box="[199,345,2012,2038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Distribution</emphasis>
. To date, this species is only known from
<collectingRegion id="49D8F817FFC9EE13035B4ACDFC43F828" box="[821,902,2012,2038]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="529">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B04FFC9EE1303FA4ACDFB54F828" author="Pittman, C. &amp; Fiene, P." box="[916,1169,2012,2038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="529" refId="ref17533" refString="Pittman, C. &amp; Fiene, P. (2007) Okenia sp. 2. Available from: http: // seaslugsofhawaii. com / species / Okenia-sp 2 - a. html (accessed 21 February 2023)" type="url" year="2007">Pittman &amp; Fiene 2007</bibRefCitation>
; present study).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336F5FFC8EE1200A94D86FE6CFF0B" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1200A94D86FE46FF6E" bold="true" box="[199,387,150,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Natural history</emphasis>
. The species is found in beds of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE12037E4D86FB67FF6F" authority="Vroom, 2006" authorityName="Vroom" authorityYear="2006" box="[784,1186,151,177]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Halimedaceae" genus="Halimeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="kanaloana">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE12037E4D86FC3AFF6F" box="[784,1023,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Halimeda kanaloana</emphasis>
Vroom, 2006
</taxonomicName>
, at depths over
<quantity id="4CE49B10FFC8EE12050E4D86FA59FF6F" box="[1376,1436,151,177]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B04FFC8EE1200F14DAAFE5BFF0B" author="Pittman, C. &amp; Fiene, P." box="[159,414,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" refId="ref17533" refString="Pittman, C. &amp; Fiene, P. (2007) Okenia sp. 2. Available from: http: // seaslugsofhawaii. com / species / Okenia-sp 2 - a. html (accessed 21 February 2023)" type="url" year="2007">Pittman &amp; Fiene 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C306657EFFC8EE1200A94DCEFCE5FE0F" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA336F5FFC8EE1200A94DCEFCE5FE0F" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1200A94DCEFEF1FF27" bold="true" box="[199,308,223,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE12012D4DCEFDDBFF27" box="[323,542,223,249]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE12012D4DCEFE03FF27" box="[323,454,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Bermudella</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
can be divided into two groups depending on their background color, one with brownish color and a second with colorful background (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B04FFC8EE12036B4C12FBC8FEC3" author="Paz-Sedano, S. &amp; Moles, J. &amp; Smirnoff, D. &amp; Gosliner, T. M. &amp; Pola, M." box="[773,1037,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" pagination="107990" refId="ref17463" refString="Paz-Sedano, S., Moles, J., Smirnoff, D., Gosliner, T. M. &amp; Pola, M. (2024) A combined phylogenetic strategy illuminates the evolution of Goniodorididae nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 192, 107990. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2023.107990" type="journal article" year="2024">
Paz-Sedano
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1203FC4C12FC0CFEC3" box="[914,969,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">et al.</emphasis>
2024
</bibRefCitation>
). These last colorful species usually have a pattern of lines along the body while
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE1202E44C36FCEFFE9F" authority="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola, 2024" authorityName="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola" authorityYear="2024" box="[650,810,295,321]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lahainensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1202E44C36FCEFFE9F" box="[650,810,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">B. lahainensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B579CFFC8EE12035E4C36FC4CFE9F" box="[816,905,295,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has bright patches. The most similar species to
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE1200F94C5AFEF2FEBB" authority="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola, 2024" authorityName="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,311,331,357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lahainensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1200F94C5AFEF2FEBB" box="[151,311,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">B. lahainensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B579CFFC8EE1201504C5AFE52FEBB" box="[318,407,331,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the Indo-Pacific species
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE1202A24C5AFC7CFEBB" authority="(Burn, 1967)" baseAuthorityName="Burn" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[716,953,331,357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mija">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1202A24C5AFCDBFEBA" box="[716,798,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">B. mija</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B04FFC8EE1203434C5AFC74FEBB" author="Burn, R. F." box="[813,945,331,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" pagination="52 - 57" refId="ref15375" refString="Burn, R. F. (1967) Descriptions of two new species of Okenia (Nudibranchia, Doridacea) from south-eastern Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1967, 52 - 57." type="journal article" year="1967">Burn, 1967</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Both species share the presence of yellow spots along the body. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE1201934C7EFD8BFE56" baseAuthorityName="Burn" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[509,590,367,392]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mija">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1201934C7EFD8BFE56" box="[509,590,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">B. mija</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has black specks within the yellow spots while
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE12040F4C7EFB3AFE57" authority="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola, 2024" authorityName="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola" authorityYear="2024" box="[1121,1279,367,393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lahainensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE12040F4C7EFB3AFE57" box="[1121,1279,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">B. lahainensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B579CFFC8EE12056B4C7EFA98FE57" box="[1285,1373,367,393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
lacks them (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B04FFC8EE1200B34C82FE9CFE73" author="Burn, R. F." box="[221,345,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" pagination="52 - 57" refId="ref15375" refString="Burn, R. F. (1967) Descriptions of two new species of Okenia (Nudibranchia, Doridacea) from south-eastern Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1967, 52 - 57." type="journal article" year="1967">Burn 1967</bibRefCitation>
). Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE1201864C82FDFCFE72" baseAuthorityName="Burn" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[488,569,403,428]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mija">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1201864C82FDFCFE72" box="[488,569,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">B. mija</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has nine dorsal papillae while
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE1203FE4C82FBEBFE73" authority="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola, 2024" authorityName="Paz-Sedano &amp; Cobb &amp; Gosliner &amp; Pola" authorityYear="2024" box="[912,1070,403,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lahainensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1203FE4C82FBEBFE73" box="[912,1070,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">B. lahainensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25B579CFFC8EE12045A4C82FB49FE73" box="[1076,1164,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has two. The radula and reproductive system of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D76FFC8EE1201F14CA6FE35FE0E" baseAuthorityName="Burn" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[415,496,439,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Goniodorididae" genus="Bermudella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mija">
<emphasis id="B968EAE7FFC8EE1201F14CA6FE35FE0E" box="[415,496,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">B. mija</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unknown (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B04FFC8EE1202F94CA6FCD6FE0F" author="Burn, R. F." box="[663,787,439,465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" pagination="52 - 57" refId="ref15375" refString="Burn, R. F. (1967) Descriptions of two new species of Okenia (Nudibranchia, Doridacea) from south-eastern Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1967, 52 - 57." type="journal article" year="1967">Burn 1967</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>