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<document id="D0ECF1A960E3BBB79512D4E76FF3D3A2" ID-CLB-Dataset="46391" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.278615" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f7eca13b-06ff-4573-960b-0a8a51de239d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="278615" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460386709097" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Palma, Ricardo L." docDate="2011" docId="03BFF404FFEFFFDEFF6604EBBB0378B5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03017p045.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3017" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Halipeurus atlanticus Palma, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FF868C7CFFE7FFD4FFF1021ABF2D7D29" masterDocTitle="New taxa, new synonymies and new host records in the louse genus Halipeurus (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) parasitic on petrels (Aves: Procellariiformes)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698297738009" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="A57F6C6703978BBDF3408B49E5B6FD36" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="416C238160FC7DBD0C19937DFECDA5E5">
<mods:title id="9E4B0E7761A39E68F0E2145111DF050A">New taxa, new synonymies and new host records in the louse genus Halipeurus (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) parasitic on petrels (Aves: Procellariiformes)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="B13B84B6657DF87ED8CBDA5D1D9C22E5" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7966448932A7FF9C92782190719E7477">Palma, Ricardo L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="92657BFF72BC37FCE5D897DA9AD5A535">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A3ABFD6C90680DDE693BD6583BD97C61">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="17E4A4E0F71042A0DD81FE4AC6D057CF" type="volume">
<mods:number id="AF7EABEEBEDFCFF9C2C1C5D5235A7E62">3017</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="CE6EAF1A4671283270DFD8784970A3E1">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="18BFDED092D9220F967A09B9F4AD8C9F" type="CLB-Dataset">46391</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F9A1BCDEEDC3803CAE5BF966A60E71EA" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.278615</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="83D4B94F6B20CC1262C31379684F1119" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4356D1218CB919C81B96C24C7AD0D8AE" type="Zenodo-Dep">278615</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BFF404FFEFFFDEFF6604EBBB0378B5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5678796" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119415671" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5678796" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B37B68D6-4E2D-4840-BC76-B8175E3D1C49" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BFF404FFEFFFDEFF6604EBBB0378B5" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<subSubSection id="C30C1699FFEFFFDCFF6604EBBD2F7A58" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEFFFDCFF6604EBBDBE7A23" blockId="8.[151,659,1776,1835]" box="[151,659,1776,1803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0E1F27EFFEFFFDCFF6604EBBDBE7A23" bold="true" box="[151,659,1776,1803]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEFFFDCFF6604EBBDBE7A23" bold="true" box="[151,659,1776,1803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEFFFDCFF6604EBBEDA7A23" authority="Palma" authorityName="Palma" box="[151,503,1776,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEFFFDCFF6604EBBEB37A22" bold="true" box="[151,414,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Halipeurus atlanticus</emphasis>
Palma
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251247BFFEFFFDCFDF504EABDBE7A23" box="[516,659,1776,1802]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEFFFDCFF660509BEC67A02" blockId="8.[151,659,1776,1835]" box="[151,491,1811,1835]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
(
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEFFFDCFF6E0509BFCA7A02" box="[159,231,1811,1835]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,258,853,874]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,163,818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,153,840]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 12. Male clypeal signature (hyaline margin omitted): 3, Halipeurus confusus. 4, Halipeurus pricei. 5, Halipeurus atlanticus. 6, Halipeurus pelagodromae. 7, Halipeurus pelagicus. 8, Halipeurus vincesmithi. 9, Halipeurus spadix subclavus. 10, Halipeurus raphanus. 11, Halipeurus fallacis. 12, Halipeurus nesofregettae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278617/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEFFFDCFF020509BE3C7A02" box="[243,273,1811,1835]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 19" captionStartId="8.[151,258,511,532]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,155,466]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,141,487]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 19. Female clypeal signature (hyaline margin omitted): 15, Halipeurus pricei. 16, Halipeurus atlanticus. 17, Halipeurus raphanus. 18, Halipeurus fallacis. 19, Halipeurus nesofregettae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278619/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">16</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEFFFDCFEEC0509BE4B7A02" box="[285,358,1811,1835]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 21" captionStartId="9.[151,257,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox="[211,1387,175,1978]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,127,2030]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 21. Halipeurus atlanticus: 20, habitus of male holotype. 21, habitus of female allotype. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278620/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">20–21</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEFFFDCFE800509BEA27A02" box="[369,399,1811,1835]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 33" captionStartId="13.[151,258,1957,1978]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,179,1942]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[152,1435,167,1952]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 33. Ventral view of male terminalia: 28, Halipeurus confusus. 29, Halipeurus pricei. 30, Halipeurus spadix subclavus. 31, Halipeurus atlanticus. 32, Halipeurus pelagodromae. 33, Halipeurus pelagicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278623/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">31</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEFFFDCFE6A0509BE977A02" box="[411,442,1811,1835]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStartId="25.[151,257,1855,1876]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,205,1810]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,195,1831]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. Ventral view of female terminalia: 43, Halipeurus confusus. 44, Halipeurus pricei. 45, Halipeurus spadix subclavus. 46, Halipeurus atlanticus. 47, Halipeurus pelagodromae. 48, Halipeurus pelagicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278628/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">46</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEFFFDCFE340509BECF7A02" box="[453,482,1811,1835]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 60" captionStartId="36.[151,257,1520,1541]" captionTargetBox="[157,1410,187,1519]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,179,1534]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 60. Male genitalia, dorsal view: 56, Halipeurus atlanticus. 57, Halipeurus confusus. 58, Halipeurus vincesmithi. 59, Halipeurus nesofregettae. 60, Halipeurus raphanus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278631/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">56</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEFFFDCFF660546BD2F7A58" blockId="8.[151,749,1883,1967]" box="[151,514,1883,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB06623CFFEFFFDCFF660546BD2F7A58" box="[151,514,1883,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEFFFDCFF660546BE247A5B" box="[151,265,1884,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEFFFDCFF660546BE247A5B" box="[151,265,1884,1906]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Halipeurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB76303FFEFFFDCFEC80541BED07A58" author="Hilburn" box="[313,509,1883,1905]" page="187" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEFFFDCFEC80541BEE17A58" author="Hilburn" box="[313,460,1883,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Hilburn, D. J. (1990) New records of Neuroptera, Mallophaga, and Strepsiptera from Bermuda. Florida entomologist, 73 (1), 186 - 187." type="journal article" year="1990">Hilburn, 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 187
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C1699FFEFFFDCFF660560BDC07A86" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEFFFDCFF660560BDC07A86" blockId="8.[151,749,1883,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB06623CFFEFFFDCFF660560BDC07A86" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEFFFDCFF660560BE247AB9" box="[151,265,1914,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEFFFDCFF660560BE247AB9" box="[151,265,1914,1936]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Halipeurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251247BFFEFFFDCFEFE0561BE737AB9" box="[271,350,1915,1936]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A);
<treatmentCitation id="0AB76303FFEFFFDCFE650560BD487AB9" author="Zonfrillo" box="[404,613,1914,1936]" page="327" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEFFFDCFE650560BD1F7AB9" author="Zonfrillo" box="[404,562,1914,1936]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Zonfrillo, B. (1993) Relationships of the Pterodroma petrels from the Madeira archipelago inferred from their feather lice. Boletin do Museu Municipal do Funchal, Suplemento, 2, 325 - 331." type="journal article" year="1993">Zonfrillo, 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 327
</treatmentCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEFFFDCFF660583BE247A86" box="[151,265,1945,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEFFFDCFF660583BE247A86" box="[151,265,1945,1967]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Halipeurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. GLA959;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB76303FFEFFFDCFE6B0580BD877A87" author="Hammer" box="[410,682,1945,1967]" page="1114" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEFFFDCFE6B0580BD407A87" author="Hammer" box="[410,621,1945,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Hammer, S., Brown, R. M., Bugoni, L., Palma, R. L. &amp; Hughes, J. (2010) On the origin of Halipeurus heraldicus on Round Island petrels: cophylogenetic relationships between petrels and their chewing lice. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 55, 1111 - 1120." type="journal article" year="2010">
Hammer
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEFFFDCFE090580BD097A86" box="[504,548,1945,1967]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
., 2010
</bibRefCitation>
: 1114
</treatmentCitation>
, 1116.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C1699FFEFFFDEFF6605C6BEE17DFD" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEFFFDCFF6605C6BDF27ADA" blockId="8.[151,735,2011,2036]" box="[151,735,2011,2036]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<collectionCode id="ED07DDD7FFEFFFDCFF6605C6BE1D7ADA" box="[151,304,2011,2035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<typeStatus id="54ADFBB0FFEFFFDCFF6605C6BFF07ADA" box="[151,221,2012,2035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">TYPE</typeStatus>
HOST
</collectionCode>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEFFFDCFECB05C6BDF67ADA" authority="Mathews, 1934" authorityName="Mathews" authorityYear="1934" box="[314,731,2011,2036]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEFFFDCFECB05C6BD097ADD" box="[314,548,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pterodroma madeira</emphasis>
Mathews, 1934
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF69159AFFEEFFDDFF6605D4BBD27ACD" box="[151,1279,1998,2020]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278620/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[211,1387,175,1978]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEEFFDDFF6605D4BBD27ACD" blockId="9.[151,1279,1998,2020]" box="[151,1279,1998,2020]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEEFFDDFF6605D4BE6E7ACA" bold="true" box="[151,323,1998,2019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURES 20–21</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEEFFDDFEBE05D5BD0D7ACD" box="[335,544,1999,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEEFFDDFEBE05D5BD0D7ACD" box="[335,544,1999,2020]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Halipeurus atlanticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEEFFDDFDDD05D4BD697ACA" bold="true" box="[556,580,1998,2019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">20</emphasis>
, habitus of male holotype.
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEEFFDDFCBB05D4BC4F7ACA" bold="true" box="[842,866,1998,2019]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">21</emphasis>
, habitus of female allotype. Scale = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF660282BC067D86" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,860]" box="[151,811,151,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<collectionCode id="ED07DDD7FFEDFFDEFF660282BFF07D86" box="[151,221,152,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<typeStatus id="54ADFBB0FFEDFFDEFF660282BFF07D86" box="[151,221,152,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">TYPE</typeStatus>
</collectionCode>
LOCALITY:
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFE8D028DBEF47D86" box="[380,473,151,175]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">Madeira</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F3010582FFEDFFDEFE11028DBD0A7D86" box="[480,551,151,175]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Island</collectingCountry>
, North Atlantic Ocean.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF6602A6BEE17DFD" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,860]" box="[151,460,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<typeStatus id="54ADFBB0FFEDFFDEFF6602A6BE027DFD" box="[151,303,188,212]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
:
<quantity id="4CEEE8F7FFEDFFDEFEC802A6BE467DFD" box="[313,363,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED07DDD7FFEDFFDEFE8302A6BEE57DFD" box="[370,456,188,212]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/15kb-kde6" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa - Entomology" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">MONZ</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C1699FFEDFFDEFF6602C5BFC37C16" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF6602C5BFC37C16" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
DIAGNOSIS:
<collectingCountry id="F3010582FFEDFFDEFECE02C5BE507DDE" box="[319,381,223,247]" name="Malta" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Male</collectingCountry>
: habitus as in
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEDFFDEFDD302C5BD5B7DDE" box="[546,630,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 21" captionStartId="9.[151,257,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox="[211,1387,175,1978]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,127,2030]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 21. Halipeurus atlanticus: 20, habitus of male holotype. 21, habitus of female allotype. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278620/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
; clypeal signature as in
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEDFFDEFC7D02C5BCFC7DDE" box="[908,977,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 12" captionStartId="6.[151,258,853,874]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,163,818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,153,840]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 12. Male clypeal signature (hyaline margin omitted): 3, Halipeurus confusus. 4, Halipeurus pricei. 5, Halipeurus atlanticus. 6, Halipeurus pelagodromae. 7, Halipeurus pelagicus. 8, Halipeurus vincesmithi. 9, Halipeurus spadix subclavus. 10, Halipeurus raphanus. 11, Halipeurus fallacis. 12, Halipeurus nesofregettae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278617/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
; terminalia (ventral view) as in
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEDFFDEFAB202C5BABA7DDE" box="[1347,1431,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 33" captionStartId="13.[151,258,1957,1978]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,179,1942]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[152,1435,167,1952]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 33. Ventral view of male terminalia: 28, Halipeurus confusus. 29, Halipeurus pricei. 30, Halipeurus spadix subclavus. 31, Halipeurus atlanticus. 32, Halipeurus pelagodromae. 33, Halipeurus pelagicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278623/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
; genitalia as in
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEDFFDEFECB031EBEA17C35" box="[314,396,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 60" captionStartId="36.[151,257,1520,1541]" captionTargetBox="[157,1410,187,1519]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,179,1534]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 60. Male genitalia, dorsal view: 56, Halipeurus atlanticus. 57, Halipeurus confusus. 58, Halipeurus vincesmithi. 59, Halipeurus nesofregettae. 60, Halipeurus raphanus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278631/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
. Female: habitus as in
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEDFFDEFD7D031EBDF37C35" box="[652,734,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 21" captionStartId="9.[151,257,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox="[211,1387,175,1978]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,127,2030]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 21. Halipeurus atlanticus: 20, habitus of male holotype. 21, habitus of female allotype. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278620/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
; clypeal signature as in
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEDFFDEFC1A031EBB137C35" box="[1003,1086,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 19" captionStartId="8.[151,258,511,532]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,155,466]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,141,487]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 19. Female clypeal signature (hyaline margin omitted): 15, Halipeurus pricei. 16, Halipeurus atlanticus. 17, Halipeurus raphanus. 18, Halipeurus fallacis. 19, Halipeurus nesofregettae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278619/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
; terminalia (ventral view) as in
<figureCitation id="132D5997FFEDFFDEFF66033DBFC47C16" box="[151,233,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStartId="25.[151,257,1855,1876]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,205,1810]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,195,1831]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. Ventral view of female terminalia: 43, Halipeurus confusus. 44, Halipeurus pricei. 45, Halipeurus spadix subclavus. 46, Halipeurus atlanticus. 47, Halipeurus pelagodromae. 48, Halipeurus pelagicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278628/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C1699FFEDFFDEFF660357BD5D7C4D" box="[151,624,332,356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF660357BD5D7C4D" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,860]" box="[151,624,332,356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFF660357BE147C4D" box="[151,313,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Measurements</emphasis>
of both sexes as in
<tableCitation id="C69470A9FFEDFFDEFDE70356BD447C4D" box="[534,617,332,356]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,231,622,643]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (in mm) of Halipeurus species (means; ranges in parentheses)" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C1699FFEDFFDEFF660375BD3E7E75" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF660375BEED7CF9" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
ETYMOLOGY: The species epithet
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFDC5036ABD8E7CA1" box="[564,675,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFDC5036ABD8E7CA1" box="[564,675,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">atlanticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a noun in apposition derived from the word Atlantic, referring to the ocean where the geographical ranges of the hosts of this louse are situated. MATERIAL EXAMINED
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF6603C6BFF77CDD" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,860]" box="[151,218,476,500]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<typeStatus id="54ADFBB0FFEDFFDEFF6603C6BFF77CDD" box="[151,218,476,500]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFF6603C6BFF77CDD" bold="true" box="[151,218,476,500]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Types</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF66001ABE4E7FE5" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Ex
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFF4E03E5BE977F31" bold="true" box="[191,442,511,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFF4E03E5BE9C7F31" box="[191,433,511,536]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFF4E03E5BE9C7F31" bold="true" box="[191,433,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pterodroma madeira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54ADFBB0FFEDFFDEFE3503E5BD017F3E" box="[452,556,511,535]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
3 (MONZ, AI.023873), allotype Ƥ,
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFC2D03E5BB147F3E" box="[988,1081,511,535]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">Madeira</taxonomicName>
I., North Atlantic Ocean,
<date id="FFA863D2FFEDFFDEFA9A03E5BFFF7F15" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1990-09">Sep. 1990</date>
, F. Zino (MONZ). Twenty-four
<typeStatus id="54ADFBB0FFEDFFDEFDBB003FBD987F14" box="[586,693,549,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
as follows: 23, 1Ƥ,
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFC41003EBB207F15" box="[944,1037,548,572]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">Madeira</taxonomicName>
I., North Atlantic Ocean,
<date id="FFA863D2FFEDFFDEFAB3003EBFFF7F76" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1987-05-30">30 May 1987</date>
, F. Zino (MONZ; MFMP); 13, 1Ƥ,
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFD83005DBDE27F76" box="[626,719,583,607]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">Madeira</taxonomicName>
I., North Atlantic Ocean,
<date id="FFA863D2FFEDFFDEFC0B005DBB487F76" box="[1018,1125,583,607]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1989-07">Jul. 1989</date>
, F. Zino (MONZ); 33, 2Ƥ,
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFF660076BFD97FAD" box="[151,244,620,644]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">Madeira</taxonomicName>
I., North Atlantic Ocean,
<date id="FFA863D2FFEDFFDEFDD60076BDEF7FAD" box="[551,706,620,644]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2003-04-10">10 Apr. 2003</date>
, F. Zino (MONZ; MFMP); 33, 4Ƥ,
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFB9F0076BBE67FAD" box="[1134,1227,620,644]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">Madeira</taxonomicName>
I., North Atlantic Ocean,
<date id="FFA863D2FFEDFFDEFF010095BEA07F8E" box="[240,397,655,680]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2005-04-21">21 Apr. 2005</date>
, F. Zino (MONZ; MFMP); 7Ƥ,
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFCF90095BC487F8E" box="[776,869,655,679]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">Madeira</taxonomicName>
I., North Atlantic Ocean,
<date id="FFA863D2FFEDFFDEFB6A0095BA177F8E" box="[1179,1338,655,680]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2006-05-31">31 May 2006</date>
, F. Zino (MONZ; MFMP).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF6600C2BE3D7FD9" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,860]" box="[151,272,728,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFF6600C2BE3D7FD9" bold="true" box="[151,272,728,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Non-types</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF6600E7BD3E7E75" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Ex
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFF4E00E1BDD67E3D" bold="true" box="[191,763,763,788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFF4E00E1BDDB7E3D" authority="Nichols &amp; Mowbray, 1916" authorityName="Nichols &amp; Mowbray" authorityYear="1916" box="[191,758,763,788]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahow">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFF4E00E1BEB77E3D" bold="true" box="[191,410,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pterodroma cahow</emphasis>
(Nichols &amp; Mowbray, 1916)
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
13, 1Ƥ, Inner Pier,
<collectingCountry id="F3010582FFEDFFDEFC1B00E6BB7E7E3D" box="[1002,1107,764,788]" name="Bermuda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FFA863D2FFEDFFDEFB9100E6BBD97E3D" box="[1120,1268,764,788]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1969-06-16">16 Jun. 1969</date>
(MONZ); 13, 1Ƥ, Nonsuch I.,
<collectingCountry id="F3010582FFEDFFDEFEA10105BE977E1E" box="[336,442,799,823]" name="Bermuda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FFA863D2FFEDFFDEFE350105BD717E1E" box="[452,604,799,823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1988-03-31">31 Mar. 1988</date>
, D. Wingate &amp; D. Hilburn (MONZ); 1Ƥ, Azores Is, North Atlantic Ocean,
<date id="FFA863D2FFEDFFDEFF66015FBE237E75" box="[151,270,836,860]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2003-11">Nov. 2003</date>
, B. Zonfrillo (MONZ).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C1699FFEDFFDEFF660196BB0378B5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF660196BA1779CE" blockId="10.[151,1436,908,1436]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
DISCUSSION: Morphologically,
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFDEA0196BC3E7E8D" box="[539,787,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFDEA0196BC3E7E8D" box="[539,787,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Halipeurus atlanticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is extremely similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFBC00197BFF57EEE" authority="J.C. Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="J.C. Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procellariae">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFBC00197BBCD7E8D" box="[1073,1248,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. procellariae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEDFFDEFB070196BFFD7EEE" author="Fabricius" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema Entomologiae, sistens insectorum, classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Officina Libraria Kortii, Flensburgi et Lipsiae. xxxii + 832 pp." type="book" year="1775">J.C. Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
recorded from five species of
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFDC101AABCE97EEE" authority="Price et al. 2003: 188" authorityName="Price et al." authorityPageNumber="188" authorityYear="2003" box="[560,964,943,968]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFDC101AABD987EE1" box="[560,693,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pterodroma</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEDFFDEFD3501B5BCAF7EEE" author="Price" box="[708,898,943,968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A., Palma, R. L., Johnson, K. P. &amp; Clayton, D. H. (2003) The chewing lice: world checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication 24, x + 501 pp." type="book" year="2003">
Price
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFCF701ABBC157EE1" box="[774,824,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al</emphasis>
. 2003
</bibRefCitation>
: 188)
</taxonomicName>
. Males only differ in details of the genitalia, and females are indistinguishable at present. However, molecular analysis has shown that they are not as closely related as their morphology would indicate. Values calculated as percentage sequence divergence between
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFF660607BE07791D" box="[151,298,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFF660607BE07791D" box="[151,298,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. atlanticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ex
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFEAE0607BEC8791D" box="[351,485,1052,1076]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFEAE0607BEC8791D" box="[351,485,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pt. madeira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFDD80606BC14791D" box="[553,825,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procellariae">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFDD80606BC14791D" box="[553,825,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Halipeurus procellariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ex
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFC9F0607BCC0791D" box="[878,1005,1052,1076]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lessonii">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFC9F0607BCC0791D" box="[878,1005,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pt. lessonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are 12.7–13% for the 12S gene, and 14.5% for the COI gene (Joseph Hughes pers. comm. 2007). Furthermore,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEDFFDEFC27065ABBEA797E" box="[982,1223,1087,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Hammer, S., Brown, R. M., Bugoni, L., Palma, R. L. &amp; Hughes, J. (2010) On the origin of Halipeurus heraldicus on Round Island petrels: cophylogenetic relationships between petrels and their chewing lice. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 55, 1111 - 1120." type="journal article">
Hammer
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFBCF065BBB5B7971" box="[1086,1142,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
have found that
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFA70065BBE0C7955" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procellariae">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFA70065BBE0C7955" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. procellariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFEA8067FBDF97955" authority="Timmermann, 1960" authorityName="Timmermann" authorityYear="1960" box="[345,724,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consimilis">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFEA8067FBEC37955" box="[345,494,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. consimilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEDFFDEFE07067EBDF97955" author="Timmermann" box="[502,724,1124,1148]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Timmermann, G. (1960) Gruppen-Revisionen bei Mallophagen. II. Genus Halipeurus Thompson 1936. 1. Teil: Die Halipeurus - Arten der &quot; gadfly-petrels &quot; (Genera Pterodroma und Bulweria). Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, 20, 317 - 334." type="journal article" year="1960">Timmermann, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
are sister species, and that
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFBFC067FBBB27955" box="[1037,1183,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFBFC067FBBB27955" box="[1037,1183,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. atlanticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFB21067FBBC97955" box="[1232,1252,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H</emphasis>
. sp GLA959) is sister to these two taxa. However, the phylogenetic trees in
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEDFFDEFCB40692BB1479B6" author="Hammer" box="[837,1081,1159,1184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Hammer, S., Brown, R. M., Bugoni, L., Palma, R. L. &amp; Hughes, J. (2010) On the origin of Halipeurus heraldicus on Round Island petrels: cophylogenetic relationships between petrels and their chewing lice. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 55, 1111 - 1120." type="journal article" year="2010">
Hammer
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFC410693BCC67989" box="[944,1003,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2010
</bibRefCitation>
: 1113) for this clade show that bootstrap support and Bayesian posterior probabilities are low for these relationships. Therefore, morphological data may still be showing the true relationship between
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFCF606CBBCB579C1" box="[775,920,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFCF606CBBCB579C1" box="[775,920,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. atlanticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFC3F06CBBB5779C1" box="[974,1146,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procellariae">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFC3F06CBBB5779C1" box="[974,1146,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. procellariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as sister species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA94512FFEDFFDEFF3606EFBB0378B5" blockId="10.[151,1436,908,1436]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Recent research by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEDFFDEFE5506EEBD5F7825" box="[420,626,1268,1292]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Jesus, J., Menezes, D., Gomes, S., Oliveira, P., Nogales, M. &amp; Brehm, A. (2009) Phylogenetic relationships of gadfly petrels Pterodroma spp. from the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean: molecular evidence for specific status of Bugio and Cape Verde petrels and implications for conservation. Bird Conservation International, 19, 199 - 214." type="journal article">
Jesús
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFE1606EFBD347825" box="[487,537,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al</emphasis>
. (2009)
</bibRefCitation>
on the phylogeny of the two subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFBAC06EEBFF57806" authority="Salvadori, 1899" authorityName="Salvadori" authorityYear="1899" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="feae">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFBAC06EEBA347825" box="[1117,1305,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pterodroma feae</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3010582FFEDFFDEFAD906EEBAB57825" box="[1320,1432,1268,1292]" name="El Salvador" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Salvadori</collectingCountry>
, 1899)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFEE10703BEB97819" box="[272,404,1304,1328]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFEE10703BEB97819" box="[272,404,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pt. madeira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows that these species are more closely related to each other than to other North Atlantic species such as
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFEB70727BE9B787D" box="[326,438,1340,1364]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahow">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFEB70727BE9B787D" box="[326,438,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pt. cahow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFE1D0727BC2A787D" authority="Kuhl, 1820" authorityName="Kuhl" authorityYear="1820" box="[492,775,1340,1364]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasitata">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFE1D0727BD41787D" box="[492,620,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pt. hasitata</emphasis>
(Kuhl, 1820)
</taxonomicName>
. Considering that both
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFBFA0726BFF5785E" authority="Mathews, 1934" authorityName="Mathews" authorityYear="1934" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="feae" subSpecies="deserta">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFBFA0726BA32787D" box="[1035,1311,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pterodroma feae deserta</emphasis>
(Mathews, 1934)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFEFF077BBEA27851" box="[270,399,1376,1400]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasitata">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFEFF077BBEA27851" box="[270,399,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pt. hasitata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
harbour
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFE05077ABB56785E" authority="Timmermann, 1969 (Zonfrillo 1993)" authorityName="Timmermann, 1969 (Zonfrillo" authorityYear="1993" box="[500,1147,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theresae">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFE05077ABDFA7851" box="[500,727,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Halipeurus theresae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEDFFDEFD2F0745BC96785E" author="Timmermann" box="[734,955,1375,1399]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Timmermann, G. (1969) Neue Mallophagen aus dem Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Bonner zoologische Beitrage, 20 (1 / 3), 244 - 252." type="journal article" year="1969">Timmermann, 1969</bibRefCitation>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8738E3FFEDFFDEFC3B0745BB5F785E" author="Zonfrillo" box="[970,1138,1375,1399]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Zonfrillo, B. (1993) Relationships of the Pterodroma petrels from the Madeira archipelago inferred from their feather lice. Boletin do Museu Municipal do Funchal, Suplemento, 2, 325 - 331." type="journal article" year="1993">Zonfrillo 1993</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, the presence of
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFAC6077BBFE178B5" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Halipeurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atlanticus">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFAC6077BBFE178B5" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">H. atlanticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFF07079FBE5778B5" box="[246,378,1412,1436]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeira">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFF07079FBE5778B5" box="[246,378,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pt. madeira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C163E91FFEDFFDEFE41079FBD0D78B5" box="[432,544,1412,1436]" class="Aves" family="Procellariidae" genus="Pterodroma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Procellariiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahow">
<emphasis id="B9629900FFEDFFDEFE41079FBD0D78B5" box="[432,544,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pt. cahow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is incongruent with the phylogeny of its hosts.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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