384 lines
32 KiB
XML
384 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375" ID-GBIF-Dataset="81516403-d193-4b88-9bb5-8c30a613f761" ID-PMC="PMC8417025" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1057-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CBDDDAC395895D47B663C874FC3F51F8" ID-PubMed="34552368" ID-ZooBank="F3DC6F1E27614534836B0058E835FEC0" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1057-49" checkinTime="1630079565050" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Leblanc, Luc, Tsatsia, Francis & Doorenweerd, Camiel" docDate="2021" docId="D016B3BFABC75133A17EDC86D5661ABD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1057: 49-103" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1057" docPubDate="2021-08-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375" docTitle="Bactrocera (Bactrocera) vargasi Leblanc & Doorenweerd 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="BC8E46E7-1917-412C-AF67-7A487BDEFAFE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="CBDDDAC395895D47B663C874FC3F51F8" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="CBDDDAC395895D47B663C874FC3F51F8" masterDocTitle="Novel lures and COI sequences reveal cryptic new species of Bactrocera fruit flies in the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacini)" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1668150875750" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Novel lures and COI sequences reveal cryptic new species of Bactrocera fruit flies in the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Leblanc, Luc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Idaho, Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, 875 Perimeter Drive, MS 2329, Moscow, Idaho, 83844 - 2329, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">leblancl@uidaho.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tsatsia, Francis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biosecurity Solomon Islands. Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock. P. O. Box G 13, Honiara, Solomon Islands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Doorenweerd, Camiel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0418-4439</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>University of Hawaii, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, 3050 Maile Way, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822 - 2231, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-08-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1057</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>49</mods:start>
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<mods:end>103</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1057-49</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F3DC6F1E27614534836B0058E835FEC0</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CBDDDAC395895D47B663C874FC3F51F8</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7019465" ID-GBIF-Taxon="185118013" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7019465" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BC8E46E7-1917-412C-AF67-7A487BDEFAFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D016B3BFABC75133A17EDC86D5661ABD" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/BC8E46E7-1917-412C-AF67-7A487BDEFAFE" authority="Leblanc & Doorenweerd" authorityName="Leblanc & Doorenweerd" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bactrocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bactrocera (Bactrocera) vargasi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vargasi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Bactrocera">Bactrocera (Bactrocera) vargasi Leblanc & Doorenweerd</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="49">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bactrocera vargasi sp. nov. A head B head and scutum C abdomen D male genitalia E wing F lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581778" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Fig. 16A-F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Holotype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Solomon Islands • ♂; Kolombangara, forest;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8.0563" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-8.0563">-8.0563</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="157.1320" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="157.132">157.1320</geoCoordinate>
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; 232 m; 9-13 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo046. Deposited in UHIM.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Paratypes</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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42 males. Solomon Islands • 2 ♂; Guadalcanal, forest; 4-16-iv-2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4041" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4041">-9.4041</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8628" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8628">159.8628</geoCoordinate>
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; 153 m; zingerone trap FFSo011 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4045" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4045">-9.4045</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8644" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8644">159.8644</geoCoordinate>
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; 142 m; trap FFSo012 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4048" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4048">-9.4048</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8645" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8645">159.8645</geoCoordinate>
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; 144 m; trap FFSo013 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4064" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4064">-9.4064</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8644" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8644">159.8644</geoCoordinate>
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; 167 m; trap FFSo14 • 3 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4067" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4067">-9.4067</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8647" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8647">159.8647</geoCoordinate>
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; 167 m; trap FFSo015; molecular vouchers UHIM.ms08665, UHIM.ms08666, UHIM.ms08667 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4069" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4069">-9.4069</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8664" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8664">159.8664</geoCoordinate>
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; 153 m; trap FFSo017 • 4 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4064" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4064">-9.4064</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8671" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8671">159.8671</geoCoordinate>
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; 145 m; trap FFSo018 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4059" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4059">-9.4059</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8672" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8672">159.8672</geoCoordinate>
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; 133 m; trap FFSo019 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4055" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4055">-9.4055</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8665" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8665">159.8665</geoCoordinate>
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; 145 m; trap FFSo020 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4053" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4053">-9.4053</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8664" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8664">159.8664</geoCoordinate>
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; 139 m; trap FFSo021 • 3 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4040" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.404">-9.4040</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8652" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8652">159.8652</geoCoordinate>
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; 125 m; trap FFSo023 • 3 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4038" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4038">-9.4038</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8646" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8646">159.8646</geoCoordinate>
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; 103 m; trap FFSo024 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4039" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4039">-9.4039</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8673" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8673">159.8673</geoCoordinate>
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; 103 m; trap FFSo025 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4035" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4035">-9.4035</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8681" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8681">159.8681</geoCoordinate>
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; 85 m; trap FFSo026 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.4026" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-9.4026">-9.4026</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8695" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.8695">159.8695</geoCoordinate>
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; 57 m; trap FFSo027 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9.400" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-9.4">-9.400</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="159.8700" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="159.87">159.8700</geoCoordinate>
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; 50 m; trap FFSo029 • 2 ♂; Kolombangara, forest;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8.0563" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-8.0563">-8.0563</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="157.1320" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="157.132">157.1320</geoCoordinate>
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; 232 m; 9-13 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo046 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8.0479" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-8.0479">-8.0479</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="157.1262" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="157.1262">157.1262</geoCoordinate>
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; 267 m; trap FFSo048 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8.0306" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-8.0306">-8.0306</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="157.1168" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="157.1168">157.1168</geoCoordinate>
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; 389 m; trap FFSo054 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8.0252" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-8.0252">-8.0252</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="157.1159" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="157.1159">157.1159</geoCoordinate>
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; 455 m; trap FFSo059 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8.0328" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-8.0328">-8.0328</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="157.1164" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="157.1164">157.1164</geoCoordinate>
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; 356 m; trap FFSo075 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8.0395" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-8.0395">-8.0395</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="157.1237" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="157.1237">157.1237</geoCoordinate>
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; 308 m; trap FFSo079. 29 of the paratypes are deposited at UHIM, seven at WFBM, four at USNM, and two at BSI.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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The overall appearance and specifically the wing of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. vargasi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vargasi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. vargasi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bactrocera vargasi sp. nov. A head B head and scutum C abdomen D male genitalia E wing F lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581778" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">16E</figureCitation>
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) is very similar to that of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. frauenfeldi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frauenfeldi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. frauenfeldi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Schiner) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Bactrocera frauenfeldi (Schiner) A head B head and scutum C abdomen, male D wing E lateral view, female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581779" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">17</figureCitation>
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) [Solomon Island populations],
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. trilineola" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trilineola">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. trilineola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Drew and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. parafrauenfeldi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parafrauenfeldi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. parafrauenfeldi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Drew [all three are members of the morphological
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. frauenfeldi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frauenfeldi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. frauenfeldi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex], but
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. vargasi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vargasi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. vargasi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. trilineola" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trilineola">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. trilineola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. parafrauenfeldi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parafrauenfeldi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. parafrauenfeldi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in having a nearly entirely black abdomen (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bactrocera vargasi sp. nov. A head B head and scutum C abdomen D male genitalia E wing F lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581778" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">16</figureCitation>
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), and can be separated from
|
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. frauenfeldi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frauenfeldi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. frauenfeldi</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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in lacking lateral postsutural yellow vitta.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581778" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 16.</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leblanc & Doorenweerd" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bactrocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bactrocera vargasi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vargasi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Bactrocera vargasi</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
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head
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B</emphasis>
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head and scutum
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C</emphasis>
|
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abdomen
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D</emphasis>
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male genitalia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">E</emphasis>
|
||
wing
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">F</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="molecular diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Molecular diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
We sequenced three specimens which have COI sequences closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. quasiinfulata" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quasiinfulata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. quasiinfulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Drew & Romig at 7.24% minimum pairwise distance. The maximum intraspecific distance is 1.2%. Sequences of the morphologically similar
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. frauenfeldi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frauenfeldi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. frauenfeldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. trilineola" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trilineola">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. trilineola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were also included in the reference dataset but are highly dissimilar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. vargasi" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vargasi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. vargasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with>8% pairwise distance.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Drew" authorityYear="1989" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bactrocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bactrocera parafrauenfeldi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parafrauenfeldi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Bactrocera parafrauenfeldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not included in the reference set but is presumed to be closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B. trilineola" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trilineola">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B. trilineola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Drew, RAI" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Queensland Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 521" refId="B10" refString="Drew, RAI, 1989. The tropical fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) of the Australasian and Oceanian regions. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 26: 1 - 521" title="The tropical fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) of the Australasian and Oceanian regions." volume="26" year="1989">Drew 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581779" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 17" startId="F17">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 17.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schiner" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bactrocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bactrocera frauenfeldi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frauenfeldi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Bactrocera frauenfeldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Schiner)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">A</emphasis>
|
||
head
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B</emphasis>
|
||
head and scutum
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C</emphasis>
|
||
abdomen, male
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D</emphasis>
|
||
wing
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">E</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view, female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Description of adult.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Male.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Head</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bactrocera vargasi sp. nov. A head B head and scutum C abdomen D male genitalia E wing F lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581778" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">16A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Height 1.61
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.22 (SD) (1.33-1.93) mm. Frons, of even width, 0.83
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.08 (0.67-0.93) mm long and 1.63
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.11 (1.43-1.85) times as long as broad; fulvous and narrowly yellow along eye margin; anteromedial hump covered by short red-brown microtrichia; three pairs of black frontal setae present; lunule yellow. Ocellar triangle black. Vertex black with yellow spot behind ocellar triangle and two pairs of black vertical setae. Face fulvous with a pair of very large circular black spots in antennal furrows; length 0.51
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.06 (0.43-0.63) mm. Gena fulvous, with small dark fuscous subocular spot and a red-brown seta. Occiput black and narrowly fulvous along eye margin; a row of 6-9 black postocular setae present behind eye. Antenna with scape and pedicel fulvous and flagellum dark fuscous tending dark fulvous on inner surface; a strong red-brown dorsal seta on pedicel; arista fulvous basally and black distally; length of segments: 0.31
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.03 (0.27-0.33) mm; 0.36
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.03 (0.33-0.40) mm; 0.88
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.09 (0.73-1.00) mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bactrocera vargasi sp. nov. A head B head and scutum C abdomen D male genitalia E wing F lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581778" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">16B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Scutum entirely black with dense silvery microtrichia on all scutum except two broad parallel longitudinal shining black areas interrupted at level of notopleural suture. Pleural areas black. Yellow markings: posterior half of postpronotal lobe (anteriorly fuscous); notopleuron; moderately broad anepisternal stripe with anterior margin convex, reaching to mid distance between anterior and posterior notopleural setae dorsally; a very small transverse spot on katepisternum below the anepisternal stripe; anterior 3⁄5 of anatergite and katatergite (posteriorly black). Mediotergite black. Scutellum broadly black medially and yellow laterally. Setae: 1 pair scutellar; 1 pair prescutellar acrostichal; 1 pair intra-alar; 1 pair postalar; 1 pair postsutural supra-alar; 1 pair anepisternal; 2 pairs notopleural; 2 pairs scapular; all setae well developed and black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bactrocera vargasi sp. nov. A head B head and scutum C abdomen D male genitalia E wing F lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581778" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">16F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Legs black with yellow fore femur, basal 2⁄5 of mid and hind femur, and mid and hind tarsi. Fore femur with a row of long pale dorsal setae. Mid-tibia with an apical black spur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bactrocera vargasi sp. nov. A head B head and scutum C abdomen D male genitalia E wing F lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581778" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">16E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length 6.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.6 (5.3-6.9) mm; basal costal and costal cells dark fuscous with microtrichia covering both cells; faint narrow fuscous costal band confluent with R2+3, remaining narrow to end shortly past the apex of R2+3; dark fuscous straight band across r-m and dm-cu veins and reaching wing margin; broad dark fuscous anal streak; remainder of wing hyaline; dense aggregation of microtrichia around A1 + CuA2; supernumerary lobe weakly developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Bactrocera vargasi sp. nov. A head B head and scutum C abdomen D male genitalia E wing F lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/581778" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">16C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oval with tergites not fused; pecten present on tergite III; posterior lobe of surstylus short; abdominal sternum V with a deep concavity on posterior margin. Base of syntergite I+II wider than long. Tergites entirely black with yellow lateral bands along posterior margin of tergite II. Ceromata on tergite V black. Abdominal sternites black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
We proudly name this species to honor the famous fruit fly ecologist Roger I. Vargas (1947-2018) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stark, JD" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" publicationUrl="http://hdl.handle.net/10125/59374" refId="B35" refString="Stark, JD, Leblanc, L, Mau, RFL, Manoukis, NC, 2018. In memory of Roger Irvin Vargas (1947-2018). Proceedings the Hawaiian Entomological Society 50: v-vii. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/59374" title="In memory of Roger Irvin Vargas (1947 - 2018). Proceedings the Hawaiian Entomological Society 50: v-vii." url="http://hdl.handle.net/10125/59374" year="2018">Stark et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leblanc & Doorenweerd" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bactrocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bactrocera vargasi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vargasi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Bactrocera vargasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a noun in genitive case. Roger and LL collaborated extensively on projects during years spent in the South Pacific Islands. Roger brought LL to Hawaii in 2003 to continue working on fruit flies, and he secured funding and provided guidance that allowed LL to obtain a PhD title in 2010.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="male attractant">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Male attractant.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Zingerone.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leblanc & Doorenweerd" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Bactrocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bactrocera vargasi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vargasi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Bactrocera vargasi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was included as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="B." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="B." order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">B.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spnSol07 in
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.23.394510" author="Doorenweerd, C" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" refId="B7" refString="Doorenweerd, C, Jose, MS, Leblanc, L, Barr, N, Geib, S, Chung, AYC, Dupuis, J, Ekayanti, A, Fiegalan, ER, Hemachandra, KS, Chia-lung, MAH, 2020. DNA barcodes and reliable molecular identifications in a diverse group of invasive pests: lessons from Bactrocera fruit flies on variation across the COI gene, introgression, and standardization. bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.23.394510" title="DNA barcodes and reliable molecular identifications in a diverse group of invasive pests: lessons from Bactrocera fruit flies on variation across the COI gene, introgression, and standardization. bioRxiv." url="https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.23.394510" year="2020">Doorenweerd et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |