326 lines
49 KiB
XML
326 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="654F4106CA8034F6CBFD42FA8A57B1F3" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4747.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2fd5ca7b-4074-44f4-8f90-9d62c77b6ba5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3693413" ID-ZooBank="41EA4880-ACC9-41E6-8B6D-D5C7AB1A5F4A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1583137381115" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro" docDate="2020" docId="0382878DFFD2FFE847DF21E5FD318DE4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4747.1.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4747 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ixchela zapatai Valdez-Mondragón 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="FFBBFFF5FFDCFFE64748217CFF988A17" masterDocTitle="COI mtDNA barcoding and morphology for species delimitation in the spider genus Ixchela Huber (Araneae: Pholcidae), with the description of two new species from Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="54" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1698723545991" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D856FB717400605B2419488195772BEA">COI mtDNA barcoding and morphology for species delimitation in the spider genus Ixchela Huber (Araneae: Pholcidae), with the description of two new species from Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F0FE7480DB85C9CCDEBCE79C722E4D71">Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BAF355CE4E580042215A50101EEFA01A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C4E8B2E5812B55A3B368D2E7451DE0B3">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7C2B3CE1BCDB67B017D6B939276A158B">2020-03-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D3039DED34C7656CD697D53668726F2A">4747</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0382878DFFD2FFE847DF21E5FD318DE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3704119" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162367169" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3704119" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382878DFFD2FFE847DF21E5FD318DE4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0382878DFFD2FFE847DF21E5FD318DE4" pageId="14">
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<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD2FFE847DF21E5FE2D8AA3" box="[151,437,153,180]" pageId="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE847DF21E5FE2D8AA3" blockId="14.[151,905,153,245]" box="[151,437,153,180]" pageId="14">
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<heading id="D0DC81F7FFD2FFE847DF21E5FE2D8AA3" bold="true" box="[151,437,153,180]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE847DF21E5FE2D8AA3" bold="true" box="[151,437,153,180]" pageId="14">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE847DF21E5FEC88AA4" ID-CoL="943VZ" authority="Valdez-Mondragón, 2020" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragón" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,336,153,180]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zapatai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE847DF21E5FEC88AA4" bold="true" box="[151,336,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="14">Ixchela zapatai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57F2FFD2FFE8461F21E6FE2D8AA3" box="[343,437,154,180]" pageId="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD2FFE847DF21C1FC118AE2" pageId="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE847DF21C1FEA18AC0" blockId="14.[151,905,153,245]" box="[151,313,189,215]" pageId="14">
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<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE847DF21C1FEA18AC0" box="[151,313,189,215]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 14–20" captionStart-1="FIGURES 21–24" captionStartId-0="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,264,1359,1384]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1431,188,1326]" captionTargetId-0="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[151,1436,181,1333]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." captionText-1="FIGURES 21–24. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Female epigynum: 21, ventral view. 22, dorsal view. 23, frontal view. 24, lateral view. MSE: median septum of epigynum, PP: pore plates. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693425" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3693425/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figures 14‒24</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE847DF21A6FC118AE2" blockId="14.[151,905,153,245]" box="[151,905,218,245]" pageId="14">
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http://zoobank.org/
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<uuid id="FF8D0C4EFFD2FFE8463821A6FC118AE2" box="[368,905,218,245]" pageId="14">3D2B8ED6-F808-453F-AC58-2619FF77BAFD</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD2FFE847DF2042FE0D8BD4" pageId="14" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE847DF2042FE0A8BD4" blockId="14.[151,1437,317,2036]" pageId="14">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE847DF2042FEDF8B4F" bold="true" box="[151,327,317,344]" pageId="14">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B433CC6FFD2FFE846072042FCDE8B4F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2573311951" box="[335,838,317,344]" country="Mexico" pageId="14" stateProvince="Oaxaca" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE846072042FDB38B4F" box="[335,555,318,344]" italics="true" pageId="14">
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<collectingCountry id="F33C760BFFD2FFE846072042FE248B4F" box="[335,444,318,344]" name="Mexico" pageId="14">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
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||
:
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<collectingRegion id="49EFF879FFD2FFE846832042FDBD8B4F" box="[459,549,318,344]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="14">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D2DFD12FFD2FFE8457C2041FDF88B4F" box="[564,608,317,344]" pageId="14" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus id="54908839FFD2FFE845212041FD538B40" box="[617,715,317,343]" pageId="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(T-01393)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B433CC6FFD2FFE8441C2041FCEC8BB7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2573311949" collectingDate="2010-09-13" country="Mexico" pageId="14" stateProvince="Hidalgo" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount id="9D2DFD12FFD2FFE8441C2041FCE78B4F" box="[852,895,317,344]" pageId="14" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus id="54908839FFD2FFE844C02042FC708B4F" box="[904,1000,318,344]" pageId="14" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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||
(T-01394), [
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<date id="FF95105BFFD2FFE843312041FB6D8B40" box="[1145,1269,317,343]" pageId="14" value="2010-09-13">
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<collectingDate id="EFD1E9B3FFD2FFE843312041FB6D8B40" box="[1145,1269,317,343]" pageId="14" value="2010-09-13">13.ix.2010</collectingDate>
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</date>
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;
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<collectorName id="26DE534DFFD2FFE8424A2042FAEC8B40" box="[1282,1396,317,344]" pageId="14">A. Valdez</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26DE534DFFD2FFE842C92041FF6C8B6C" pageId="14">O. Francke</collectorName>
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, J.
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<collectorName id="26DE534DFFD2FFE8465E201DFED78B6C" box="[278,335,353,379]" pageId="14">Cruz</collectorName>
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, D.
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<collectorName id="26DE534DFFD2FFE84633201DFD838B6B" box="[379,539,353,380]" pageId="14">Barrales Cols.</collectorName>
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] from
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<location id="8EF46040FFD2FFE8452C201DFCFB8B6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382878DFFD2FFE847DF21E5FD318DE4:8EF46040FFD2FFE8452C201DFCFB8B6C" box="[612,867,353,380]" country="Mexico" name="2 km NE of Guadalupe" pageId="14" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
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<quantity id="4CD39B7EFFD2FFE8452C201DFD048B6C" box="[612,668,353,379]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
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||
NE of Guadalupe
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||
</location>
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||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF879FFD2FFE84421201DFC5B8B6C" box="[873,963,353,379]" country="Mexico" name="Hidalgo" pageId="14">Hidalgo</collectingRegion>
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(17.35134°, -97.62971°,
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<quantity id="4CD39B7EFFD2FFE84396201DFAAD8B6B" box="[1246,1333,353,380]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.399" pageId="14" unit="m" value="2399.0">
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<elevation id="0006D1A8FFD2FFE84396201DFAAD8B6B" box="[1246,1333,353,380]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.399" pageId="14" unit="m" value="2399.0">2399 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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),
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||
<collectorName id="26DE534DFFD2FFE84200201DFF668B88" pageId="14">Federal Highway</collectorName>
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||
125
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||
<collectorName id="26DE534DFFD2FFE8467E20FAFE2D8B88" box="[310,437,389,416]" pageId="14">N Tlaxiaco</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName id="26DE534DFFD2FFE8468820F9FD218B88" box="[448,697,389,415]" pageId="14">Municipality Tlaxiaco</collectorName>
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(day collecting)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B433CC6FFD2FFE8443620FAFE0A8BD4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2573311950" country="Mexico" pageId="14" stateProvince="Hidalgo" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54908839FFD2FFE8443620FAFC778BB7" box="[894,1007,390,416]" pageId="14" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
:
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<specimenCount id="9D2DFD12FFD2FFE844B120F9FBA28BB7" box="[1017,1082,389,416]" pageId="14" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
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||
,
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<specimenCount id="9D2DFD12FFD2FFE8430E20F9FB1E8BB7" box="[1094,1158,389,416]" pageId="14" type="female">6 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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||
,
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<specimenCount id="9D2DFD12FFD2FFE843DB20F9FA868B88" box="[1171,1310,389,415]" pageId="14" type="immature">4 immatures</specimenCount>
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(T-01395), same data as holotype
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE846D920D5FE0D8BD4" blockId="14.[151,1437,317,2036]" box="[401,405,425,451]" pageId="14">.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD2FFE8478F20B2FD9D8838" pageId="14" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE8478F20B2FD9D8838" blockId="14.[151,1437,317,2036]" pageId="14">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8478F20B2FED68BFF" bold="true" box="[199,334,462,488]" pageId="14">Etymology.</emphasis>
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This species is dedicated to Emiliano Zapata Salazar, better known as “Emiliano Zapata, el Caudillo del Sur”, a famous Mexican revolutionary who fought during the Mexican Revolution (
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<date id="FF95105BFFD2FFE84384208DFAD0881C" box="[1228,1352,497,523]" pageId="14" value="1910" valueMax="1917">1910-1917</date>
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||
) in the Central-South region of
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<collectingCountry id="F33C760BFFD2FFE846E02369FD998838" box="[424,513,533,559]" name="Mexico" pageId="14">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD2FFE8478F2345FD288980" pageId="14" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE8478F2345FD288980" blockId="14.[151,1437,317,2036]" pageId="14">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8478F2345FEDA8843" bold="true" box="[199,322,569,596]" pageId="14">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
Closely related with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE845642346FDE78844" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[556,639,570,595]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taxco">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE845642346FDE78844" box="[556,639,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. taxco</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
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<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE845C42345FD498844" box="[652,721,569,595]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1647,1672]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,179,1620]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[158,1430,179,1620]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Neighbour-Joining (NJ) with p-distances tree constructed with COI barcode sequences from different specimens and species of Ixchela. Colors in the branches indicate species, red branches + blue circles indicate the new species. Male cheliceral, male palps, and female epigyna are showed for each species to show morphological structures taxonomically important at species level. Number on branches represent Bootstrap support values (>50% significant)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693415" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693415/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE845962345FD768844" box="[734,750,569,595]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1793,1818]" captionTargetBox="[205,1385,194,1760]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[189,1398,179,1766]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood gene tree (highest log: -3749.87), constructed with COI barcode sequences of Ixchela. Colors in the branches indicate species; same colors are in the bars, which represent the different species delimitation methods used for their validation. Red branches + blue circles indicate the new species. Numbers below the bars represent the species recovered in each species delimitation method (not considering the outgroup: P. dugesi): 1: morphology (M). 2: neighbor-joining (NJ). 3: GMYC. 4: ABGD with recursive partitions (RP). 5: ABGD with initial partitions (IP). 6: bPTP with IB. 7: bPTP with ML. Numbers above branches are Bootstrap support values (>50% significant), number below are posterior probabilities (PP) support values under BI." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693417" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693417/files/figure.png" pageId="14">2</figureCitation>
|
||
), however in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE844CC2346FC748844" authority="Valdez-Mondragón, 2020" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragón" authorityYear="2020" box="[900,1004,570,595]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zapatai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE844CC2346FC748844" box="[900,1004,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. zapatai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57F2FFD2FFE844BA2346FBDF8843" box="[1010,1095,570,596]" pageId="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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the FAC are wide and rounded in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE846012321FE048860" box="[329,412,605,631]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE8457A2322FD1F8860" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[562,647,606,631]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taxco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8457A2322FD1F8860" box="[562,647,606,631]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. taxco</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are conical and curved (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD2FFE844D42321FB228860" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[924,1210,605,631]" pageId="14" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 136–138). The male palp femur in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE8463C23FEFE51888C" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[372,457,642,667]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taxco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8463C23FEFE51888C" box="[372,457,642,667]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. taxco</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a ventral conical projection (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD2FFE8447623FDFBC3888C" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[830,1115,641,667]" pageId="14" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: arrow, fig. 140), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE847DF23DAFE9888A8" authority="Valdez-Mondragón, 2020" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragón" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,256,678,703]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zapatai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE847DF23DAFE9888A8" box="[151,256,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. zapatai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57F2FFD2FFE8464F23DAFEC588D7" box="[263,349,678,704]" pageId="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
this conical projection is absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8459823D9FCCA88A8" box="[720,850,677,703]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figs 19, 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). The PAB of the male palp is wider on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE8424523DAFAED88A8" authority="Valdez-Mondragón, 2020" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragón" authorityYear="2020" box="[1293,1397,678,703]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zapatai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8424523DAFAED88A8" box="[1293,1397,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. zapatai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57F2FFD2FFE8423423DAFF5F88F3" pageId="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8479D23B5FEB088F4" box="[213,296,713,739]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE8468A23B6FD8E88F4" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[450,534,714,739]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taxco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8468A23B6FD8E88F4" box="[450,534,714,739]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. taxco</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD2FFE845DE23B5FC2B88F4" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[662,947,713,739]" pageId="14" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 141). In lateral view, the female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE8421D23B5FF51891F" authorityName="R.Wight" authorityYear="1848" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">epigynum</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE847BA2392FEC38910" authority="Valdez-Mondragón, 2020" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragón" authorityYear="2020" box="[242,347,750,775]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zapatai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE847BA2392FEC38910" box="[242,347,750,775]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. zapatai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57F2FFD2FFE8462A2392FE20891F" box="[354,440,750,776]" pageId="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has a conical apophysis, which is straight, large, and sharp apically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE843FF2391FA928910" box="[1207,1290,749,775]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–24" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1359,1384]" captionTargetBox="[158,1431,188,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,181,1333]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 21–24. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Female epigynum: 21, ventral view. 22, dorsal view. 23, frontal view. 24, lateral view. MSE: median septum of epigynum, PP: pore plates. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693425/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE847DF226EFF75893C" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,237,786,811]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taxco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE847DF226EFF75893C" box="[151,237,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. taxco</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE84657226DFE17893C" authorityName="R.Wight" authorityYear="1848" box="[287,399,785,811]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">epigynum</taxonomicName>
|
||
is conical (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD2FFE8455B226DFCA9893C" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[531,817,785,811]" pageId="14" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 145). In ventral view, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE843DA226DFA9A893C" authorityName="R.Wight" authorityYear="1848" box="[1170,1282,785,811]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">epigynum</taxonomicName>
|
||
is larger in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE842C4226EFF718958" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragón" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zapatai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE842C4226EFF718958" italics="true" pageId="14">I. zapatai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE847B02249FED18958" box="[248,329,821,847]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–24" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1359,1384]" captionTargetBox="[158,1431,188,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,181,1333]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 21–24. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Female epigynum: 21, ventral view. 22, dorsal view. 23, frontal view. 24, lateral view. MSE: median septum of epigynum, PP: pore plates. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693425/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE84691224AFDB48958" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[473,556,822,847]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taxco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE84691224AFDB48958" box="[473,556,822,847]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. taxco</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller and with a white region next to epigastric region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD2FFE8438A2249FF4B8964" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." pageId="14" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 143); in frontal view, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE8457D2225FD3D8964" authorityName="R.Wight" authorityYear="1848" box="[565,677,857,883]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">epigynum</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE845852226FCA08964" authority="Valdez-Mondragón, 2020" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragón" authorityYear="2020" box="[717,824,858,883]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zapatai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE845852226FCA08964" box="[717,824,858,883]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. zapatai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57F2FFD2FFE844092226FC028963" box="[833,922,858,884]" pageId="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is triangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE843742225FB098964" box="[1084,1169,857,883]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–24" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1359,1384]" captionTargetBox="[158,1431,188,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,181,1333]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 21–24. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Female epigynum: 21, ventral view. 22, dorsal view. 23, frontal view. 24, lateral view. MSE: median septum of epigynum, PP: pore plates. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693425/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE842632226FA198964" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1323,1409,858,883]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taxco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE842632226FA198964" box="[1323,1409,858,883]" italics="true" pageId="14">I. taxco</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is pentagonal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD2FFE846682201FDA68980" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[288,574,893,919]" pageId="14" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 142).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD2FFE8478F22DDFADC8DC7" pageId="14" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE8478F22DDFE928F98" blockId="14.[151,1437,317,2036]" pageId="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8478F22DDFDB189AB" bold="true" box="[199,553,929,956]" pageId="14">
|
||
Description. Male (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54908839FFD2FFE846E322DDFD8589AB" box="[427,541,929,956]" pageId="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8457822DEFD0589AC" box="[560,669,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="14">Prosoma:</emphasis>
|
||
carapace pale yellow, with lateral spots arc-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE843A122DDFAA489AB" box="[1257,1340,929,956]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ocular region brown, with wide brown line from ALE to fovea, and with a small brown triangular line behind PME (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8422722B9FF2E8E13" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fovea with an irregular and wide light brown mark around (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8442D2295FC208E13" box="[869,952,1001,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus light brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE843F62295FA898E13" box="[1214,1297,1001,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chelicerae light brown, pale yellow in prolateral part, FAC small and rounded, without SAC (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8430C2571FB508E30" box="[1092,1224,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figs 16, 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sternum pale orange; labium brown, pale distally. Endites brown, paler basally, white apically.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE84350254EFBD58E5C" box="[1048,1101,1074,1099]" italics="true" pageId="14">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: coxae pale orange, darker in prolateral and retrolateral parts. Trochanters pale brown, Femora pale orange, without rings. Patellae pale brown. Tibia, metatarsi and tarsi pale orange.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE845062505FD7A8E84" box="[590,738,1145,1171]" italics="true" pageId="14">Opisthosoma</emphasis>
|
||
: conical, larger than high, pale blue coloration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE842422505FA178E83" box="[1290,1423,1145,1172]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figs 14, 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Plate of genital gonopore square, gray color.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE845DF25E1FD548EA0" box="[663,716,1181,1207]" italics="true" pageId="14">Palp</emphasis>
|
||
: femur conical, slightly curved, with VAF (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE843F525E1FA8A8EA0" box="[1213,1298,1181,1207]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Procursus, long, slightly sigmoid, with VPP with long setae; curved spine distally arc-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8431F25BDFB468ECC" box="[1111,1246,1217,1243]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figs 19, 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tibia with two trichobothria, one dorsally in the middle and one distally on retrolateral part. Embolus wide and long, with spine dorso-distally and curved projection ventro-apically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE845A52475FCE98F34" box="[749,881,1289,1315]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–20" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[164,1429,189,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,181,1883]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14–20. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Male: 14–15, Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. 16, Carapace and chelicerae, frontal view. 17, Chelicerae, frontal view. 18, Chelicerae, lateral view. 19–20, Left palp, prolateral and retrolateral views, respectively. FAC, frontal apophysis of chelicerae, PAB: prolateroventral apophysis of bulb, VPP, ventrobasal protuberance of procursus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Fig. 17, 18), 1 mm (Figs 16, 19, 20), 2 mm (Figs 14, 15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693423/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figs 19, 20</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE844CD2476FBBF8F34" box="[901,1063,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="14">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
: total length 7.80. Carapace 3.00 long, 2.75 wide. Clypeus 1.10 long. Diameter AME 0.12, ALE 0.27, PME 0.20, PLE 0.26. Distance ALE-PME 0.20, PME-PME 0.29. Leg I: 45.00 (12.10+1.30+12.10+14.30+5.20), tibia II: 8.70, tibia III: 6.80, tibia IV: 9.10. Tibia I l/d: 22.00.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE8478F24E6FED38CC4" blockId="14.[151,1437,317,2036]" pageId="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8478F24E6FE0C8FA3" bold="true" box="[199,404,1433,1460]" pageId="14">Female (T-0139).</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to the male, differences:
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8445524E6FC128FA4" box="[797,906,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="14">Prosoma:</emphasis>
|
||
carapace with lateral spots arc-shaped darker brown. Irregular and wide brown mark around the fovea darker. Clypeus darker brown. Chelicerae dark brown, without apophyses. Sternum, labium and endites darker brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8442C249EFC3B8FEC" box="[868,931,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="14">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
Coxae paler orange. Trochanters and femora darker brown. Patellae brown. Tibia, metatarsi and tarsi brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE844362779FB8A8C08" box="[894,1042,1541,1567]" italics="true" pageId="14">Opisthosoma</emphasis>
|
||
: paler blue coloration.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE8426B277AFA0D8C08" authorityName="R.Wight" authorityYear="1848" box="[1315,1429,1542,1567]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8426B277AFA0D8C08" box="[1315,1429,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="14">Epigynum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: wider than long, with a conical and straight apophysis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8444E2755FC128C54" box="[774,906,1577,1603]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–24" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1359,1384]" captionTargetBox="[158,1431,188,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,181,1333]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 21–24. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Female epigynum: 21, ventral view. 22, dorsal view. 23, frontal view. 24, lateral view. MSE: median septum of epigynum, PP: pore plates. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693425/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figs 23, 24</figureCitation>
|
||
). PP wide, with MSE strongly sclerotized (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE842272755FF2F8C70" captionStart="FIGURES 21–24" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1359,1384]" captionTargetBox="[158,1431,188,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,181,1333]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 21–24. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Female epigynum: 21, ventral view. 22, dorsal view. 23, frontal view. 24, lateral view. MSE: median septum of epigynum, PP: pore plates. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693425/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oval concavities between MSE and PP long, sac-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8441C2731FC318C70" box="[852,937,1613,1639]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–24" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1359,1384]" captionTargetBox="[158,1431,188,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,181,1333]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 21–24. Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. Female epigynum: 21, ventral view. 22, dorsal view. 23, frontal view. 24, lateral view. MSE: median septum of epigynum, PP: pore plates. Scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693425/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE844F52732FBC78C70" box="[957,1119,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="14">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
: total length 9.00. Carapace 3.17 long, 3.20 wide. Clypeus 1.25 long. Diameter AME 0.13, ALE 0.28, PME 0.17, PLE 0.22. Distance ALE–PME 0.23. PME–PME 0.35. Leg I: 45.80 (11.90 + 1.40 + 12.60 + 14.50 + 5.40), tibia II: 9.00, tibia III: 7.00, tibia IV: 9.00; tibia I l/d 28.00.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE8478F27A1FE848D73" blockId="14.[151,1437,317,2036]" pageId="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8478F27A1FEA78CEF" bold="true" box="[199,319,1757,1784]" pageId="14">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The coloration is different between males and females, the females have darker coloration in body and legs than males. There is variation in the opisthosoma coloration, some specimens have opisthosoma pale blue coloration, others darker blue. Males (N = 3): tibia I: 12.10–13.00 (x = 12.46). Females (N=6): tibia I: 8.00–12.60 (x = 10.51).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE8478F2612FADC8DC7" blockId="14.[151,1437,317,2036]" pageId="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8478F2612FE148D9F" bold="true" box="[199,396,1901,1928]" pageId="14">Natural History.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimens were collected on their sheet webs in a temperate pine-oak forest at
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B7EFFD2FFE842082611FA0F8D9F" box="[1344,1431,1901,1928]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.399" pageId="14" unit="m" value="2399.0">2399 m</quantity>
|
||
, inside cavities on walls along road-cuts in wet and shaded areas covered with roots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8431926EDFB4D8DBC" box="[1105,1237,1937,1963]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–30" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1903,1928]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,438,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,425,1877]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 25–30. 25–28, Living specimens (females) of Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. from type locality. 29–30, Temperate pine-oak forest at 2399 m.a.s.l. at the type locality (red arrow indicates the microhabitat where the specimens of I. zapatai sp. nov were collected)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693427/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Figs 27, 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). This is a typical microhabitat of several species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD2FFE8455E26C9FDF08DD8" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2000" box="[534,616,1973,1999]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8455E26C9FDF08DD8" box="[534,616,1973,1999]" italics="true" pageId="14">Ixchela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD2FFE8453F26C9FC0B8DD8" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[631,915,1973,1999]" pageId="14" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD2FFE844D626C9FAA08DC7" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F." box="[926,1336,1973,2000]" pageId="14" pagination="20 - 58" refId="ref20644" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F. (2015) Phylogeny of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence (CO 1 and 16 S), with a hypothesized diversification in the Pleistocene. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175, 20 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12265" type="journal article" year="2015">Valdez-Mondragón & Francke 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD2FFE8478F26A5FD318DE4" box="[199,681,2009,2036]" pageId="14" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD2FFE8478F26A5FD318DE4" blockId="14.[151,1437,317,2036]" box="[199,681,2009,2036]" pageId="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD2FFE8478F26A5FEC18DE3" bold="true" box="[199,345,2009,2036]" pageId="14">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C760BFFD2FFE8462F26A5FE428DE4" box="[359,474,2009,2035]" name="Mexico" pageId="14">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF879FFD2FFE846AD26A5FDA18DE4" box="[485,569,2009,2035]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="14">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD2FFE8450026A5FD038DE4" box="[584,667,2009,2035]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1058,1083]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1032]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,181,1032]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 31. Type localities of Ixchela panchovillai sp. nov. (green circle) and Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. (red circle), in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693429/files/figure.png" pageId="14">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |