244 lines
16 KiB
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244 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.939.50612" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ce2a2763-3c4d-4be7-b56d-7a8c7e27608b" ID-PMC="PMC7297811" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-939-87" ID-Pensoft-UUID="DB6D50A55057576896F6AFDAE5BC9922" ID-PubMed="32577083" ID-ZooBank="B239701148884712880E1069C943AD33" ModsDocID="1313-2970-939-87" checkinTime="1591794867056" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gosik, Rafal, Skuhrovec, Jiri, Caldara, Roberto & Tosevski, Ivo" docDate="2020" docId="F8CBA579086451ACBF102571452C9C66" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 939: 87-165" docOrigin="ZooKeys 939" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.939.50612" docTitle="Mecinus Germar 1821" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="DB6D50A55057576896F6AFDAE5BC9922" lastPageNumber="87" masterDocId="DB6D50A55057576896F6AFDAE5BC9922" masterDocTitle="Immature stages of Palearctic Mecinus species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae): morphological characters diagnostic at genus and species levels" masterLastPageNumber="165" masterPageNumber="87" pageNumber="87" updateTime="1668168933079" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Immature stages of Palearctic Mecinus species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae): morphological characters diagnostic at genus and species levels</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gosik, Rafal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology and Nature Protection, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20 - 033 Lublin, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skuhrovec, Jiri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Group Function of Invertebrate and Plant Biodiversity in Agro-Ecosystems, Crop Research Institute, Prague 6 - Ruzyne, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7691-5990</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jirislavskuhrovec@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Center of Alpine Entomology, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tosevski, Ivo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, 2800 Delemont, Switzerland & Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Banatska 33, 11080, Zemun, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>939</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>87</mods:start>
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<mods:end>165</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.939.50612</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.939.50612</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-939-87</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B239701148884712880E1069C943AD33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">DB6D50A55057576896F6AFDAE5BC9922</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164500613" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8CBA579086451ACBF102571452C9C66" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F8CBA579086451ACBF102571452C9C66" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName LSID="F8CBA579-0864-51AC-BF10-2571452C9C66" authority="Germar, 1821" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mecinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecinus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecinus Germar, 1821</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Description of the mature larva</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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(L3).
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Measurements</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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(in mm). Body length: 1.66-4.75. Body width (metathorax or abdominal segments I-II) 0.37-1.25. Head width: 0.30-0.66.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Body</emphasis>
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distinctly white to yellow. Body curved, slender, rounded in cross section. Setae on body thin, in different colouration, distinctly different in length; piliform, integument often with some asperities. Prothorax slightly smaller than meso- and metathorax. Spiracle placed between the pro- and mesothorax (see e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4108.1.1" author="Gosik, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 67" refId="B21" refString="Gosik, R, Sprick, P, Skuhrovec, J, Derus, M, Hommes, M, 2016. Morphology and identification of the mature larvae of several species of the genus Otiorhynchus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae) from Central Europe with an update of life history traits. Zootaxa 4108: 1 - 67, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4108.1.1" title="Morphology and identification of the mature larvae of several species of the genus Otiorhynchus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae) from Central Europe with an update of life history traits." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4108.1.1" volume="4108" year="2016">Gosik et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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). Abdominal segments I-III(VI) of almost equal length, next abdominal segments decreasing gradually to the terminal parts of the body. Abdominal segment X reduced to three or four anal lobes of unequal size. Anus located terminally. Thoracic spiracles uni- or bicameral, eight abdominal spiracles unicameral, all spiracles functional, close to anterior margin of segment. Prothorax with eight to eleven
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prns</emphasis>
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; two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ps</emphasis>
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; and one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eus.</emphasis>
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Mesothorax with one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prs</emphasis>
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, two or three
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pds</emphasis>
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; one or two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">as</emphasis>
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; three
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ss</emphasis>
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; one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eps</emphasis>
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; one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ps</emphasis>
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; and one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eus.</emphasis>
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Chaetotaxy of metathorax almost identical to that of mesothorax. Each pedal area of thoracic segments well separated, with three to six
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pda.</emphasis>
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Abdominal segments I-VIII with one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prs</emphasis>
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; three or four
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pds</emphasis>
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; two or three
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ss</emphasis>
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; two long
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eps</emphasis>
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; one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ps</emphasis>
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; one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lsts</emphasis>
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; and two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eus.</emphasis>
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Abdominal segment IX with two to four
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ds</emphasis>
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; one or two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ps</emphasis>
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; and two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">sts.</emphasis>
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Abdominal segment X without or with up to two minute
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ts</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Head capsule</emphasis>
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yellow to pale brown, rounded or flattened laterally, endocarinal line distinct, half or more than half the length of frons. Frontal sutures extended to antennae. One or two stemmata (st), anterior stemma in the form of a pigmented spot with convex cornea. Dorsum of the epicranium with five setae;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">des1</emphasis>
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located in the central part of epicranium,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">des2</emphasis>
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lateral,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">des3</emphasis>
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located anteriorly on epicranium close to frontal suture,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">des4</emphasis>
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often medially,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">des5</emphasis>
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located anterolaterally. Frons with three to five
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs1</emphasis>
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sometimes absent,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs2</emphasis>
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absent except one exception;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs4</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs5</emphasis>
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subequal. Head with two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">les</emphasis>
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, one or two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ves</emphasis>
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, and one to five
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pes. Antennae</emphasis>
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located at the end of the frontal suture on each side, membranous and distinctly convex basal article bearing three or four sensilla and a conical sensorium, the later elongated, narrow.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Clypeus</emphasis>
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trapezium-shaped, with one or two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">cls</emphasis>
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, and one sensillum (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">clss</emphasis>
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); all very close to margin with frons. Labrum with three
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lms</emphasis>
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; anterior margin bisinuated;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lrs1</emphasis>
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placed posteromedially,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lrs2</emphasis>
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anteromedially,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lrs3</emphasis>
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posterolaterally. Epipharynx with three finger-like
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">als</emphasis>
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; with two or three
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ams</emphasis>
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; and one or two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mes</emphasis>
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; labral rods (lr) distinct, kidney-shaped. Mandibles distinctly broad, bifid, teeth of unequal height; slightly truncate; both setae piliform. Maxilla stipes with one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">stps</emphasis>
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, two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pfs</emphasis>
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and one short to minute
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mbs</emphasis>
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; mala with six or seven finger-like
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">dms</emphasis>
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; four or five
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">vms</emphasis>
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; all
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">vms</emphasis>
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distinctly shorter than
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">dms.</emphasis>
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Maxillary palpi with two palpomeres; basal palpomere with one short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mxps</emphasis>
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and two sensilla; distal palpomere with one sensillum and a group of microcuticular apical processes. Prelabium various in shape, with one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prms</emphasis>
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; ligula with sinuate margin and two or three
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ligs</emphasis>
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; premental sclerite well sclerotised but without anterior and posterior extensions, U-shaped or cup-like. Labial palpi with one or two palpomeres; each of the palpomeres with one sensillum, distal palpomere with cuticular apical processes. Postlabium with three
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pms</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pms1</emphasis>
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usually the shortest, placed anteromedially or anterolaterally,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pms2</emphasis>
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the longest, placed laterally, and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pms3</emphasis>
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short or medium, placed posterolaterally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Description of pupa.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Measurements</emphasis>
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(in mm). Head width: 0.28-0.75. Body width: 0.90-2.15. Body length: 1.20-5.00.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Body</emphasis>
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stout or elongate; normally white, but sometimes yellowish; cuticle smooth. Rostrum various in length, from two to five times as long as wide. Antennae short or elongate. Pronotum 1.1-2.2 times as wide as long. Meso- and metanotum often equal in length. Abdominal segments I-(IV)VII of equal length; segment VIII almost semicircle, segment IX distinctly reduced. Spiracles on abdominal segments placed dorsolaterally; on segments I-V functional, on segment VI atrophied on next ones invisible. Urogomphi (ur) short or elongate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
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often well developed, but sometimes almost invisible. Head capsule without or with one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">vs</emphasis>
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, without or with up to two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">sos</emphasis>
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, without or with up to two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">os</emphasis>
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. Rostrum without or with up to two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">rs</emphasis>
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, and without or with one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pas</emphasis>
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. Pronotum without or with up to two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">as</emphasis>
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, without or with one
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ds</emphasis>
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, one or two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">sls</emphasis>
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, without or with up to two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ls</emphasis>
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, and two to four
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pls.</emphasis>
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Dorsal parts of meso- and metathorax with two or three setae. Apex of femora normally with one short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fes.</emphasis>
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Abdominal segments I-VIII without or with up to two setae laterally and without or with up to three setae ventrally. Dorsal parts of abdominal segments I-VII with three to seven setae; abdominal segment VIII with three to six setae dorsally. Abdominal segment IX without or with up to four micro-setae ventrally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |