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<document id="00F08F361BA42AD7F04CEC846C55850A" ID-CLB-Dataset="22014" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2014.79" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b2e284c1-70c1-4e2e-a6ef-cff807e570b5" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3835050" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589939914742" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Vijver, Bart Van De &amp; Kopalová, Kateřina" docDate="2014" docId="EA238799B91EED6D80D5FE2AFEF8FF15" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2014-79.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 79" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="161AFFE1B916ED678027FFB9FFD3FA20" masterDocTitle="Four Achnanthidium species (Bacillariophyta) formerly identified as Achnanthidium minutissimum from the Antarctic Region" masterLastPageNumber="19" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698840352454" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="4898FA5F633D71971A6E9DB3548CC69A">Four Achnanthidium species (Bacillariophyta) formerly identified as Achnanthidium minutissimum from the Antarctic Region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CB710AB7B21D52B081F04349BCD44265">Vijver, Bart Van De</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="891BBF939F4680DF0AE0047CECD79424">Botanic Garden Meise, Department of Bryophyta &amp; Thallophyta, Nieuwelaan 38, B- 1860 Meise, Belgium Email: vandevijver @ br. fgov. be (corresponding author) &amp; University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, ECOBE, Universiteitsplein 1, B- 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerpen, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A8C0D4F41B8D17756491F762E8EF7721">Kopalová, Kateřina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E4BE084C30353A94CF197AEF4A7E9C14">Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology, Viničná 7, CZ- 12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="FD1A481E531E7F17084789E1E1205092">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B3D91C110B2603AB234C016698D32736">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="EA238799B91EED6D80D5FE2AFEF8FF15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3851707" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164241225" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3851707" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA238799B91EED6D80D5FE2AFEF8FF15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA238799B91EED6D80D5FE2AFEF8FF15" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<subSubSection id="2A906504B91EED6F80D5FE2AFA92FB8D" box="[242,1345,403,430]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6235368FB91EED6F80D5FE2AFA92FB8D" blockId="8.[242,1345,403,464]" box="[242,1345,403,430]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="397D81E3B91EED6F80D5FE2AFA92FB8D" box="[242,1345,403,430]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="A58A4D0CB91EED6F80D5FE2AFBF0FB8D" authority="Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin" authorityName="Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin" box="[242,1059,403,430]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sieminskae">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F80D5FE2AFDEDFB8E" bold="true" box="[242,574,403,430]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Achnanthidium sieminskae</emphasis>
Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="061B4B7EB91EED6F8415FE2AFAEAFB8D" author="Witkowski A. &amp; Kulikovskiy M. &amp; Riaux-Gobin C." box="[1074,1337,403,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="61 - 68" refId="ref10775" refString="Witkowski A., Kulikovskiy M. &amp; Riaux-Gobin C. 2012. Achnanthidium sieminskae, a new diatom species from the Kerguelen Archipelago (Austral Islands). In: Wolowski K., Kaczmarska I., Ehreman J. M. &amp; Wojtal A. Z. (eds) Current advances in algal taxonomy and its applications: phylogenetic, ecological and applied perspective: 61 - 68. Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow." type="book chapter" year="2012">
Witkowski
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F849CFE2DFB25FB8D" box="[1211,1270,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2A906504B91EED6F82F4FE0FFCB3FBF0" box="[723,864,438,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="6235368FB91EED6F82F4FE0FFCB3FBF0" blockId="8.[242,1345,403,464]" box="[723,864,438,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91EED6F82F4FE0FFCB3FBF0" box="[723,864,438,464]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 78-103</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2A906504B91EED6D809AFE41FE1DF8F1" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="6235368FB91EED6F809AFE41FDC9F832" blockId="8.[189,538,504,530]" box="[189,538,504,530]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="397D81E3B91EED6F809AFE41FDC9F832" bold="true" box="[189,538,504,530]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F809AFE41FDC9F832" bold="true" box="[189,538,504,530]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Morphological observations</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6235368FB91EED6F80CDFD9FFD8CF860" blockId="8.[189,1399,550,647]" box="[234,607,550,576]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F80CDFD9FFD8CF860" bold="true" box="[234,607,550,576]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Light microscopy (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91EED6F81F3FD9FFD84F860" box="[468,599,550,576]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 78-99</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6235368FB91EED6F809AFDF0FAA4F8A7" blockId="8.[189,1399,550,647]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Frustules in girdle view rectangular, clearly bent around the transapical axis and with clearly recurved apices (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91EED6F8130FDD4FE4FF8A7" box="[279,412,621,647]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 78-80</figureCitation>
). Valves linear to narrowly linear-lanceolate with almost parallel to slightly convex
</paragraph>
<caption id="36F56607B91EED6F809AF8FDFBD9FDCC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835058" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3835058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835058/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[189,241,1860,1886]" targetBox="[189,1399,724,1818]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="6235368FB91EED6F809AF8FDFBD9FDCC" blockId="8.[189,1399,1860,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F809AF8FDFE9FFD7E" bold="true" box="[189,332,1860,1886]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 54-77.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A58A4D0CB91EED6F817CF8FDFCA7FD7E" authority="Van de Vijver. Light" authorityName="Van de Vijver. Light" box="[347,884,1860,1887]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="lailae">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F817CF8FDFDB3FD7E" box="[347,608,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Achnanthidium lailae</emphasis>
Van de Vijver. Light
</taxonomicName>
and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Clearwater Mesa (James Ross Island).
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F830AF8DEFCA2FDA1" bold="true" box="[813,881,1895,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">54-56</emphasis>
. LM views of some frustules in girdle view.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F809AF832FED2FD85" bold="true" box="[189,257,1931,1957]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">57-64</emphasis>
. LM views of raphe valves.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F827FF832FD4EFD85" bold="true" box="[600,669,1931,1957]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">65-74</emphasis>
. LM views of rapheless valves.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F8438F832FBEFFD85" bold="true" box="[1055,1084,1931,1957]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">75</emphasis>
. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F81EEF817FE35FDE8" bold="true" box="[457,486,1966,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">76</emphasis>
. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91EED6F8401F817FB90FDE8" bold="true" box="[1062,1091,1966,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">77</emphasis>
. SEM external (right) and internal (left) view of an entire raphe valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6235368FB91FED6E809AFEB2FDEAF8A6" blockId="9.[189,1399,267,646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
margins and clearly protracted, rostrate to even capitate apices (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91FED6E838AFEB2FBE2FB05" box="[941,1073,267,293]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 81-99</figureCitation>
). Valve dimensions (n=25): length 9.5–18.0 µm, width
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91FED6E8222FE96FD41FB69" box="[517,658,303,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.9">1.9–3.1 µm</quantity>
. Raphe valve (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91FED6E8361FE97FC1AFB69" box="[838,969,302,329]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 81-91</figureCitation>
) concave with a very narrow linear axial area, almost not discernible near the valve apices. Central area elliptical to rounded, very small, almost indistinct, formed by 2–3 more widely spaced striae. Central striae often lacking extending the central area up to the valve margin. Raphe straight, filiform with simple, straight proximal raphe endings. Distal raphe hardly discernible in LM. Striae weakly radiate near the valve center, becoming parallel and even convergent near the apices, well visible in LM, ca.
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91FED6E8362FE66FCACFBD8" box="[837,895,478,505]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.128" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="in" value="32.0">32 in</quantity>
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91FED6E83A2FE66FC01FBD9" box="[901,978,479,505]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
, more densely spaced near the valve ends. Rapheless valve (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91FED6E81F4FDBBFD85F83C" box="[467,598,514,540]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 92-99</figureCitation>
) slightly convex with narrow, linear axial area, widening to form a weakly elliptically, never transapically elongated central area. Fascia never present. Central 2–3 striae more distantly spaced. Striae weakly radiate throughout, becoming more parallel to even convergent near the apices, ca.
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91FED6E8184FDD2FE0DF8A5" box="[419,478,619,646]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="in" value="35.0">35 in</quantity>
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91FED6E81C2FDD2FDE6F8A6" box="[485,565,619,646]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="36F56607B91FED6E809AF8FDFAA4FDCB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" targetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="6235368FB91FED6E809AF8FDFAA4FDCB" blockId="9.[189,1399,1860,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91FED6E809AF8FDFE86FD7E" bold="true" box="[189,341,1860,1886]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 78-103.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A58A4D0CB91FED6E817AF8FDFB00FD7E" authority="Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light" authorityName="Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light" box="[349,1235,1860,1886]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sieminskae">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91FED6E817AF8FDFD4AFD7E" box="[349,665,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Achnanthidium sieminskae</emphasis>
Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light
</taxonomicName>
and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91FED6E8344F8DEFC74FDA1" bold="true" box="[867,935,1895,1921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">78-80</emphasis>
. LM views of some frustules in girdle view.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91FED6E8124F833FE94FD84" bold="true" box="[259,327,1930,1956]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">81-91</emphasis>
. LM views of raphe valves.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91FED6E82BFF833FD0FFD84" bold="true" box="[664,732,1930,1956]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">92-99</emphasis>
. LM views of rapheless valves.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91FED6E847EF833FB56FD84" bold="true" box="[1113,1157,1930,1956]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">100</emphasis>
. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91FED6E81FAF814FDDAFDE7" bold="true" box="[477,521,1965,1991]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">101</emphasis>
. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91FED6E843DF814FB95FDE7" bold="true" box="[1050,1094,1965,1991]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">102</emphasis>
. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve.
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91FED6E81EFF868FE27FDCB" bold="true" box="[456,500,2001,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">103</emphasis>
. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6235368FB91CED6D80CDFEB2FCCBFB05" blockId="10.[189,1399,267,721]" box="[234,792,267,293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91CED6D80CDFEB2FCCBFB05" bold="true" box="[234,792,267,293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Scanning electron microscopy (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D8248FEB2FCDCFB05" box="[623,783,267,293]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 100-103</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6235368FB91CED6D809AFE97FE1DF8F1" blockId="10.[189,1399,267,721]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Valve face of the raphe valve clearly concave. Valve face/mantle margin forming a weakly raised hyaline border separating valve face striae from mantle areolae. Striae, ca.
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91CED6D8414FEEBFB48FB4C" box="[1075,1179,338,364]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.382" metricValueMax="8.636" metricValueMin="8.128" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="33.0" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="32.0">32–34 in</quantity>
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91CED6D8484FEEBFB21FB4D" box="[1187,1266,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
, composed of 2–3 small, rounded areolae (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D8210FECFFD4EFBB0" box="[567,669,374,400]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
) followed near the valve center by a thin, slit-like, marginal areola (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D8130FE20FE52FB94" box="[279,385,409,436]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
). Near the apices, striae more dense, ca.
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91CED6D8354FE23FC61FB93" box="[883,946,409,436]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="40.0">40 in</quantity>
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91CED6D839CFE23FBDEFB94" box="[955,1037,410,436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
, composed of only 3 rounded areolae. Mantle areolae slit-like (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D8261FE04FD3CFBF7" box="[582,751,445,471]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 100, 102</figureCitation>
). Raphe almost straight with simple, straight proximal raphe endings (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D8150FE58FE32FBDB" box="[375,481,481,507]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
). Distal raphe fissures weakly deflected, continuing slightly beyond the last striae terminating on the valve face/mantle junction. Internally, proximal raphe endings shortly bent into opposite directions(
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D81F8FD91FD90F862" box="[479,579,552,578]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
). Distal raphe endings terminating in small helictoglossae (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D8526FD91FABAF862" box="[1281,1385,552,578]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
). Internal areolae openings covered by hymenes (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D82D3FDF5FC8FF846" box="[756,860,588,614]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
). Striae of the rapheless valve almost equally spaced throughout the entire valve,
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91CED6D8252FDD6FD33F8A9" box="[629,736,623,649]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" metricValueMax="9.144" metricValueMin="8.636" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="in" value="35.0" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="34.0">34–36 in</quantity>
<quantity id="A5729B6AB91CED6D82CBFDC9FCECF8AA" box="[748,831,624,650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
, composed of 2–5 rounded areolae sometimes terminating in one slit-like areola (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D8275FD2AFD6AF88D" box="[594,697,659,685]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 102</figureCitation>
). Mantle areolae slit-like. Internal areolae openings covered by hymenes (
<figureCitation id="FAB12A0AB91CED6D817DFD0EFE12F8F1" box="[346,449,695,721]" captionStart="Figs 78-103" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[189,1399,720,1819]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 78-103. Achnanthidium sieminskae Witkowski, Kulikovskiy &amp; Riaux-Gobin. Light and scanning electron micrographs of a population on Iles Kerguelen. 78-80. LM views of some frustules in girdle view. 81-91. LM views of raphe valves. 92-99. LM views of rapheless valves. 100. SEM external view of an entire raphe valve. 101. SEM internal view of an entire raphe valve. 102. SEM external view of an entire rapheless valve. 103. SEM internal view of an entire rapheless valve. Scale bars represent 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835060/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 103</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2A906504B91CED6D809AFD40FEF8FF15" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="6235368FB91CED6D809AFD40FCF3F932" blockId="10.[189,800,760,787]" box="[189,800,760,787]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="397D81E3B91CED6D809AFD40FCF3F932" bold="true" box="[189,800,760,787]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91CED6D809AFD40FCF3F932" bold="true" box="[189,800,760,787]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ecology, distribution and associated diatom flora</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6235368FB91CED6D809AFC91FEF8FF15" blockId="10.[189,1399,808,1333]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="A58A4D0CB91CED6D809AFC91FE28F962" box="[189,507,808,834]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="sieminskae">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91CED6D809AFC91FE28F962" box="[189,507,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Achnanthidium sieminskae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described as a brackish-littoral taxon from a tidal flat near the Kerguelen Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="061B4B7EB91CED6D81EDFCF2FD1CF945" author="Witkowski A. &amp; Kulikovskiy M. &amp; Riaux-Gobin C." box="[458,719,843,869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="61 - 68" refId="ref10775" refString="Witkowski A., Kulikovskiy M. &amp; Riaux-Gobin C. 2012. Achnanthidium sieminskae, a new diatom species from the Kerguelen Archipelago (Austral Islands). In: Wolowski K., Kaczmarska I., Ehreman J. M. &amp; Wojtal A. Z. (eds) Current advances in algal taxonomy and its applications: phylogenetic, ecological and applied perspective: 61 - 68. Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow." type="book chapter" year="2012">
Witkowski
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91CED6D8275FCF5FD5FF945" box="[594,652,843,869]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
) but the authors already expressed some doubts about this observation. Most likely, their population was the result of a riverine deposition in the marine Bossière fjord on Kerguelen. As they stated themselves, the only way to find out would be the analysis of the living material which was unfortunately no longer available at the time of their publication. We reported this taxon (as
<taxonomicName id="A58A4D0CB91CED6D8143FC63FDFAF9D4" box="[356,553,986,1012]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Achnanthidiaceae" genus="Achnanthidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Achnanthales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="minutissimum">
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91CED6D8143FC63FDFAF9D4" box="[356,553,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. minutissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) from a large number of purely freshwater habitats ranging from small pools to larger lakes and even streams from all sub-Antarctic islands in both the Indian and Atlantic Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="061B4B7EB91CED6D813EFB98FD5AFE1B" author="Van de Vijver B. &amp; Beyens L." box="[281,649,1057,1084]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="359 - 368" refId="ref10102" refString="Van de Vijver B. &amp; Beyens L. 1996. Freshwater diatom communities of the Stromness Bay area, South Georgia. Antarctic Science 8 (4): 359 - 368. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0954102096000533" type="journal article" year="1996">Van de Vijver &amp; Beyens 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="061B4B7EB91CED6D82B1FB9BFC1AFE1B" author="Van de Vijver B. &amp; Ledeganck P. &amp; Beyens L." box="[662,969,1057,1084]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref10149" refString="Van de Vijver B., Ledeganck P. &amp; Beyens L. 2001. Habitat preferences in freshwater diatom communities from sub-Antarctic Iles Kerguelen. Antarctic Science 13: 28 - 36. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0954102001000050" type="journal article" year="2001">
Van de Vijver
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91CED6D8362FB9BFC51FE1B" box="[837,898,1057,1083]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
2001
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="061B4B7EB91CED6D83FFFB98FBC5FE1B" author="Van de Vijver B. &amp; Frenot Y. &amp; Beyens L." box="[984,1046,1057,1083]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 412" refId="ref10196" refString="Van de Vijver B., Frenot Y. &amp; Beyens L. 2002. Freshwater diatoms from Ile de la Possession (Crozet archipelago, Subantarctica). Bibliotheca Diatomologica 46: 1 - 412." type="journal article" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="061B4B7EB91CED6D8404FB98FBB2FE1B" author="Van de Vijver B. &amp; Beyens L. &amp; Vincke S. &amp; Gremmen N." box="[1059,1121,1057,1083]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="532 - 543" refId="ref10233" refString="Van de Vijver B., Beyens L., Vincke S. &amp; Gremmen N. 2004. Moss-inhabiting diatom communities from Heard Island, sub-Antarctic. Polar Biology 27: 532 - 543. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 004 - 0629 - x" type="journal article" year="2004">2004</bibRefCitation>
, 2008). In many cases, very large populations could be observed, occasionally up to 60–80% of all counted valves. These data indicate that this is typical limno-terrestrial taxon preferring wet moss vegetations in pools, bogponds and lakes with a pH between 5.2 and 7.4 and a low conductivity (&lt;160 µS/cm). These data confirm the final conclusion in
<bibRefCitation id="061B4B7EB91CED6D81EBFB09FD34FEEA" author="Witkowski A. &amp; Kulikovskiy M. &amp; Riaux-Gobin C." box="[460,743,1200,1226]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="61 - 68" refId="ref10775" refString="Witkowski A., Kulikovskiy M. &amp; Riaux-Gobin C. 2012. Achnanthidium sieminskae, a new diatom species from the Kerguelen Archipelago (Austral Islands). In: Wolowski K., Kaczmarska I., Ehreman J. M. &amp; Wojtal A. Z. (eds) Current advances in algal taxonomy and its applications: phylogenetic, ecological and applied perspective: 61 - 68. Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow." type="book chapter" year="2012">
Witkowski
<emphasis id="50FEEA9DB91CED6D8273FB08FD43FEEA" box="[596,656,1200,1226]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
that the observed valves in their study are the result of the redeposition of a freshwater species in a marine environment. Given the large amount of available data and material, it is a pity the original authors did not verify their rather unusual observation more carefully.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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