278 lines
31 KiB
XML
278 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.85204" ID-GBIF-Dataset="69e3a7a3-d279-4b63-8070-be3b1c813968" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2535-0730-1-133" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CF6673C9B1765D47B848F9C007505762" ID-ZooBank="24DF15ADF8A04086AD8C60AD39C8A4AA" ModsDocID="2535-0730-7-1-133" checkinTime="1683131477234" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lehmann, Ingo & Dalsgaard, Thure" docDate="2023" docId="AFB119C819405F34AFE76D5AE8FF6FAB" docLanguage="en" docName="EvolutSyst 7(1): 133-182" docOrigin="Evolutionary Systematics 7 (1)" docPubDate="2023-05-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.85204" docTitle="Eberhardfischeria husemanni Lehmann & Dalsgaard 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B371828A-4A34-45F0-9CD5-927BA0177B62" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="CF6673C9B1765D47B848F9C007505762" lastPageNumber="133" masterDocId="CF6673C9B1765D47B848F9C007505762" masterDocTitle="Revision of Saalmulleria Mabille, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Metarbelidae) from Madagascar with the description of three new genera and fifteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="133" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1683132232210" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Saalmulleria Mabille, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Metarbelidae) from Madagascar with the description of three new genera and fifteen new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lehmann, Ingo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Leibniz-Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, ztm, Museum der Natur, Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lehmannshimoni@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dalsgaard, Thure</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Leibniz-Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, ztm, Museum der Natur, Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">t.dalsgaard@leibniz-lib.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Evolutionary Systematics</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-05-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>7</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>133</mods:start>
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<mods:end>182</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.85204</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.85204</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2535-0730-1-133</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">24DF15ADF8A04086AD8C60AD39C8A4AA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CF6673C9B1765D47B848F9C007505762</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B371828A-4A34-45F0-9CD5-927BA0177B62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AFB119C819405F34AFE76D5AE8FF6FAB" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/B371828A-4A34-45F0-9CD5-927BA0177B62" authority="Lehmann & Dalsgaard, 2023" authorityName="Lehmann & Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Eberhardfischeria" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eberhardfischeria husemanni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" rank="species" species="husemanni" status="sp. nov.">Eberhardfischeria husemanni</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="133">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. a. Morondavania mineti sp. nov., holotype, male, Madagascar, Western Region, north of Morondava, Marofandilia Forest; b. M. mineti sp. nov., paratype, male, Madagascar, Western Region, north of Morondava, western part of Marofandilia Forest; c. Eberhardfischeria husemanni sp. nov., holotype, female, Madagascar, Western Region, Diego Suarez (today Antsira ṅana) or areas nearby; d. E. husemanni sp. nov., paratype, female, Madagascar, Western Region, Diego Suarez (today Antsira ṅana) or areas nearby; e. Saalmulleria stumpffi (Saalmueller, 1884), " Type ", female, Madagascar, Sambirano Region, Nosy Be Island, Lokobe; f. S. analameranaensis sp. nov., holotype, female, Madagascar, Western Region, Analamerana Forest, ca. 10 km to 40 km west of the Indian Ocean coastline; g. S. ampandrandavaensis sp. nov., holotype, female, Madagascar, Central Region, Ampandrandava, ca. 50 km northeast of Bekily." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845634" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Figs 4c, d</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Wing venation: a. Eberhardfischeria husemanni sp. nov., paratype, female; b. Morondavania mineti sp. nov., holotype, male; c. Saalmulleria stumpffi (Saalmueller, 1884), " Type ", female." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845635" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">, 5a</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female postabdominal structures and male genitalia in a not pressed condition: a. Eberhardfischeria husemanni sp. nov., paratype, female; b. Saalmulleria stumpffi (Saalmueller, 1884), " Type ", female; c. Shimbania kerstinhempae sp. nov., holotype, female; d. Morondavania mineti sp. nov., paratype, male, with aedeagus below; e. S. wichgrafi (Gruenberg, 1910), " Type ", male, with aedeagus below (all drawings by I. L.)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845637" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">, 7a</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Female postabdominal structures of a. Eberhardfischeria husemanni sp. nov., holotype, female, Madagascar, Western Region, Diego Suarez (today Antsira ṅana); b. E. husemanni sp. nov., paratype, female, Madagascar, Western Region, Diego Suarez (today Antsira ṅana). The type locality is in or somewhere to the South of Diego Suarez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845644" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">, 13a, b</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. SEM pictures of diagnostic head structures of Metarbelidae from Madagascar: A. The lower fronto-clypeus of Morondavania mineti sp. nov., holotype, male, is narrow and without a pair of pits as well as without a pair of projections; B, D. The lower fronto-clypeus of Eberhardfischeria husemanni sp. nov., paratype, female, is broad with a strongly sclerotized plate-like structure (a) with a well-defined dorsal ridge (b) and a pair of rudimentary pits (c); C, E, F. The very broad and smooth lower fronto-clypeus of Saalmulleria ampandrandavaensis sp. nov., holotype, female, is without any plate-like structure, but with a pair of well-developed pits (d), a variable character in species of Saalmulleria that is sometimes entirely absent. A pair of pits on the lower fronto-clypeus is a homoplasy among Metarbelidae in both sexes (cf. Lehmann 2019 b) and it is in species of various genera a variable character (SEM pictures taken by Karin Ulmen, ZFMK, Bonn 2013)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845646" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">, 16B, D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1917-07-16" collectingDateMax="1917-08-06" collectingDateMin="1917-07-16" collectorName="G. Melou, I. Lehmann" country="Madagascar" location="Female" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AFB119C819405F34AFE76D5AE8FF6FAB:E55ED6603FE0177651D4227A559D2D49" country="Madagascar" name="Female">Female</location>
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,
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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, [Western Region],
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Diégo">"Diego</normalizedToken>
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Suarez" [Antsiran̈ana], "6 Aug 17" [
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<collectingDate value="1917-08-06">6th August 1917</collectingDate>
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],
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<collectorName>G. Melou</collectorName>
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[leg.], a second label with number
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“403”">"403"</normalizedToken>
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; genitalia slide number 02/102007
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<collectorName>I. Lehmann</collectorName>
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(BMNH).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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, female, same locality data, "16 July, 17" [
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<collectingDate value="1917-07-16">16th July 1917</collectingDate>
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],
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<collectorName>G. Melou</collectorName>
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[leg.], genitalia slide number 03/112008
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<collectorName>I. Lehmann</collectorName>
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(BMNH).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Holotype</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Head</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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: Rough-scaled; medium long hair-like scales of olive-buff and dark olive-buff; labial palpi olive-buff. Antennae bipectinate, narrow and long branches 3.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than width of shaft, branches are widely separated at base with 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width of branch, dorsal and lateral sides of branches not scaled, but with many setae in pairs ventrally and laterally, dorsal and lateral sides of flagellum scaled deep olive-buff mixed with brownish-olive.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Thorax</emphasis>
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: Densely covered with hair-like scales of dark olive-buff with chestnut on upper half of scales on patagia, scales with tiny light grey or pale olive tip, scales on patagia form a collar ring, scales on tegulae long hair-like, chestnut mixed with some scales of pale olive-buff with a light lilac glint; scale crest on metathorax pale olive-buff with a cream base, dark chestnut at centre. Fore and mid legs deep olive-buff with long dense hair-like structures and a light golden glint. Epiphyses 1.9 mm long, broad and flat. Wingspan is 39.0 mm. Forewing short, triangular with a rounded apex, upperside deep olive-buff and towards termen with a light golden glint, with a narrow, almost triangular band of dark olive-buff from costa towards end of CuA1, the latter and CuA2 are narrowly dark olive-buff, several very narrow bands and lines of dark olive-buff from costa to dorsum, a dark chestnut patch below base of 1A+2A, 40% length of 1A+2A. Hindwing elongated and rounded, largely with short scales of deep olive-buff with a light golden glint, without any pattern, a faded dark olive patch at center is present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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Forewing venation with 1A+2A deeply forked at base, fork is 25% the length of 1A+2A; CuP absent, but represented by a continuous fold that is not sclerotized; CuA2 originating from near hind margin of posterior cell; CuA1, M3 and M2 separate and originating from apical angle of posterior cell; M1 originating from distal margin of median cell and not near its anterior angle; R1+R2 originating from a long stalk (the stalk has the length of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">ca.</emphasis>
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50% of R3) and initiating from anterior angle of median cell; R3+R4+R5 are long stalked and originating from anterior angle of median cell, the basal point of this stalk is exactly opposite of the basal point of the stalk of R1+R2; Sc more or less parallel to R1. Hindwing venation with 3A present, 1A+2A present as a strong sclerotized fold, without a small fork at base, CuP represented by a sclerotized fold; CuA2 originating from near hind margin of posterior cell; CuA1, M3 and M2 originating from apical angle of posterior cell, separated; M1 and Rs originating from anterior cell, broadly separated, with M1 at center of distal margin of anterior cell; a bar from Rs to Sc+R1 is absent, a vein in discocellular cell on both fore- and hindwing is present and forked distally in forewing. The discocellular cell on the hindwing is similar in shape like a fishtail, with upper and lower tip not in opposite position, and both tips not pointed. Fringe scales very long on forewing and hindwing, 1.5 mm, deep olive-buff with a glint.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/845644" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Figure 13.</emphasis>
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Female postabdominal structures of
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">a.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lehmann & Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Eberhardfischeria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eberhardfischeria husemanni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" rank="species" species="husemanni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Eberhardfischeria husemanni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., holotype, female, Madagascar, Western Region,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Diégo">Diego</normalizedToken>
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Suarez (today Antsiraṅana);
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">b.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. husemanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="husemanni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">E. husemanni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., paratype, female, Madagascar, Western Region,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Diégo">Diego</normalizedToken>
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Suarez (today Antsiraṅana). The type locality is in or somewhere to the South of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Diégo">Diego</normalizedToken>
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Suarez.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: With dense hair-like scales of deep olive-buff mixed with dark olive and short abdominal tuft,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">ca.</emphasis>
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20% of abdomen length. Female postabdominal structure with large lobes of papillae anales, one lobe as large as 35% of papillae anales, lobes in almost vertical position; dorsal part elliptic in posterior view, covered with short and many long setae. Segment 8 represents a medium broad rectangular sclerotized band, more narrow ventrally, setose along its whole posterior margin with long setae, with a narrow band attached ventrally extending to the base of anterior apophysis; anterior apophysis 2.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as segment 8 dorsally, on their basal half of length 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as broad as at tip, at middle knee-like shaped and in the basal half with a long, deep horizontal graben-like structure; posterior apophysis narrow with a three times broader base on one-third of their entire length, 50% the length of anterior apophysis, with medium large sclerotized base 30% the size of papillae anales in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
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Although
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Diégo">"Diego</normalizedToken>
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Suarez" [Antsiran̈ana], located close to the northern tip of Madagascar at an altitude of 9-112 m, is mentioned as the collecting site on the label of the holotype and paratype, it is not sure that both females were collected in or near Antsiran̈ana. In his thesis, Pierre
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<bibRefCitation author="Viette, P" journalOrPublisher="1, annee 1962" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" refId="B99" refString="Viette, P, 1962. Noctuelles Trifides de Madagascar, Ecologie, Biogeographie, Morphologie et Taxonomie (Lep.). Theses presentees a la Faculte des Sciences de L'Universite de Nancy. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, tome 131, fasc. 1, annee 1962" title="Noctuelles Trifides de Madagascar, Ecologie, Biogeographie, Morphologie et Taxonomie (Lep.). Theses presentees a la Faculte des Sciences de L'Universite de Nancy. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, tome 131, fasc." year="1962">Viette (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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stated on pages 13, 36 and 52 about Gaston Melou, who collected
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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in the region of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Diégo">Diego</normalizedToken>
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Suarez in the years 1916 and 1917, that Melou included areas such as Montagne
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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(altitude up to 1.475 m) as well as Montagne des
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Franҫais">Franҫais</normalizedToken>
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(altitude up to 393 m) in his collecting site termed
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Diégo">"Diego</normalizedToken>
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Suarez". The latter fact was confirmed by Dr. Albert Legrain (pers. comm. to I.L. in 2008). The forest of the Montagne des
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Franҫais">Franҫais</normalizedToken>
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is a "Dry deciduous forest" (
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<bibRefCitation author="Pearce, TA" editor="Goodman, SM" journalOrPublisher="The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="529 - 574" refId="B83" refString="Pearce, TA, 2003. Gastropoda, Terrestrial Snails. In: Goodman, SM, Benstead, JP, Eds., The Natural History of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London: 529 - 574" title="Gastropoda, Terrestrial Snails." volumeTitle="The Natural History of Madagascar." year="2003">Pearce 2003</bibRefCitation>
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) and hence, belongs to the highly threatened primary dry deciduous forest and woodland patches of the "Madagascar Dry Deciduous Forests" ecoregion
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Crowley, H" editor="Burgess, ND" journalOrPublisher="World Wildlife Fund (United States), Island Press, Washington, 269 - 271, 271 - 273, 276 - 278" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="417 - 418" refId="B13" refString="Crowley, H, 2004. Madagascar Humid Forests / Madagascar Subhumid Forests / Madagascar Dry Deciduous Forests / Madagascar Succulent Woodlands. In: Burgess, ND, D'Amico Hales, J, Underwood, E, Dinerstein, E, Olson, D, Itoua, I, Schipper, J, Rickketts, T, Newman, K, Eds., Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment. World Wildlife Fund (United States), Island Press, Washington, 269-271, 271-273, 276-278: 417 - 418" title="Madagascar Humid Forests / Madagascar Subhumid Forests / Madagascar Dry Deciduous Forests / Madagascar Succulent Woodlands." volumeTitle="Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment." year="2004">Crowley (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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that covers large areas of the "Western Region". The Montagne
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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was excluded from the "Western Region" by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226337609.001.0001" author="Gautier, I" editor="Goodman, SM" journalOrPublisher="The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="229 - 256" refId="B24" refString="Gautier, I, Goodman, SM, 2003. Introduction to the flora of Madagascar. In: Goodman, SM, Benstead, JP, Eds., The Natural History of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London: 229 - 256, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226337609.001.0001" title="Introduction to the flora of Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226337609.001.0001" volumeTitle="The Natural History of Madagascar." year="2003">Gautier and Goodman (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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as far as areas above 1.000 m are concerned. The latter belong to the montane areas of the "Central Region"
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Humbert, H" editor="Humbert, H" journalOrPublisher="Travaux de la Section Scientifique et Technique de l'Institut Franҫais de Pondichery, hors serie, volume 6" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="46 - 78" refId="B37" refString="Humbert, H, 1965. Description des types de vegetation. In: Humbert, H, Cours-Darne, G, Eds., Notice de la carte de Madagascar. Travaux de la Section Scientifique et Technique de l'Institut Franҫais de Pondichery, hors serie, volume 6: 46 - 78" title="Description des types de vegetation." volumeTitle="Notice de la carte de Madagascar." year="1965">Humbert (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
with extremely reduced forests of the "Moist montane forest type" or "Subhumid forest" occurring scattered across the central highlands of Madagascar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226337609.001.0001" author="Gautier, I" editor="Goodman, SM" journalOrPublisher="The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="229 - 256" refId="B24" refString="Gautier, I, Goodman, SM, 2003. Introduction to the flora of Madagascar. In: Goodman, SM, Benstead, JP, Eds., The Natural History of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London: 229 - 256, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226337609.001.0001" title="Introduction to the flora of Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226337609.001.0001" volumeTitle="The Natural History of Madagascar." year="2003">Gautier and Goodman 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Forests on Montagne
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
|
||
belong largely to the "Madagascar Humid Forests" ecoregion
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Crowley, H" editor="Burgess, ND" journalOrPublisher="World Wildlife Fund (United States), Island Press, Washington, 269 - 271, 271 - 273, 276 - 278" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="417 - 418" refId="B13" refString="Crowley, H, 2004. Madagascar Humid Forests / Madagascar Subhumid Forests / Madagascar Dry Deciduous Forests / Madagascar Succulent Woodlands. In: Burgess, ND, D'Amico Hales, J, Underwood, E, Dinerstein, E, Olson, D, Itoua, I, Schipper, J, Rickketts, T, Newman, K, Eds., Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment. World Wildlife Fund (United States), Island Press, Washington, 269-271, 271-273, 276-278: 417 - 418" title="Madagascar Humid Forests / Madagascar Subhumid Forests / Madagascar Dry Deciduous Forests / Madagascar Succulent Woodlands." volumeTitle="Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment." year="2004">Crowley (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">cf.</emphasis>
|
||
also fig. 9 on plate V in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Viette, P" journalOrPublisher="1, annee 1962" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" refId="B99" refString="Viette, P, 1962. Noctuelles Trifides de Madagascar, Ecologie, Biogeographie, Morphologie et Taxonomie (Lep.). Theses presentees a la Faculte des Sciences de L'Universite de Nancy. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, tome 131, fasc. 1, annee 1962" title="Noctuelles Trifides de Madagascar, Ecologie, Biogeographie, Morphologie et Taxonomie (Lep.). Theses presentees a la Faculte des Sciences de L'Universite de Nancy. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, tome 131, fasc." year="1962">Viette (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and are less dominated by woody legumes, but mainly by species of the genera,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
|
||
e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diospyros" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diospyros</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ebenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ocotea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Ocotea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Aubl. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Monimiaceae" genus="Tambourissa" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tambourissa" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Tambourissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sonn. (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Monimiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Monimiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
); below 200 m altitude particularly by species of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Palmae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Arecales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Palmae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Dypsis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dypsis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Dypsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Noronha (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Arecales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
); portions of "Madagascar Subhumid Forests" ecoregion
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Crowley, H" editor="Burgess, ND" journalOrPublisher="World Wildlife Fund (United States), Island Press, Washington, 269 - 271, 271 - 273, 276 - 278" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" pagination="417 - 418" refId="B13" refString="Crowley, H, 2004. Madagascar Humid Forests / Madagascar Subhumid Forests / Madagascar Dry Deciduous Forests / Madagascar Succulent Woodlands. In: Burgess, ND, D'Amico Hales, J, Underwood, E, Dinerstein, E, Olson, D, Itoua, I, Schipper, J, Rickketts, T, Newman, K, Eds., Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment. World Wildlife Fund (United States), Island Press, Washington, 269-271, 271-273, 276-278: 417 - 418" title="Madagascar Humid Forests / Madagascar Subhumid Forests / Madagascar Dry Deciduous Forests / Madagascar Succulent Woodlands." volumeTitle="Terrestrial ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: a conservation assessment." year="2004">Crowley (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also occur and are characterized by a cool, dry season between July and September (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">cf.</emphasis>
|
||
collecting dates) and a dominance of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sarcolaenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sarcolaenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Croton</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. jennyanus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jennyanus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">C. jennyanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gris around
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Diégo">Diego</normalizedToken>
|
||
Suarez. Hence,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lehmann & Dalsgaard" authorityYear="2023" family="Metarbelidae" genus="Eberhardfischeria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eberhardfischeria husemanni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" rank="species" species="husemanni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Eberhardfischeria husemanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. might occur in dry deciduous forests and woodlands or in humid forests or in moist montane forest types of northern Madagascar. The new species is certainly under threat, maybe close to extinction, due to degradation of its habitats by fires and agriculture.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="biological traits">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Biological traits.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
|
||
The biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. husemanni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="husemanni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="133">E. husemanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="133" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="133">
|
||
The species is named for Dr. habil. Martin Husemann (Head of the Section
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Hemimetabolous Insects in the Leibniz-Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Hamburg, Germany) for his substantial support of studies on
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Metarbelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Metarbelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
until present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |